CN116921402A - Integrated impurity removal and separation device and kitchen waste treatment method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an integrated impurity removal and separation device which comprises a base, a box body, a feeding port, a rotating shaft, a screen body, an oversize material hopper and an undersize material hopper, wherein the rotating shaft is arranged in the box body and is provided with a plurality of obliquely arranged shearing blades; the screen body comprises an upper shaft closed cover body which is positioned at the front section of the rotating shaft and communicated with the inside of the screen body, and a lower shaft screen which is positioned at the rear section of the rotating shaft and communicated with the inside of the screen body through a lower shaft screen; the feed inlet is positioned at the rear section of the rotating shaft. Compared with the prior art, the material crushing and screening structure is formed by the rotating shaft which rotates at high speed and is distributed with the shearing blades and the screen mesh sleeved outside the rotating shaft, and the dispersed materials are thrown to be knocked and the wind power and the centrifugal force generated by the high-speed rotation are acted by the impact crushing and scattering of the materials, so that light sundries, slurry and heavy sundries are separated, and good raw material conditions are provided for the subsequent treatment process.

Description

Integrated impurity removal and separation device and kitchen waste treatment method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental protection, and relates to an integrated impurity removal and separation device and a kitchen waste treatment method.

Background

The kitchen garbage has high solid content due to a large amount of sundries, and the dry or semi-dry anaerobic digestion process is adopted at home and abroad to realize the purposes of harmless treatment and recycling. The residue (biogas residue) after anaerobic digestion is mostly utilized as resources and economic benefits by producing organic fertilizer/nutrient soil and the like. Kitchen garbage itself contains more sundries (generally about 10-30%) such as shellfish bones, ceramic chips, plastics, bamboo wood, rapeseeds/husks and the like, although most sundries can be separated and removed in the pretreatment process, a considerable part of the sundries still remain in the discharged materials after dry anaerobic treatment, if the sundries cannot be effectively separated and removed at the front end, the engineering investment, the occupied area and the operation cost for continuously producing organic fertilizers are increased, the quality and the quality of the organic fertilizers are reduced, and sharp objects can hurt people and influence the use and sales. Therefore, it is necessary to develop simple and efficient parameters of impurity removal equipment and a one-step separation removal process aiming at the anaerobic biogas residue characteristics of kitchen wastes, and the technical reliability of compost production and the land availability of products are improved.

Chinese patent CN112430159a discloses a granular fertilizer making system and operation process for kitchen waste dry anaerobic digestion biogas residues, which comprises a impurity removing and crushing system, a dehydration and aging system and a guniting and drying granulating system, wherein the impurity removing and crushing system comprises a spiral impurity remover and a wet ball mill crusher which are connected, the dehydration and aging system comprises a plate frame dehydrator, a crusher and a stack-turning and aging stacking bin which are sequentially connected, and the guniting and drying granulating system comprises a blending tank, a guniting and granulating dryer, a cooling screening machine, a crusher and a coating machine which are connected. The impurity removal and crushing section comprises: the kitchen garbage is subjected to dry anaerobic fermentation, residues are firstly conveyed to a spiral impurity removing machine in a pressing mode, impurities larger than or equal to 2cm are removed, then discharged materials are slid to a wet ball mill pulverizer, the particle size is uniform to be smaller than or equal to 50 meshes, and then the materials are conveyed to a subsequent dehydration and aging working section by a plunger pump after being buffered. The organic fertilizer produced by utilizing the biogas residues after kitchen waste anaerobic treatment is a main technical route and a resource utilization way of the current project under construction. The biogas residue impurity removal method disclosed in the patent is only for removing impurities with the size of more than 2cm by adopting a spiral impurity remover, but is not very specific because organic matters are reserved as much as possible according to the requirements of preparing organic fertilizer at the rear end, mainly removing inorganic matters and impurities affecting the quality of the organic fertilizer. The large-scale sundries (metal, glass, ceramic chips, rubber, shells, nail bones and the like) and light matters (plastic fragments, textiles, bamboo chips/sticks/blocks, vegetable seeds/husks, wood fibers and the like) which are useless for producing the organic fertilizer in kitchen garbage biogas residues are mainly removed in a targeted mode, so that the kitchen garbage biogas residues are more targeted and applicable.

