CN116970413B - Waste organic matter cracking treatment system and process - Google Patents
Waste organic matter cracking treatment system and process Download PDFInfo
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- CN116970413B CN116970413B CN202311229519.2A CN202311229519A CN116970413B CN 116970413 B CN116970413 B CN 116970413B CN 202311229519 A CN202311229519 A CN 202311229519A CN 116970413 B CN116970413 B CN 116970413B
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- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 118
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 105
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 95
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000006298 dechlorination reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010724 circulating oil Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004523 catalytic cracking Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004227 thermal cracking Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 15
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001059 synthetic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/07—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of solid raw materials consisting of synthetic polymeric materials, e.g. tyres
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
- C10K1/001—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide working-up the condensates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
- C10K1/002—Removal of contaminants
- C10K1/003—Removal of contaminants of acid contaminants, e.g. acid gas removal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
- C10K1/002—Removal of contaminants
- C10K1/003—Removal of contaminants of acid contaminants, e.g. acid gas removal
- C10K1/004—Sulfur containing contaminants, e.g. hydrogen sulfide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
- C10K1/04—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by cooling to condense non-gaseous materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
- C10K1/04—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by cooling to condense non-gaseous materials
- C10K1/046—Reducing the tar content
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of organic matter pyrolysis, and discloses a waste organic matter pyrolysis treatment system and a waste organic matter pyrolysis treatment process. According to the invention, the waste organic matters are cracked through the cracking furnace, and the separation of the cracking products of the waste organic matters is realized, so that the subsequent comprehensive utilization of the cracking products is facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of organic matter pyrolysis, and particularly relates to a waste organic matter pyrolysis treatment system and a waste organic matter pyrolysis treatment process.
Background
The plastic is an important organic synthetic polymer material, and the plastic has the advantages of light quality, stable chemical property, good insulativity, low heat conductivity, lower price and higher cost performance, so that the plastic is widely applied to our life. With the continuous expansion of oil refining capacity and the upgrading of oil head and tail, plastic product capacity continues to increase, and global plastic production has accumulated to nearly 100 hundred million tons from the beginning of the 50 th 20 th century to 2022. And plastics are currently being produced worldwide at a rate of 4 billion tons per year. However, plastic products can stably exist in nature for up to 100 years due to the special chemical molecular structure and physical properties, so that the plastic products become difficult problems puzzled in various countries after being manufactured into products.
At present, the comprehensive recycling technology of plastics is not perfect, and most of waste plastics are mixed in household garbage and are buried together or burnt. The buried plastic can change soil property, pollute the land and even threaten underground water source, and the waste plastic can release toxic gases in the combustion process, and the gases can seriously harm the atmosphere and further harm the whole ecological environment. In addition to pollution of soil and atmosphere, plastics are widely present in the sea, and although they are not visible to the naked eye, they are eaten by plankton or fish in the sea and humans as the top of the food chain are also affected. Therefore, a process capable of comprehensively treating organic polymer waste materials such as plastics is needed, so that the high-value recycling of waste plastics is realized, and the problem of energy shortage is relieved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the background art, the invention aims to provide a waste organic matter cracking treatment system and a waste organic matter cracking treatment process, waste organic matters are cracked through a cracking furnace to obtain high-temperature gas phase and ash, cracking oil in the high-temperature gas phase is separated firstly through cooling spraying, and then cracking gas is obtained through cooling compression after desulfurization and dechlorination, so that the separation of waste organic matter cracking products is realized, and the subsequent comprehensive utilization of the cracking products is facilitated.
The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a waste organic matter schizolysis processing system, including the pyrolysis furnace, the access screw feeder of pyrolysis furnace one side, pyrolysis furnace top exit linkage cold oil spray column, cold oil spray column bottom exit linkage settling cask, settling cask upper portion exit linkage pyrolysis oil temporary storage jar, pyrolysis oil cooler is passed through to pyrolysis oil temporary storage jar bottom export, pyrolysis oil cooler's exit linkage cold oil spray column's shower, cold oil spray column top export links to each other with the desulfurization dechlorination tower, desulfurization dechlorination tower top export links to each other with the pyrolysis gas buffer tank, pyrolysis gas buffer tank exit linkage compressor, the compressor export links to each other with the pyrolysis gas condenser, pyrolysis gas condenser export links to each other with the liquid separation jar, liquid separation jar bottom export links to each other with the liquefied gas storage jar through the liquefied air pump, the external gas pipe network of liquid separation jar top export.
