CN116875083A - Layered combustion carbon black reaction equipment - Google Patents
Layered combustion carbon black reaction equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN116875083A CN116875083A CN202311152441.9A CN202311152441A CN116875083A CN 116875083 A CN116875083 A CN 116875083A CN 202311152441 A CN202311152441 A CN 202311152441A CN 116875083 A CN116875083 A CN 116875083A
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 119
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 117
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 480
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 248
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 248
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 239
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 236
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- DOTMOQHOJINYBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N molecular nitrogen;molecular oxygen Chemical compound N#N.O=O DOTMOQHOJINYBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 claims 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/44—Carbon
- C09C1/48—Carbon black
- C09C1/50—Furnace black ; Preparation thereof
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- Pigments, Carbon Blacks, Or Wood Stains (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of carbon black production, in particular to layered combustion carbon black reaction equipment. In order to solve the problem that the traditional carbon black reaction equipment cannot control the single variable of the reaction temperature, the wind speed and the oxygen combustion allowance, the novel layered combustion carbon black reaction equipment is provided, and comprises a carbon black reaction furnace, a nitrogen-oxygen separator, a nitrogen preheater and an oxygen preheater; the circumferential wall of the carbon black reaction furnace is provided with a nitrogen inlet and a raw oil nozzle, the radial center of the nitrogen uniform distribution chamber is inserted with a combustion mixing inlet pipe, and the starting end of the combustion mixing inlet pipe is provided with a gas inlet and an oxygen inlet; the separated nitrogen outlet and the separated oxygen outlet of the nitrogen-oxygen separator are respectively communicated with the nitrogen inlet and the oxygen inlet of the carbon black reaction furnace after passing through the nitrogen preheater and the oxygen preheater respectively. The device realizes the separation of three related variables of reaction temperature, wind speed and oxygen combustion allowance, and improves the quality stability of products.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of carbon black production, in particular to layered combustion carbon black reaction equipment.
Background
Carbon black is a black powder, and is widely used in rubber, plastic, ink, paint, battery and other fields due to its good electrical conductivity, abrasion resistance, heat resistance and chemical stability. Carbon black is generally produced using a cylindrical carbon black reaction furnace. The reactor is divided into three sections, in the first reaction section, air and gas are introduced from the axial direction or tangential direction of the reactor, by means of their combustion, a high-temperature combustion gas stream is obtained, which flows into the axially connected second reaction section, where the feed oil is introduced into the gas stream, so that carbon black is formed, and in the third reaction section, after the residual oil is carbonized, the reaction gas is quenched, so that the reaction is terminated.
In the traditional carbon black reaction equipment, the influence factors of the carbon black reaction efficiency mainly comprise reaction temperature, wind speed and oxygen combustion allowance; meanwhile, as the highest bearing temperature of the refractory material of the reaction furnace is limited, the air is generally adopted to reduce the highest temperature of the fuel gas and prevent equipment from being damaged, but the reaction temperature and the oxygen combustion allowance are liable to change, and uncontrollable variables which are not needed by the process are caused, so that the quality of the carbon black product and the fluctuation of the yield are influenced; in addition, when it is necessary to increase the reaction efficiency of carbon black by increasing the reaction temperature, it is necessary to increase the amount of coal gas, but this affects the reaction wind speed; when the wind speed needs to be increased to improve the reaction efficiency of the carbon black, the gas amount or the air amount needs to be increased, but the reaction temperature is increased or the oxygen combustion allowance is excessive; when the oxygen balance needs to be reduced, the air quantity needs to be reduced, but the wind speed is reduced and the reaction temperature is increased. In summary, the reaction temperature, the wind speed and the oxygen combustion allowance cannot be controlled by a single variable, the reaction control precision is low, and the product quality stability is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a new stratified combustion carbon black reaction device, which aims to solve the problem that the traditional carbon black reaction device cannot control single variables of reaction temperature, wind speed and oxygen combustion allowance.