Chinese patent CN111661990a discloses a biogas slurry and residue treatment device and method based on semi-dry anaerobic fermentation, the device comprises an anaerobic fermentation device, a biogas treatment device, a solid-liquid separation device, a biogas residue treatment device and a biogas slurry treatment device. The anaerobic fermentation device comprises a tank body, a stirring device, an overflow groove, a gas collecting tube and an emptying valve; the biogas treatment device comprises an air inlet, a condensing device, a liquid collecting tank, a desulfurization tank and an air outlet; the solid-liquid separation device comprises an inclined plate feeding groove, a reflux pump and a double-screw extrusion groove; the biogas residue treatment device comprises a granulator and a dryer; the biogas slurry treatment device comprises a nanofiltration membrane of a biogas slurry discharge tank and a flushing pump, and the flushing pump is connected with a excrement collecting ditch or a flushing device on the excrement collecting tank. The solid-liquid separation and biogas residue and biogas slurry treatment described in the patent are multiple steps, and technical measures for separating impurities in biogas residues are not provided, so that the effects of removing impurities and preparing resource products can not be achieved for materials with high impurity content such as kitchen waste.

Chinese patent CN110921973a discloses an integrated biogas slurry and biogas residue treatment device and method, comprising a device tower, wherein an adjusting tank, a multistage adsorption filter, a primary biochar-based anaerobic reactor, a secondary biochar-based anaerobic reactor, a biochar-based aerobic reactor, a radial sedimentation tank and a sludge emptying pipe at the bottom of the tower are sequentially arranged in the device tower from top to bottom. According to the invention, the powdered biochar is mixed in the biogas slurry, so that suspended matters in the biogas slurry can be adsorbed to form a bulk floccule to enhance the adsorption effect, and meanwhile, the growth of zoogloea in a biochemical system is facilitated, and the growth of sludge and the formation of a biological film are promoted; the invention also adopts solidified biogas residues as adsorption filler, can adsorb suspended matters and heavy metals in biogas slurry, can be mixed with residual sludge after adsorption saturation to be used as an adhesive to prepare the efficient biomass activated carbon, strengthens the adhesiveness and strength of the biomass activated carbon, realizes the recycling of biogas residues, saves the cost of the adsorbent, and simultaneously solidifies the heavy metals in the biogas residues and reduces the discharge of sludge. The impurity removal process of the biogas residues and the biogas slurry expressed by the patent mainly takes the chemical adsorption principle as a main aim to remove heavy metals, does not have technical measures and functions for separating and removing different impurities in the biogas residues, and cannot form technical support for producing organic fertilizer and other products by taking the biogas residues as raw materials.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an integrated impurity removal and separation device and a kitchen waste treatment method, which solve the problem of difficult impurity removal in kitchen waste dry anaerobic digestion residues by utilizing the impurity removal and separation device with functions of centrifugation, screening, winnowing and the like, can realize separation and removal of light fragments such as plastics, fibers and the like in one step, create conditions for composting at the rear end, and solve the problems of large occupied area, poor effect, serious odor and the like in the prior art.

The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme:

an integrated impurity removal and separation device comprises a base, a box body arranged on the base, a feed inlet arranged on the box body, a rotating shaft which is arranged in the box body and is provided with a plurality of shearing blades, a screen body which is covered outside the rotating shaft and can vibrate in a reciprocating manner, and an oversize material hopper and an undersize material hopper which are arranged at the bottom of the base;

the screen body comprises an on-shaft closed cover body arranged above the rotating shaft and an under-shaft screen arranged below the rotating shaft;

the feeding port is positioned at the rear section of the rotating shaft, and the oversize material hopper is positioned at the front section of the rotating shaft and is communicated with the inside of the sieve body; the undersize material hopper is positioned at the rear section of the rotating shaft and is communicated with the inside of the sieve body through an undersize sieve; the shearing blades are obliquely arranged, so that the shearing blades in a rotating state can crush materials and strike or sweep the materials from the rear section to the front section of the rotating shaft.

