CN116959936B - Combined periodic slow wave structure applied to high-power microwave device - Google Patents
Combined periodic slow wave structure applied to high-power microwave device Download PDFInfo
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- CN116959936B CN116959936B CN202310951759.7A CN202310951759A CN116959936B CN 116959936 B CN116959936 B CN 116959936B CN 202310951759 A CN202310951759 A CN 202310951759A CN 116959936 B CN116959936 B CN 116959936B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
- H01J23/16—Circuit elements, having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube and interacting with the discharge
- H01J23/24—Slow-wave structures, e.g. delay systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
- H01J23/16—Circuit elements, having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube and interacting with the discharge
- H01J23/24—Slow-wave structures, e.g. delay systems
- H01J23/26—Helical slow-wave structures; Adjustment therefor
Abstract
The invention discloses a combined periodic slow wave structure applied to a high-power microwave device, which comprises an inner conductor and an outer conductor which are rotationally symmetrical about a central axis, wherein inner conductor waves are arranged on the outer surface of the inner conductor, outer conductor waves are arranged on the inner surface of the outer conductor, the inner conductor waves and the outer conductor waves are periodic distribution structures taking two waves as one period, the depths of the two waves in each period are different, and the phase distribution of the inner conductor waves and the outer conductor waves is in-phase distribution. According to the invention, two waves with different wave depths are adopted as a slow wave period, so that the electric field distribution of a slow wave structure area is improved, and the mode selection and the mode competition inhibition under the condition of a low magnetic field wide electron beam channel are realized under the condition that structures such as a reflection cavity are not needed, so that the working mode frequency of the slow wave structure is purer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of high-power microwaves, in particular to a combined periodic slow wave structure applied to a high-power microwave device.
Background
The high-power microwave technology is an emerging subject generated along with the development of the pulse power technology, and has wide application in the military field and the civil field. As high-power microwave systems gradually move from experimental to practical applications, compact research on high-power microwave devices has received extensive attention from researchers. In a high-power microwave system, if the required guiding magnetic field is strong, a solenoid magnet or a superconducting magnet is generally used for providing the required magnetic field, and the two magnet systems are large in size and large in energy consumption, so that the compact design of the whole high-power microwave device is not facilitated, and difficulty is caused to practical application of the high-power microwave system. Therefore, the method reduces the strength of the guide magnetic field of the high-power microwave system, realizes the permanent magnet encapsulation of the high-power microwave system, even the periodic permanent magnet encapsulation, and is an important technical route for realizing the compactness of the high-power microwave system.
The space charge effect of the high-current electron beam in the coaxial structure is weaker, which is more beneficial to the low magnetic field operation of the device; furthermore, the coaxial structure provides a possibility for realizing the coaxial periodic permanent magnet package. Therefore, coaxial microwave generating devices are the focus of low magnetic field, compact research of devices. The common coaxial slow wave structure has three types, namely, the outer conductor has slow wave ripple, the inner conductor has smooth metal wall, the inner conductor has slow wave ripple, the outer conductor has smooth metal wall, and the inner conductor and the outer conductor have slow wave ripple. According to the existing research, the inner conductor and the outer conductor are both provided with slow wave structures with slow wave ripples, and the coupling impedance, the linear growth rate and the power conversion efficiency are all larger. The inner and outer conductor double-ripple structure can be divided into an inner and outer in-phase ripple slow wave structure and an inner and outer anti-phase ripple slow wave structure according to the phase relation of the inner and outer ripples. The linear growth rate of the TM01 mode of the internal and external inverted ripple slow wave structure is larger than that of the quasi-TEM mode, so that TM01 is the main working mode of the inverted ripple slow wave structure. Since the TM01 mode is not the lowest rotational symmetry mode, beam interaction using the TM01 mode may have a problem of mode competition, and the device efficiency is reduced. The research status of the inner and outer in-phase ripple slow wave structure is as follows:
northwest nuclear technology institute has conducted research on the structure of in-phase ripple slow waves inside and outside the X-band [ prior art 1: xiaoR, linY, songZ, etal.TheoreticalStudyofaPlasma-FilledRelativisticCerenkovGeneratorWith CoaxialSlow-waveStructure [ J ]. IEEETransactionPlasmaScience, 2007,35 (5): 1456-1466 ], the overall structure of the device can realize mode selection by means of slow wave structure only, and the output microwave spectrum is purer. However, the width of the channel between the inner and outer corrugations is narrower, only 2.5mm, about 0.06 wavelength, resulting in the device requiring a strong guiding magnetic field to ensure stable transmission of the electron beam, the guiding magnetic field of the device being as high as 2.6T in this study. Research on microwave oscillators with Ku-band low-magnetic-field wide-channel internal-external in-phase ripple slow wave structures is carried out by northwest nuclear technology research institute [ prior art 2: wuX, chenC, tengY, etal.AGW-levelKu-bandoversizedcoaxialrelativistic Cerenkovgeneratorwithlowguidingmagneticfield [ J ]. AIPAdvances20199 (6): 065006 ]. The electron channel of the device is wide, and the guiding magnetic field is only 0.35T. However, widening the electron channel increases the risk of mode competition, so that structures such as a reflecting cavity, a middle drifting cavity, an end extraction cavity and the like are adopted in the device to assist in mode selection, mode competition is restrained, and the device structure is complex and difficult to analyze.