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a layered combustion carbon black reaction device comprises a carbon black reaction furnace, a nitrogen-oxygen separator, a nitrogen preheater, an oxygen blower and a nitrogen blower; the nitrogen-oxygen separator is provided with an air inlet, a separated nitrogen outlet and a separated oxygen outlet; the nitrogen preheater is provided with a preheating nitrogen inlet, a preheating nitrogen outlet, a first reaction gas inlet and a first reaction gas outlet; the oxygen preheater is provided with a preheating oxygen inlet, a preheating oxygen outlet, a second reaction gas inlet and a second reaction gas outlet; the nitrogen blower is provided with a nitrogen blower inlet and a nitrogen blower outlet, and the oxygen blower is provided with an oxygen blower inlet and an oxygen blower outlet;
the carbon black reaction furnace comprises a cylindrical furnace body, a combustion chamber and a nitrogen gas uniform distribution chamber are arranged in the furnace body, a uniform distributor is arranged between the combustion chamber and the nitrogen gas uniform distribution chamber, a nitrogen gas inlet is arranged on the circumferential wall of the furnace body corresponding to the nitrogen gas uniform distribution chamber, a combustion mixing inlet pipe with the initial end positioned outside the furnace body and the tail end positioned at the position of the combustion chamber, which is close to the region of the uniform distributor, and is axially arranged is inserted in the radial center of the nitrogen gas uniform distribution chamber, a gas inlet and an oxygen gas inlet are arranged at the initial end of the combustion mixing inlet pipe, a raw oil nozzle which is radially arranged and is introduced into the radial center region of the combustion chamber is arranged on the circumferential wall of the furnace body corresponding to the combustion chamber, and a total reaction gas outlet is arranged on the end face, which is far away from the nitrogen gas uniform distribution chamber, of the furnace body corresponding to the combustion chamber;
the nitrogen outlet of the nitrogen-oxygen separator is communicated with the nitrogen fan inlet of the nitrogen fan through a first nitrogen pipeline, the nitrogen fan outlet of the nitrogen fan is communicated with the preheating nitrogen inlet of the nitrogen preheater through a second nitrogen pipeline, a nitrogen emptying valve is arranged on the second nitrogen pipeline, the preheating nitrogen outlet of the nitrogen preheater is communicated with the nitrogen inlet of the carbon black reaction furnace through a third nitrogen pipeline, a nitrogen inlet flowmeter is arranged on the third nitrogen pipeline, and the total reaction gas outlet of the carbon black reaction furnace is communicated with the first reaction gas inlet of the nitrogen preheater through a reaction gas pipeline;
the first reaction gas outlet of the nitrogen gas preheater is communicated with the second reaction gas inlet of the oxygen gas preheater through a communicating pipeline, the second reaction gas outlet of the oxygen gas preheater is discharged to the next process, the separation oxygen outlet of the nitrogen gas oxygen separator is communicated with the oxygen blower inlet of the oxygen blower through a first oxygen pipeline, the oxygen blower outlet of the oxygen blower is communicated with the preheating oxygen inlet of the oxygen gas preheater through a second oxygen pipeline, an oxygen vent valve is arranged on the second oxygen communicating pipeline, the preheating oxygen outlet of the oxygen gas preheater is communicated with the oxygen inlet of the carbon black reaction furnace through a third oxygen pipeline, and an oxygen inlet flowmeter is arranged on the third oxygen pipeline.
Working principle: 1) Analysis of the structure of the carbon black reaction furnace: firstly, nitrogen in air and oxygen are separated, then the oxygen and the gas are mixed and then are introduced into a combustion chamber for central combustion, the nitrogen enters the combustion chamber after passing through an even distributor, the nitrogen entering the combustion chamber is diffused along the inner wall of the combustion chamber due to arrangement of a combustion mixing inlet pipe, the mixed oxygen and gas in the combustion mixing inlet pipe enter the middle part of the combustion chamber, so that the mixed oxygen and gas are centrally combusted to form layered combustion, compared with the combustion of the gas and the air, the layered combustion inevitably leads to the reduction of the temperature of the gas contacted by the furnace wall, and the furnace wall is contacted with the gas with lower oxidizing property than the nitrogen of the oxygen, so that the service life of the furnace wall is prolonged, and on the other hand, the reaction concentration of the raw oil is the concentration of the raw oil in the center along the radial direction, namely, the concentration of the raw oil in the center is high, the concentration of the raw oil in the edge is identical with the temperature distribution of the oxygen and the gas mixed in the center and the nitrogen at the edge, so that heat energy is effectively utilized; 2) Based on the design of the layered combustion carbon black reaction furnace, the oxygen flow and the nitrogen flow can be independently regulated, so that the single variable control of the reaction