The lower part of the front section of the screen body is not provided with a screen, and the screen is 300-400mm wide in blanking hole, namely the screen material discharge hole, biogas residues can be impacted by the shearing blades when falling into the feeding hole, the shearing blades are obliquely arranged on the main shaft, the materials can be pushed in the horizontal direction when impacting the shearing blades, and the light materials can be pushed by wind power generated by rotation of the shearing blades, so that the screen material discharge hole at the front section of the screen body can be quickly moved, and a separation mechanism of the light materials and organic components is formed.

Further, a screen feeding port communicated with the feeding port is arranged on the screen.

Further, along the reciprocating vibration direction of the screen body, the outer edge of the feed inlet of the screen body is provided with a leakage-proof material plate in sliding contact with the edge of the feed inlet. In the reciprocating vibration process of the screen body, the feed inlet of the screen body is always attached to the feed inlet through the leakage-proof plate, so that materials are prevented from leaking between the screen body and the box body.

Further, the device also comprises a screen thrust transmission assembly for driving the screen body to vibrate in a reciprocating manner, wherein the screen thrust transmission assembly comprises a rotary driving motor, an eccentric rotating piece and a vibration transmission arm which are sequentially connected in a transmission manner; and two ends of the vibration transmission arm are respectively hinged with the eccentric rotating part and the screen body.

Further, the vibration direction of the screen body is parallel to the axial direction of the rotating shaft.

Further, the distance between the outer edge of the shearing blade and the screen body is 3-7 mm.

Further, the diameter of the rotating shaft is 800-1200 mm; the length of the shearing blade is 150-200mm, and the inclination angle between the shearing blade and the axial direction of the rotating shaft is 20-30 degrees.

Further, the device also comprises a rotation driving assembly for driving the rotation shaft to rotate, the rotation driving assembly comprises a main transmission motor and a transmission belt which are sequentially connected in a transmission way, one end of the rotation shaft extends out of the box body, and the transmission belt is sleeved on the extending end.

Further, the two ends of the rotating shaft extend out of the box body, and the device further comprises a non-transmission side bearing and a transmission side bearing which are sleeved at the two ends of the rotating shaft in a sliding manner.

A kitchen waste treatment method comprises the following steps:

anaerobic treatment is carried out on kitchen waste to obtain anaerobic discharge;

feeding the anaerobic discharged material into the integrated impurity removal and separation device to obtain screen feeding and screen discharging;

transporting and burying the materials outside the sieve; feeding the screen discharging material into a solid-liquid separator to obtain biogas residues and biogas slurry;

the biogas slurry is sent into a sewage treatment system and discharged after reaching standards; and (5) carrying out aerobic composting treatment on the biogas residues to obtain the organic fertilizer.

According to the invention, the process of extrusion dehydration, biogas residue aerobic composting, two-stage screening and winnowing impurity removal after kitchen waste dry anaerobic is adjusted and optimized into the process of separation impurity removal, solid-liquid separation and biogas residue aerobic fertilizer preparation, the impurity removal process section is arranged in front, the separation and removal of impurities with the size of more than 8mm and light matters are realized in one step by utilizing the slurry characteristics of the materials after anaerobic, the investment and operation cost of solid-liquid separation and aerobic composting are reduced, the biogas residue composting production process is simplified, and the subsequent addition of multi-stage impurity removal and separation is avoided. The simplified process has the advantages of simple flow, low investment, small occupied area and the like, and can also reduce the investment and the running cost of the deodorization system.

The organic matters of the digestion residues after anaerobism are partially degraded, the water content of the materials is increased, the viscosity is reduced, the organic particles are thinned, the pH value is changed from the slightly acidic to the slightly basic, and good conditions are provided for impurity removal and separation. The separation equipment with crushing, screening and wind separation functions is adopted to realize one-step separation and remove light fragments of more than 8mm, such as plastics, bamboo wood, fibers, rapeseeds, hulls and the like, so that better raw material conditions are created for rear-end composting.

After the treatment by the impurity removal and separation equipment, the reduced, refined and purified undersize (slurry) has better fluidity and conveyability, is beneficial to the separation of the solid-liquid separators in various forms such as centrifugation, extrusion, plate frames and the like at the rear end, has higher solid content, can be used for producing organic fertilizers, does not need to be additionally provided with the impurity removal equipment at the rear end, and greatly saves investment and occupied area.

