CN116897712A - Pinus koraiensis grafting method - Google Patents
Pinus koraiensis grafting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN116897712A CN116897712A CN202311125444.3A CN202311125444A CN116897712A CN 116897712 A CN116897712 A CN 116897712A CN 202311125444 A CN202311125444 A CN 202311125444A CN 116897712 A CN116897712 A CN 116897712A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 240000007263 Pinus koraiensis Species 0.000 title claims description 15
- 235000011615 Pinus koraiensis Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 15
- 235000011610 Pinus tabuliformis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 241000018650 Pinus massoniana Species 0.000 claims abstract 10
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 16
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 25
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000035876 healing Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 241000018651 Pinus tabuliformis Species 0.000 description 22
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000218641 Pinaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005205 Pinus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000218602 Pinus <genus> Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a grafting method of Chinese pine, which relates to the technical field of Chinese pine super-tender branch grafting and comprises the following steps: (1) stock selection; (2) spike picking treatment; (3) grafting operation: s1, stock treatment; s2, scion treatment; s3, dough cutting processing; s4, jointing operation; s5, binding grafting treatment; s6, managing afterwards. The grafting method of the Chinese pine has the substantial differences from the traditional method in the aspects of grafting time, material state and the like, and has short grafting healing time and extremely high survival rate; and grow fast in the current year and next year; the overwintering preservation rate is high; in the grafting process, a new scion which is not lignified or slightly lignified is used, so that the super-tender branch grafting is easy to cut off and tie up, and survival is facilitated; selecting the new and slightly stronger Chinese pine seedlings as the stocks for 3-5 years, and having higher grafting survival rate; grafting in middle and late 5 months is in the period of vigorous growth of the high diameter of the Chinese pine scions, and the division of cambium cells belongs to the fastest stage, so that the cut surfaces of the stocks and the scions are easy to heal.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of super-tender branch grafting of Chinese pine, in particular to a Chinese pine grafting method.
Background
Pinus koraiensis (Pinus tabuliformis Carri re) is a arbor of Pinus genus of Pinaceae family. The Chinese pine root is thick and hard, and the bark is cracked into irregular thick scaly pieces; the buds are rectangular, the top ends are pointed and reddish brown; the leaves are needle-shaped, dark green, thick and hard, and the edges are provided with fine saw teeth; the flowers are ampholytic flowers, are cylindrical and are gathered into spikes at the lower part of new branches; the fruit is cone oval or round oval; the seeds are oval, and are light brown and have speckles; the flowering period is 4-5 months, and the cones are ripe in 10 months of the next year.
The grafting method of the Chinese pine is characterized in that the grafting time of the hard branch is 4-5 months, the air humidity is low during the grafting period, the water loss of the scion is serious, the formation of the healing tissue of the Chinese pine is slow, the grafting survival rate is low, the grafting time of the tender branch is 7-8 months, the scion and the stock are in a semi-lignified state, and the growth speed of the scion and the stock is lower than that of the new one which is non-lignified or slightly lignified, so that the Chinese pine grafting method is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a Chinese pine grafting method, which solves the problems in the background art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme, and the Chinese pine grafting method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Stock selection
Selecting a new and slightly stronger pinus koraiensis seedling as a stock for 3-5 years, and removing all lateral branches of the stock except a top wheel before grafting;
(2) Ear picking treatment
Collecting new slightly lignified or slightly lignified scions with the length of 8-10cm, placing the scions into a foam box with an ice bag, and rapidly conveying the scions to a grafting nursery;
(3) Grafting work
S1, stock treatment, namely slightly reserving 2-3 branches on the top wheel side of the stock and removing the rest; cutting off the stock, keeping the thickness of the section at 0.5-1cm and keeping the thickness at 6-7 cm;
s2, scion treatment, namely, removing needle leaves close to a grafting part at the grafting part of the scion, preferably at a position 5-8cm below a terminal bud;
s3, dough cutting, namely cutting out tongue-shaped inclined planes of 2-3cm from top to bottom on two sides of the grafting part of the scion, and reserving 5-6cm above the inclined planes;
s4, jointing operation, namely longitudinally cutting the stock from the section, wherein the depth of the cut is 3-3.5cm; inserting the treated scion into a stock incision to enable the cambium of the cutting surfaces at two sides of the scion to be attached to the cambium of the stock;
s5, binding grafting treatment, namely tightly winding the joint by using plastic cloth; wrapping the part above the grafting part of the scion by using plastic cloth;
and S6, managing after grafting, namely unwinding the plastic cloth wrapping the scions after the scion tips grow 1-2cm, and unwinding the plastic cloth at the joint after the grafting wound is completely healed.