temperature, the wind speed and the oxygen combustion allowance is facilitated, the purpose of relatively accurately improving the reaction efficiency is realized, and the specific control is as follows: a. the reaction efficiency is improved by improving the reaction temperature, and the constant air speed and oxygen combustion allowance are ensured: when the temperature is increased, the gas flow and the oxygen flow are increased, so that the total heat energy after combustion is increased, wherein the oxygen flow is increased by 0.8 times of the gas flow and 0.8 is the oxygen amount consumed by the unit gas, the constant oxygen combustion allowance is ensured, the nitrogen flow is reduced to balance the total volume of the whole gas after the gas flow and the oxygen flow are increased (when the oxygen flow is increased, the flow of air entering the nitrogen-oxygen separator is increased, the discharged oxygen flow is increased, and then the redundant nitrogen flow is partially exhausted through a nitrogen vent valve), so that the constant wind speed is ensured; b. the reaction efficiency is improved by improving the wind speed, and the reaction temperature and the oxygen combustion allowance are ensured to be constant: when the wind speed is increased, the nitrogen flow is increased, so that the total gas flow is increased, the purpose of increasing the wind speed is achieved, and the increase of the nitrogen flow can lead to the reduction of the reaction temperature, so that the reaction temperature is ensured to be constant by increasing the gas and the adaptive oxygen flow (when the nitrogen flow is increased, the flow of air entering the nitrogen-oxygen separator is increased, so that the discharged nitrogen flow and the oxygen flow are increased, and then the redundant oxygen is partially discharged through an oxygen discharging valve, so that the oxygen combustion allowance is ensured to be constant); c. the reaction efficiency is improved by reducing the oxygen combustion allowance, and the wind speed and the reaction temperature are ensured to be constant: when the oxygen combustion allowance is reduced, the total volume is kept constant by improving the nitrogen flow, the air speed is ensured to be constant, the oxygen combustion allowance is only reduced, the oxygen amount consumed by combustion is not changed, and the total heat energy after combustion is ensured to be constant, so that the reaction temperature is ensured to be constant, the consumption of the oxygen combustion allowance to raw oil is reduced, and the conversion rate of products is improved. The improvement of the oxygen or nitrogen flow is realized by improving the air flow entering the nitrogen-oxygen separator, at the moment, the nitrogen flow is improved while the oxygen flow is improved, and the oxygen flow is also improved while the nitrogen flow is improved, so that the redundant nitrogen flow or redundant oxygen flow needs to be partially emptied through a nitrogen emptying valve or an oxygen emptying valve matched with a nitrogen inlet flowmeter and an oxygen inlet flowmeter, the oxygen or nitrogen flow is reduced, only a part of oxygen or nitrogen needs to be emptied through the oxygen emptying valve or the nitrogen emptying valve, and the single variable adjustment of the oxygen flow and the nitrogen flow is convenient.
Further, a nitrogen temperature measuring element is arranged on the third nitrogen pipeline, a nitrogen bypass pipeline is communicated between the third nitrogen pipeline and the second nitrogen pipeline, and a nitrogen bypass valve is arranged on the nitrogen bypass pipeline. When the temperature of the third nitrogen pipeline measured by the nitrogen temperature measuring element is higher than the set furnace feeding demand temperature, the opening of the nitrogen bypass valve can be increased, the temperature of nitrogen entering the carbon black reaction furnace is reduced, the stability of the whole gas volume entering the carbon black reaction furnace is ensured, the single furnace feeding temperature variable control is convenient to realize, and further, the accurate control when the single control is carried out on three related variables of the reaction temperature, the wind speed and the oxygen combustion allowance is also convenient to realize, so that the influence of the temperature of the nitrogen entering the furnace body on the final control precision is avoided.
Further, an oxygen temperature measuring element is arranged on the third oxygen pipeline, an oxygen bypass pipeline is communicated between the third oxygen pipeline and the second oxygen pipeline, and an oxygen bypass valve is arranged on the oxygen bypass pipeline. When the temperature of the third oxygen pipeline measured by the oxygen temperature measuring element is higher than the set furnace feeding demand temperature, the opening of the oxygen bypass valve can be increased, the stability of the whole gas volume entering the carbon black reaction furnace is ensured, the single furnace feeding temperature variable control is convenient to realize, and further, the accurate control when the single control is carried out on three related variables of the reaction temperature, the wind speed and the oxygen combustion allowance is also convenient to realize, so that the influence of the oxygen temperature entering the furnace body on the final control precision is avoided.