Compared with the traditional mode, the process flow of the invention is greatly simplified, provides better raw material conditions for producing the organic fertilizer, can be combined with an improved organic fertilizer production process to realize organic fertilizer products with high added value, and provides a feasible technical route for realizing the comprehensive utilization of kitchen/kitchen waste resources.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following characteristics:

1) Before the separation and impurity removal procedure is adjusted to solid-liquid separation, risk hidden dangers such as pipeline blockage, equipment abrasion and the like of subsequent material conveying can be reduced, the treatment scale of subsequent process sections can be reduced, the flow of the whole recycling process is simplified, and multi-stage separation and impurity removal equipment is not required to be added at the rear end. The problems of long process flow, large occupied area, high odor treatment investment and the like of the biogas residue fermentation composting process of the current kitchen waste/kitchen waste treatment plant can be solved;

2) The materials subjected to impurity removal and decrement are subjected to a rear end liquid separation link, so that the trouble of material conveying and equipment type selection can be greatly reduced, the scale of subsequent treatment equipment facilities can be reduced, and the treatment investment and the operation cost of the subsequent treatment equipment facilities can be reduced;

3) The biogas residue composting product obtained by utilizing kitchen waste anaerobic is often rich in a large amount of plastic fragments and tiny fiber impurities, so that on one hand, the appearance and quality of the fertilizer are affected, and on the other hand, the further production of high-quality organic fertilizer through granulation and other processes is not facilitated. The primary organic fertilizer subjected to impurity removal treatment and composting fermentation by the technology can create conditions for further processing of high-quality organic fertilizer;

4) According to the invention, a material crushing and screening structure is formed by the rotating shaft which rotates at a high speed and is distributed with the shearing blades and the screen mesh sleeved outside the rotating shaft, after the material is added into the screen body from the feed inlet, the shearing blades can impact, crush and scatter the material, the scattered material is knocked and subjected to the action of wind force and centrifugal force generated by the high-speed rotation, light impurities can be blown to the oversize material outlet hopper, slurry and heavy impurities thrown to the box wall can be separated on the cylindrical screen body, and impurities exceeding the size of a grid gap are discharged from the oversize material outlet hopper. The invention realizes the prepositive separating and impurity removing functions and can provide better raw material conditions for the subsequent treatment process.

5) According to the invention, the sieve body with the reciprocating vibration function and the low-spacing design between the outer edge of the blade and the sieve body are adopted, so that the outer edge of the blade has the functions of automatically cleaning and eliminating blockage on the screen, the hidden trouble of the automatic removing device is facilitated, and the treatment process is simplified.

Drawings

Fig. 1 and fig. 2 are schematic structural diagrams of an integrated impurity removal and separation device in an embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a kitchen waste treatment method in an embodiment;

the figure indicates:

1-frame, 2-box, 3-screen frame, 4-drive side bearing, 5-non-drive side bearing, 6-axis of rotation, 7-screen thrust drive subassembly, 8-main drive motor, 9-undersize hopper, 10-oversize hopper, 11-feed inlet, 12-automatic flushing mouth of a river, 13-shearing blade.

Detailed Description

The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings and specific examples. The present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical scheme of the present invention, and a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process are given, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

Example 1:

the integrated impurity removal and separation device as shown in fig. 1 and 2 comprises a frame 1, a base arranged on the frame 1, a box body 2 arranged on the base, a feed inlet 11 arranged on the box body 2, a rotating shaft 6 arranged in the box body 2 and distributed with a plurality of shearing blades 13, a screen body 3 covered outside the rotating shaft 6 and capable of vibrating in a reciprocating manner, and an oversize material hopper 10 and an undersize material hopper 9 arranged at the bottom of the base; the screen body 3 takes the horizontal central plane of the rotating shaft as a boundary, and is divided into an on-shaft closed cover body and an off-shaft screen, the upper screen body is communicated with the feeding port 11 at the feeding side, the under-screen material hopper 9 is arranged on the base along the screen 14 and is communicated with the screen 14 of the screen body 3, the screen is not arranged at the tail end part of the screen body, and a 300-400mm over-screen material blanking area is arranged and is communicated with the over-screen material hopper 10.