Further preferably, the bottom of the cracking furnace is also provided with a slag discharge port, a screw conveyor is arranged at the slag discharge port of the cracking furnace, and a cooling jacket is arranged on the outer wall of the screw conveyor.
Further preferably, the bottom of the settling tank is provided with a slag discharge port.
Further preferably, a liquid level sensor is arranged on the upper side of the inside of the pyrolysis oil temporary storage tank, another outlet is arranged at the bottom of the pyrolysis oil temporary storage tank, and the other outlet of the pyrolysis oil temporary storage tank is connected with the pyrolysis oil storage tank.
Still preferably, the cold oil spray tower comprises a tower body, the tower body comprises an upper tower body and a lower tower body, the upper tower body and the lower tower body are fixed through bolts, an upper tower body top is fixedly provided with a sealing cover, a lower tower body bottom is fixedly provided with supporting legs, a mixing mechanism is arranged in the lower tower body, a spray mechanism is arranged in the middle of the upper tower body, an upper tower body top is fixedly provided with a gas filtering plate, a rotating shaft is arranged in the middle of the upper tower body and the lower tower body in a penetrating manner, the lower end of the rotating shaft is rotationally connected with the bottom of the lower tower body, the bottom end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with an output shaft of a motor, the mixing mechanism and the spray mechanism are driven through the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft in the upper tower body is of a hollow structure, the top of the rotating shaft is fixedly provided with a rotating joint, the rotating joint is fixedly connected with a liquid inlet pipe and a liquid outlet pipe, the top of the sealing cover is fixedly provided with a gas outlet pipe.
Still preferably, the mixing mechanism comprises a return pipe, the bottom of the return pipe is fixed with the lower tower body, the side wall of the lower end of the return pipe is provided with a return port, the return port is arranged in a circumferential array, the air inlet pipe is L-shaped, one end of the air inlet pipe penetrating into the lower tower body is located between the return pipe and the lower tower body, a turbine is arranged in the return pipe, and the turbine is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft.
Further preferably, the spraying mechanism comprises a spiral blade, the spiral blade is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft, a plurality of spraying holes are formed in the surface of the upper end of the rotating shaft, the spraying holes are uniformly and equidistantly formed in the spiral direction of the spiral blade, mounting plates are symmetrically arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the spiral blade and fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the upper tower body, a plurality of ventilation holes are formed in the surface of the mounting plate, and the ventilation holes are arranged in an annular array.
Further preferably, the air filtering plate is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the upper tower body, a plurality of air filtering holes are formed in the surface of the air filtering plate, each air filtering hole comprises an upper hole, a transition hole and a lower hole, the diameter of the upper hole is smaller than that of the lower hole, the transition hole is conical, and the diameter of the transition hole gradually increases from top to bottom.
A waste organic matter cracking treatment process comprises the following steps:
s1, conveying crushed and dried waste organic matters into a cracking furnace by using a screw feeder, performing thermal cracking or catalytic cracking at a certain temperature and pressure, enabling high-temperature gas phase in a cracking product to enter a cold oil spray tower, discharging solid-phase ash slag in the cracking product through a slag discharge port, and then cooling to about 40 ℃ by using a screw conveyor with a jacket for cooling, and conveying out;
s2, cooling the high-temperature gas phase to 60-100 ℃ in a cold oil spray tower, condensing the pyrolysis oil in the high-temperature gas phase, mixing the pyrolysis carbon black, entering a settling tank from the bottom of the cold oil spray tower, separating the carbon black from the pyrolysis oil in the settling tank, entering a pyrolysis oil temporary storage tank from the upper part of the settling tank, entering a pyrolysis oil cooler through a circulating oil pump to cool part of pyrolysis oil in the pyrolysis oil temporary storage tank to 30-50 ℃, spraying the pyrolysis oil to the cold oil spray tower, and conveying the other part of pyrolysis oil to a pyrolysis oil storage tank for storage;
s3, spraying the high-temperature gas phase, and enabling the high-temperature gas phase to enter a desulfurization and dechlorination tower from the top of the cold oil spraying tower to react with a desulfurization and dechlorination agent in the desulfurization and dechlorination tower to remove SO (sulfur and oxygen) X And HCl, the gas phase after desulfurization and dechlorination enters a pyrolysis gas buffer tank, the pyrolysis gas in the pyrolysis gas buffer tank is compressed to 1.3-1.8 MPa by a compressor and then enters a pyrolysis gas condenser, and the pyrolysis gas is condensed to 40-50 ℃ by the pyrolysis gas condenser and then enters a liquid separation tank;
s4, condensing the pyrolysis gas, then separating the pyrolysis gas in a liquid separating tank, wherein the liquid phase at the lower part of the liquid separating tank is the liquefied gas, the non-condensable gas is arranged at the upper part of the liquid separating tank, and the liquefied gas is pumped to 1.9-2.1 MPa by a liquefied gas pump and then is sent to a liquefied gas storage tank for storage, and the non-condensable gas enters a gas pipe network to provide gas for a pyrolysis furnace burner.
