CN116918621A - Preparation method of ventilation insect-resistant mulching film containing benzoyl peroxide negative heat material - Google Patents
Preparation method of ventilation insect-resistant mulching film containing benzoyl peroxide negative heat material Download PDFInfo
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- CN116918621A CN116918621A CN202310903358.4A CN202310903358A CN116918621A CN 116918621 A CN116918621 A CN 116918621A CN 202310903358 A CN202310903358 A CN 202310903358A CN 116918621 A CN116918621 A CN 116918621A
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 127
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 239000004342 Benzoyl peroxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoylperoxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 235000019400 benzoyl peroxide Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 229910000174 eucryptite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 240000002234 Allium sativum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 235000004611 garlic Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000002362 mulch Substances 0.000 claims description 107
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 101
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 79
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 78
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 69
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 52
- QZPSOSOOLFHYRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxypropyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound OCCCOC(=O)C=C QZPSOSOOLFHYRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 50
- 235000020706 garlic extract Nutrition 0.000 claims description 49
- 239000006000 Garlic extract Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 229920002681 hypalon Polymers 0.000 claims description 36
- ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium persulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910001870 ammonium persulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004552 water soluble powder Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- 241000500437 Plutella xylostella Species 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 62
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 53
- 239000000077 insect repellent Substances 0.000 description 25
- 240000007124 Brassica oleracea Species 0.000 description 17
- 235000003899 Brassica oleracea var acephala Nutrition 0.000 description 17
- 235000011301 Brassica oleracea var capitata Nutrition 0.000 description 17
- 235000001169 Brassica oleracea var oleracea Nutrition 0.000 description 17
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 14
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 13
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 12
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
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- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 5
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000010149 Brassica rapa subsp chinensis Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000000536 Brassica rapa subsp pekinensis Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 241000499436 Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- LDXJRKWFNNFDSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)-1-[4-[2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]ethanone Chemical compound C1CN(CC2=NNN=C21)CC(=O)N3CCN(CC3)C4=CN=C(N=C4)NCC5=CC(=CC=C5)OC(F)(F)F LDXJRKWFNNFDSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 2
- KZEVSDGEBAJOTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)-2-[5-[2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidin-5-yl]-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]ethanone Chemical compound N1N=NC=2CN(CCC=21)C(CC=1OC(=NN=1)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)=O KZEVSDGEBAJOTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000234280 Liliaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010027146 Melanoderma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000500439 Plutella Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037237 body shape Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006482 condensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012041 food component Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000749 insecticidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002917 insecticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940051841 polyoxyethylene ether Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920000056 polyoxyethylene ether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010526 radical polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011369 resultant mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- DAJSVUQLFFJUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;dodecane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCS([O-])(=O)=O DAJSVUQLFFJUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0268—Mats or sheets, e.g. nets or fabrics
- A01G13/0275—Films
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M1/00—Stationary means for catching or killing insects
- A01M1/20—Poisoning, narcotising, or burning insects
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F255/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of hydrocarbons as defined in group C08F10/00
- C08F255/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of hydrocarbons as defined in group C08F10/00 on to polymers of olefins having two or three carbon atoms
- C08F255/023—On to modified polymers, e.g. chlorinated polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F261/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of oxygen-containing monomers as defined in group C08F16/00
- C08F261/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of oxygen-containing monomers as defined in group C08F16/00 on to polymers of unsaturated alcohols
- C08F261/04—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of oxygen-containing monomers as defined in group C08F16/00 on to polymers of unsaturated alcohols on to polymers of vinyl alcohol
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/36—After-treatment
- C08J9/365—Coating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D151/00—Coating compositions based on graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D151/003—Coating compositions based on graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers grafted on to macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/14—Paints containing biocides, e.g. fungicides, insecticides or pesticides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/60—Additives non-macromolecular
- C09D7/61—Additives non-macromolecular inorganic
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M2200/00—Kind of animal
- A01M2200/01—Insects
- A01M2200/012—Flying insects
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2323/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2323/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
- C08J2323/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08J2323/06—Polyethene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2327/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2327/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08J2327/04—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing chlorine atoms
- C08J2327/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl chloride
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2451/00—Characterised by the use of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Derivatives of such polymers
Abstract
The invention provides a ventilation insect-resistant mulching film containing a benzoyl peroxide negative thermal material and a preparation method thereof, wherein a mask layer and an insect-resistant ventilation layer are sequentially arranged on the mulching film from top to bottom, ventilation holes are distributed on the mask layer, the insect-resistant ventilation layer has a temperature-regulated ventilation function and an insect-resistant function, the insect-resistant ventilation layer is composed of a garlic extract-hydroxypropyl acrylate-styrene-chlorosulfonated polyethylene-polyvinyl alcohol copolymer composite negative thermal material, and the negative thermal material is benzoyl peroxide-loaded beta-eucryptite. The prepared mulching film can improve the concentration of carbon dioxide gas in a mulching film covering space through ventilation, so that photosynthesis of crops is improved, meanwhile, the performance of the mulching film for resisting the invasion of cabbage moth is effectively improved, and the growth and development of the crops are facilitated.
Description
Technical field:
the invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural mulching films, and particularly relates to a ventilation insect-resistant mulching film containing benzoyl peroxide negative heat material.
The background technology is as follows:
Green vegetables are indispensable in daily catering of Chinese people, and if good green vegetable harvest is to be obtained in agricultural production, the requirements of the vegetables on soil temperature and humidity in the planting process are required to be ensured. The main purpose of the mulching film material is to cover the surface of agricultural soil with the film material to raise the temperature and humidity of the soil, so that green vegetables in cold weather can be obtained with higher yield, and the mulching film is an indispensable auxiliary production material in China agricultural production at present. In addition to the high demands on soil temperature and humidity, the growth of green vegetables also requires consideration of photosynthesis of green vegetables and prevention of occurrence of insect pests. Photosynthesis of green vegetables means that the vegetables are inhaling CO into the environment 2 Gas, CO 2 The molecules are converted into nutritional components required by the growth of crops, but when the crops are in a closed space, if the crops can not be timely ventilated, CO in the closed environment is caused 2 The concentration of the gas is reduced continuously, and when the CO is in a closed environment 2 When the concentration is lower than 300ppm, photosynthesis of crops can be inhibited, and problems of slow growth, flower and fruit dropping, yield reduction and the like of vegetables are caused. In addition, the problem of plant diseases and insect pests of green vegetables needs to be considered in the planting process, and the plant diseases and insect pests are very necessary because after the temperature and the humidity of agricultural soil covered by a plastic film are improved, the plant diseases and insect pests in the soil are also facilitated to grow, the plant diseases and insect pests often eat the leaves of the vegetables, and the growth of the green vegetables is extremely damaged. The traditional mulching film used at present is mostly plastic mulching film made of polyethylene or polyvinyl chloride, and when the traditional mulching film is used, the whole plastic mulching film is paved on the soil surface, namely, the mulching film paving operation is completed. The operation mode of the mulching film is simple and convenient, but because The traditional plastic mulching films are airtight, so that a closed environment is formed in the space covered by the traditional plastic mulching films, and the space gas covered by the traditional plastic mulching films cannot be enriched with CO from the outside 2 Is exchanged with fresh air. Meanwhile, the traditional plastic mulching film has single function, if diseases and insect pests occur in farmland soil, holes are needed to be broken in the traditional plastic mulching film (sometimes, the whole mulching film is lifted), and then pesticides and the like capable of inhibiting the growth of harmful bacteria or insect pests in the soil are applied. However, the ground film after the holes is broken is difficult to prevent the water and heat in the soil from diffusing outwards, so that the heat preservation and water retention effects of the ground film on the soil are seriously weakened, and the ground film is unfavorable for increasing the yield and income of agriculture. Therefore, on the basis of the traditional mulching film, the development of mulching film products which do not need to break holes on the mulching film for deinsectization and also have certain ventilation and insect pest resistance functions is of great significance.
The invention comprises the following steps:
in order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a ventilation insect-resistant mulching film containing a benzoyl peroxide negative heat material and a preparation method thereof.
The ventilation insect-resistant mulching film is characterized in that a mask layer (1) and an insect-resistant air exchange layer (2) are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, air holes (11) are distributed in the mask layer, the insect-resistant air exchange layer is composed of a garlic extract-hydroxypropyl acrylate-styrene-chlorosulfonated polyethylene-polyvinyl alcohol copolymer composite negative thermal material, the negative thermal material (21) is beta-eucryptite loaded with benzoyl peroxide, and the garlic extract-hydroxypropyl acrylate-styrene-chlorosulfonated polyethylene-polyvinyl alcohol copolymer composite negative thermal material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-30 parts of garlic extract, 15-30 parts of hydroxypropyl acrylate, 1-5 parts of styrene, 1-5 parts of chlorosulfonated polyethylene, 20-40 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and 4-12 parts of negative heat material; the preparation method of the ventilation insect-resistant mulching film containing the benzoyl peroxide negative thermal material comprises the following steps:
(1) 1 part by weight of benzoyl peroxide is dissolved in 99 parts by weight of toluene solvent to obtain solution A, then, beta-eucryptite with the particle size of 100-32 meshes and 30 parts by weight is soaked in the solution A for 15 hours at 25 ℃, the soaked beta-eucryptite is taken out, and the beta-eucryptite negative thermal material loaded with benzoyl peroxide is obtained after air drying for 10 hours at room temperature, wherein the weight of the benzoyl peroxide accounts for 0.1-0.12% of the total weight of the beta-eucryptite negative thermal material loaded with benzoyl peroxide;
(2) Dissolving 1-5 parts by weight of chlorosulfonated polyethylene in 1-5 parts by weight of styrene in a container to obtain a solution B; dissolving 0.65 weight part of ammonium persulfate initiator in 10 weight parts of deionized water to obtain solution C; then 10-30 parts by weight of garlic extract, 2.9-3.2 parts by weight of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 3.9-4.3 parts by weight of OP-10 emulsifier, 20-40 parts by weight of polyvinyl alcohol and 107-258 parts by weight of deionized water are added into the solution B, and the mixture is stirred for 30 minutes at room temperature at the rotating speed of 350-360r/min to obtain emulsion D;
(3) Heating a container containing emulsion D to 82 ℃ in a water bath, taking out 4-12 parts by weight of the benzoyl peroxide-loaded beta-eucryptite negative thermal material particles obtained in the step (1), adding into the emulsion D, dropwise adding 15-30 parts by weight of hydroxypropyl acrylate into the emulsion D under stirring, wherein the dropwise adding speed is 1 drop every 2 seconds, and the stirring speed is 250r/min; simultaneously, dropwise adding hydroxypropyl acrylate into the emulsion D, wherein the dropwise adding speed of the solution C obtained in the step (2) is 1 drop per 5 seconds;
(4) After the dropwise addition of the hydroxypropyl acrylate and the solution C in the step (3) is finished, heating the reaction system to 85 ℃, and stirring at the constant temperature for reacting for 5 hours, wherein the stirring speed is 250r/min; after the constant-temperature stirring reaction is finished, cooling the obtained mixed solution to room temperature, and then adding concentrated ammonia water to adjust the pH of the mixed solution to be neutral to obtain emulsion E;
(5) Coating the emulsion E obtained in the step (4) on the surface of a mask layer, controlling the thickness of the emulsion E layer to be 0.18-0.5mm, and drying at room temperature to obtain an insect prevention and air exchange layer which is adhered to the surface of the mask layer and consists of a garlic extract-hydroxypropyl acrylate-styrene-chlorosulfonated polyethylene-polyvinyl alcohol copolymer composite negative thermal material;
the ventilation insect-resistant mulching film containing the benzoyl peroxide negative heat material can be obtained through the steps (1) - (5).