Therefore, the design of the internal and external in-phase ripple slow wave structure which is simple in structure and easy to analyze can reduce the requirement of a guiding magnetic field and inhibit mode competition in the device, and has important research significance for practical application of the high-power microwave device from experimental research.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a combined periodic slow wave structure applied to a high-power microwave device so as to overcome the defects in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a be applied to combination cycle slow wave structure of high-power microwave device, includes inner conductor and outer conductor about the central axis rotational symmetry, the inner conductor surface is equipped with inner conductor ripple, outer conductor internal surface is equipped with outer conductor ripple, inner conductor ripple and outer conductor ripple are the periodic distribution structure with two ripple as a cycle, and two ripple degree of depth in every cycle are different, the phase distribution of inner conductor ripple and outer conductor ripple is homophase distribution.
Further, the inner conductor is of a cylindrical structure, and the outer conductor is of a cylindrical structure.
Further, the shallowest position of the ripple of the inner conductor coincides with the z-axis position of the deepest position of the ripple of the outer conductor.
Further, the inner conductor corrugation and the outer conductor corrugation are both trapezoidal corrugations.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: according to the invention, the combination of the two inner corrugations with different corrugation depths and the two outer corrugations with different corrugation depths is adopted as a slow wave period, so that the electric field distribution of a slow wave structure area is improved, and the mode selection and the mode competition inhibition under the condition of a low magnetic field wide electron beam channel are realized under the condition that structures such as a reflection cavity are not needed, so that the working mode frequency of the slow wave structure is purer.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a combined periodic slow wave structure applied to a high-power microwave device.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a conventional dual-ripple slow wave structure applied to a high-power microwave device.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a thermal cavity simulation of a combined periodic slow wave structure applied to a high-power microwave device.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a thermal cavity simulation of a conventional dual-ripple slow wave structure applied to a high-power microwave device.
Fig. 5 is a graph of a combined periodic slow wave structure output microwave spectrum of the present invention applied to a high power microwave device.
Fig. 6 is a graph of an output microwave spectrum of a conventional dual-ripple slow wave structure applied to a high-power microwave device.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings so that the advantages and features of the present invention can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, thereby making clear and defining the scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, this embodiment discloses a combined periodic slow wave structure applied to a high-power microwave device, including an inner conductor 1-1, an outer conductor 1-2, an inner conductor ripple 1-3, and an outer conductor ripple 1-4, it should be noted that the combined periodic slow wave structure is rotationally symmetrical about a central axis (rotationally symmetrical about an OZ axis in fig. 1), an electron beam transmission direction is in a positive Z direction, a side close to the Z axis is defined as an inner side, and a side far from the Z axis is defined as an outer side. The inner conductor 1-1 is of a cylindrical structure, the inner conductor corrugation 1-3 is positioned on the outer surface of the inner conductor, and the corrugation is trapezoid corrugation. The outer conductor 1-2 is of a cylindrical structure, the outer conductor corrugation 1-4 is located on the inner surface of the outer conductor 1-2, and the corrugation is trapezoid corrugation. The inner conductor corrugations 1-3 and the outer conductor corrugations 1-4 are each of a periodic distribution structure having two corrugations as one period, and one corrugation depth in each period is larger than the other corrugation depth, in this embodiment, that is: the inner conductor corrugations 1-3 are distributed periodically, and take two corrugations as one period, and the corrugation depth of the two corrugations is different in each period. The outer conductor corrugations 1-4 are distributed periodically, and take two corrugations as one period, and the corrugation depth of the two corrugations in each period is different. The phase distribution of the inner conductor corrugation 1-3 and the outer conductor corrugation 1-4 is in-phase distribution, namely the shallowest position 1-5 of the inner conductor corrugation is consistent with the deepest position 1-6 of the outer conductor corrugation in the z-axis direction.