Further preferably, in the step S1, the cracking temperature of the waste organic matters is 300-550 ℃ and the pressure is 0-10 kPa.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the waste organic matters are cracked through the cracking furnace to obtain the high-temperature gas phase and ash, the pyrolysis oil in the high-temperature gas phase is separated through cooling spraying, and then the pyrolysis gas is obtained through cooling compression after desulfurization and dechlorination, so that the separation of waste organic matter cracking products is realized, and the subsequent comprehensive utilization of the cracking products is facilitated.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a multistage countercurrent extraction system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the cold oil spray tower of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the cold oil spray tower of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of the cold oil spray tower mixing mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the helical blade of the cold oil spray tower of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the cold oil spray tower mounting plate of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the air filter plate of the cold oil spray tower of the present invention.
In the figure: the device comprises a 1-cracking furnace, a 2-spiral feeder, a 3-cold oil spray tower, a 4-settling tank, a 5-pyrolysis oil temporary storage tank, a 6-circulating oil pump, a 7-cracking oil cooler, an 8-desulfurization and dechlorination tower, a 9-pyrolysis gas buffer tank, a 10-compressor, a 11-pyrolysis gas condenser, a 12-liquid separation tank, a 13-liquefied gas pump, a 14-liquefied gas storage tank, a 15-pyrolysis oil storage tank, a 16-tower body, a 161-upper tower body, a 162-lower tower body, a 17-sealing cover, 18-supporting legs, a 19-mixing mechanism, a 20-spraying mechanism, a 21-gas filtering plate, a 22-rotating shaft, a 23-motor, a 24-rotating joint, a 25-liquid inlet pipe, a 26-gas inlet pipe, a 27-liquid outlet pipe, a 28-gas outlet pipe, a 29-backflow pipe, a 30-backflow port, a 31-turbine, 32-spiral blade, a 33-spraying hole, a 34-mounting plate, a 35-ventilation hole, a 36-air filtering hole, an upper hole, a 362-transition hole and 363-lower hole.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
A waste organic matter pyrolysis treatment system comprises a pyrolysis furnace 1, an inlet on one side of the pyrolysis furnace 1 is connected with a screw feeder 2, an outlet on the top of the pyrolysis furnace 1 is connected with a cold oil spray tower 3, an outlet on the bottom of the cold oil spray tower 3 is connected with a settling tank 4, an outlet on the upper part of the settling tank 4 is connected with a pyrolysis oil temporary storage tank 5, an outlet on the bottom of the pyrolysis oil temporary storage tank 5 is connected with a pyrolysis oil cooler 7 through a circulating oil pump 6, an outlet of the pyrolysis oil cooler 7 is connected with a spray pipe of the cold oil spray tower 3, an outlet on the top of the cold oil spray tower 3 is connected with a desulfurization and dechlorination tower 8, an outlet on the top of the desulfurization and dechlorination tower 8 is connected with a pyrolysis gas buffer tank 9, an outlet of the pyrolysis gas buffer tank 9 is connected with a compressor 10, an outlet of the compressor 10 is connected with a pyrolysis gas condenser 11, an outlet on the bottom of the settling tank 12 is connected with a liquefied gas storage tank 14 through a liquefied gas pump 13, and an outlet on the top of the settling tank 12 is externally connected with a gas pipe network.
