CN116898742B - 可杀灭多重耐药菌和灭活病毒的手消毒凝胶及其制备方法 - Google Patents
可杀灭多重耐药菌和灭活病毒的手消毒凝胶及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种可杀灭多重耐药菌和灭活病毒的手消毒凝胶及其制备方法,属于抗菌消毒技术领域,其由以下重量百分比的原料制成:多元醇75%~85%、过氧化物0.10%~0.15%、阳离子表面活性剂0.1%~1%、增效剂0.1%~1%、渗透剂0.1%~1.0%、护肤剂1%~5%、抗过敏修复制剂0.1~2%、增稠剂0.1~1%、pH调节剂0.1~1%,纯化水补足100%。本发明提供的手消毒凝胶,可杀灭肺炎克雷伯氏菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌等耐药菌,并可杀灭分枝杆菌、黑曲霉菌、肠道致病菌等医院感染常见细菌,同时可灭活人类冠状病毒229E、流感病毒H3N2,有效避免交叉感染。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种可杀灭多重耐药菌和灭活病毒的手消毒凝胶及其制备方法,属于抗菌消毒技术领域。
背景技术
多重耐药菌和病毒都属于致病微生物,许多疾病都与致病微生物感染相关。其中,多重耐药菌是指对三类以上抗菌药物呈现耐药性的菌株,具有复杂程度高、杀灭难度大等特点,已经成为患者在医院感染的重要病原菌之一。病毒的结构简单,没有细胞结构,难以用抗生素杀死。
手部是病毒、病菌传播的重要途径,手部消毒可一定程度上预防病毒、病菌的传播,尤其是能降低医院内的病菌感染。免洗手消毒凝胶能够清除手上的病菌,减少接触传播,而且使用方法简单,在医疗场所应用广泛,在人们日常生活中也被越来越多的被使用。
常规的免洗手消毒凝胶一般是将醇类消毒剂、氯己定、含氯消毒剂、氧化性消毒剂、季铵盐类消毒剂等成分作为消毒剂,再加入多元醇、氨基酸类、水溶性短碳链甘油酯等作为保湿剂,这类消毒剂对多重耐药菌和病毒的作用有限,而且对皮肤刺激性大。例如,洗必泰属于低效消毒剂,对分支杆菌、真菌和病毒无效。而常用的保湿剂丙三醇虽然分子结构非常小表面张力较低可以迅速渗透进皮肤角质层,但同时它是一种极喜欢吸水的的试剂,如果不先加入一定的水吸湿,那么它就会吸收人皮肤表面上的水,以至于人的皮肤失水而造成反效果,所以保湿效果有限。
需要说明的是,上述内容属于发明人的技术认知范畴,并不必然构成现有技术。
发明内容
本发明为了解决现有技术所存在的问题,提供了一种可杀灭多重耐药菌和灭活病毒的手消毒凝胶及其制备方法,可有效避免交叉感染。
本发明通过采取以下技术方案实现上述目的:
一方面,本发明提供了一种可杀灭多重耐药菌和灭活病毒的手消毒凝胶,由以下重量百分比的原料制成:多元醇75%~85%、过氧化物0.10%~0.15%、阳离子表面活性剂0.1%~1%、增效剂0.1%~1%、渗透剂0.1%~1.0%、护肤剂1%~5%、抗过敏修复制剂0.1~2%、增稠剂0.1~1%、pH调节剂0.1~1%,纯化水补足100%。
优选的,所述多元醇为乙醇、正丙醇、异丙醇中的任意一种或多种。
优选的,所述阳离子表面活性剂为十六烷基溴化吡啶、双癸基二甲基氯化铵、双癸基二甲基溴化铵、十二烷基二甲基苯甲基溴化铵、十二烷基二甲基苯甲基氯化铵、度米芬、奥替尼啶中的任意一种或多种。
