CN111196900A - Method for producing high-purity special carbon black by using coke oven gas - Google Patents
Method for producing high-purity special carbon black by using coke oven gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN111196900A CN111196900A CN201811371298.1A CN201811371298A CN111196900A CN 111196900 A CN111196900 A CN 111196900A CN 201811371298 A CN201811371298 A CN 201811371298A CN 111196900 A CN111196900 A CN 111196900A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/44—Carbon
- C09C1/48—Carbon black
- C09C1/50—Furnace black ; Preparation thereof
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for producing high-purity special carbon black by coke oven gas, which comprises the following steps: 1) separating air components, extracting nitrogen in the air to ensure that the content of the nitrogen in the air after the nitrogen is separated is within 5-65%, and liquefying and storing the separated nitrogen; 2) heating the air after nitrogen separation to 250-550 ℃ by using a waste heat exchanger of a coke oven system; 3) dedusting, dewatering, desulfurizing and tar removing coke oven gas, and preheating to 100-130 ℃; 4) dedusting, dehydrating and desulfurizing natural gas; 5) when entering a reaction furnace, introducing the air preheated in the step 2 and the coke oven gas obtained in the step 3 into the furnace through a first air inlet and a second air inlet respectively through a guide device, and heating to combust the air and the coke oven gas to generate heat; 6) and (4) introducing the natural gas obtained in the step (4) into the furnace through a third air inlet, heating for the second time, and carrying out cracking reaction to generate carbon black. The invention has the effects of energy saving, consumption reduction, emission reduction and environmental protection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for producing carbon black, in particular to a method for producing high-purity special carbon black by using coke oven gas.
Background
With the continuous development of the carbon black industry and the continuous expansion of the application field of the carbon black, the technical requirements for the type and quality of the carbon black are continuously updated, and the furnace carbon black is still the main factor when the carbon black industry develops to the present. There are mainly a pure natural gas furnace method, an oil-gas furnace method and an oil-oil furnace method. The pure gas furnace carbon black is produced by using hydrocarbon combustible gas as fuel and raw material through the old process of combustion, incomplete combustion and cracking. The new process of oil-gas and oil-oil is characterized by that it uses fuel gas or oil to burn and supply the energy for cracking raw oil, and the combustion and cracking have obvious limit, and its technology is quickly updated, and its regulation and control measures are more. Far ahead of the old pure gas furnace method production technology. In addition to the increasing of the current daily shortage of natural gas energy and the improvement of environmental protection requirements, carbon black produced by a pure gas furnace method faces a severe test, three large-scale coke-oven plants exist within a radius of 3 kilometers in a severe new chemical industry place in Xinjiang, the generated coke-oven gas needs to be effectively utilized, and the environmental protection pressure brought by emission is reduced. Therefore, the invention provides a method for producing high-purity special carbon black by using coke oven gas and natural gas as fuels and raw materials in the practice of reforming crude oil-natural gas in the drastic new chemical industry. The pressure brought by energy and environmental protection is effectively relieved, and the requirements of high-end industries on high-purity carbon black are met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for producing high-purity special carbon black by using coke oven gas, which makes full use of all components in the coke oven gas, realizes comprehensive utilization of the coke oven gas and reduces SO2And CO2And NOxThe environmental protection pressure is reduced. The invention relates to a method for producing high-purity special carbon black by coke oven gas, which comprises the following steps:
1) extracting nitrogen from air by separating air components to ensure that the content of the nitrogen in the air after the nitrogen is separated is within 5% -65%, and liquefying and storing the separated nitrogen;
2) heating the air after nitrogen separation to 250-550 ℃ by using a waste heat exchanger of a coke oven system;
3) dedusting, dewatering, desulfurizing and tar-removing coke oven gas, and preheating to 100-130 ℃;
4) dedusting, dehydrating and desulfurizing natural gas;
5) when entering a reaction furnace, respectively introducing the air preheated in the step 2 and the coke oven gas obtained in the step 3 into the furnace through a guide device, and heating the air and the coke oven gas to combust the gas to generate heat;
6) and (4) introducing the natural gas obtained in the step (4) into a furnace, raising the temperature for the second time, and carrying out cracking reaction to generate carbon black.