The bottom of the cracking furnace 1 is also provided with a slag discharge port, a screw conveyor is arranged at the slag discharge port of the cracking furnace 1, and a cooling jacket is arranged on the outer wall of the screw conveyor. The bottom of the settling tank 4 is provided with a slag discharging port. The upper side of the inside of the pyrolysis oil temporary storage tank 5 is provided with a liquid level sensor, the bottom of the pyrolysis oil temporary storage tank 5 is also provided with another outlet, and the other outlet of the pyrolysis oil temporary storage tank 5 is connected with a pyrolysis oil storage tank 15.
The cold oil spray tower 3 comprises a tower body 16, the tower body 16 is composed of an upper tower body 161 and a lower tower body 162, the upper tower body 161 and the lower tower body 162 are fixed through bolts, a sealing cover 17 is fixedly arranged at the top of the upper tower body 161, a supporting leg 18 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the lower tower body 162, a mixing mechanism 19 is arranged in the lower tower body 162, a spraying mechanism 20 is arranged in the middle of the upper tower body 161, a gas filtering plate 21 is fixedly arranged at the top of the upper tower body 161, a rotating shaft 22 is arranged in the middle of the upper tower body 161 and the lower tower body 162 in a penetrating manner, the lower end of the rotating shaft 22 is rotationally connected with the bottom of the lower tower body 162, the bottom end of the rotating shaft 22 is fixedly connected with an output shaft of a motor 23, the mixing mechanism 19 and the spraying mechanism 20 are driven through the rotating shaft 22, the rotating shaft 22 in the upper tower body 161 is of a hollow structure, a rotary joint 24 is fixedly arranged at the top of the rotating joint 24 and is fixedly connected with a liquid inlet pipe 25, an air inlet pipe 26 and a liquid outlet pipe 27 are fixedly arranged at the outer wall of the lower tower body 162, and an air outlet pipe 28 is fixedly arranged at the top of the sealing cover 17.
The mixing mechanism 19 comprises a return pipe 29, the bottom of the return pipe 29 is fixed with a lower tower 162, a return port 30 is formed in the side wall of the lower end of the return pipe 29, the return ports 30 are arranged in a circumferential array, an air inlet pipe 26 is L-shaped, one end of the air inlet pipe 26 penetrating into the lower tower 162 is located between the return pipe 29 and the lower tower 162, a turbine 31 is arranged in the return pipe 29, and the turbine 31 is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft 22.
The spraying mechanism 20 comprises a spiral blade 32, the spiral blade 32 is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft 22, a plurality of spraying holes 33 are formed in the surface of the upper end of the rotating shaft 22, the spraying holes 33 are uniformly and equidistantly formed in the spiral direction of the spiral blade 32, mounting plates 34 are symmetrically arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the spiral blade 32, the mounting plates 34 are fixedly arranged on the inner wall of an upper tower body 161, a plurality of ventilation holes 35 are formed in the surface of the mounting plates 34, and the ventilation holes 35 are arranged in an annular array.
The air filtering plate 21 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the upper tower body 161, a plurality of air filtering holes 36 are formed in the surface of the air filtering plate 21, each air filtering hole 36 comprises an upper hole 361, a transition hole 362 and a lower hole 363, the diameter of the upper hole 361 is smaller than that of the lower hole 363, the transition hole 362 is conical, and the diameter of the transition hole 362 gradually increases from top to bottom.