Wherein the mask layerThe mask layer is made of polyethylene or polyvinyl chloride, the pore size of the ventilation holes distributed on the mask layer is 0.5-3mm, and the distribution density of the ventilation holes is 5-20/m 2 。
The invention is different from the prior art in that the invention achieves the following technical effects:
the experimental results of the effect embodiment show that the mulch film prepared by the invention has the function of improving the concentration of carbon dioxide gas in a mulch film coverage space, improving the photosynthesis of crops, and simultaneously, effectively improving the effect of cabbage against the invasion of plutella xylostella insects. This is because of the following factors:
1. The insect-proof air exchange layer consists of a garlic extract-hydroxypropyl acrylate-styrene-chlorosulfonated polyethylene-polyvinyl alcohol copolymer composite negative thermal material, wherein the negative thermal material is beta-eucryptite loaded with benzoyl peroxide, the negative thermal material is a material with a heated volume which can shrink and a cooled volume which can expand, and the beta-eucryptite is a negative thermal expansion material with excellent performance, and can trigger the negative thermal expansion behavior at normal temperature and lower temperature (see document 1: schulz H., thermal expansion of beta eucryptite, journal of The American Ceramic Society,1974,57 (7), 313-318). Therefore, when the temperature in the daytime is high, the volume of the beta-eucryptite negative thermal material correspondingly contracts, so that the negative thermal material particles are separated from the macromolecular matrix of the garlic extract-hydroxypropyl acrylate-styrene-chlorosulfonated polyethylene-polyvinyl alcohol copolymer to a certain extent, pores are formed on the insect-proof air exchange layer, and the pores can enable air with higher temperature in the daytime to be exchanged into a plastic film covered space, so that CO in the outside air is exchanged 2 Supplementing the space covered by the plastic film. When the temperature of the environment is reduced without irradiation of sunlight at night, the volume of the negative thermal material particles can expand along with the reduction of the ambient temperature, and then the pores between the negative thermal material particles and the polymer matrix are reduced (or closed), so that cold air at night is difficult to exchange into a space covered by the mulching film, the temperature of the covered soil is maintained by the mulching film, and the effect of protecting crops covered by the mulching film from being damaged by the cold air at night is also achieved.
2. The negative thermal material in the insect-proof air-exchanging layer is beta-eucryptite loaded with benzoyl peroxide, and the benzoyl peroxide can trigger an organic monomer with double bonds to generate free radical polymerization reaction, so that the beta-eucryptite loaded with benzoyl peroxide can trigger hydroxypropyl acrylate and styrene monomer in the system to polymerize on the surface of negative thermal material particles to form a layer of high molecular shell which has certain strength and is compact and wraps the surfaces of the negative thermal material particles, which is favorable for forming temperature-controllable pores in the insect-proof air-exchanging layer (for this, the invention further describes the working principle analysis of the mulch film).
3. The hydroxypropyl acrylate and the styrene in the garlic extract-hydroxypropyl acrylate-styrene-chlorosulfonated polyethylene-polyvinyl alcohol copolymer can promote the formation of emulsion and ensure that the copolymer has good film forming property, chlorosulfonated polyethylene has the function of improving the flexibility of a formed film, in addition, chlorosulfonated polyethylene can be well dissolved in styrene, and when styrene monomers undergo copolymerization reaction, the styrene can ensure that the chlorosulfonated polyethylene has better compatibility with other components in the copolymer and ensures that the molecular chains of the chlorosulfonated polyethylene are interwoven with other high molecular chains in the copolymer at the molecular level to form the copolymer with more uniform distribution of the components.
4. The hydroxypropyl acrylate monomer structure in the garlic extract-hydroxypropyl acrylate-styrene-chlorosulfonated polyethylene-polyvinyl alcohol copolymer has a double bond and an ester bond, and also has a hydrophilic hydroxyl group, and the copolymer also comprises a polyvinyl alcohol component with strong hydrophilicity, and the hydroxypropyl acrylate component and the polyvinyl alcohol component in the insect-proof air-exchanging layer can endow the insect-proof air-exchanging layer with excellent hydrophilicity, so that the contact angle of water drops on the surface of the insect-proof air-exchanging layer is smaller, and condensed water drops are quickly spread on the surface of the insect-proof air-exchanging layer and flow away. Because no (or less) water drops are formed on the surface of the insect-proof air exchange layer of the mulching film, sunlight is easy to penetrate through the mulching film to directly irradiate the soil surface covered by the mulching film, and meanwhile, the absorption of the water drops on solar energy is reduced, so that the insect-proof air exchange mulching film is beneficial to efficiently utilizing the solar energy and maintaining the soil covered by the mulching film to have higher temperature. Meanwhile, as no (or less) water drops are formed on the surface of the insect prevention and ventilation layer of the mulching film, the surface of the insect prevention and ventilation layer can be in direct contact with the crop growing environment under the mulching film, and the effect of the insect prevention and ventilation layer on insect prevention and control can be exerted greatly.
5. The garlic extract in the garlic extract-hydroxypropyl acrylate-styrene-chlorosulfonated polyethylene-polyvinyl alcohol copolymer is a water-soluble powdery product prepared by taking garlic bulbs of the lily family as raw materials, heating, extracting, concentrating under reduced pressure and spray drying, wherein the garlic extract keeps the original active ingredients of the plants, and is easy to dissolve in water and store. The literature ([ 2]Dougoud J,Toepfer S,Bateman M,et al.Efficacy of homemade botanical insecticides based on traditional knowledge.A review[J ]. Agronomy for Sustainable Development,2019,39,37; [3]Prowse G M,Galloway T S,Andrew F.Insecticidal activity of garlic juice in two dipteran pests[J ]. Agricultural and Forest Entomology,2006,8,1-6; [4] Wang Yunfan, wang Gang ] preliminary studies on the prevention and treatment of cabbage black spot by garlic extract [ J ]. Proc. Chongqing academy of sciences (Nature science edition), 2008,10 (5), 61-63.), all mentions that garlic extract can be used as a natural botanical pesticide for agricultural production. However, it should be noted that the garlic extract itself does not have film forming properties, and it alone does not cover the soil surface as effectively as a film, and does not effectively raise the temperature and humidity of the soil. Meanwhile, the garlic extract has no good adhesion, and the garlic extract alone cannot be stably adhered to a polyethylene or polyvinyl chloride plastic film to form an effective insect-proof air exchange layer.
6. The mask layer is distributed with ventilation holes, and the outside is rich in CO 2 Fresh air of the air conditioner can enter the insect prevention and ventilation layer at the lower layer through the air holes and then enter the space covered by the plastic film.
Document 5 (CN 112806199 a) reports a breathable and drip-free mulch film, which is provided with a mask layer, a temperature-adjustable ventilation layer and a hydrophilic layer from top to bottom in sequence, and the prepared mulch film has the functions of increasing the carbon dioxide gas concentration and reducing the ammonia gas concentration in the mulch film covered space, and meanwhile, no obvious water drops are formed on the inner surface of the mulch film, so that the higher soil temperature can be maintained. However, the mulching film described in document 5 can only ventilate, but has no insect-proof function. Compared with the mulching film disclosed by the invention in the document 5, the mulching film disclosed by the invention not only can be used for ventilation, but also can prevent insect damage, and is more beneficial to agricultural production.
The working principle of the insect-proof ventilation mulch film prepared by the invention is analyzed as follows:
in the preparation step (1), the beta-eucryptite particles are placed in toluene solution containing benzoyl peroxide, benzoyl peroxide molecules in the solution are adsorbed on the surfaces of the beta-eucryptite particles, so that a benzoyl peroxide-loaded beta-eucryptite negative thermal material is formed, wherein the weight of the adsorbed benzoyl peroxide can account for 0.1-0.12% of the total weight of the benzoyl peroxide-loaded beta-eucryptite negative thermal material; compared with beta-eucryptite without benzoyl peroxide, beta-eucryptite negative thermal material particles with benzoyl peroxide can trigger hydroxypropyl acrylate and styrene monomer molecules to generate polymerization reaction on the surfaces of the negative thermal material particles, so that a polymer shell formed on the surfaces of the negative thermal material particles is of a compact structure instead of a soft structure, and the polymer shell of the compact structure has good rigidity and small deformability, and when the ambient temperature in daytime rises, the negative thermal material contracts, and the compact polymer shell wrapping the negative thermal material particles is not easy to deform due to good rigidity and difficult to contract along with the contraction of the negative thermal material, so that gaps are formed between the surfaces of the negative thermal material particles and the compact polymer shell, and an exchange channel of indoor and outdoor gas is opened. When the ambient temperature at night is reduced, the particles of the negative thermal material expand to the surrounding polymer shells, so that gaps between the negative thermal material and the polymer shells are closed, namely, the exchange channels of indoor and outdoor gases are closed, and cold air at night cannot enter the space covered by the plastic film.