Further, a jacket is arranged outside the furnace body corresponding to the combustion chamber of the carbon black reaction furnace, a nitrogen preheating inlet and a nitrogen preheating outlet are arranged on the jacket, the nitrogen preheating inlet is communicated with a nitrogen fan outlet of a nitrogen fan through a preheating inlet pipeline, the nitrogen preheating outlet is communicated with a preheating nitrogen inlet of a nitrogen preheater through a preheating outlet pipeline, and a nitrogen emptying valve is arranged on the preheating outlet pipeline. The structural design of the jacket is utilized, so that on one hand, the waste heat full utilization of the carbon black reaction furnace is improved, the resource utilization rate is improved, and on the other hand, the hidden danger of high-temperature scalding outside the carbon black reaction furnace is also solved.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the equipment skillfully adopts the nitrogen-oxygen separator to separate nitrogen from oxygen, thereby realizing the separation of three related variables of reaction temperature, wind speed and oxygen combustion allowance, becoming a single variable, improving the reaction control precision, solving the problems of raw oil waste caused by side reaction and improving the product quality stability; meanwhile, the furnace wall is protected by nitrogen, so that the oxidation deformation of the reaction furnace is slowed down while the wall temperature is reduced, and the service life of the equipment is prolonged; in addition, on the premise of not influencing other reaction conditions, the actual input quantity of oxygen is controlled, and the useless combustion consumption of residual oxygen on the raw oil is reduced, so that the raw oil is saved, the oil consumption is reduced, and the product synthesis efficiency is improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings which are used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it will be obvious to a person skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of a stratified charge combustion of a carbon black reaction furnace.
In the figure: the device comprises a 1-carbon black reaction furnace, a 2-combustion chamber, a 3-nitrogen uniform distribution chamber, a 4-nitrogen inlet, a 5-combustion mixing inlet pipe, a 6-gas inlet, a 7-oxygen inlet, a 8-raw oil nozzle, a 9-uniform distributor, a 10-nitrogen preheating inlet, a 11-nitrogen preheating outlet, a 12-jacket, a 13-nitrogen-oxygen separator, a 14-nitrogen preheater, a 15-oxygen preheater, a 16-oxygen blower, a 17-nitrogen blower, a 18-first nitrogen pipeline, a 19-second nitrogen pipeline, a 20-nitrogen vent valve, a 21-third nitrogen pipeline, a 22-nitrogen inlet flowmeter, a 23-reaction gas pipeline, a 24-communication pipeline, a 25-first oxygen pipeline, a 26-second oxygen pipeline, a 27-oxygen vent valve, a 28-third oxygen pipeline, a 29-oxygen inlet flowmeter, a 30-nitrogen temperature measuring element, a 31-nitrogen bypass pipeline, a 32-nitrogen bypass valve, a 33-nitrogen outlet flowmeter, a 34-oxygen temperature measuring element, a 35-oxygen bypass pipeline, a 36-oxygen bypass valve, a 37-oxygen outlet flowmeter.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the invention will be more clearly understood, a further description of the invention will be made. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.
In the description, it should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. It should be noted that, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the terms described above will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as the case may be.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be practiced otherwise than as described herein; it will be apparent that the embodiments in the specification are only some, but not all, embodiments of the invention.
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a stratified combustion carbon black reaction apparatus includes a carbon black reaction furnace 1, a nitrogen-oxygen separator 13, a nitrogen preheater 14, an oxygen preheater 15, an oxygen blower 16, and a nitrogen blower 17; the nitrogen-oxygen separator 13 is provided with an air inlet, a separated nitrogen outlet and a separated oxygen outlet; the nitrogen preheater 14 is provided with a preheating nitrogen inlet, a preheating nitrogen outlet, a first reaction gas inlet and a first reaction gas outlet; the oxygen preheater 15 is provided with a preheated oxygen inlet, a preheated oxygen outlet, a second reaction gas inlet and a second reaction gas outlet; the nitrogen blower 17 is provided with a nitrogen blower inlet and a nitrogen blower outlet, and the oxygen blower 16 is provided with an oxygen blower inlet and an oxygen blower outlet;
the carbon black reaction furnace 1 comprises a cylindrical furnace body, a combustion chamber 2 and a nitrogen gas uniform distribution chamber 3 are arranged in the furnace body, a uniform distributor 9 is arranged between the combustion chamber 2 and the nitrogen gas uniform distribution chamber 3, a nitrogen gas inlet 4 is arranged on the circumferential wall of the furnace body corresponding to the nitrogen gas uniform distribution chamber 3, a combustion mixing inlet pipe 5 with the initial end positioned outside the furnace body and the tail end positioned in the combustion chamber 2 and close to the region position of the uniform distributor 9 and axially arranged is inserted in the radial center of the nitrogen gas uniform distribution chamber 3, a gas inlet 6 and an oxygen inlet 7 are arranged at the initial end of the combustion mixing inlet pipe 5, a raw oil nozzle 8 which is radially arranged and introduced into the radial center region of the combustion chamber is arranged on the circumferential wall of the furnace body corresponding to the combustion chamber 2, and a total reaction gas outlet is arranged on the end face, far away from the nitrogen gas uniform distribution chamber 3, of the furnace body corresponding to the combustion chamber 2;