优选的,所述增效剂为苯氧基乙醇、乙内酰脲、碘丙炔醇丁基氨甲酸酯、1,3-二羟甲基-5,5二甲基海因、羟甲基甘氨酸钠、对羟基苯甲酸甲酯、对羟基苯甲酸乙酯、对羟基苯甲酸丁酯中的任意一种或多种。
优选的,所述渗透剂为氮酮、薄荷脑、丙二醇中的任意一种或多种。
优选的,所述手消毒凝胶的pH值为6.0~8.0,除pH调节剂、纯化水之外其余原料的重量百分比之和不低于84%。
进一步的,所述多元醇由重量比为(7~15):1的乙醇与异丙醇组成。
进一步的,所述阳离子表面活性剂由重量比为(0.2~1):1的奥替尼啶与双癸基二甲基氯化铵组成。
进一步的,所述增效剂由重量比为(1~2):(0.1~0.5):(0.05~0.1)的苯氧基乙醇、乙内酰脲、碘丙炔醇丁基氨甲酸酯组成。
进一步的,所述渗透剂由重量比为(0.4~5): 1的氮酮与丙二醇组成。
优选的,所述过氧化物为过氧化氢、过氧乙酸、二氧化氯中的任意一种或多种;更为优选的,所述过氧化物为过氧化氢。
优选的,所述护肤剂为棕榈酸乙基己酯、羊毛脂、三甲基甘氨酸、脂肪醇、肉豆蔻醇乳酸酯、透明质酸、水溶性橄榄油、水貂油中的任意一种或多种,所述脂肪醇的碳原子数为14~22。
优选的,所述抗过敏修复制剂为尿囊素、甘草酸二钾、a-红没药醇、羧甲基脱乙酰壳多糖中的任意一种或多种。
进一步的,所述护肤剂由重量比为(10~20):1的三甲基甘氨酸与脂肪醇组成。
进一步的,所述抗过敏修复制剂由重量比为(0.5~5):1的尿囊素与甘草酸二钾组成。
优选的,所述增稠剂为卡波姆、黄原胶、羟丙基甲基纤维素、羟丙基纤维素、甲基纤维素、乙基纤维素、聚季铵盐-10中的任意一种或多种。
进一步的,所述增稠剂由重量比为(1.5~3):1的卡波姆与聚季铵盐-10组成。
优选的,所述pH调节剂为三乙醇胺、二乙醇胺、三异丙醇胺、氢氧化钠中的任意一种或多种;更为优选的,所述pH调节剂为三异丙醇胺。
另一方面,本发明还提供了所述可杀灭多重耐药菌和灭活病毒的手消毒凝胶的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)控制纯化水温不高于30℃,边搅拌边缓慢加入增稠剂,搅拌频率为10Hz~20Hz,控制水温是为防止温度过高影响产品粘度;
(2)停止搅拌,静置2h~4h,便于增稠剂溶胀、分散;
(3)开启搅拌,搅拌频率为20Hz~40Hz,搅拌1h~2h;
(4)加入多元醇,搅拌10~30min;
(5)依次加入过氧化物、阳离子表面活性剂、增效剂、渗透剂、护肤剂、抗过敏修复制剂,每种原料加入后搅拌5~10min后再加入另一种原料;
(6)以上原料全部加入后,搅拌20~30min,加入pH调节剂,搅拌30~60min,过滤,即得本发明所述的可杀灭多重耐药菌和灭活病毒的手消毒凝胶。
本申请的有益效果包括但不限于:
本发明提供的可杀灭多重耐药菌和灭活病毒的手消毒凝胶中,多元醇具有快速杀菌干燥作用,有利于消毒后手部快速干燥,且无残留,手感清爽,过氧化物在消毒过程中所释放的氧直接攻击霉菌的细胞壁、细胞质膜,对细菌组分发生氧化作用,干扰其酶系统而发挥抗菌作用,使细胞失去活性,杀死霉菌细胞和菌丝体;所加入的阳离子表面活性剂具有很强的表面活性,能吸附到菌体上,配合渗透剂的作用可快速有效渗透到菌体内,干扰菌体的生长代谢;通过多种消毒成分的复配,可实现杀菌谱广,尤其对耐药菌具有良好的杀灭效果,可杀灭肺炎克雷伯氏菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌等耐药菌,并可杀灭分枝杆菌、黑曲霉菌、肠道致病菌、化脓性球菌、致病性酵母菌等医院感染常见细菌,同时可灭活人类冠状病毒229E、流感病毒H3N2,能够有效避免交叉感染。