The steps (2) - (4) in the preparation step are reaction steps for preparing the composite negative thermal material emulsion containing garlic extract-hydroxypropyl acrylate-styrene-chlorosulfonated polyethylene-polyvinyl alcohol copolymer, and in the emulsion preparation step, chlorosulfonated polyethylene is firstly dissolved in styrene, and because the chlorosulfonated polyethylene is very good in solubility in styrene, the chlorosulfonated polyethylene is not easy to form particles or caking in the emulsion, and cross-interpenetrating with other high polymer chains in a molecular form to form a high polymer copolymer with uniformly distributed components. In the steps (2) - (4), the ammonium persulfate initiator can initiate the polymerization reaction of hydroxypropyl acrylate and styrene monomer molecules with double bonds in the solution; sodium dodecyl sulfonate and OP-10 (an industrial raw material, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether obtained by condensation reaction of alkylphenol and ethylene oxide, which is a model in the OP series of emulsifiers) play the role of an emulsifier, and the copolymer generated after the polymerization reaction can be formed into oil-in-water small particles to be suspended in a solution to form emulsion.
The preparation step (5) is to coat the garlic extract-hydroxypropyl acrylate-styrene-chlorosulfonated polyethylene-polyvinyl alcohol copolymer composite negative thermal material emulsion on a polyethylene or polyvinyl chloride mask layer, wherein the chlorosulfonated polyethylene has good adhesion to polyethylene or polyvinyl chloride, so that the garlic extract-hydroxypropyl acrylate-styrene-chlorosulfonated polyethylene-polyvinyl alcohol copolymer composite negative thermal material emulsion is easy to be adhered on the mask layer, and after the water in the emulsion evaporates, a solid coating containing the garlic extract-hydroxypropyl acrylate-styrene-chlorosulfonated polyethylene-polyvinyl alcohol copolymer composite negative thermal material is formed on the mask layer, and the solid coating can generate the function of switching ventilation channels along with temperature change. The garlic extract components uniformly distributed in the solid coating can play a role in reducing damage degree of pests to crops, so that the solid coating also plays a role in preventing pests. The hydroxypropyl acrylate and polyvinyl alcohol components in the solid coating enable the coating to have good hydrophilicity, and water drops can spread on the surface of the coating to flow away rapidly, so that the surface of the insect-proof ventilation layer has the property of not forming water drops, and can be in direct contact with the crop growing environment below the mulching film without being blocked by the water drop layer, and the insect-proof ventilation layer can exert greater insect pest inhibition efficiency.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the invention and together with the description serve to explain, without limitation, the invention.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an insect-proof ventilation mulch film of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an insect-repellent breathable mulch of the present invention.
Reference numerals in the drawings: 1-a mask layer; 2-an insect prevention air exchange layer; 11-ventilation holes; 21-negative heat material.
Detailed Description
The above and further technical features and advantages of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the examples. The chemical raw materials used in the following examples are all commercially available, chemically pure reagents;
beta-eucryptite powder was supplied by the company of new materials, bo Dong, and after sieving, granules of different mesh were screened out for the following examples.
Chlorosulfonated polyethylene (model: CSM3304, production unit: jilin petrochemical company, inc.) was purchased from offshore International trade company, inc.
Polyvinyl alcohol (model: 1788) is purchased from Shanghai Chen Yi Xie Chen Co.
Example 1
Referring to the attached drawings, the insect-proof ventilation mulch film is characterized in that a mask layer (1) and an insect-proof ventilation layer (2) are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the mask layer is made of polyvinyl chloride, the pore size of ventilation holes (11) distributed in the mask layer is 0.5mm, and the distribution density of the ventilation holes is 5/m 2 The insect-proof air exchange layer consists of a garlic extract-hydroxypropyl acrylate-styrene-chlorosulfonated polyethylene-polyvinyl alcohol copolymer composite negative thermal material, wherein the negative thermal material (21) is beta-eucryptite loaded with benzoyl peroxide, and the garlic extract-hydroxypropyl acrylate-styrene-chlorosulfonated polyethylene-polyvinyl alcohol copolymer composite negative thermal material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10 parts of garlic extract, 15 parts of hydroxypropyl acrylate, 1 part of styrene, 1 part of chlorosulfonated polyethylene, 20 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and 4 parts of negative heat material; the preparation method of the insect-proof ventilation mulch film comprises the following steps:
(1) 1 part by weight of benzoyl peroxide is dissolved in 99 parts by weight of toluene solvent to obtain solution A, then, beta-eucryptite with the particle size of 100-80 meshes and 30 parts by weight is soaked in the solution A for 15 hours at 25 ℃, the soaked beta-eucryptite is taken out, and the beta-eucryptite negative thermal material loaded with benzoyl peroxide is obtained after air drying for 10 hours at room temperature, wherein the weight of the benzoyl peroxide accounts for 0.1% of the total weight of the beta-eucryptite negative thermal material loaded with benzoyl peroxide;
(2) Dissolving 1 part by weight of chlorosulfonated polyethylene in 1 part by weight of styrene in a container to obtain a solution B; dissolving 0.65 weight part of ammonium persulfate initiator in 10 weight parts of deionized water to obtain solution C; then 10 parts by weight of garlic extract, 2.9 parts by weight of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 3.9 parts by weight of OP-10 emulsifier, 20 parts by weight of polyvinyl alcohol and 107 parts by weight of deionized water are added into the solution B, and stirring is carried out for 30min at the rotating speed of 350r/min and the room temperature, so as to obtain emulsion D;
(3) Heating a container containing emulsion D to 82 ℃ in a water bath, taking out 4 parts by weight of the benzoyl peroxide-loaded beta-eucryptite negative thermal material particles obtained in the step (1), adding into the emulsion D, dropwise adding 15 parts by weight of hydroxypropyl acrylate into the emulsion D under stirring, wherein the dripping speed is 1 drop per 2 seconds, and the stirring speed is 250r/min; simultaneously, dropwise adding hydroxypropyl acrylate into the emulsion D, wherein the dropwise adding speed of the solution C obtained in the step (2) is 1 drop per 5 seconds;
(4) After the dropwise addition of the hydroxypropyl acrylate and the solution C in the step (3) is finished, heating the reaction system to 85 ℃, and stirring at the constant temperature for reacting for 5 hours, wherein the stirring speed is 250r/min; after the constant-temperature stirring reaction is finished, cooling the obtained mixed solution to room temperature, and then adding concentrated ammonia water to adjust the pH of the mixed solution to be neutral to obtain emulsion E;
(5) Coating the emulsion E obtained in the step (4) on the surface of a mask layer, controlling the thickness of the emulsion E layer to be 0.18mm, and drying at room temperature to obtain an insect prevention and air exchange layer which is attached to the surface of the mask layer and consists of a garlic extract-hydroxypropyl acrylate-styrene-chlorosulfonated polyethylene-polyvinyl alcohol copolymer composite negative thermal material;
the insect-proof ventilation mulch film of the embodiment 1 can be obtained through the steps (1) - (5).
Example 2
Referring to the attached drawings, the insect-proof ventilation mulch film is characterized in that a mask layer (1) and an insect-proof ventilation layer (2) are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the mask layer is made of polyethylene, the pore size of ventilation holes (11) distributed in the mask layer is 1mm, and the distribution density of the ventilation holes is 9/m 2 The insect-proof air exchange layer consists of a garlic extract-hydroxypropyl acrylate-styrene-chlorosulfonated polyethylene-polyvinyl alcohol copolymer composite negative thermal material, wherein the negative thermal material (21) is beta-eucryptite loaded with benzoyl peroxide, and the garlic extract-hydroxypropyl acrylate-styrene-chlorosulfonated polyethylene-polyvinyl alcohol copolymer composite negative thermal material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts of garlic extract, 19 parts of hydroxypropyl acrylate, 2 parts of styrene, 2 parts of chlorosulfonated polyethylene, 25 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and 6 parts of negative heat material; the preparation method of the insect-proof ventilation mulch film comprises the following steps:
(1) 1 part by weight of benzoyl peroxide is dissolved in 99 parts by weight of toluene solvent to obtain solution A, then, beta-eucryptite with the particle size of 80-65 meshes and 30 parts by weight is soaked in the solution A for 15 hours at 25 ℃, the soaked beta-eucryptite is taken out, and the beta-eucryptite negative thermal material loaded with benzoyl peroxide is obtained after air drying for 10 hours at room temperature, wherein the weight of the benzoyl peroxide accounts for 0.11% of the total weight of the beta-eucryptite negative thermal material loaded with benzoyl peroxide;
(2) Dissolving 2 parts by weight of chlorosulfonated polyethylene in 2 parts by weight of styrene in a container to obtain a solution B; dissolving 0.65 weight part of ammonium persulfate initiator in 10 weight parts of deionized water to obtain solution C; then adding 15 parts by weight of garlic extract, 3 parts by weight of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 4 parts by weight of OP-10 emulsifier, 25 parts by weight of polyvinyl alcohol and 144 parts by weight of deionized water into the solution B, and stirring for 30min at the rotation speed of 355r/min and at the room temperature to obtain emulsion D;
(3) Heating a container containing emulsion D to 82 ℃ in a water bath, then taking out 6 parts by weight of the benzoyl peroxide-loaded beta-eucryptite negative thermal material particles obtained in the step (1), adding the powder into the emulsion D, dropwise adding 19 parts by weight of hydroxypropyl acrylate into the emulsion D under stirring, wherein the dripping speed is 1 drop per 2 seconds, and the stirring speed is 250r/min; simultaneously, dropwise adding hydroxypropyl acrylate into the emulsion D, wherein the dropwise adding speed of the solution C obtained in the step (2) is 1 drop per 5 seconds;
(4) After the dropwise addition of the hydroxypropyl acrylate and the solution C in the step (3) is finished, heating the reaction system to 85 ℃, and stirring at the constant temperature for reacting for 5 hours, wherein the stirring speed is 250r/min; after the constant-temperature stirring reaction is finished, cooling the obtained mixed solution to room temperature, and then adding concentrated ammonia water to adjust the pH of the mixed solution to be neutral to obtain emulsion E;
(5) Coating the emulsion E obtained in the step (4) on the surface of a mask layer, controlling the thickness of the emulsion E layer to be 0.21mm, and drying at room temperature to obtain an insect prevention and air exchange layer which is attached to the surface of the mask layer and consists of a garlic extract-hydroxypropyl acrylate-styrene-chlorosulfonated polyethylene-polyvinyl alcohol copolymer composite negative thermal material;
the insect-proof ventilation mulch film of the embodiment 2 can be obtained through the steps (1) - (5).