Furthermore, in the grafting operation in the step (3), the grafting time is preferably 5 months in middle and late days, and the pinus koraiensis is grown to be thick and long enough, but not lignified.
Further, in the grafting operation in the step (3), the grafting site should be selected from a region closer to the cutting site.
Furthermore, in the grafting operation in the step (3), alcohol is used for cleaning the cutter to ensure smooth cut surfaces, and each time 40-50 plants are grafted, a new blade is replaced.
Furthermore, in the grafting operation in the step (3), the grafting position of the scion is preferably 5-8cm below the top bud, and the grafting position is determined according to the lignification degree of the scion.
The invention provides a grafting method of Chinese pine, which has the following beneficial effects: the grafting method of the Chinese pine has the substantial differences from the traditional method in the aspects of grafting time, material state and the like, and has short grafting healing time and extremely high survival rate (more than 98 percent); and grow fast in the current year and next year; the overwintering preservation rate is high; in the grafting process, a new scion which is not lignified or slightly lignified is used, so that the super-tender branch grafting is easy to cut off and tie up, and survival is facilitated; selecting the new and slightly stronger Chinese pine seedlings as the stocks for 3-5 years, and having higher grafting survival rate; the grafting time is 5 months in late middle ten days, which is the period of vigorous growth of the high diameter of the pine scions, and the division of cambium cells belongs to the fastest stage, so that the cut surfaces of the stocks and the scions are easy to heal.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a comparative table of an example test of a grafting method of Pinus koraiensis according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will clearly and fully describe the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments.
The grafting method of the Chinese pine comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Stock selection
Selecting a new and slightly stronger pinus koraiensis seedling as a stock for 3-5 years, and removing all lateral branches of the stock except a top wheel before grafting;
(2) Ear picking treatment
Collecting new slightly lignified or slightly lignified scions with the length of 8-10cm, placing the scions into a foam box with an ice bag, and rapidly conveying the scions to a grafting nursery;
(3) Grafting work
S1, stock treatment, namely slightly reserving 2-3 branches on the top wheel side of the stock and removing the rest; cutting off the stock, keeping the thickness of the section at 0.5-1cm and keeping the thickness at 6-7 cm;
s2, scion treatment, namely, removing needle leaves close to a grafting part at the grafting part of the scion, preferably at a position 5-8cm below a terminal bud;
s3, dough cutting, namely cutting out tongue-shaped inclined planes of 2-3cm from top to bottom on two sides of the grafting part of the scion, and reserving 5-6cm above the inclined planes;
s4, jointing operation, namely longitudinally cutting the stock from the section, wherein the depth of the cut is 3-3.5cm; inserting the treated scion into a stock incision to enable the cambium of the cutting surfaces at two sides of the scion to be attached to the cambium of the stock;
s5, binding grafting treatment, namely tightly winding the joint by using plastic cloth; wrapping the part above the grafting part of the scion by using plastic cloth;
and S6, managing after grafting, namely unwinding the plastic cloth wrapping the scions after the scion tips grow 1-2cm, and unwinding the plastic cloth at the joint after the grafting wound is completely healed.
In the grafting operation in the step (3), the grafting time is preferably 5 months in middle and late ten days, and the pinus koraiensis is grown to be thick and long enough, but not lignified.
In the grafting operation process of the step (3), the grafting site should be selected from the region close to the scion site.