the separation nitrogen outlet of the nitrogen-oxygen separator 13 is communicated with the nitrogen fan inlet of the nitrogen fan 17 through a first nitrogen pipeline 18, the nitrogen fan outlet of the nitrogen fan 17 is communicated with the preheating nitrogen inlet of the nitrogen preheater 14 through a second nitrogen pipeline 19, a nitrogen vent valve 20 is arranged on the second nitrogen pipeline 19, the preheating nitrogen outlet of the nitrogen preheater 14 is communicated with the nitrogen inlet 4 of the carbon black reaction furnace 1 through a third nitrogen pipeline 21, a nitrogen inlet flowmeter 22 is arranged on the third nitrogen pipeline 21, and the total reaction gas outlet of the carbon black reaction furnace 1 is communicated with the first reaction gas inlet of the nitrogen preheater 14 through a reaction gas pipeline 23;
the first reaction gas outlet of the nitrogen preheater 14 is communicated with the second reaction gas inlet of the oxygen preheater 15 through a communication pipeline 24, the second reaction gas outlet of the oxygen preheater 15 is discharged to the next process, the separation oxygen outlet of the nitrogen-oxygen separator 13 is communicated with the oxygen blower inlet of the oxygen blower 16 through a first oxygen pipeline 25, the oxygen blower outlet of the oxygen blower 16 is communicated with the preheating oxygen inlet of the oxygen preheater 15 through a second oxygen pipeline 26, an oxygen vent valve 27 is arranged on the second oxygen pipeline 26, the preheating oxygen outlet of the oxygen preheater 15 is communicated with the oxygen inlet 7 of the carbon black reaction furnace 1 through a third oxygen pipeline 28, and an oxygen inlet flowmeter 29 is arranged on the third oxygen pipeline 28.
Working principle: 1) Analysis of the structure of the carbon black reaction furnace 1: firstly, nitrogen in air and oxygen are separated, then the oxygen and the gas are mixed and then are introduced into a combustion chamber 2 for central combustion, the nitrogen enters the combustion chamber 2 after passing through an even distributor 9, the nitrogen entering the combustion chamber 2 is diffused along the inner wall of the combustion chamber 2 due to the arrangement of a combustion mixing inlet pipe 5, the mixed oxygen and gas in the combustion mixing inlet pipe 5 enter the middle part in the combustion chamber 2, the mixed oxygen and gas are centrally combusted to form layered combustion, compared with the combustion of the gas and the air, the layered combustion inevitably leads to the reduction of the temperature of the gas contacted by a furnace wall, and the furnace wall is the nitrogen with lower oxidizing property than the oxygen, so that the service life of the furnace wall is prolonged, and on the other hand, the raw oil reaction concentration is shown to diffuse radially from the center, namely, the raw oil concentration at the center is high, the raw oil concentration at the edge is low, and is exactly matched with the temperature distribution of the mixed oxygen and gas at the center and the nitrogen at the edge, so that heat energy is effectively utilized; 2) Based on the design of the layered combustion carbon black reaction furnace 1, the oxygen flow and the nitrogen flow can be independently regulated, so that the single variable control of the reaction temperature, the wind speed and the oxygen combustion allowance is convenient, the aim of relatively accurately improving the reaction efficiency is realized, and the specific control is as follows: a. the reaction efficiency is improved by improving the reaction temperature, and the constant air speed and oxygen combustion allowance are ensured: when the temperature is increased, the gas flow and the oxygen flow are increased, so that the total heat energy after combustion is increased, wherein the oxygen flow is increased by 0.8 times of the gas flow and 0.8 is the oxygen amount consumed by the unit gas, the constant oxygen combustion allowance is ensured, the nitrogen flow is reduced to make up the total volume of the whole gas after the gas flow and the oxygen flow are increased (when the oxygen flow is increased, the flow of air entering the nitrogen-oxygen separator 13 is increased, the discharged oxygen flow is increased, and then the redundant nitrogen flow is partially exhausted through the nitrogen vent valve 20), so that the constant wind speed is ensured; b. the reaction efficiency is improved by improving the wind speed, and the reaction temperature and the oxygen combustion allowance are ensured to be constant: when the wind speed is increased, the nitrogen flow is increased, so that the total gas flow is increased, the purpose of increasing the wind speed is achieved, and the increase of the nitrogen flow can lead to the reduction of the reaction temperature, so that