Example 3
Referring to the attached drawings, the insect-proof ventilation mulch film is characterized in that a mask layer (1) and an insect-proof ventilation layer (2) are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the mask layer is made of polyethylene, the pore size of ventilation holes (11) distributed in the mask layer is 2mm, and the distribution density of the ventilation holes is 13/m 2 The insect-proof air exchange layer consists of a garlic extract-hydroxypropyl acrylate-styrene-chlorosulfonated polyethylene-polyvinyl alcohol copolymer composite negative thermal material, wherein the negative thermal material (21) is beta-eucryptite loaded with benzoyl peroxide, and the garlic extract-hydroxypropyl acrylate-styrene-chlorosulfonated polyethylene-polyvinyl alcohol copolymer composite negative thermal material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of garlic extract, 23 parts of hydroxypropyl acrylate, 3 parts of styrene, 3 parts of chlorosulfonated polyethylene, 30 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and 8 parts of negative heat material; the preparation method of the insect-proof ventilation mulch film comprises the following steps:
(1) 1 part by weight of benzoyl peroxide is dissolved in 99 parts by weight of toluene solvent to obtain solution A, then, beta-eucryptite with the particle size of 65-60 meshes and 30 parts by weight is soaked in the solution A for 15 hours at the temperature of 25 ℃, the soaked beta-eucryptite is taken out, and the beta-eucryptite negative thermal material loaded with benzoyl peroxide is obtained after air drying for 10 hours at room temperature, wherein the weight of the benzoyl peroxide accounts for 0.11% of the total weight of the beta-eucryptite negative thermal material loaded with benzoyl peroxide;
(2) Dissolving 3 parts by weight of chlorosulfonated polyethylene in 3 parts by weight of styrene in a container to obtain a solution B; dissolving 0.65 weight part of ammonium persulfate initiator in 10 weight parts of deionized water to obtain solution C; then adding 20 parts by weight of garlic extract, 3 parts by weight of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 4.1 parts by weight of OP-10 emulsifier, 30 parts by weight of polyvinyl alcohol and 181 parts by weight of deionized water into the solution B, and stirring for 30 minutes at the rotating speed of 355r/min and at the room temperature to obtain emulsion D;
(3) Heating a container containing emulsion D to 82 ℃ in a water bath, taking 8 parts by weight of the benzoyl peroxide-loaded beta-eucryptite negative thermal material particles obtained in the step (1), adding the particles into the emulsion D, dropwise adding 23 parts by weight of hydroxypropyl acrylate into the emulsion D under stirring, wherein the dripping speed is 1 drop per 2 seconds, and the stirring speed is 250r/min; simultaneously, dropwise adding hydroxypropyl acrylate into the emulsion D, wherein the dropwise adding speed of the solution C obtained in the step (2) is 1 drop per 5 seconds;
(4) After the dropwise addition of the hydroxypropyl acrylate and the solution C in the step (3) is finished, heating the reaction system to 85 ℃, and stirring at the constant temperature for reacting for 5 hours, wherein the stirring speed is 250r/min; after the constant-temperature stirring reaction is finished, cooling the obtained mixed solution to room temperature, and then adding concentrated ammonia water to adjust the pH of the mixed solution to be neutral to obtain emulsion E;
(5) Coating the emulsion E obtained in the step (4) on the surface of a mask layer, controlling the thickness of the emulsion E layer to be 0.25mm, and drying at room temperature to obtain an insect prevention and air exchange layer which is attached to the surface of the mask layer and consists of a garlic extract-hydroxypropyl acrylate-styrene-chlorosulfonated polyethylene-polyvinyl alcohol copolymer composite negative thermal material;
the insect-proof ventilation mulch film of the embodiment 3 can be obtained through the steps (1) - (5).
Example 4
Referring to the attached drawings, the insect-proof ventilation mulch film is characterized in that a mask layer (1) and an insect-proof ventilation layer (2) are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and the mask layer isThe polyvinyl chloride material, the pore size of the mask layer distributed with the ventilation holes (11) is 2.5mm, and the distribution density of the ventilation holes is 17/m 2 The insect-proof air exchange layer consists of a garlic extract-hydroxypropyl acrylate-styrene-chlorosulfonated polyethylene-polyvinyl alcohol copolymer composite negative thermal material, wherein the negative thermal material (21) is beta-eucryptite loaded with benzoyl peroxide, and the garlic extract-hydroxypropyl acrylate-styrene-chlorosulfonated polyethylene-polyvinyl alcohol copolymer composite negative thermal material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25 parts of garlic extract, 27 parts of hydroxypropyl acrylate, 4 parts of styrene, 4 parts of chlorosulfonated polyethylene, 35 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and 10 parts of negative heat material; the preparation method of the insect-proof ventilation mulch film comprises the following steps:
(1) 1 part by weight of benzoyl peroxide is dissolved in 99 parts by weight of toluene solvent to obtain solution A, then, beta-eucryptite with the particle size of 60-48 meshes and 30 parts by weight is soaked in the solution A for 15 hours at the temperature of 25 ℃, the soaked beta-eucryptite is taken out, and the benzoyl peroxide-loaded beta-eucryptite negative thermal material is obtained after air drying for 10 hours at room temperature, wherein the weight of the benzoyl peroxide accounts for 0.12% of the total weight of the benzoyl peroxide-loaded beta-eucryptite negative thermal material;
(2) Dissolving 4 parts by weight of chlorosulfonated polyethylene in 4 parts by weight of styrene in a container to obtain a solution B; dissolving 0.65 weight part of ammonium persulfate initiator in 10 weight parts of deionized water to obtain solution C; then adding 25 parts by weight of garlic extract, 3.1 parts by weight of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 4.2 parts by weight of OP-10 emulsifier, 35 parts by weight of polyvinyl alcohol and 218 parts by weight of deionized water into the solution B, and stirring for 30min at the rotating speed of 360r/min and room temperature to obtain emulsion D;
(3) Heating a container containing emulsion D to 82 ℃ in a water bath, taking out 10 parts by weight of the benzoyl peroxide-loaded beta-eucryptite negative thermal material particles obtained in the step (1), adding the powder into the emulsion D, dropwise adding 27 parts by weight of hydroxypropyl acrylate into the emulsion D under stirring, wherein the dripping speed is 1 drop per 2 seconds, and the stirring speed is 250r/min; simultaneously, dropwise adding hydroxypropyl acrylate into the emulsion D, wherein the dropwise adding speed of the solution C obtained in the step (2) is 1 drop per 5 seconds;
(4) After the dropwise addition of the hydroxypropyl acrylate and the solution C in the step (3) is finished, heating the reaction system to 85 ℃, and stirring at the constant temperature for reacting for 5 hours, wherein the stirring speed is 250r/min; after the constant-temperature stirring reaction is finished, cooling the obtained mixed solution to room temperature, and then adding concentrated ammonia water to adjust the pH of the mixed solution to be neutral to obtain emulsion E;
(5) Coating the emulsion E obtained in the step (4) on the surface of a mask layer, controlling the thickness of the emulsion E layer to be 0.3mm, and drying at room temperature to obtain an insect prevention and air exchange layer which is attached to the surface of the mask layer and consists of a garlic extract-hydroxypropyl acrylate-styrene-chlorosulfonated polyethylene-polyvinyl alcohol copolymer composite negative thermal material;
the insect-proof ventilation mulch film of the embodiment 4 can be obtained through the steps (1) - (5).