In the grafting operation process of the step (3), alcohol is used for cleaning the cutter to ensure smooth cutting surfaces, and each time 40-50 plants are grafted, a new blade is replaced.
In the grafting operation in the step (3), the grafting part of the scion is preferably 5-8cm below the top bud, and the grafting part is determined according to the lignification degree of the scion.
Embodiment 1,
Grafting time: 2021, 5, 14;
grafting site: seven-ditch forest farm nursery in Pingquan city of Hebei province;
grafting plant number: 2000 plants;
weather conditions: sunny and warm 15-26 ℃;
stock selection: selecting a container seedling for transplanting of 3-year semi-grown pinus koraiensis, selecting a new and slightly stronger seedling as a stock, and removing all lateral branches of the stock except a top wheel before grafting;
spike picking treatment: collecting a new slightly nonlignified or slightly lignified scion with the length of 9cm, placing the new slightly lignified scion into a foam box with an ice bag, and rapidly conveying the new slightly lignified scion to a grafting nursery in a greenhouse area;
grafting: firstly, slightly reserving 3 branches at the top wheel side of the stock, and removing the rest; cutting off the stock, reserving 7cm, and keeping the thickness of the section at 0.9cm; removing needle leaves close to the grafting part at the 7cm position of the grafting part of the scion with the terminal bud downwards; cleaning the cutter by using alcohol to ensure the smoothness of the cut surface, cutting a tongue-shaped inclined plane of 2cm from top to bottom at two sides of the grafting part of the scion, and reserving 5cm above the inclined plane; longitudinally cutting the stock from the section slightly, wherein the depth of the cut is 3.3cm; inserting the treated scion into the stock incision to enable the scion to be attached to the cambium of the stock; tightly winding the joint by using plastic cloth; wrapping the part above the grafting part of the scion by using plastic cloth;
and (5) post-connection management: after 7 months and 15 days, when the tip of the scion grows out by 2cm, the plastic cloth wrapping the scion is unraveled later, and after the grafting wound is completely healed, the plastic cloth at the joint is unraveled;
survival rate investigation: the survival rate of grafting test is investigated and counted after 9 months and 15 days, and the total survival rate of 1982 strains is 99.1%;
overwintering preservation rate investigation: the number of the overwintering preserved strains of grafted Chinese pine is 1976, and the preservation rate reaches 98.8% at 4 and 10 days 2022.
Comparative example one,
Grafting time: 2021, 4, 2;
test site selection: the city of the beard in Hebei province;
grafting plant number: 400 plants;
weather conditions: sunny and warm 5-16 ℃;
stock selection: the same as in the first embodiment;
spike picking treatment: selecting branches with full top buds in the crowns of excellent single plants, and grafting hard branches;
grafting: the same as in the first embodiment;
and (5) post-connection management: the same as in the first embodiment;
survival rate investigation: the survival rate of the grafting test is investigated and counted for 11 days in 8 months, 202 plants are survived together, and the survival rate is 50.5%;
overwintering preservation rate investigation: the number of the overwintering preserved strains of grafted Chinese pine is 192 after 4 months and 10 days of 2022, and the preservation rate reaches 48%.
Comparative example II,
Grafting time: 2021, 5, 14;
test site selection: the city of the beard in Hebei province;
grafting plant number: 400 plants;
weather conditions: sunny and warm 15-26 ℃;
stock selection: selecting 6-year semi-grown Chinese pine to transplant container seedlings, selecting new and slightly sturdy seedlings as stocks, retaining two layers of stocks before grafting, and trimming three to four layers of round branches;
spike picking treatment: the same as in the first embodiment;
grafting: the same as in the first embodiment;
and (5) post-connection management: the same as in the first embodiment;
survival rate investigation: after 9 months and 15 days, the survival rate of the grafting test is investigated and counted, the total survival rate of 237 strains is 59.25%;
overwintering preservation rate investigation: the number of the overwintering preserved strains of the grafted pinus koraiensis is 230 after 4 months and 10 days of 2022, and the preservation rate reaches 57.5%.