The discharged kitchen garbage after dry anaerobic treatment still has higher solid content of 15-25% and residual impurities after pretreatment, and is difficult to separate and remove in one step by adopting the traditional technology and equipment. Considering that the material properties are partially changed (the water content is improved, the viscosity is reduced, the fluidity is enhanced, the organic particles are thinned, and the meta-acidity is changed into the meta-alkalinity), the embodiment provides the impurity separating and removing equipment device for the material, realizes the front impurity separating and removing function, can provide better raw material conditions for the subsequent treatment process, eliminates the hidden trouble hazards of blockage, abrasion and the like, and simplifies the treatment process.

After the material is added into the screen body 3 from the feed inlet 11, the rotating shaft 6 which rotates at high speed and is distributed with the shearing blades 13 can impact, crush and break up the material. The scattered materials are thrown under the action of wind force and centrifugal force generated by knocking and high-speed rotation, light sundries can be blown to the oversize material outlet hopper 10, slurry thrown to the wall of the box and heavy sundries can be separated on the semicircular screen 14 of the screen body 3, slurry with the size lower than that of the grid gaps can be screened out, the slurry falls into the undersize material hopper 9 through the screen, and sundries with the size exceeding the grid gaps are pushed to the tail end of the screen body along with the pushing of the rotating shaft 6 and the reciprocating swing of the screen body 3 and are also discharged from the oversize material hopper 10.

Specifically, the shearing blade 13 is used for knocking the materials, so that on one hand, sundries can be separated from water and finely crushed materials (such as lime soil, organic components, sludge and the like) to improve the recovery rate of organic matters, and on the other hand, the lime soil and organic matters adhered to light matters such as cloth, fibers, wood chips, chopsticks and the like can be separated to improve the density difference between the lime soil and the organic matters to be 0.2-0.5t/m ³ Impurities in the range can quickly pass through the sieve body under the action of wind force generated in the rotation process of the blades and the driving force along the direction of the rotating shaft, are discharged through the oversize material discharge hopper 10, and other fine components are discharged through the undersize material discharge port 9.

Experiments show that the device in the embodiment has the functions of crushing, screening and wind separation, and can remove light fragments of more than 8mm, plastics, bamboo wood, fibers, rapeseeds, hulls and the like, so that the one-step separation effect of the integrated equipment is realized. In addition, the high-speed rotation and rotation speed adjustable mode is adopted, so that the materials can be uniformly distributed in the separation space, fragments and fibers can be shredded, and the fragments and fibers are brought to the sundry outlet under the action of wind power generated by the high-speed rotation.

In some specific embodiments, the screen body 3 is provided with a screen body feeding port communicated with the feeding port 11, and the feeding port 11 and the screen body feeding port can be communicated through a flexible material channel, such as a cloth channel or a plastic channel, and the following structure can be adopted to realize connection: along the reciprocating vibration direction of the screen body 3, the outer edge of the feed inlet of the screen body is provided with a leakage-proof material plate in sliding contact with the edge of the feed inlet 11, so that in the reciprocating vibration process, the feed inlet of the screen body is always positioned below the feed inlet 11, and a gap generated between the feed inlet of the screen body and the feed inlet 11 due to the reciprocating vibration is blocked by the leakage-proof material plate, so that materials are prevented from leaking into the gap between the screen body 3 and the box body 2, and the whole feed falling into the screen body 3 is ensured.

In some specific embodiments, an automatic flushing water port 12 is further arranged at the feeding port 11, so that the interior of the device can be flushed by external cleaning water.

In some specific embodiments, the device further comprises a screen thrust transmission assembly for driving the screen body 3 to vibrate in a reciprocating manner, wherein the screen thrust transmission assembly comprises a rotary driving motor, an eccentric rotating piece and a vibration transmission arm which are connected in a sequential transmission manner; two ends of the vibration transmission arm are respectively hinged with the eccentric rotating piece and the screen body 3.

In some embodiments, the direction of movement of the vibration-driven arm is axially aligned with the axis of rotation 6, i.e., the direction of vibration of the screen 3 is axially parallel to the axis of rotation 6.