Example 5
Referring to the attached drawings, the insect-proof ventilation mulch film is characterized in that a mask layer (1) and an insect-proof ventilation layer (2) are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the mask layer is made of polyethylene, the pore size of ventilation holes (11) distributed in the mask layer is 3mm, and the distribution density of the ventilation holes is 20/m 2 The insect-proof air exchange layer consists of a garlic extract-hydroxypropyl acrylate-styrene-chlorosulfonated polyethylene-polyvinyl alcohol copolymer composite negative thermal material, wherein the negative thermal material (21) is beta-eucryptite loaded with benzoyl peroxide, and the garlic extract-hydroxypropyl acrylate-styrene-chlorosulfonated polyethylene-polyvinyl alcohol copolymer composite negative thermal material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of garlic extract, 30 parts of hydroxypropyl acrylate, 5 parts of styrene, 5 parts of chlorosulfonated polyethylene, 40 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and 12 parts of negative heat material; the preparation method of the insect-proof ventilation mulch film comprises the following steps:
(1) 1 part by weight of benzoyl peroxide is dissolved in 99 parts by weight of toluene solvent to obtain solution A, then, the beta-eucryptite with the particle size of 48-32 meshes and 30 parts by weight is soaked in the solution A for 15 hours at 25 ℃, the soaked beta-eucryptite is taken out, and the beta-eucryptite negative thermal material loaded with benzoyl peroxide is obtained after air drying for 10 hours at room temperature, wherein the weight of the benzoyl peroxide accounts for 0.12% of the total weight of the beta-eucryptite negative thermal material loaded with benzoyl peroxide;
(2) Dissolving 5 parts by weight of chlorosulfonated polyethylene in 5 parts by weight of styrene in a vessel to obtain solution B; dissolving 0.65 weight part of ammonium persulfate initiator in 10 weight parts of deionized water to obtain solution C; then adding 30 parts by weight of garlic extract, 3.2 parts by weight of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 4.3 parts by weight of OP-10 emulsifier, 40 parts by weight of polyvinyl alcohol and 258 parts by weight of deionized water into the solution B, and stirring for 30min at the rotating speed of 360r/min and room temperature to obtain emulsion D;
(3) Heating a container containing emulsion D to 82 ℃ in a water bath, taking out 12 parts by weight of the benzoyl peroxide-loaded beta-eucryptite negative thermal material particles obtained in the step (1), adding the powder into the emulsion D, dropwise adding 30 parts by weight of hydroxypropyl acrylate into the emulsion D under stirring, wherein the dripping speed is 1 drop per 2 seconds, and the stirring speed is 250r/min; simultaneously, dropwise adding hydroxypropyl acrylate into the emulsion D, wherein the dropwise adding speed of the solution C obtained in the step (2) is 1 drop per 5 seconds;
(4) After the dropwise addition of the hydroxypropyl acrylate and the solution C in the step (3) is finished, heating the reaction system to 85 ℃, and stirring at the constant temperature for reacting for 5 hours, wherein the stirring speed is 250r/min; after the constant-temperature stirring reaction is finished, cooling the obtained mixed solution to room temperature, and then adding concentrated ammonia water to adjust the pH of the mixed solution to be neutral to obtain emulsion E;
(5) Coating the emulsion E obtained in the step (4) on the surface of a mask layer, controlling the thickness of the emulsion E layer to be 0.5mm, and drying at room temperature to obtain an insect prevention and air exchange layer which is attached to the surface of the mask layer and consists of a garlic extract-hydroxypropyl acrylate-styrene-chlorosulfonated polyethylene-polyvinyl alcohol copolymer composite negative thermal material;
the insect-proof ventilation mulch film of the embodiment 5 can be obtained through the steps (1) - (5).
Comparative example 6
In this example, the mulch film was prepared according to the procedure described in example 3, and the difference between this example and example 3 is that there is no negative heat material in the insect-repellent air-exchange layer, and other components related to the mulch film structure (including the material of the mask layer and the pore size and density of the ventilation holes), the composition of the components, the content of the components, and the related preparation procedures are the same as those in example 3. The preparation steps of this example are as follows:
(1) Dissolving 3 parts by weight of chlorosulfonated polyethylene in 3 parts by weight of styrene in a container to obtain a solution B; dissolving 0.65 weight part of ammonium persulfate initiator in 10 weight parts of deionized water to obtain solution C; then adding 20 parts by weight of garlic extract, 3 parts by weight of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 4.1 parts by weight of OP-10 emulsifier, 30 parts by weight of polyvinyl alcohol and 181 parts by weight of deionized water into the solution B, and stirring for 30 minutes at the rotating speed of 355r/min and at the room temperature to obtain emulsion D;
(2) Heating a container containing emulsion D to 82 ℃ in a water bath, and then dropwise adding 23 parts by weight of hydroxypropyl acrylate into the emulsion D under stirring, wherein the dripping speed is 1 drop every 2 seconds, and the stirring speed is 250r/min; simultaneously, dropwise adding hydroxypropyl acrylate into the emulsion D, wherein the dropwise adding speed of the solution C obtained in the step (1) is 1 drop per 5 seconds;
the remaining preparation steps were the same as those of the preparation steps (4) and (5) of example 3.
Comparative example 7
This example was conducted in accordance with the procedure of example 3, and the difference between this example and example 3 was that the garlic extract in the preparation step (2) was used in an amount of 9 parts by weight, which is outside the range described in the claims, and the other components, component contents, and related preparation steps, etc., were the same as those of example 3. The preparation steps of this example are as follows:
the preparation step (1) of this example is the same as the step (1) of example 3.
(2) Dissolving 3 parts by weight of chlorosulfonated polyethylene in 3 parts by weight of styrene in a container to obtain a solution B; dissolving 0.65 weight part of ammonium persulfate initiator in 10 weight parts of deionized water to obtain solution C; then adding 9 parts by weight of garlic extract, 3 parts by weight of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 4.1 parts by weight of OP-10 emulsifier, 30 parts by weight of polyvinyl alcohol and 181 parts by weight of deionized water into the solution B, and stirring for 30 minutes at the rotating speed of 355r/min and at the room temperature to obtain emulsion D;
The remaining preparation steps were the same as those of preparation steps (3) to (5) of example 3.
Comparative example 8
This example was conducted in accordance with the procedure of example 3, and the difference between this example and example 3 was that the garlic extract in the preparation step (2) was 31 parts by weight, which is outside the range as defined in the claims, and the other components, component contents, and related preparation steps, etc., were the same as those of example 3. The preparation steps of this example are as follows:
the preparation step (1) of this example is the same as the step (1) of example 3.
(2) Dissolving 3 parts by weight of chlorosulfonated polyethylene in 3 parts by weight of styrene in a container to obtain a solution B; dissolving 0.65 weight part of ammonium persulfate initiator in 10 weight parts of deionized water to obtain solution C; then 31 weight parts of garlic extract, 3 weight parts of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 4.1 weight parts of OP-10 emulsifier, 30 weight parts of polyvinyl alcohol and 181 weight parts of deionized water are added into the solution B, and the mixture is stirred for 30 minutes at the room temperature at the rotation speed of 355r/min to obtain emulsion D;
the remaining preparation steps were the same as those of preparation steps (3) to (5) of example 3.
Experimental phenomena: during the preparation of comparative example 8, emulsion E in step 4 had a demulsification delamination phenomenon.
Comparative example 9
This example was prepared according to the procedure described in example 3, and differs from example 3 in that in the preparation step (3), hydroxypropyl acrylate was used in an amount of 14 parts by weight, which is outside the range described in the claims, and other matters concerning the structure of the mulch film, the components used, the content of the components, the relative preparation steps, and the like were the same as those in example 3. The preparation steps of this example are as follows:
the preparation steps (1) and (2) of this example are the same as steps (1) and (2) of example 3;
(3) Heating a container containing emulsion D to 82 ℃ in a water bath, taking 8 parts by weight of the benzoyl peroxide-loaded beta-eucryptite negative thermal material particles obtained in the step (1), adding the particles into the emulsion D, dropwise adding 14 parts by weight of hydroxypropyl acrylate into the emulsion D under stirring, wherein the dripping speed is 1 drop per 2 seconds, and the stirring speed is 250r/min; simultaneously, dropwise adding hydroxypropyl acrylate into the emulsion D, wherein the dropwise adding speed of the solution C obtained in the step (2) is 1 drop per 5 seconds;
the remaining preparation steps were the same as those of the preparation steps (4) and (5) of example 3.
Experimental phenomena: during the preparation of comparative example 9, emulsion E in step (4) was broken and delaminated.
Comparative example 10
This example was prepared according to the procedure described in example 3, and differs from example 3 in that in the preparation step (2), the styrene amount was 0.8 parts by weight and the chlorosulfonated polyethylene amount was 0.8 parts by weight, both of which were outside the scope of the claims, and other matters concerning the structure of the mulch film, the components used, the component contents and the related preparation steps were the same as in example 3. The preparation steps of this example are as follows:
the preparation step (1) of this example is the same as the step (1) of example 3;
(2) Dissolving 0.8 parts by weight of chlorosulfonated polyethylene in 0.8 parts by weight of styrene in a vessel to obtain solution B; dissolving 0.65 weight part of ammonium persulfate initiator in 10 weight parts of deionized water to obtain solution C; then adding 20 parts by weight of garlic extract, 3 parts by weight of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 4.1 parts by weight of OP-10 emulsifier, 30 parts by weight of polyvinyl alcohol and 181 parts by weight of deionized water into the solution B, and stirring for 30 minutes at the rotating speed of 355r/min and at the room temperature to obtain emulsion D;
the remaining preparation steps were the same as those of preparation steps (3) to (5) of example 3.
Comparative example 11
This example was prepared according to the procedure described in example 3, and differs from example 3 in that in the preparation step (2), the amount of polyvinyl alcohol used was 19 parts by weight, which is outside the range described in the claims, and other matters concerning the structure of the mulch film, the components used, the content of the components, the relative preparation steps, and the like were the same as in example 3. The preparation steps of this example are as follows:
The preparation step (1) of this example is the same as the step (1) of example 3;
(2) Dissolving 3 parts by weight of chlorosulfonated polyethylene in 3 parts by weight of styrene in a container to obtain a solution B; dissolving 0.65 weight part of ammonium persulfate initiator in 10 weight parts of deionized water to obtain solution C; then adding 20 parts by weight of garlic extract, 3 parts by weight of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 4.1 parts by weight of OP-10 emulsifier, 19 parts by weight of polyvinyl alcohol and 181 parts by weight of deionized water into the solution B, and stirring for 30min at the rotating speed of 355r/min and at the room temperature to obtain emulsion D;
the remaining preparation steps were the same as those of preparation steps (3) to (5) of example 3.