Comparative example III,
Grafting time: 2021, 6, 15;
test site selection: the city of the beard in Hebei province;
grafting plant number: 400 plants;
weather conditions: sunny and warm 20-26 ℃;
stock selection: the same as in the first embodiment;
spike picking treatment: the same as in the first embodiment;
grafting: the same as in the first embodiment;
and (5) post-connection management: the same as in the first embodiment;
survival rate investigation: 10 months and 20 days, investigation and statistics are carried out to obtain the survival rate of the grafting test, the total survival rate of 323 plants is 80.75 percent;
overwintering preservation rate investigation: the number of the overwintering preserved strains of grafted Chinese pine is 306 strains, and the preservation rate reaches 76.5% after 4 days and 10 days of 2022.
As can be seen from FIG. 1, the survival rate is low by adopting the hard branch grafting in spring or adopting the stock more than 6 years, so that the grafting survival rate of the Chinese pine can be greatly improved by adopting the 3-5 year-old stock and the method for carrying out the tender branch grafting.
In summary, the grafting method of the Chinese pine comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Stock selection: selecting a 5-year old, new and slightly stronger pinus koraiensis seedling as a stock, and removing all lateral branches of the stock except a top wheel before grafting;
(2) Spike picking treatment: collecting a new slightly nonlignified or slightly lignified scion with the length of 10cm, placing the new slightly lignified scion into a foam box with an ice bag, and rapidly conveying the new slightly lignified scion to a grafting nursery;
(3) Grafting: in the process, the cutter is cleaned by alcohol, so that the smoothness of the cut surface is ensured, 45 plants are grafted, new blades are replaced, and the later-stage survival rate of the pine grafting method reaches 99.5%.
In summary, the grafting method of the Chinese pine comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Stock selection: selecting a new and slightly stronger pinus koraiensis seedling as a stock for 3-5 years, and removing all lateral branches of the stock except a top wheel before grafting;
(2) Spike picking treatment: collecting new slightly lignified or slightly lignified scions with the length of 8-10cm, placing the scions into a foam box with an ice bag, and rapidly conveying the scions to a grafting nursery;
(3) Grafting: the grafting time is preferably 5 months in middle and late days, at the moment, the new pinus koraiensis grows to be thick and long enough, but is not lignified, the grafting site is selected to be carried out in a region close to the scion site, and firstly, 2-3 branches are slightly reserved on the top wheel side of the stock and the rest is removed; cutting off the stock, keeping the thickness of the section at 0.5-1cm and keeping the thickness at 6-7 cm; the grafting position of the scion is preferably 5-8cm below the top bud, and needle leaves close to the grafting position are removed according to the lignification degree of the scion; cutting a tongue-shaped inclined plane with the length of 2-3cm from top to bottom at two sides of the scion grafting part, and reserving 5-6cm above the inclined plane; longitudinally cutting the stock from the section slightly, wherein the depth of the cut is 3-3.5cm; inserting the treated scion into a stock incision to enable the cambium of the cutting surfaces at two sides of the scion to be attached to the cambium of the stock; tightly winding the joint by using plastic cloth; wrapping the part above the grafting part of the scion by using plastic cloth; when the scion tip grows out by 1-2cm, the plastic cloth wrapping the scion is unraveled later, and when the grafting wound is completely healed, the plastic cloth at the joint is unraveled, in the process, the cutter is cleaned by alcohol, the smoothness of the cut surface is ensured, and each time 40-50 plants are grafted, a new blade is replaced, and the new scion tip is easy to lose water, so that the grafting time requirement is strict.