In some specific embodiments, the interval between the outer edges of the shearing blades 13 and the screen body 3 is 3-7 mm, so that materials clamped on the screen body 3 are scraped off through the outer edges of the shearing blades 13 in the vibration process, screen blocking is avoided, self-cleaning is realized, and meanwhile, materials falling into the gap between the shearing blades 13 are crushed and lifted again, so that the influence on the screening efficiency of the device due to the generation of blind areas is avoided. Preferably the spacing is 5mm.

In some specific embodiments, the shearing blades 13 and the screen body 3 can be overhauled and replaced through a quick-open type overhaul port, and screens with different grid seams of 20mm, 12mm, 6mm and the like can be replaced as required, so that the requirements of various fine composting treatments are met.

In some specific embodiments, the diameter of the rotating shaft 6 is 800-1200mm, and the large diameter of the rotating shaft 6 is utilized to avoid equipment blockage caused by winding slender sundries in biogas residues on the shaft; the length of the shearing blade 13 is 150-200mm, and the inclination angle between the shearing blade and the axial direction of the rotating shaft 6 is 20-30 degrees.

In some specific embodiments, the device further comprises a rotation driving assembly for driving the rotation shaft 6 to rotate, the rotation driving assembly comprises a main transmission motor 8 and a transmission belt which are sequentially connected in a transmission manner, one end of the rotation shaft 6 extends out of the box body 2, and the transmission belt is sleeved on the extending end. In addition, the two ends of the rotating shaft 6 preferably extend out of the box 2, and the device further comprises a non-transmission side bearing 5 and a transmission side bearing 4 which are sleeved on the two ends of the rotating shaft 6 in a sliding manner.

A kitchen waste treatment method, as shown in figure 3, comprises the following steps:

1) Anaerobic treatment is carried out on kitchen waste to obtain anaerobic discharge;

2) Feeding the anaerobic discharged material into the integrated impurity removal and separation device to obtain screen feeding and screen discharging;

3) Screening and feeding, mainly comprising big shellfish bones, plastic fragments, bamboo wood fragments, light fibers, shell rapeseeds and the like, and collecting and transporting the mixture through a discharge hole for disposal;

the screen blanking is conveyed to a solid-liquid separator through a screw conveyor or a screw pump, and the solid-liquid separator can be used for solid-liquid separation by adopting a screw extruder, a horizontal centrifuge or a plate-and-frame filter press which are conventional in the market to obtain biogas residues and biogas slurry;

4) The biogas slurry is sent into a sewage treatment system and discharged after reaching standards;

the biogas residues can be used as raw materials of aerobic composting, and the aerobic composting adopts a groove type composting bin or a film-covered composting process. In order to adjust the moisture of materials and quickly start the fermentation process, a mode of 10% -20% of composting discharge back mixing is adopted, the back materials and the raw materials are evenly mixed and blended, and the mixture enters a fermentation bin for aerobic composting. In the composting process, air is provided for the pile body through a blast system set by a control program, the change trend of the pile body temperature is monitored until the aerobic fermentation process is finished, and the organic fertilizer is obtained after deep processing or metering packaging.

Example 2:

the integrated impurity removal and separation device shown in fig. 1-2 can be used for the treatment of anaerobic discharge of kitchen waste, and comprises the following components:

the anaerobic material (generally with water content of 85% -90%) is conveyed to a feed inlet by a screw conveyor, enters a screen body 2 of the impurity removal and separation device from the feed inlet, a rotating shaft 6 which is horizontally arranged is arranged in the box body 2, and is driven to rotate by a main transmission motor 8 of a transmission part; the rotating shaft 6 is connected and supported by the transmission side bearing seat 5 and the non-transmission side bearing seat 4. The shafts are provided with a plurality of shearing blades 13 with a certain inclination angle and even distribution. The rotating shaft 6 rotates at a high speed, and the blades impact and crush and break up materials. The scattered materials are knocked, and under the action of wind force and centrifugal force, light sundries are blown to the oversize material discharge hopper 10, slurry thrown to the wall of the box and heavy sundries are separated on the cylindrical screen body 3, and sundries exceeding the size of a grid gap are discharged from the oversize material discharge hopper 10; the cylindrical screen body 3 is composed of a plurality of stainless steel screens, the screens are composed of stainless steel wedge-shaped grid bars with 8mm grid gaps (the gaps can be adjusted by replacing the screens), and the screens can be cleaned, overhauled and replaced through the overhauling cabin door. The screen body of the device is horizontally pushed in a reciprocating manner by the screen thrust transmission assembly 7, and the self-cleaning anti-blocking function can be achieved. The solid phase and slurry crushed by knocking and shearing are collected in an undersize material hopper 9 and are conveyed to a subsequent solid-liquid separation unit through a screw conveyor, and are extruded or centrifugally dewatered. And (5) separating solid slag and returning materials after composting. After being evenly mixed by a distributing machine, the mixture is distributed in a compost fermentation bin, the aerobic fermentation process is started, and after the compost is turned over and thrown for 14-21 days, the mixture is cured, the mixture can be used as an organic fertilizer product. The device can realize rotation speed adjustment of the rotating shaft and horizontal movement distance and speed adjustment of the screen body through an electric control system, can realize overload alarm and automatic shutdown, and the oversize products are discharged through the oversize product discharge hopper 10. In addition, the automatic flushing function of the equipment can be realized through the automatic flushing water port 12, a flushing water pipe is arranged at the upper end of the screen body 3, a plurality of flushing water ports are obliquely arranged, electromagnetic valves are arranged at the flushing water ports, and different flushing flows are set according to different treatment materials and the dirt degree of the screen.

According to the design throughput difference, the integrated impurity removal and separation device adopts a rotating shaft with the diameter of 800-1200mm, the length of the blade is 150-200mm, the inclination angle is 20-30 degrees, equipment is started firstly during operation, and the large diameter of the rotating shaft 6 is utilized to prevent the elongated impurities in biogas residues from being wound on the shaft to cause equipment blockage. After the equipment reaches the rated rotation speed, the material can start to feed, and the material falls into the screen body through the feed inlet 11, collides with the blades, forms knocking on the material under the strong moment of inertia of the rotation shaft, on one hand, can separate sundries from water and finely divided materials (such as lime, organic components, sludge and the like) to improve the recovery rate of organic matters, and on the other hand, can separate the lime and organic matters attached to light matters such as cloth, fiber, wood chip, chopsticks and the like to improve the density difference between the two, and the density is 0.2-0.5t/m ³ Impurities in the range can quickly pass through the sieve body 3 under the action of wind force generated in the rotation process of the blades and the driving force along the direction of the rotating shaft, are discharged through the oversize material discharge hopper 10, and other fine components are discharged through the undersize material discharge port 9.

The length-diameter ratio of the sieve body of the integrated impurity removal equipment is about 3-3.5:1, the gap between the blades and the sieve body 3 is 5mm, the arrangement range of the sieve is a range of 180 degrees below the horizontal plane of the center of the rotating shaft, the sieve is of a detachable structure, the sieve is fixed on the sieve body through a pin shaft and can be detached, and the sieve in the gap range of 6mm-20mm can be replaced according to different material characteristics and separation requirements. The screen cloth material is 304 stainless steel, is wedge structure, in wedging screen cloth fixed frame, towards material one side for effective screen cloth clearance, the ejection of compact clearance forms trapezium structure, can effectively avoid ejection of compact unsmooth scheduling problem, can fall into the receiving hopper fast through the material of sieve face under the paddle effect, avoids the screen cloth to stop up. In addition, the screen can swing reciprocally under the action of the thrust transmission device, the effective swing distance is approximately equal to the clearance between the two shearing blades 13, namely, in the running process, the whole screen surface can be cleaned under the action of the blades. The swing frequency of the screen is 20-30rpm, namely the screen is in a self-cleaning period at any time, so that the condition that the screening effect is affected due to the blockage of the screen and the reduction of pores can be effectively avoided, and higher impurity separation efficiency (more than 80%) and lower organic matter loss rate (less than 10%) can be obtained. Meanwhile, the water content of the components of the oversize products is less than 50 percent because the oversize products are fully cleaned.