A waste organic matter cracking treatment process comprises the following steps:
s1, conveying crushed and dried waste organic matters into a cracking furnace by using a screw feeder, performing thermal cracking or catalytic cracking at 300-550 ℃ and 0-10 kPa, enabling high-temperature gas in a cracking product to enter a cold oil spray tower, discharging solid-phase ash residues in the cracking product through a slag discharge port, and then cooling to about 40 ℃ by using a screw conveyor with a jacket for cooling, and conveying out;
s2, cooling the high-temperature gas phase to 60-100 ℃ in a cold oil spray tower, condensing the pyrolysis oil in the high-temperature gas phase, mixing the pyrolysis carbon black, entering a settling tank from the bottom of the cold oil spray tower, separating the carbon black from the pyrolysis oil in the settling tank, entering a pyrolysis oil temporary storage tank from the upper part of the settling tank, entering a pyrolysis oil cooler through a circulating oil pump to cool part of pyrolysis oil in the pyrolysis oil temporary storage tank to 30-50 ℃, spraying the pyrolysis oil to the cold oil spray tower, and conveying the other part of pyrolysis oil to a pyrolysis oil storage tank for storage;
s3, spraying the high-temperature gas phase, and enabling the high-temperature gas phase to enter a desulfurization and dechlorination tower from the top of the cold oil spraying tower to react with a desulfurization and dechlorination agent in the desulfurization and dechlorination tower to remove SO (sulfur and oxygen) X And HCl, the gas phase after desulfurization and dechlorination enters a pyrolysis gas buffer tank, the pyrolysis gas in the pyrolysis gas buffer tank is compressed to 1.3-1.8 MPa by a compressor and then enters a pyrolysis gas condenser, and the pyrolysis gas is condensed to 40-50 ℃ by the pyrolysis gas condenser and then enters a liquid separation tank;
s4, condensing the pyrolysis gas, then separating the pyrolysis gas in a liquid separating tank, wherein the liquid phase at the lower part of the liquid separating tank is the liquefied gas, the non-condensable gas is arranged at the upper part of the liquid separating tank, and the liquefied gas is pumped to 1.9-2.1 MPa by a liquefied gas pump and then is sent to a liquefied gas storage tank for storage, and the non-condensable gas enters a gas pipe network to provide gas for a pyrolysis furnace burner.
In the description of the present specification, the descriptions of the terms "one embodiment," "example," "specific example," and the like, mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, principal features and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a waste organic matter schizolysis processing system, its characterized in that includes pyrolysis furnace (1), inlet connection screw feeder (2) of pyrolysis furnace (1) one side, pyrolysis furnace (1) top exit linkage cold oil spray column (3), cold oil spray column (3) bottom exit linkage settling cask (4), settling cask (4) upper portion exit linkage pyrolysis oil temporary storage tank (5), pyrolysis oil temporary storage tank (5) bottom exit is connected pyrolysis oil cooler (7) through circulating oil pump (6), pyrolysis oil cooler (7)'s exit linkage cold oil spray column (3) shower, cold oil spray column (3) top exit links to each other with desulfurization dechlorination tower (8), desulfurization dechlorination tower (8) top exit links to each other with pyrolysis gas buffer tank (9), pyrolysis gas buffer tank (9) exit linkage compressor (10), compressor (10) exit links to each other with pyrolysis gas condenser (11), pyrolysis gas condenser (11) exit links to each other with branch liquid pot (12), branch liquid pot (12) exit links to each other with gas pump (14) top through branch pipe network;
the cold oil spray tower (3) comprises a tower body (16), the tower body (16) is composed of an upper tower body (161) and a lower tower body (162), the upper tower body (161) and the lower tower body (162) are fixed through bolts, a sealing cover (17) is fixedly arranged at the top of the upper tower body (161), a supporting leg (18) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the lower tower body (162), a mixing mechanism (19) is arranged in the lower tower body (162), a spray mechanism (20) is arranged in the middle of the interior of the upper tower body (161), a gas filtering plate (21) is fixedly arranged at the top of the upper tower body (161), a rotating shaft (22) is arranged in the middle of the upper tower body (161) and the lower tower body (162), the lower end of the rotating shaft (22) is rotationally connected with the bottom of the lower tower body (162), the bottom end of the rotating shaft (22) is fixedly connected with an output shaft of a motor (23), the mixing mechanism (19) and the spray mechanism (20) are driven through the rotating shaft (22), the rotating shaft (22) in the interior of the upper tower body (161) is of a hollow structure, the rotating shaft (22), the rotating joint (24) is fixedly connected with the outer wall (24) of a liquid inlet pipe (27), an air outlet pipe (28) is fixedly arranged at the top of the sealing cover (17);
the mixing mechanism (19) comprises a return pipe (29), the bottom of the return pipe (29) is fixed with a lower tower body (162), a return port (30) is formed in the side wall of the lower end of the return pipe (29), the return ports (30) are arranged in a circumferential array, the air inlet pipe (26) is L-shaped, one end of the air inlet pipe (26) penetrating into the lower tower body (162) is located between the return pipe (29) and the lower tower body (162), a turbine (31) is arranged in the return pipe (29), and the turbine (31) is fixedly mounted on a rotating shaft (22);
the spraying mechanism (20) comprises a spiral blade (32), the spiral blade (32) is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft (22), a plurality of spraying holes (33) are formed in the surface of the upper end of the rotating shaft (22), the spraying holes (33) are uniformly and equidistantly arranged along the spiral direction of the spiral blade (32), mounting plates (34) are symmetrically arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the spiral blade (32), the mounting plates (34) are fixedly arranged on the inner wall of an upper tower body (161), a plurality of ventilation holes (35) are formed in the surface of the mounting plates (34), and the ventilation holes (35) are arranged in an annular array;
the gas filtering plate (21) is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the upper tower body (161), a plurality of gas filtering holes (36) are formed in the surface of the gas filtering plate (21), each gas filtering hole (36) comprises an upper hole (361), a transition hole (362) and a lower hole (363), the diameter of the upper hole (361) is smaller than that of the lower hole (363), the transition hole (362) is conical, and the diameter of the transition hole (362) gradually increases from top to bottom.