The grafting method of the Chinese pine has the substantial differences from the traditional method in the aspects of grafting time, material state and the like, and has short grafting healing time and extremely high survival rate (more than 98 percent); and grow fast in the current year and next year; the overwintering preservation rate is high; in the grafting process, a new or slightly lignified super-tender branch is used as a scion, so that the super-tender branch is easy to cut flat and tie up, and survival is facilitated; selecting the new and slightly stronger Chinese pine seedlings as the stocks for 3-5 years, and having higher grafting survival rate; the grafting time is 5 months in late middle ten days, which is the period of vigorous growth of the high diameter of the pine scions, and the division of cambium cells belongs to the fastest stage, so that the cut surfaces of the stocks and the scions are easy to heal.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical scheme of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The grafting method of the Chinese pine is characterized by comprising the following specific steps of:
(1) Stock selection
Selecting a new and slightly stronger pinus koraiensis seedling as a stock for 3-5 years, and removing all lateral branches of the stock except a top wheel before grafting;
(2) Ear picking treatment
Collecting new slightly lignified or slightly lignified scions with the length of 8-10cm, placing the scions into a foam box with an ice bag, and rapidly conveying the scions to a grafting nursery;
(3) Grafting work
S1, stock treatment, namely slightly reserving 2-3 branches on the top wheel side of the stock and removing the rest; cutting off the stock, keeping the thickness of the section at 0.5-1cm and keeping the thickness at 6-7 cm;
s2, scion treatment, namely, removing needle leaves close to a grafting part at the grafting part of the scion, preferably at a position 5-8cm below a terminal bud;
s3, dough cutting, namely cutting out tongue-shaped inclined planes of 2-3cm from top to bottom on two sides of the grafting part of the scion, and reserving 5-6cm above the inclined planes;
s4, jointing operation, namely longitudinally cutting the stock from the section, wherein the depth of the cut is 3-3.5cm; inserting the treated scion into a stock incision to enable the cambium of the cutting surfaces at two sides of the scion to be attached to the cambium of the stock;
s5, binding grafting treatment, namely tightly winding the joint by using plastic cloth; wrapping the part above the grafting part of the scion by using plastic cloth;
and S6, managing after grafting, namely unwinding the plastic cloth wrapping the scions after the scion tips grow 1-2cm, and unwinding the plastic cloth at the joint after the grafting wound is completely healed.
2. The grafting method of Chinese pine according to claim 1, wherein: in the grafting operation in the step (3), the grafting time is preferably 5 months in middle and late ten days, and the pinus koraiensis is grown to be thick and long enough, but not lignified.
3. The grafting method of Chinese pine according to claim 1, wherein: in the grafting operation process of the step (3), the grafting site should be selected from the region close to the scion site.
4. The grafting method of Chinese pine according to claim 1, wherein: in the grafting operation process of the step (3), alcohol is used for cleaning the cutter to ensure smooth cutting surfaces, and each time 40-50 plants are grafted, a new blade is replaced.
5. The grafting method of Chinese pine according to claim 1, wherein: in the grafting operation in the step (3), the grafting part of the scion is preferably 5-8cm below the top bud, and the grafting part is determined according to the lignification degree of the scion.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106134783A (en) * | 2015-04-21 | 2016-11-23 | 高仁丽 | A kind of conifer plant grafting method |
| CN106258503A (en) * | 2015-06-02 | 2017-01-04 | 乌洪国 | Pinus koraiensis fruit-bearing forest grafting of tender branch in summer technology |
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2023
- 2023-09-02 CN CN202311125444.3A patent/CN116897712A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106134783A (en) * | 2015-04-21 | 2016-11-23 | 高仁丽 | A kind of conifer plant grafting method |
| CN106258503A (en) * | 2015-06-02 | 2017-01-04 | 乌洪国 | Pinus koraiensis fruit-bearing forest grafting of tender branch in summer technology |
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| 夏树让等: "优质无公害鲜枣标准化生产新技术", 31 May 2008, 科学技术出版社, pages: 47 * |
| 孙时轩等: "林木种苗手册", vol. 1, 30 November 1985, 中国林业出版社, pages: 419 * |
| 格桑曲珍;杨涛;米玛次仁;史社强;旦增罗布;旦增尼玛;: "拉萨北山彰武松嫩枝嫁接研究", 安徽农业科学, no. 03, 8 February 2020 (2020-02-08), pages 15 - 218 * |
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