the reaction temperature is ensured to be constant by increasing the gas and the adaptive oxygen flow (when the nitrogen flow is increased, the flow of air entering the nitrogen-oxygen separator 13 is increased, so that the discharged nitrogen flow and the oxygen flow are increased, and then the redundant oxygen is partially discharged through the oxygen discharge valve 27, so that the oxygen combustion allowance is ensured to be constant); c. the reaction efficiency is improved by reducing the oxygen combustion allowance, and the wind speed and the reaction temperature are ensured to be constant: when the oxygen combustion allowance is reduced, the total volume is kept constant by improving the nitrogen flow, the air speed is ensured to be constant, the oxygen combustion allowance is only reduced, the oxygen amount consumed by combustion is not changed, and the total heat energy after combustion is ensured to be constant, so that the reaction temperature is ensured to be constant, the consumption of the oxygen combustion allowance to raw oil is reduced, and the conversion rate of products is improved. The above-mentioned improvement of the flow rate of oxygen or nitrogen is achieved by increasing the flow rate of air entering the nitrogen-oxygen separator 13, at this time, the flow rate of oxygen is increased, and the flow rate of nitrogen is increased, and the flow rate of oxygen is also increased, so that the flow rate of redundant nitrogen or redundant oxygen needs to be partially emptied through the nitrogen emptying valve 20 or the oxygen emptying valve 27 in combination with the nitrogen inlet flow meter 22 and the oxygen inlet flow meter 29, and the flow rate of oxygen or nitrogen is reduced, and only a part of oxygen or nitrogen needs to be emptied through the oxygen emptying valve 27 or the nitrogen emptying valve 20, so that the single variable adjustment of the flow rate of oxygen and the flow rate of nitrogen is convenient.
In specific implementation, the third nitrogen pipeline 21 is provided with a nitrogen temperature measuring element 30, a nitrogen bypass pipeline 31 is communicated between the third nitrogen pipeline 21 and the second nitrogen pipeline 19, and the nitrogen bypass pipeline 31 is provided with a nitrogen bypass valve 32. When the temperature of the third nitrogen pipeline 21 measured by the nitrogen temperature measuring element 30 is higher than the set furnace feeding demand temperature, the opening of the nitrogen bypass valve 32 can be increased, the temperature of nitrogen entering the carbon black reaction furnace 1 is reduced, the stability of the whole gas volume entering the carbon black reaction furnace 1 is ensured, the single furnace feeding temperature variable control is convenient to realize, and further, the accurate control when the single control is carried out on three related variables of the reaction temperature, the wind speed and the oxygen combustion allowance is also convenient to realize, so that the influence of the temperature of the nitrogen entering the furnace body on the final control precision is avoided.
In specific implementation, the third oxygen pipeline 28 is provided with an oxygen temperature measuring element 34, an oxygen bypass pipeline 35 is communicated between the third oxygen pipeline 28 and the second oxygen pipeline 26, and the oxygen bypass pipeline 35 is provided with an oxygen bypass valve 36. When the temperature of the third oxygen pipeline 28 measured by the oxygen temperature measuring element 34 is higher than the set furnace-entering demand temperature, the opening of the oxygen bypass valve 36 can be increased, the stability of the whole gas volume entering the carbon black reaction furnace 1 is ensured, the single furnace-entering temperature variable control is convenient to realize, and further, the accurate control when the single control is carried out on three relevant variables of the reaction temperature, the wind speed and the oxygen combustion allowance is also convenient to realize, so that the influence of the oxygen temperature entering the furnace body on the final control precision is avoided.
In specific implementation, the second nitrogen pipeline 19 is provided with the nitrogen outlet flowmeter 33, the second oxygen pipeline 26 is provided with the oxygen outlet flowmeter 37, the actual separation ratio of nitrogen and oxygen is checked in real time, the normal operation of the nitrogen-oxygen separator 13 is ensured, and the layered combustion effect of the carbon black reaction furnace 1 is ensured.
In specific implementation, a jacket 12 is arranged outside the furnace body corresponding to the combustion chamber 2 of the carbon black reaction furnace 1, a nitrogen preheating inlet 10 and a nitrogen preheating outlet 11 are arranged on the jacket 12, the nitrogen preheating inlet 10 is communicated with a nitrogen fan outlet of a nitrogen fan 17 through a preheating inlet pipeline, the nitrogen preheating outlet 11 is communicated with a preheating nitrogen inlet of a nitrogen preheater 14 through a preheating outlet pipeline, and a nitrogen emptying valve 20 is arranged on the preheating outlet pipeline. The structural design utilization of the jacket 12 improves the full utilization of the waste heat of the carbon black reaction furnace 1, improves the utilization rate of resources, and solves the hidden danger of high-temperature scalding outside the carbon black reaction furnace 1.