The integrated impurity removal and separation device in the embodiment can realize impurity removal functions with various specification requirements of 6mm, 8mm, 12mm, 20mm and the like according to the specification of the screen mesh used in the screen body 3, the impurity removal rate is more than or equal to 80%, and the organic loss rate is less than or equal to 10%;

experiments show that after the separation and impurity removal of the embodiment, the material amount for producing the organic fertilizer by removing the kitchen waste after anaerobic treatment is reduced by about 10%, the treatment scale of the subsequent process is correspondingly reduced, the production flow of the organic fertilizer is correspondingly simplified, the investment is saved by about 15% -20% and the occupied area is reduced by 10% -15% compared with the existing treatment process;

the previous description of the embodiments is provided to facilitate a person of ordinary skill in the art in order to make and use the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications can be readily made to these embodiments and the generic principles described herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of the inventive faculty. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and those skilled in the art, based on the present disclosure, should make improvements and modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An integrated impurity removal and separation device is characterized by comprising a base, a box body (2) arranged on the base, a feed inlet (11) arranged on the box body (2), a rotating shaft (6) arranged in the box body (2) and distributed with a plurality of shearing blades (13), a screen body (3) covered outside the rotating shaft (6) and capable of vibrating in a reciprocating manner, and an oversize material hopper (10) and an undersize material hopper (9) arranged at the bottom of the base;

the screen body (3) comprises an on-shaft closed cover body arranged above the rotating shaft (6) and an under-shaft screen arranged below the rotating shaft (6);

the feeding hole (11) is positioned at the rear section of the rotating shaft (6), and the on-screen material hopper (10) is positioned at the front section of the rotating shaft (6) and is communicated with the inside of the screen body (3); the undersize material hopper (9) is positioned at the rear section of the rotating shaft (6) and is communicated with the inside of the screen body (3) through an undersize screen; the shearing blades (13) are obliquely arranged, so that the shearing blades (13) in a rotating state can crush materials and strike or blow the materials from the rear section to the front section of the rotating shaft (6).

2. The integrated impurity removal and separation device according to claim 1, wherein the sieve body (3) is provided with a sieve body feed port communicated with the feed port (11).

3. The integrated impurity removal and separation device according to claim 2, wherein a leakage-proof plate in sliding contact with the edge of the feed inlet (11) is arranged at the outer edge of the feed inlet of the sieve body along the reciprocating vibration direction of the sieve body (3).

4. The integrated impurity removal and separation device according to claim 1, further comprising a screen thrust transmission assembly for driving the screen body (3) to vibrate in a reciprocating manner, wherein the screen thrust transmission assembly comprises a rotary driving motor, an eccentric rotary part and a vibration transmission arm which are sequentially connected in a transmission manner; the two ends of the vibration transmission arm are respectively hinged with the eccentric rotating part and the screen body (3).

5. The integrated impurity removal and separation device according to claim 1, wherein the vibration direction of the sieve body (3) is parallel to the axial direction of the rotating shaft (6).

6. The integrated impurity removal and separation device according to claim 5, wherein the distance between the outer edge of the shearing blade (13) and the screen body (3) is 3-7 mm.

7. The integrated impurity removal and separation device according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the rotating shaft (6) is 800-1200 mm; the length of the shearing blade (13) is 150-200mm, and the inclination angle between the shearing blade and the axial direction of the rotating shaft (6) is 20-30 degrees.

8. The integrated impurity removal and sorting device according to claim 1, further comprising a rotation driving assembly for driving the rotation shaft (6) to rotate, wherein the rotation driving assembly comprises a main transmission motor (8) and a transmission belt which are sequentially connected in a transmission manner, one end of the rotation shaft (6) extends out of the box body (2), and the transmission belt is sleeved on the extending end.

9. The integrated impurity removal and separation device according to claim 1, wherein the two ends of the rotating shaft (6) extend out of the box body (2),

the device also comprises a non-transmission side bearing (5) and a transmission side bearing (4) which are sleeved at two ends of the rotating shaft (6) in a sliding way.

10. The kitchen waste treatment method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

anaerobic treatment is carried out on kitchen waste to obtain anaerobic discharge;

feeding the anaerobic discharged material into an integrated impurity removal and separation device according to any one of claims 1 to 9 to obtain a screen material and a screen material;

transporting and burying the materials outside the sieve; feeding the screen discharging material into a solid-liquid separator to obtain biogas residues and biogas slurry;

the biogas slurry is sent into a sewage treatment system and discharged after reaching standards; and (5) carrying out aerobic composting treatment on the biogas residues to obtain the organic fertilizer.