2. The waste organic matter pyrolysis treatment system according to claim 1, wherein a slag discharge port is further formed in the bottom of the pyrolysis furnace (1), a screw conveyor is arranged at the slag discharge port of the pyrolysis furnace (1), and a cooling jacket is arranged on the outer wall of the screw conveyor.
3. The waste organic matter pyrolysis treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the bottom of the settling tank (4) is provided with a slag discharge port.
4. The system for cracking treatment of waste organic matters according to claim 1, wherein a liquid level sensor is arranged on the upper side inside the pyrolysis oil temporary storage tank (5), another outlet is arranged at the bottom of the pyrolysis oil temporary storage tank (5), and the other outlet of the pyrolysis oil temporary storage tank (5) is connected with the pyrolysis oil storage tank (15).
5. A waste organic matter cracking treatment process based on the system of any one of claims 1 to 4, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, conveying crushed and dried waste organic matters into a cracking furnace by using a screw feeder, performing thermal cracking or catalytic cracking at a certain temperature and pressure, enabling high-temperature gas phase in a cracking product to enter a cold oil spray tower, discharging solid-phase ash slag in the cracking product through a slag discharge port, and then cooling to 40 ℃ by using a screw conveyor with a jacket for cooling, and conveying out;
s2, cooling the high-temperature gas phase to 60-100 ℃ in a cold oil spray tower, condensing the pyrolysis oil in the high-temperature gas phase, mixing the pyrolysis carbon black, entering a settling tank from the bottom of the cold oil spray tower, separating the carbon black from the pyrolysis oil in the settling tank, entering a pyrolysis oil temporary storage tank from the upper part of the settling tank, entering a pyrolysis oil cooler through a circulating oil pump to cool part of pyrolysis oil in the pyrolysis oil temporary storage tank to 30-50 ℃, spraying the pyrolysis oil to the cold oil spray tower, and conveying the other part of pyrolysis oil to a pyrolysis oil storage tank for storage;
s3, spraying the high-temperature gas phase, and enabling the high-temperature gas phase to enter a desulfurization and dechlorination tower from the top of the cold oil spraying tower to react with a desulfurization and dechlorination agent in the desulfurization and dechlorination tower to remove SO (sulfur and oxygen) X And HCl, the gas phase after desulfurization and dechlorination enters a pyrolysis gas buffer tank, the pyrolysis gas in the pyrolysis gas buffer tank is compressed to 1.3-1.8 MPa by a compressor and then enters a pyrolysis gas condenser, and the pyrolysis gas is condensed to 40-50 ℃ by the pyrolysis gas condenser and then enters a liquid separation tank;
s4, condensing the pyrolysis gas, then separating the pyrolysis gas in a liquid separating tank, wherein the liquid phase at the lower part of the liquid separating tank is the liquefied gas, the non-condensable gas is arranged at the upper part of the liquid separating tank, and the liquefied gas is pumped to 1.9-2.1 MPa by a liquefied gas pump and then is sent to a liquefied gas storage tank for storage, and the non-condensable gas enters a gas pipe network to provide gas for a pyrolysis furnace burner.
6. The process for cracking waste organic matter according to claim 5, wherein the cracking temperature of the waste organic matter in the step S1 is 300-550 ℃ and the pressure is 0-10 kpa.
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