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a conventional double-ripple slow wave structure mainly including an inner conductor 2-1, an outer conductor 2-2, an inner conductor ripple 2-3, and an outer conductor ripple 2-4. The structure is rotationally symmetric about the OZ axis. The inner conductor 2-1 is of a cylindrical structure, the inner conductor corrugation 2-3 is positioned on the outer surface of the inner conductor, the corrugation is trapezoid corrugation, the inner conductor corrugation 2-3 is distributed periodically, a single corrugation is used as a period, and the corrugation depths are the same. The outer conductor 2-2 has a cylindrical structure. The outer conductor corrugation 2-4 is positioned on the inner surface of the outer conductor 2-2, and the corrugation is trapezoidal corrugation. The outer conductor corrugations 2-4 are periodically distributed, and the single corrugation is taken as one period, and the depths of the corrugations are the same. The phase distribution of the inner conductor corrugation 2-3 and the outer conductor corrugation 2-4 is in-phase distribution, namely the shallowest position 2-5 of the inner conductor corrugation is consistent with the deepest position 2-6 of the outer conductor corrugation in the z-axis direction.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a thermal cavity simulation of a combined periodic slow wave structure applied to a high-power microwave device. The schematic diagram mainly comprises a cathode 3-1, a strong current electron beam 3-2, a double-ripple slow wave structure 3-3 of an inner conductor and an outer conductor of a combined period and an electron channel 3-4. The cathode 3-1 has a cylindrical structure, the emission surface is a circular ring surface, the reflection mode is beam emission, and the emission direction is a positive Z direction. The combined periodic inner and outer conductor double corrugated slow wave structure 3-3 is used for the beam-wave interaction. The front and back of the combined cycle inner and outer conductor double-ripple slow wave structure 3-3 are connected with an electronic channel 3-4. Electrons are collected at the outer conductor surface.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a thermal cavity simulation of the conventional dual-ripple slow wave structure of fig. 2. The schematic diagram mainly comprises a cathode 4-1, a strong current electron beam 4-2, a traditional inner and outer conductor double-ripple slow wave structure 4-3 and an electron channel 4-4. The cathode 4-1 has a cylindrical structure, the emission surface is a circular ring surface, the reflection mode is beam emission, and the emission direction is a positive Z direction. The conventional inner and outer conductor double corrugated slow wave structure 4-3 is used for the beam-wave interaction. The front and back of the traditional inner and outer conductor double-ripple slow wave structure 4-3 are connected with an electronic channel 4-4. Electrons are collected at the outer conductor surface.
As shown in FIG. 5, the spectrum diagram of the output microwave of the combined cycle slow wave structure thermal cavity simulation of the high-power microwave device is shown, the output microwave of the invention has no other mixed frequency except the working frequency and the frequency doubling thereof, the spectrum diagram of the output microwave of the traditional double-ripple slow wave structure thermal cavity simulation of the high-power microwave device is shown in FIG. 6, and the output microwave of the invention has more mixed frequency, which indicates that the device has obvious mode competition phenomenon.
The main parameters of the present embodiment are described below:
as shown in FIG. 1, the center radius of the combined periodic slow wave structure applied to the high-power microwave device isThe outer radius of the inner conductor 1-1 is +.>The inner radius of the outer conductor 1-2 is +.>The inner radii of the inner conductor corrugations 1-3 are respectively +.>And->The deep and shallow waves alternate. The outer radii of the outer conductor corrugations 1-4 are respectively +.>And->The deep and shallow waves alternate. Each period comprises two inner waves and two outer waves, and the period length is +.>
As shown in fig. 2, a comparative conventional dual-ripple slow wave structure applied to a high-power microwave device has a center radius ofThe outer radius of the inner conductor 2-1 is +.>The inner radius of the outer conductor 2-2 is +.> The inner radius of the inner conductor corrugation 2-3 is +.>The depth of the inner corrugation is consistent. The outer radii of the outer conductor corrugations 2-4 are respectively +.>The depth of the external corrugation is consistent. Each period comprises an inner ripple and an outer ripple, and has a period length of
As shown in FIG. 3, the cathode 3-1 has a cylindrical shape, and the center radius of the cathode isCathode thickness H 1 =1.6mm. The combined periodic inner and outer conductor double-ripple slow wave structure 3-3 comprises 6.5 periods, wherein the last half period plays a role of transition and is connected with the electronic channel 3-4. The inner radius of the electron channel 3-4 is +.>The outer radius of the electron channel 3-4 is
As shown in FIG. 4, the cathode 4-1 has a cylindrical shape, and the center radius of the cathode isCathode thickness H 1 =1.6mm. The combined cycle inner and outer conductor double-ripple slow wave structure 6-3 comprises 13 cycles, wherein the last cycle plays a role of transition and is connected with the electronic channel 4-4. The inner radius of the electron channel 3-4 is +.>The outer radius of the electron channel 4-4 is
The present example performed a simulation run test under conditions of 500kV beam voltage, 3.67kA beam current, and 0.35T guiding magnetic field.