The invention has the advantages that: the air is separated to obtain the nitrogen which is the useless gas for producing the carbon black, the air quantity entering the furnace is reduced, the oxygen content of the air in unit volume is indirectly increased, then the air temperature is raised to 250-550 ℃ by utilizing a system waste heat exchanger and then enters the furnace, the fuel consumption and the air consumption are reduced, the pressure of a production system is reduced, and the processing capacity is increased. Meanwhile, coke oven gas with low price is used as fuel, natural gas is used as auxiliary raw material, the mode that combustion and cracking are not distinguished in the production of the traditional gas furnace method is changed, and the flow-guiding combustion device disclosed by the invention is used for preheating the raw material natural gas after air and coke oven gas are firstly combusted, and then cracking the natural gas at high temperature to generate high-purity carbon black.
The invention adopts partial coke oven gas as fuel, partial coke oven gas and natural gas are mixed according to proportion as raw materials, and combustion and cracking are distinguished by using a special device. The heat value of the coke oven gas is about 0.5 times of that of natural gas, and the main component is H2(55-60%)、CO（5-8%）、CH4（23-27%）、CO2(1.5%-2.3%)、N2(3%-7%)、O2(0.3-0.8%) and C2The above unsaturated hydrocarbons (2-4%) contain small amounts of tar and moisture together. Wherein H2、CO、CH4、C2The above unsaturated hydrocarbons account for 85-97% in total, and are used as carbon black reaction raw material due to CH4The content is low and the yield is not economical. But the pure fuel can completely replace most natural gas, and the production cost is greatly reduced. In order to produce high purity carbon black, the coal gas must be first detarred and then desulfurized to a sulfur content of less than 0.5mg/m3And then removing water and dust. The natural gas also needs to be dewatered, dedusted and desulfurized to reduce the sulfur content to 0.5mg/m3Then preheated to 100-130 ℃ by a waste heat preheater.
The invention utilizes airPassing through a physical separation system to separate N in the air2Separating out N in the air2The content is reduced to 5% -65%, the oxygen concentration in the air entering the furnace per unit volume is improved to 30% -65%, the air is subjected to fine filtration treatment, impurities in the materials participating in the reaction are eliminated as much as possible, and because the fuel gas and the air are preheated, the furnace entering amount of the air is 1/4-1/3 lower than that of the traditional production, the single-line treatment amount and the single-line capacity of the device are increased, the energy consumption is reduced, the yield is improved by 10% -30%, and the production cost is reduced by 15% -35%.
The invention relates to a method for producing ultrapure carbon black by using coke oven gas. The method comprises the steps of dedusting, dewatering and desulfurizing coke oven gas, then feeding the coke oven gas into a specially designed combustor for combustion to generate heat, cracking natural gas serving as a raw material, and generating thermally cracked ultrapure carbon black. The process waste heat is used for generating power or heating process air. Meanwhile, nitrogen in the air is separated into liquid nitrogen by using air separation equipment, so that the oxygen content of the process air is improved, and the single-line capacity and the raw material conversion rate are improved. The invention has the advantages of short process line, low investment and little pollution, has obvious effects of energy saving, consumption reduction, emission reduction and environmental protection compared with the production of the traditional product, and simultaneously, also expands the application field and high-end requirements of the product, improves the added value of the product and promotes the economic benefit.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for producing high-purity special carbon black by using coke oven gas, which comprises the following steps:
1) extracting nitrogen from air by separating air components to ensure that the content of the nitrogen in the air after the nitrogen is separated is within 5% -65%, and liquefying and storing the separated nitrogen;
2) after the nitrogen content of the air is reduced by separation, the air is purified by a dust removal device and then is sent to a waste heat exchanger by a fan, the waste heat exchanger adopts the heat generated after the combustion of the tail gas to raise the temperature of the air to 250 ℃ -550 ℃, and then the air is sent to a carbon black reaction furnace;
3) coke oven gas is subjected to tar removal, and the coke oven gas and natural gas are subjected to desulfurization and dust removal respectively, so that the sulfur content is reduced to 0.5mg/m3Removing water through a steam-water separator, then exchanging heat through a gas preheater, heating coke oven gas and natural gas to 100-130 ℃, and then sending the coke oven gas and the natural gas to a carbon black reaction furnace;
4) when entering a reaction furnace, introducing the air preheated in the step 2 and the coke oven gas obtained in the step 3 into the furnace through a first air inlet and a second air inlet respectively through a guide device, and heating to combust the air and the coke oven gas to generate heat;
5) the preheated coke oven gas and air enter the furnace end of the carbon black reaction furnace through the cyclone burner to be combusted, the pressure of the mixed gas is controlled to be 8-10kPa, and the oxygen content of the mixed gas is far greater than the amount required by the complete combustion of the coke oven gas (the air-gas ratio is 25-30: 1) the coke oven gas is close to complete combustion to release heat, so that natural gas (the pressure is controlled to be 10 kPa) entering the reaction furnace from the diversion type burner is heated, oxygen in process air is consumed by combustion, the oxygen content in high-temperature mixed combustion gas flow is reduced, and after the natural gas is sprayed out from the diversion burner, incomplete combustion and cracking are carried out under the action of rotating high-temperature gas flow, and high-purity carbon black is generated.