本发明提供的可杀灭多重耐药菌和灭活病毒的手消毒凝胶,在杀菌灭毒率高的同时减少了消毒剂的副作用,使用时手部不粘腻,对手的刺激性小。
本发明提供的可杀灭多重耐药菌和灭活病毒的手消毒凝胶,稳定性好,适用于医疗卫生机构的卫生手消毒及外科手消毒,也适用于其他场所人员预防性手消毒。
具体实施方式
在以下内容中将会对本发明进行进一步的详细描述。但是需要指出的是,以下的具体实施方式仅仅以示例性的方式给出本发明的具体操作实例,但是本发明的保护范围不仅限于此。本发明的保护范围仅仅由权利要求书所限定。本领域技术人员能够显而易见地想到,可以在本发明权利要求书限定的保护范围之内对本发明所述的实施方式进行各种其它的改良和替换,并且仍然能够实现相同的技术效果,达到本发明的最终技术目的。
如无特殊说明,本说明书中各原料通过商业途径购得。
实施例1
本实施例提供的可杀灭多重耐药菌和灭活病毒的手消毒凝胶,按重量百分比计由表1中的原料制成:
表1
本实施例提供的可杀灭多重耐药菌和灭活病毒的手消毒凝胶的制备方法如下:
(1)生产前先检查配料罐已清洗干净;
(2)向配料罐中注入纯化水,控制水温低于在20~30℃,水温过高会影响产品粘度;
(3)开启搅拌,控制电机搅拌频率为10Hz~20Hz,防止剪切力过大,影响增稠剂性能;
(4)从人孔向配料罐中缓慢加入增稠剂,速度不可过快,防止结块;
(5)停止搅拌,静置2h~4h,便于增稠剂溶胀、分散;
(6)开启搅拌,搅拌电机搅拌频率20Hz~40Hz,搅拌1h~2h;
(7)加入多元醇,搅拌10~30min;
(8)依次加入过氧化物、阳离子表面活性剂、增效剂、渗透剂、护肤剂、抗过敏修复制剂,每种原料加入后搅拌5~10 min后再加入另一种原料;
(9)以上原料全部加入后,搅拌20~30 min,加入pH调节剂,搅拌30~60min,关闭搅拌;
(10)取样送QC检测,合格后准备包装;灌装前需用10μm~30μm过滤装置过滤。
其中,本实施例中采用的三异丙醇胺和脂肪醇使用前需在40℃~50℃暖房或烘箱存放24小时,使其融化。
本实施例制备的可杀灭多重耐药菌和灭活病毒的手消毒凝胶,主要活性成分为乙醇、异丙醇、过氧化氢、奥替尼啶与双癸基二甲基氯化铵及渗透剂、增效剂,能够拓宽杀菌谱。
所采用的乙醇和异丙醇具有快速杀菌、渗透、干燥作用,有利于消毒后手部快速干燥,且无残留,手感清爽。异丙醇相比乙醇渗透性更强,对细菌和霉菌的杀灭能力也相应增强,由于醇类的溶脂作用,对冠状病毒及流感病毒有包膜的病毒效果更佳,但异丙醇有令人不愉快的刺激性气味,加入量不可过大。
所采用的阳离子表面活性剂为季铵盐型阳离子表面活性剂或者与季铵盐型阳离子表面活性剂的性质类似,具有很强的表面活性,能吸附到菌体上并可渗透到菌体内增强杀菌效果。所采用的过氧化氢中的氧原子具有极强的氧化和分解能力,能迅速穿透细菌的细胞膜,与其发生不可逆的反应,杀死细菌,还可与病毒包膜发生氧化反应,迅速杀死病毒,对大肠杆菌、葡萄球菌、病毒及真菌等多种微生物均有很好的杀灭作用,且无耐药性,对耐药菌具有良好的杀灭效果。