Comparative example 12
This example was prepared as described in example 3, and the difference between this example and example 3 was that the particle size of the negative heat material in the insect-repellent air-exchange layer was 115 to 400 mesh, which is outside the range described in the claims (particle size was 100 to 32 mesh), and the other components concerning the structure, composition, content of components, and related preparation steps were the same as in example 3. The preparation steps of this example are as follows:
(1) 1 part by weight of benzoyl peroxide is dissolved in 99 parts by weight of toluene solvent to obtain solution A, then, beta-eucryptite with the particle size of 115-400 meshes and 30 parts by weight is soaked in the solution A for 15 hours at 25 ℃, the soaked beta-eucryptite is taken out, and the beta-eucryptite negative thermal material loaded with benzoyl peroxide is obtained after air drying for 10 hours at room temperature, wherein the weight of the benzoyl peroxide accounts for 0.11% of the total weight of the beta-eucryptite negative thermal material loaded with benzoyl peroxide;
The remaining preparation steps were the same as those of preparation steps (2) to (5) of example 3.
Comparative example 13
This example is a mulch film prepared according to the procedure described in example 3, which differs from example 3 in that the garlic extract is not added in step (2), but is mechanically mixed with the emulsion E obtained in step (4) in step (5), and the resulting mixture is smeared on the mask layer, i.e., the garlic extract does not form a copolymer with hydroxypropyl acrylate monomer or the like, but is simply physically mixed with the copolymer. The preparation steps of this example are as follows:
the preparation step (1) of this example is the same as the step (1) of example 3;
(2) Dissolving 3 parts by weight of chlorosulfonated polyethylene in 3 parts by weight of styrene in a container to obtain a solution B; dissolving 0.65 weight part of ammonium persulfate initiator in 10 weight parts of deionized water to obtain solution C; then adding 3 parts by weight of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 4.1 parts by weight of OP-10 emulsifier, 30 parts by weight of polyvinyl alcohol and 181 parts by weight of deionized water into the solution B, and stirring for 30 minutes at the rotation speed of 355r/min and the room temperature to obtain emulsion D;
the preparation steps (3) and (4) of this example are the same as the steps (3) and (4) of example 3;
(5) And (3) physically mixing the emulsion E obtained in the step (4) with 20 parts by weight of garlic extract at normal temperature, coating the obtained mixture on the surface of a mask layer, controlling the thickness of the mixture to be 0.25mm, and drying at room temperature to obtain the mulch film of the embodiment.
Experimental phenomena: in the step (5) of this example, the emulsion E was broken and layered when it was mixed with 20 parts by weight of garlic extract, and the resulting mixture was less likely to adhere to the mask layer.
Comparative example 14
This example was prepared according to the procedure described in example 3, with the difference that the negative thermal material in the insect-repellent air-exchange layer was beta-eucryptite, instead of beta-eucryptite loaded with benzoyl peroxide, and the other components, amounts of components, and related preparation procedures, etc., were the same as in example 3. The preparation steps of this example are as follows:
(1) Dissolving 3 parts by weight of chlorosulfonated polyethylene in 3 parts by weight of styrene in a container to obtain a solution B; dissolving 0.65 weight part of ammonium persulfate initiator in 10 weight parts of deionized water to obtain solution C; then adding 20 parts by weight of garlic extract, 3 parts by weight of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 4.1 parts by weight of OP-10 emulsifier, 30 parts by weight of polyvinyl alcohol and 181 parts by weight of deionized water into the solution B, and stirring for 30 minutes at room temperature at a rotation speed of 355r/min to obtain emulsion D;
(2) Heating a container containing emulsion D to 82 ℃ in a water bath, adding 65-60 meshes and 8 parts by weight of beta-eucryptite negative thermal material particles into the emulsion D, dropwise adding 23 parts by weight of hydroxypropyl acrylate into the emulsion D under stirring, wherein the dripping speed is 1 drop every 2 seconds, and the stirring speed is 250r/min; simultaneously, dropwise adding hydroxypropyl acrylate into the emulsion D, wherein the dropwise adding speed of the solution C obtained in the step (2) is 1 drop per 5 seconds;
The remaining steps of this example are the same as steps (4) and (5) of example 3.
Application example 15
In this example, the mulch films obtained in example 1, example 3, example 5 and comparative examples 6 to 14 were applied to the soil surface, and the specific test procedure was as follows:
selecting a vegetable planting field, wherein the place is east longitude: 118.97539027571867 ° and north latitude: 32.066403113172214, planting Chinese cabbage in the field; in month 11 of 2020, the mulch films prepared in example 1, example 3, example 5 and comparative examples 6 to 14 were cut out to a size of 0.6mX0.6mXon each mulch film, each cut mulch film was covered over the soil with a size of 0.3mX0.3mX each field, each field was spaced by 0.1m, 30 seeds of chinese cabbage were uniformly sowed in each field, the surface of the insect-repellent and air-exchange layer of the mulch film was oriented to the soil, the mulch film was at a height of about 10cm from the ground, the edge of each mulch film was buried under the ground at the edge of each field and was compressed with soil blocks to ensure that the space enclosed by each mulch film was a closed space.
Effect examples
This example was subjected to the following performance test for each mulch film in application example 15 (including the mulch films obtained in examples 1, 3, 5 and comparative examples 6 to 14).
1. Soil temperature test for plastic film mulching
A GPRS type soil temperature and humidity sensor (model: JXBS-7001-TR, supplier: clear-to-precision electronic technology Co., ltd.) is adopted, and the sensor is used for automatically measuring and uploading the average temperature of the soil covered by the plastic film at the position of 5cm by relying on a mobile phone signal network to transmit soil temperature and humidity data. The measurement time period is 3 days in succession of 11 months 7-9 days in 2020, and the measurement time is 12 days in daytime every day: 00 o' clock and night 2: at 00 points, soil average temperature= (sum of soil temperatures at a certain time point of 3 days)/3. Daytime outside the mulching film 12: the average ambient temperature at 00 points is 16.7 ℃, 2% of the night outside the mulch: the ambient average temperature at point 00 is 6.8 ℃.
2. CO of mulch film 2 Test for testing ventilation performance of gas
A GPRS type carbon dioxide sensor (model: JXBS-7001-CO2, supplier: clear-to-Smart electronic technology Co., ltd.) is adopted, and the sensor relies on a mobile phone signal network to carry out CO in gas 2 Concentration data transmission) automatic measurement and uploading of CO in mulch coverage space 2 Average concentration of gas. The measurement time period is 3 days in succession of 11 months 7-9 days in 2020, and the measurement time is 12 days in daytime every day: 00 o' clock and night 2: point 00, CO 2 Average concentration= (CO at a certain time point of 3 days 2 Concentration sum)/3. CO in the environment outside the mulch film 2 The average concentration of gas was 400ppm.
3. Hydrophilic test of mulch film
(1) And (3) performing a mulching film water drop test: selecting an area of a piece of mulching film to be 0.1m multiplied by 0.1m, and counting the average number of water drops with the inner diameter of more than 2mm in the area. The measurement time period is 3 days in succession of 11 months 7-9 days in 2020, and the measurement time is 12 days in daytime every day: at 00 points, the average number of water droplets= (sum of 3 days of water droplet number)/3.
(2) Contact angle test of the side of the mulch film facing the soil: and (3) cutting 3 film samples with the same size from each example by switching on a power supply of the DSA100 optical contact angle measuring instrument, fixing the soil facing surface of the 3 film samples on a workbench upwards, forming water drops by 0.01ml of distilled water on a needle head, dripping the water drops on the surface of the film samples, standing the water drops on the film samples for 50s, rotating a cross wire in an eyepiece to serve as a tangent line at the contact point of the water drops and the film samples, and obtaining the contact angle between the tangent line and the horizontal plane of the film samples. The contact angle was measured at 3 different positions and the average value thereof was taken as the contact angle of the surface of this film sample facing the soil.
4. The insect resistance test was performed in a greenhouse environment (25 ℃,35% humidity) and expressed as leaf breakage rate of cabbage moth on leaves of chinese cabbage. The plutella xylostella insects are collected from the farm, the collected plutella xylostella insects are firstly fed with fresh plutella xylostella for two days to eliminate the influence of original food reserves in the larvae on subsequent experiments, and then the larvae with similar body shapes are selected and divided into a plurality of groups of 10 larvae. Transplanting cabbages with similar weight and appearance into flowerpots with the same size (the diameter of each flowerpots is 10cm, the depth of each flowerpots is 5 cm), each flowerpot is provided with 450g of soil powder obtained by passing through a 5-mesh screen, 4 cabbages are transplanted into each flowerpots, each group of larvae is placed on leaf surfaces of the cabbages in each flowerpots, then the plastic films corresponding to examples 1, 3 and 5 and comparative examples 6-14 are covered on the cabbages, the distance between the top of the plastic film and the highest position of the leaf surfaces of the cabbages is 3cm, the edge of the plastic film is closed at the edge of the top of the flowerpots, and the plastic film is properly fastened by ropes, so that the experiment result is prevented from being influenced by movement of the plutella worm among cabbages in different flowerpots. After day 3, the damage of the leaf of the chinese cabbage was measured using a YMJ-a leaf surface measuring instrument. Blade breakage rate= (total damaged blade area/total original blade area) ×100%.