In specific implementation, the third nitrogen pipeline 21 is provided with a nitrogen temperature measuring element 30, a nitrogen bypass pipeline 31 is arranged between the preheating outlet pipeline and the third nitrogen pipeline 21, and a nitrogen bypass valve 32 is arranged on the nitrogen bypass pipeline 31. When the temperature of the third nitrogen pipeline 21 measured by the nitrogen temperature measuring element 30 is higher than the set furnace feeding demand temperature, the opening of the nitrogen bypass valve 32 can be increased, the temperature of nitrogen entering the carbon black reaction furnace 1 is reduced, the stability of the whole gas volume entering the carbon black reaction furnace 1 is ensured, the single furnace feeding temperature variable control is convenient to realize, and further, the accurate control when the single control is carried out on three related variables of the reaction temperature, the wind speed and the oxygen combustion allowance is also convenient to realize, so that the influence of the temperature of the nitrogen entering the furnace body on the final control precision is avoided.
In specific implementation, the third oxygen pipeline 28 is provided with an oxygen temperature measuring element 34, an oxygen bypass pipeline 35 is communicated between the third oxygen pipeline 28 and the second oxygen pipeline 26, and the oxygen bypass pipeline 35 is provided with an oxygen bypass valve 36. When the temperature of the third oxygen pipeline 28 measured by the oxygen temperature measuring element 34 is higher than the set furnace-entering demand temperature, the opening of the oxygen bypass valve 36 can be increased, the stability of the whole gas volume entering the carbon black reaction furnace 1 is ensured, the single furnace-entering temperature variable control is convenient to realize, and further, the accurate control when the single control is carried out on three relevant variables of the reaction temperature, the wind speed and the oxygen combustion allowance is also convenient to realize, so that the influence of the oxygen temperature entering the furnace body on the final control precision is avoided.
In particular, the preheating inlet pipe is provided with a nitrogen outlet flow meter 33, and the second oxygen pipe 26 is provided with an oxygen outlet flow meter 37. The actual separation ratio of the nitrogen and the oxygen is checked in real time, so that the normal operation of the nitrogen-oxygen separator 13 is ensured, and the stratified combustion effect of the carbon black reaction furnace 1 is ensured.
In the specific embodiment, the raw oil nozzles 8 are distributed on the circumferential wall of the furnace body corresponding to the combustion chamber 2 in a circumferential direction, so that the raw oil is distributed uniformly and the reaction is more complete.
The foregoing is only a specific embodiment of the invention to enable those skilled in the art to understand or practice the invention. Although described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the embodiments, and they should be construed as covering the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. The stratified combustion carbon black reaction device is characterized by comprising a carbon black reaction furnace (1), a nitrogen-oxygen separator (13), a nitrogen preheater (14), an oxygen preheater (15), an oxygen blower (16) and a nitrogen blower (17); an air inlet, a separated nitrogen outlet and a separated oxygen outlet are arranged on the nitrogen-oxygen separator (13); the nitrogen preheater (14) is provided with a preheating nitrogen inlet, a preheating nitrogen outlet, a first reaction gas inlet and a first reaction gas outlet; the oxygen preheater (15) is provided with a preheating oxygen inlet, a preheating oxygen outlet, a second reaction gas inlet and a second reaction gas outlet; a nitrogen fan inlet and a nitrogen fan outlet are formed in the nitrogen fan (17), and an oxygen fan inlet and an oxygen fan outlet are formed in the oxygen fan (16);
the carbon black reaction furnace (1) comprises a cylindrical furnace body, a combustion chamber (2) and a nitrogen gas uniform distribution chamber (3) are arranged in the furnace body, a uniform distributor (9) is arranged between the combustion chamber (2) and the nitrogen gas uniform distribution chamber (3), a nitrogen gas inlet (4) is formed in the circumferential wall of the furnace body corresponding to the nitrogen gas uniform distribution chamber (3), a combustion mixing inlet pipe (5) with the initial end positioned outside the furnace body and the tail end positioned in the combustion chamber (2) and close to the regional position of the uniform distributor (9) and axially arranged is inserted in the radial center of the nitrogen gas uniform distribution chamber (3), a gas inlet (6) and an oxygen inlet (7) are formed in the initial end of the combustion mixing inlet pipe (5), a raw oil nozzle (8) which is radially arranged and is communicated with the radial center region of the combustion chamber is arranged on the circumferential wall of the furnace body corresponding to the combustion chamber (2), and a total reaction gas outlet is formed in the end face of the furnace body corresponding to the combustion chamber (2) and far away from the nitrogen gas uniform distribution chamber (3);