所采用的护肤剂和抗过敏修复制剂可以缓解醇类消毒剂的脂溶效果,降低手部频繁使用消毒剂造成的手部干裂、湿疹、发红及皲裂症状。
实施例2
本实施例提供的可杀灭多重耐药菌和灭活病毒的手消毒凝胶,按重量百分比计由表2中的组分构成:
表2
本实施例提供的可杀灭多重耐药菌和灭活病毒的手消毒凝胶的制备方法同实施例1。
实施例3
本实施例提供的可杀灭多重耐药菌和灭活病毒的手消毒凝胶,按重量百分比计由表3中的组分构成:
表3
本实施例提供的可杀灭多重耐药菌和灭活病毒的手消毒凝胶的制备方法同实施例1。
实施例4
本实施例提供的可杀灭多重耐药菌和灭活病毒的手消毒凝胶,按重量百分比计由表4中的组分构成:
表4
本实施例提供的可杀灭多重耐药菌和灭活病毒的手消毒凝胶的制备方法同实施例1。
实施例5
本实施例提供的可杀灭多重耐药菌和灭活病毒的手消毒凝胶,按重量百分比计由表5中的组分构成:
表5
实施例6
本实施例与实施例1的不同之处在于:将增效剂(苯氧基乙醇、乙内酰脲、碘丙炔醇丁基氨甲酸酯)替换为苯氧基乙醇0.8kg、乙内酰脲0.2kg。
实施例7:
本实施例与实施例1的不同之处在于:奥替尼啶与双癸基二甲基氯化铵的添加量分别为0.24kg和0.16kg。
本发明提供的可杀灭多重耐药菌和灭活病毒的手消毒凝胶,储存有效期为24个月,开启后使用有效期为90天,适用于医疗卫生机构卫生手消毒及外科手消毒,也适用于其他场所人员预防性手消毒。
本发明各实施例提供的可杀灭多重耐药菌和灭活病毒的手消毒凝胶的使用效果检测方法及检测结果如下。
1.1微生物杀灭试验和皮肤刺激试验
分别取实施例1-7制得的手消毒凝胶,依据卫生部2002年版《消毒技术规范》对微生物杀灭试验载体法进行杀灭效果检测,检测结果见表6:
表6
可见,本发明提供的手消毒凝胶可杀灭肺炎克雷伯氏菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌等耐药菌,并可杀灭分枝杆菌、黑曲霉菌、肠道致病菌、化脓性球菌、致病性酵母菌等医院感染常见细菌,同时可灭活人类冠状病毒229E、流感病毒H3N2,杀菌谱明显拓宽,能够有效避免交叉感染。
1.2感官评价试验:
分别取实施例1-7制得的护手消毒凝胶,依据中国食品药品企业质量安全促进会团体标准《T/FDSA 030-2022手消毒剂速干速率与手感评价方法》进行速干速率、手感评价及粘度试验,结果见表7:
表7
可见,本发明提供的手消毒凝胶具有快速杀菌和速干的特点,特别是对皮肤有良好的滋润作用,并且使用后没有黏腻感。
对比例1:
本对比例与实施例1的不同之处在于:将阳离子表面活性剂(奥替尼啶与双癸基二甲基氯化铵)替换为0.4kg脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚(非离子型表面活性剂)。
对比例2:
本对比例与实施例1的不同之处在于:将增效剂(苯氧基乙醇、乙内酰脲、碘丙炔醇丁基氨甲酸酯)替换为1kg苯甲酸钠。
对比例3:
本对比例与实施例1的不同之处在于:将渗透剂(氮酮与丙二醇)替换为1kg聚乙二醇。
对比例4:
本对比例与实施例1的不同之处在于:调节凝胶的pH值为5.6。
对比例5:
本对比例与实施例1的不同之处在于:
将实施例1中相应的多元醇、过氧化物、阳离子表面活性剂、增效剂、渗透剂、护肤剂、抗过敏修复制剂、增稠剂、纯化水、pH调节剂一起混合后搅拌均匀,搅拌温度为35℃。
通过上述制备方法,未能制得均一、稳定凝胶状态的手消毒凝胶,是因为各种原料一起加入导致增稠剂溶解不完全,阳离子表面活性剂和未溶解的增稠剂直接接触降低了阳离子表面活性剂的杀菌效果,并可与增稠剂部分反应形成不溶物。而且,pH调节剂过早加入导致各成分未完全溶解分散,配料时体系温度过高影响了凝胶的粘度。
对对比例1-对比例5的使用效果检测结果,见表8:
表8
可见,各对比例的使用效果明显差于本发明各实施例。
上述具体实施方式不能作为对本发明保护范围的限制,对于本技术领域的技术人员来说,对本发明实施方式所做出的任何替代改进或变换均落在本发明的保护范围内。
本发明未详述之处,均为本技术领域技术人员的公知技术。
Claims (2)
1.可杀灭多重耐药菌和灭活病毒的手消毒凝胶,其特征在于,由以下重量百分比的原料制成:多元醇75%~85%、过氧化物0.10%~0.15%、阳离子表面活性剂0.1%~1%、增效剂0.1%~1%、渗透剂0.1%~1.0%、护肤剂1%~5%、抗过敏修复制剂0.1~2%、增稠剂0.1~1%、pH调节剂0.1~1%,纯化水补足100%;
所述多元醇由重量比为(7~15):1的乙醇与异丙醇组成;
所述过氧化物为过氧化氢、过氧乙酸、二氧化氯中的任意一种或多种;
所述阳离子表面活性剂由重量比为(0.2~1):1的奥替尼啶与双癸基二甲基氯化铵组成;
所述增效剂由重量比为(1~2):(0.1~0.5):(0.05~0.1)的苯氧基乙醇、乙内酰脲、碘丙炔醇丁基氨甲酸酯组成;
所述渗透剂由重量比为(0.4~5):1的氮酮与丙二醇组成;
所述护肤剂由重量比为(10~20):1的三甲基甘氨酸与脂肪醇组成,所述脂肪醇的碳原子数为14~22;
所述抗过敏修复制剂由重量比为(0.5~5):1的尿囊素与甘草酸二钾组成;
所述增稠剂由重量比为(1.5~3):1的卡波姆与聚季铵盐-10组成;
所述手消毒凝胶的pH值为6.0~8.0,除pH调节剂、纯化水之外其余原料的重量百分比之和不低于84%;
所述可杀灭多重耐药菌和灭活病毒的手消毒凝胶的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)控制纯化水温不高于30℃,边搅拌边缓慢加入增稠剂,搅拌频率为10Hz~20Hz;
(2)停止搅拌,静置2h~4h,便于增稠剂溶胀、分散;
(3)开启搅拌,搅拌频率为20Hz~40Hz,搅拌1h~2h;
(4)加入多元醇,搅拌10~30min;
(5)依次加入过氧化物、阳离子表面活性剂、增效剂、渗透剂、护肤剂、抗过敏修复制剂,每种原料加入后搅拌5~10min后再加入另一种原料;
(6)以上原料全部加入后,搅拌20~30min,加入pH调节剂,搅拌30~60min,过滤,即得本发明所述的可杀灭多重耐药菌和灭活病毒的手消毒凝胶。
2.根据权利要求1所述的可杀灭多重耐药菌和灭活病毒的手消毒凝胶,其特征在于,所述pH调节剂为三乙醇胺、二乙醇胺、三异丙醇胺、氢氧化钠中的任意一种或多种。
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