5. As can be seen from the results in table 1, the plastic films of examples 1, 3 and 5 are covered on the soil surface, and the corresponding soil temperatures can be maintained at 15.8-16.6 ℃ at 12 points in the daytime, and the temperature range is similar to the daytime ambient temperature; the temperature of the soil at 2 points at night can be maintained at 14.8-15.2 ℃ and can be about 8 ℃ higher than the ambient temperature. This is because the ventilation holes of the mulch film are opened during daytime, hot air in the external environment enters the mulch film space during daytime, the hot air can heat the soil covered by the mulch film to a similar degree as the ambient temperature, and the ventilation holes of the mulch films of embodiments 1, 3 and 5 are closed during nighttime, and cold air at night does not enter the space covered by the mulch film, so that the temperature of the soil covered by the mulch film is not reduced too fast, and therefore, the soil temperature covered by the mulch film of embodiments 1, 3 and 5 at night can be far higher than the ambient temperature. Examples 1, 3, 5 Plastic covered spaces CO at 12 points daytime 2 The concentration of (C) is 371-396ppm, and CO is at 2 points at night 2 The concentration range of (2) is 963-998ppm, and CO is in the mulching film covered space at night 2 Concentration ratio of daytime CO 2 The reason for the high concentration is that crops act on sunlight in the daytimeThe photosynthesis is the main part, and can absorb CO 2 The crops at night mainly breathe, and a large amount of CO can be exhaled at night 2 . The plastic covered spaces of examples 1, 3, 5 CO during daytime 2 The concentration is low but CO 2 The concentration is still higher than 300ppm needed for photosynthesis, which is sufficient to maintain normal photosynthesis of the crop. This is because the ventilation holes in the mulching films of examples 1, 3 and 5 are opened during the daytime, and the CO in the outside atmosphere 2 Can supplement the space covered by the mulching film, so that CO in the mulching film covered space 2 The concentration does not drop too low. The contact angles (8-10 °) of the insect-repellent and air-exchanging layers of the mulch films of examples 1, 3 and 5 are all small, which means that the insect-repellent and air-exchanging layers of the mulch films of examples 1, 3 and 5 are excellent in hydrophilicity, and that the water drops spread on the hydrophilic insect-repellent and air-exchanging layers without excessive water drops, and the results in table 1 show that no obvious water drops are indeed found on the surfaces of the mulch films of examples 1, 3 and 5, which means that the insect-repellent and air-exchanging layers of the mulch films of the above examples have the effect of being not prone to water drops. In the insect-resistant experiment, the damage rate (4-6%) of the blades of the mulching films of the embodiments 1, 3 and 5 is low, because the garlic extracts in the insect-resistant and air-exchanging layers of the mulching films of the embodiments 1, 3 and 5 are uniformly distributed, and no obvious water drop layer covers the insect-resistant and air-exchanging layers, so that the insect-resistant and air-exchanging layers can be in direct contact with the growth environment of the cabbages under the mulching films, and a better insect-resistant effect can be exerted.
For comparative example 6, the results in Table 1 show the CO in the space covered by the mulch film of comparative example 6 2 The concentration at 12 points in the day was 107ppm, lower than the corresponding CO of examples 1, 3, 5 2 Concentration of CO of example 3 2 The concentration is 2.7 times lower and is already far lower than 300ppm required for photosynthesis of crops. Comparative example 6 is different from examples 1, 3 and 5 in that the insect-proof ventilating layer is not made of negative heat material, so that the mulch film prepared in comparative example 6 has no ventilating performance with temperature change, which results in that the mulch film in comparative example 6 cannot supplement CO from outside fresh air in time during daytime 2 And enters a mulching film space.
As for comparative example 7, the results in Table 1 show that the damage rate of the leaf of the cabbage under the mulch film (33%) is much higher than that of examples 1, 3, 5 by 8.25 times as much as that of example 3 (4%), because the garlic extract of comparative example 7 is used in an amount of 9 parts by weight, which is lower than the range described in the claims (10 to 30 parts by weight of garlic extract), i.e., too little amount of garlic extract affects the insect-repellent effect of the mulch film of the present invention.
In the case of the mulch film of comparative example 8, emulsion E was broken and layered in step 4 of comparative example 8; this is because the garlic extract of comparative example 8 is used in an amount of 31 parts by weight, which is higher than the range described in the claims (10 to 30 parts by weight of garlic extract), and thus the garlic extract is used in an excessive amount, which causes the emulsion to be difficult to form, and further emulsion E is broken and layered, and the broken emulsion is coated on the mask layer, and the components in the resulting coating are also unevenly distributed, so that the properties of the mulch film of comparative example 8 are inferior to those of the mulch films of examples 1, 3 and 5, for example, the carbon dioxide concentration in the space covered by the mulch film of comparative example 8 is 246ppm at 12 points in the daytime due to the failure of the ventilation regulating function of the negative heat material in the broken layered coating, which is lower than 300ppm required for photosynthesis of crops; the demulsified coating is poor in light transmittance, the soil of the mulch film is poor in heating property by sunlight, the soil is difficult to heat, and the average temperature of the soil under the mulch film in the comparative example 8 is 5.5-6.1 ℃ lower than that of the mulch film in the example 3; the damage rate (19%) of the cabbage leaves of the mulch film of comparative example 8 is much higher than that of examples 1, 3 and 5, 4.75 times the damage rate (4%) of the leaves of example 3, because the garlic extract is unevenly distributed in the demulsification coating, and the insect resistance of the mulch film is affected.
In the case of the mulch film of comparative example 9, the amount of hydroxypropyl acrylate used in this example was 14 parts by weight, which is lower than the range described in the claims (15 to 30 parts by weight of hydroxypropyl acrylate), and emulsion E in comparative example 9 was broken and layered, i.e., a small amount of hydroxypropyl acrylate resulted in breaking and delamination of emulsion E, indicating that an appropriate amount of hydroxypropyl acrylate was an important factor for forming stable emulsion E. The same way as in comparative example 8, the demulsified emulsion is coated on the mask layer, so that the components in the coating are unevenly distributed, and the performances of the mulching film of comparative example 9 are poorer than those of mulching films of examples 1, 3 and 5; in addition, the use amount of hydroxypropyl acrylate in the comparative example 9 is small, so that the contact angle of the insect-proof ventilation coating is large, the hydrophilicity is low, water drops are easy to form on the surface of the coating, the water drops are evaporated to absorb solar energy, the capability of sunlight for heating soil under the mulch film is reduced, the soil temperature lifting range is limited, and the average soil temperature under the mulch film in the comparative example 9 is 5.7-6.5 ℃ lower than that of the mulch film in the example 3; meanwhile, the water drop layer is covered on the insect prevention and air exchange layer, so that the insect prevention and air exchange layer cannot be in direct contact with the growth environment of the cabbages under the mulch film, the insect prevention effect of the mulch film of the comparative example 9 is further reduced, the damage rate (27%) of the cabbages leaves of the mulch film of the comparative example 9 is far higher than that of the leaves of examples 1, 3 and 5, and is 6.75 times of that of the leaves of example 3 (4%).
With respect to the mulch film of comparative example 10, the results of table 1 show that the average temperature of soil under the mulch film of comparative example 10 is 4.2-4.9 ℃ lower than that of the mulch film of example 3; the number of the mulching film water drops in the comparative example 10 is 46, which is far more than that of the mulching film water drops in the examples 1, 3 and 5; the damage rate of the cabbage leaves under the mulching film (22%) is far higher than that of the leaves of examples 1, 3 and 5 and is 5.5 times that of the leaves of example 3 (4%). This is because the styrene amount is 0.8 weight part and the chlorosulfonated polyethylene amount is 0.8 weight part in comparative example 10, both of which are lower than the ranges described in the claims (1-5 weight parts of styrene and 1-5 weight parts of chlorosulfonated polyethylene), the styrene and chlorosulfonated polyethylene can improve the stability of the insect-repellent air exchange layer adhered to the mask layer, and the styrene and chlorosulfonated polyethylene amounts are too low in comparative example 10, so that the insect-repellent air exchange layer is more detached during the use of the mulch film, part of the hydrophobic mask layer is exposed, the overall hydrophilicity of the insect-repellent air exchange layer is poor, so that the insect-repellent air exchange layer is more water droplets, and the temperature elevation of soil and the insect-repellent effect of the insect-repellent air exchange layer are reduced as before.
As for the mulch film of comparative example 11, the results in Table 1 show that the average temperature of soil under the mulch film of comparative example 11 is 2.6-3.6℃lower than that of the mulch film of example 3; the number of the mulching film water drops in the comparative example 11 is 48, which is far more than that of the mulching film water drops in the examples 1, 3 and 5; the contact angle of the mulching film is 85 degrees; the damage rate of the cabbage leaves under the mulching film (20%) is far higher than that of the leaves of examples 1, 3 and 5, and is 5 times higher than that of the leaf of example 3 (4%). This is because the amount of polyvinyl alcohol used in comparative example 11 is 19 parts by weight, which is lower than the range (20-40 parts by weight) as described in the claims, and the amount of polyvinyl alcohol used in comparative example 11 is small, resulting in a large contact angle of the insect-repellent air-exchange layer, low hydrophilicity, and the insect-repellent air-exchange layer is prone to water droplet formation, and the evaporation of the water droplet layer absorbs solar energy, reducing the soil capacity under sunlight-heated mulch, and the soil temperature elevation is limited, while the apparent water droplet layer is covering the insect-repellent air-exchange layer, so that the insect-repellent air-exchange layer cannot directly contact with the growth environment of the cabbages under mulch, and reducing the insect-repellent effect of the mulch of comparative example 11.
As for the mulch film of comparative example 12, the results in Table 1 show that CO is present in the space covered by the mulch film of comparative example 12 2 121ppm at 12 points in the daytime, CO compared with examples 1, 3 and 5 2 Low concentration of CO compared with example 3 2 The concentration is 2.3 times lower, which is much lower than 300ppm required for photosynthesis of crops. This is because the particle size of the negative heat material in the insect-repellent air exchange layer of comparative example 12 is 115 to 400 mesh, which is lower than the range described in the claims (particle size is 100 to 32 mesh), which results in that the negative heat material particles are too deeply buried in the insect-repellent air exchange layer, the gaps between the negative heat material and the polymer matrix are also deeply buried in the inside of the polymer matrix, and the surface of the insect-repellent air exchange layer has no significant pores, which makes it difficult to achieve effective exchange of gas inside and outside the film.