Fig. 5 is a spectrum diagram of a thermal cavity simulation output microwave with a combined cycle slow wave structure, which is applied to a high-power microwave device, wherein the frequency of the output microwave is mainly 14.09GHz, the frequency is the working frequency, and the second frequency is the double frequency 28.18GHz of the working frequency, and the frequency spectrum is relatively pure without other miscellaneous frequencies before the frequency spectrum is obtained according to fig. 1 and 3.
Fig. 6 is a spectrum diagram of output microwaves in a thermal cavity simulation of a conventional dual-ripple slow-wave structure applied to a high-power microwave device for comparison, which is obtained according to fig. 2 and 4, wherein the spectrum diagram comprises a plurality of peaks, has more impurity frequencies, and indicates that a significant mode competition phenomenon exists in the structure.
According to the invention, two inner corrugations with different corrugation depths and two outer corrugations with different corrugation depths are combined to be used as a slow wave period, so that the electric field distribution of a slow wave structure area is improved, the mode selection and the mode competition inhibition under the condition of a low magnetic field wide electron beam channel are realized, and the working mode frequency of the slow wave structure is purer. In addition, the structure such as a reflection cavity is not needed to restrain mode competition, and the structure is simple and convenient to analyze.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, the patentees may make various modifications or alterations within the scope of the appended claims, and are intended to be within the scope of the invention as described in the claims.
Claims (3)
1. The combined periodic slow wave structure is characterized by comprising an inner conductor and an outer conductor which are rotationally symmetrical about a central axis, wherein inner conductor waves are arranged on the outer surface of the inner conductor, outer conductor waves are arranged on the inner surface of the outer conductor, the inner conductor waves and the outer conductor waves are of an alternate repeated periodic distribution structure taking two waves as one period, the depths of the two waves in each period of the inner conductor waves and the outer conductor waves are different, and the phase distribution of the inner conductor waves and the outer conductor waves is in-phase distribution; the shallowest position of the ripple of the inner conductor is consistent with the z-axis position of the deepest position of the ripple of the outer conductor.
2. The combined periodic slow wave structure applied to a high-power microwave device according to claim 1, wherein the inner conductor is a cylindrical structure and the outer conductor is a cylindrical structure.
3. The combined periodic slow wave structure applied to a high-power microwave device according to claim 1, wherein the inner conductor corrugation and the outer conductor corrugation are both trapezoidal corrugations.
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Citations (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1105220A (en) * | 1965-10-04 | 1968-03-06 | Int Standard Electric Corp | Dual mode travelling wave tube |
| CN110112514A (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2019-08-09 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Method for inhibiting non-rotational symmetry mode in coaxial slow-wave high-power microwave source |
| CN115954249A (en) * | 2022-12-16 | 2023-04-11 | 电子科技大学 | Coaxial relativistic backward wave tube based on super-radiation mechanism |
| CN116313698A (en) * | 2023-03-30 | 2023-06-23 | 电子科技大学 | Broadband folding all-metal slow wave structure |
-
2023
- 2023-07-31 CN CN202310951759.7A patent/CN116959936B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1105220A (en) * | 1965-10-04 | 1968-03-06 | Int Standard Electric Corp | Dual mode travelling wave tube |
| CN110112514A (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2019-08-09 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Method for inhibiting non-rotational symmetry mode in coaxial slow-wave high-power microwave source |
| CN115954249A (en) * | 2022-12-16 | 2023-04-11 | 电子科技大学 | Coaxial relativistic backward wave tube based on super-radiation mechanism |
| CN116313698A (en) * | 2023-03-30 | 2023-06-23 | 电子科技大学 | Broadband folding all-metal slow wave structure |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| "Ku 波段径向线相对论速调管放大器的仿真与设计";阳福香 等;《强激光与粒子束》;第32卷(第10期);全文 * |
| "Theoretical Study of a Plasma-Filled Relativistic Cerenkov Generator With Coaxial Slow-Wave Structure";Xiao Renzhen, etal;《IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE》;第35卷(第5期);全文 * |
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| 高功率过模返波管中模式控制研究;廖旭;李正红;;电子科技大学学报(第03期);全文 * |
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