the nitrogen outlet of the nitrogen-oxygen separator (13) is communicated with the nitrogen inlet of the nitrogen fan (17) through a first nitrogen pipeline (18), the nitrogen outlet of the nitrogen fan (17) is communicated with the preheating nitrogen inlet of the nitrogen preheater (14) through a second nitrogen pipeline (19), a nitrogen vent valve (20) is arranged on the second nitrogen pipeline (19), the preheating nitrogen outlet of the nitrogen preheater (14) is communicated with the nitrogen inlet (4) of the carbon black reaction furnace (1) through a third nitrogen pipeline (21), a nitrogen inlet flowmeter (22) is arranged on the third nitrogen pipeline (21), and the total reaction gas outlet of the carbon black reaction furnace (1) is communicated with the first reaction gas inlet of the nitrogen preheater (14) through a reaction gas pipeline (23);
the first reaction gas outlet of the nitrogen preheater (14) is communicated with the second reaction gas inlet of the oxygen preheater (15) through a communication pipeline (24), the second reaction gas outlet of the oxygen preheater (15) is discharged to the next working procedure, the separation oxygen outlet of the nitrogen-oxygen separator (13) is communicated with the oxygen blower inlet of the oxygen blower (16) through a first oxygen pipeline (25), the oxygen blower outlet of the oxygen blower (16) is communicated with the preheating oxygen inlet of the oxygen preheater (15) through a second oxygen pipeline (26), an oxygen vent valve (27) is arranged on the second oxygen pipeline (26), the preheating oxygen outlet of the oxygen preheater (15) is communicated with the oxygen inlet (7) of the carbon black reaction furnace (1) through a third oxygen pipeline (28), and an oxygen inlet flowmeter (29) is arranged on the third oxygen pipeline (28).
2. The stratified charge combustion soot reaction device according to claim 1, characterized in that a nitrogen temperature measuring element (30) is arranged on the third nitrogen pipeline (21), a nitrogen bypass pipeline (31) is communicated between the third nitrogen pipeline (21) and the second nitrogen pipeline (19), and a nitrogen bypass valve (32) is arranged on the nitrogen bypass pipeline (31).
3. The stratified combustion soot reaction device according to claim 2, characterized in that an oxygen temperature measuring element (34) is arranged on the third oxygen pipeline (28), an oxygen bypass pipeline (35) is communicated between the third oxygen pipeline (28) and the second oxygen pipeline (26), and an oxygen bypass valve (36) is arranged on the oxygen bypass pipeline (35).
4. A stratified charge combustion carbon black reaction apparatus as claimed in claim 3 wherein the second nitrogen conduit (19) is provided with a nitrogen outlet flow meter (33) and the second oxygen conduit (26) is provided with an oxygen outlet flow meter (37).
5. The stratified combustion carbon black reaction device according to claim 1, characterized in that a jacket (12) is arranged outside the furnace body corresponding to the combustion chamber (2) of the carbon black reaction furnace (1), a nitrogen preheating inlet (10) and a nitrogen preheating outlet (11) are arranged on the jacket (12), the nitrogen preheating inlet (10) is communicated with a nitrogen fan outlet of a nitrogen fan (17) through a preheating inlet pipeline, the nitrogen preheating outlet (11) is communicated with a preheating nitrogen inlet of a nitrogen preheater (14) through a preheating outlet pipeline, and a nitrogen emptying valve (20) is arranged on the preheating outlet pipeline.
6. The stratified charge combustion soot reaction apparatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein a nitrogen temperature measuring element (30) is provided on the third nitrogen pipe (21), a nitrogen bypass pipe (31) is provided between the preheating outlet pipe and the third nitrogen pipe (21), and a nitrogen bypass valve (32) is provided on the nitrogen bypass pipe (31).
7. The stratified combustion soot reaction device according to claim 6, wherein an oxygen temperature measuring element (34) is provided on the third oxygen pipe (28), an oxygen bypass pipe (35) is provided between the third oxygen pipe (28) and the second oxygen pipe (26), and an oxygen bypass valve (36) is provided on the oxygen bypass pipe (35).
8. A stratified charge combustion carbon black reaction apparatus as claimed in claim 7 wherein the preheating inlet conduit is provided with a nitrogen outlet flow meter (33) and the second oxygen conduit (26) is provided with an oxygen outlet flow meter (37).
9. The stratified combustion carbon black reaction apparatus as claimed in claim 8, wherein the raw oil nozzles (8) are provided in plurality and circumferentially and uniformly distributed on the circumferential wall of the furnace body corresponding to the combustion chamber (2).
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117772172A (en) * | 2024-02-23 | 2024-03-29 | 山西安仑化工有限公司 | Preparation method and preparation device of titanium oxide/magnetic carbon black catalytic material |
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