In the case of the mulch film of comparative example 13, in this example, the garlic extract was not added in step (2), but mechanically mixed with the emulsion E in step (5), and the resultant mixture was smeared on the mask layer, i.e., the garlic extract did not form a copolymer with the hydroxypropyl acrylate monomer or the like, but was simply physically mixed with the copolymer. The experimental observation of this example was that emulsion E was broken and delaminated when physically mixed with 20 parts by weight of garlic extract,the resulting mixture was difficult to adhere to the mask layer, indicating that the garlic extract, which was not subjected to copolymerization, was in direct contact with the emulsion, and would deteriorate the stability of the emulsion. In the same way as in comparative examples 8 and 9, the demulsified emulsion is coated on the mask layer, so that the components in the coating are also unevenly distributed, and the performances of the mulching film of comparative example 13 are poorer than those of mulching films of examples 1, 3 and 5; the negative heat material has failure of adjusting ventilation function in the demulsified coating, and the CO in the space covered by the mulch film of the implementation 13 is compared 2 The concentration is 177ppm at 12 points in the daytime and is lower than 300ppm required by photosynthesis of crops; the demulsified coating has poor light transmittance, so that the sunlight has poor heating property on soil under the mulch film, the soil is difficult to heat, and the average temperature of the soil under the mulch film in comparative example 13 is 5-5.7 ℃ lower than that of the mulch film in example 3; the damage rate (23%) of the cabbage leaves of the mulch film of comparative example 13 is much higher than that of examples 1,3 and 5, 5.75 times the damage rate (4%) of the leaves of example 3, because the garlic extract is unevenly distributed in the demulsified coating, and the insect resistance of the mulch film is affected.
As for comparative example 14, the results in Table 1 show that CO in the space covered by the mulch film prepared in comparative example 14 2 The concentration of (2) at 12 points in the day was 154ppm, which is already far lower than the CO of the mulch films of examples 1,3, 5 2 The concentration is also far lower than 300ppm required for photosynthesis of crops. Comparative example 14 differs from example 3 in that the negative thermal material in the insect-repellent gas exchange layer is beta-eucryptite instead of beta-eucryptite loaded with benzoyl peroxide, and that the beta-eucryptite negative thermal material without benzoyl peroxide does not initiate polymerization of the organic monomer around the particles of the negative thermal material on the surfaces of the particles, and thus does not form a dense, rigid polymer shell on the surfaces of the particles of the negative thermal material, which causes shrinkage of the beta-eucryptite particles with temperature rise, but the polymer matrix with low rigidity around the beta-eucryptite particles also shrinks and deforms with temperature rise, which causes no effective pores to be generated between the negative thermal material and the polymer shell, and thus the comparative example 14 mulch film does not have an effective ventilation effect, which causes the comparative example 14 mulch film to fail to timely absorb external fresh air CO in the gas 2 Supplementing the soil into the mulching film covered space.
Table 1 average temperature of soil covered with mulch films obtained in example 1, example 3, example 5, comparative examples 6 to 14 at a position of 5cm in depth; CO in space covered by mulch film 2 Average concentration of gas; the average number of water drops formed in the hydrophilic test of the mulching film and the contact angle of the surface of the insect-proof ventilation layer; experimental result of blade breakage rate in plutella xylostella insect resistance test
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Claims (5)
1. The ventilation insect-resistant mulching film is characterized in that a mask layer (1) and an insect-resistant air exchange layer (2) are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, air holes (11) are distributed in the mask layer, the insect-resistant air exchange layer is composed of a garlic extract-hydroxypropyl acrylate-styrene-chlorosulfonated polyethylene-polyvinyl alcohol copolymer composite negative thermal material, the negative thermal material (21) is beta-eucryptite loaded with benzoyl peroxide, the garlic extract is water-soluble powder, and the garlic extract-hydroxypropyl acrylate-styrene-chlorosulfonated polyethylene-polyvinyl alcohol copolymer composite negative thermal material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-30 parts of garlic extract, 23-30 parts of hydroxypropyl acrylate, 1-5 parts of styrene, 1-5 parts of chlorosulfonated polyethylene, 20-40 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and 8-12 parts of negative heat material; the preparation method of the ventilation insect-resistant mulching film containing the benzoyl peroxide negative thermal material comprises the following steps:
(1) 1 part by weight of benzoyl peroxide is dissolved in 99 parts by weight of toluene solvent to obtain solution A, then, beta-eucryptite with the particle size of 100-32 meshes and 30 parts by weight is soaked in the solution A for 15 hours at 25 ℃, the soaked beta-eucryptite is taken out, and the beta-eucryptite negative thermal material loaded with benzoyl peroxide is obtained after air drying for 10 hours at room temperature, wherein the weight of the benzoyl peroxide accounts for 0.1-0.12% of the total weight of the beta-eucryptite negative thermal material loaded with benzoyl peroxide;
(2) Dissolving 1-5 parts by weight of chlorosulfonated polyethylene in 1-5 parts by weight of styrene in a container to obtain a solution B; dissolving a certain weight part of ammonium persulfate initiator in a certain weight part of deionized water to obtain a solution C; then 10-30 parts by weight of garlic extract, 2.9-3.2 parts by weight of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 3.9-4.3 parts by weight of OP-10 emulsifier, 20-40 parts by weight of polyvinyl alcohol and 107-258 parts by weight of deionized water are added into the solution B, and the mixture is stirred for 30 minutes at room temperature at the rotating speed of 350-360r/min to obtain emulsion D;
(3) An emulsion containing a benzoyl peroxide loaded beta-eucryptite negative thermal material was prepared by the following method: heating a container containing emulsion D to 82 ℃ in a water bath, taking out 8-12 parts by weight of the benzoyl peroxide-loaded beta-eucryptite negative thermal material particles obtained in the step (1), adding the powder into the emulsion D, dropwise adding 23-30 parts by weight of hydroxypropyl acrylate into the emulsion D under stirring, wherein the dripping speed is 1 drop per 2 seconds, and the stirring speed is 250r/min; simultaneously, dropwise adding hydroxypropyl acrylate into the emulsion D, wherein the dropwise adding speed of the solution C obtained in the step (2) is 1 drop per 5 seconds;
(4) After the dripping of the hydroxypropyl acrylate and the solution C in the step (3) is finished, heating the reaction system to 85 ℃, and stirring at a constant temperature for reaction for 5 hours at a stirring speed of 250 r/min; after the constant-temperature stirring reaction is finished, cooling the obtained mixed solution to room temperature, and then adding concentrated ammonia water to adjust the pH of the mixed solution to be neutral to obtain emulsion E;
(5) Coating the emulsion E obtained in the step (4) on the surface of a mask layer, controlling the thickness of the emulsion E layer to be 0.18-0.5mm, and drying at room temperature to obtain an insect prevention and air exchange layer which is adhered to the surface of the mask layer and consists of a garlic extract-hydroxypropyl acrylate-styrene-chlorosulfonated polyethylene-polyvinyl alcohol copolymer composite negative thermal material;
the ventilation insect-resistant mulching film containing the benzoyl peroxide negative heat material can be obtained through the steps (1) - (5).
2. The ventilation and insect-resistant mulching film containing benzoyl peroxide negative heat material according to claim 1, wherein the material of the mask layer is polyethylene or polyvinyl chloride, and the pore diameter of the ventilation holes is distributed on the mask layerThe size is 0.5-3mm, and the distribution density of the ventilation holes is 5-20/m 2 。
3. The ventilation insect-resistant mulching film containing the benzoyl peroxide negative thermal material is characterized in that the garlic extract-hydroxypropyl acrylate-styrene-chlorosulfonated polyethylene-polyvinyl alcohol copolymer composite negative thermal material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of garlic extract, 23 parts of hydroxypropyl acrylate, 3 parts of styrene, 3 parts of chlorosulfonated polyethylene, 30 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and 8 parts of negative heat material.
4. The ventilated insect-resistant mulch film with benzoyl peroxide negative thermal material according to claim 1, wherein the ammonium persulfate initiator in the preparation step (2) is 0.65 weight parts, and the deionized water in which the ammonium persulfate initiator is dissolved is 10 weight parts.
5. The air-exchanging and insect-resistant mulch film containing negative heat benzoyl peroxide material according to claim 1, wherein the sodium dodecyl sulfate in the preparation step (2) is 3 parts by weight and the OP-10 emulsifier is 4.1 parts by weight.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310903358.4A CN116918621A (en) | 2022-02-22 | 2022-02-22 | Preparation method of ventilation insect-resistant mulching film containing benzoyl peroxide negative heat material |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210162930.1A CN115119672B (en) | 2022-02-22 | 2022-02-22 | Insect-proof ventilation mulch film and preparation method thereof |
| CN202310903358.4A CN116918621A (en) | 2022-02-22 | 2022-02-22 | Preparation method of ventilation insect-resistant mulching film containing benzoyl peroxide negative heat material |
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| CN202310903350.8A Withdrawn CN116948246A (en) | 2022-02-22 | 2022-02-22 | Preparation method of ventilation insect-resistant mulching film based on garlic extract emulsion |
| CN202310903358.4A Withdrawn CN116918621A (en) | 2022-02-22 | 2022-02-22 | Preparation method of ventilation insect-resistant mulching film containing benzoyl peroxide negative heat material |
| CN202210162930.1A Active CN115119672B (en) | 2022-02-22 | 2022-02-22 | Insect-proof ventilation mulch film and preparation method thereof |
| CN202310903361.6A Withdrawn CN116948247A (en) | 2022-02-22 | 2022-02-22 | Preparation method of mulching film containing copolymer composite negative thermal material-based insect-proof air exchange layer |
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| CN114793722B (en) * | 2021-02-02 | 2023-05-05 | 南京林业大学 | Preparation method of load type negative heat material regulated breathable drip-free mulching film |
| CN214339027U (en) * | 2021-02-02 | 2021-10-08 | 南京林业大学 | Ventilation hydrophilic mulching film |
| CN115215966B (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2023-07-25 | 南京林业大学 | Preparation method of pre-oxide-based liquid mulching film containing garlic residues |
| CN113683869B (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2022-12-30 | 海南赛诺实业有限公司 | Completely biodegradable durable agricultural mulching film and preparation method thereof |
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| CN116948247A (en) | 2023-10-27 |
| CN115119672A (en) | 2022-09-30 |
| CN116948246A (en) | 2023-10-27 |
| CN115119672B (en) | 2023-06-23 |
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