6) And separating carbon black flue gas generated by the reaction in a pulse bag filter, conveying the carbon black to a granulator for granulation, performing magnetic separation and screening, and packaging to obtain a finished product. The separated tail gas is sent to a power plant by a tail gas pressurizing fan to generate power, and part of the tail gas is sent to a tail gas combustion furnace to carry out heat exchange and heating on process air. The tail gas is generated and then supplied to the production line to provide power for equipment operation.
The invention has the advantages that: the air is separated to obtain the nitrogen which is the useless gas for producing the carbon black, the air quantity entering the furnace is reduced, the oxygen content of the air in unit volume is indirectly increased, then the air temperature is raised to 250-550 ℃ by utilizing a system waste heat exchanger and then enters the furnace, the fuel consumption and the air consumption are reduced, the pressure of a production system is reduced, and the processing capacity is increased. Meanwhile, coke oven gas with low price is used as fuel, natural gas is used as auxiliary raw material, the mode that combustion and cracking are not distinguished in the production of the traditional gas furnace method is changed, and the flow-guiding combustion device disclosed by the invention is used for preheating the raw material natural gas after air and coke oven gas are firstly combusted, and then cracking the natural gas at high temperature to generate high-purity carbon black.
The invention adopts partial coke oven gas as fuel, partial coke oven gas and natural gas are mixed according to proportion as raw materials, and combustion and cracking are distinguished by using a special device. The heat value of the coke oven gas is about 0.5 times of that of natural gas, and the main component is H2(55-60%)、CO（5-8%）、CH4（23-27%）、CO2(1.5%-2.3%)、N2(3%-7%)、O2(0.3-0.8%) and C2The above unsaturated hydrocarbons (2-4%) contain small amounts of tar and moisture together. Wherein H2、CO、CH4、C2The above unsaturated hydrocarbons account for 85-97% in total, and are used as carbon black reaction raw material due to CH4The content is low and the yield is not economical. But the pure fuel can completely replace most natural gas, and the production cost is greatly reduced. In order to produce high purity carbon black, the coal gas must be first detarred and then desulfurized to a sulfur content of less than 0.5mg/m3And then removing water and dust. The natural gas also needs to be dewatered, dedusted and desulfurized to reduce the sulfur content to 0.5mg/m3Then preheated to 100-130 ℃ by a waste heat preheater.
The invention utilizes the air to pass through a physical separation system to separate N in the air2Separating out N in the air2The content is reduced to 5% -65%, the oxygen concentration in the air entering the furnace per unit volume is improved to 30% -65%, the air is subjected to fine filtration treatment, impurities in the materials participating in the reaction are eliminated as much as possible, and because the fuel gas and the air are preheated, the furnace entering amount of the air is 1/4-1/3 lower than that of the traditional production, the single-line treatment amount and the single-line capacity of the device are increased, the energy consumption is reduced, the yield is improved by 10% -30%, and the production cost is reduced by 15% -35%.
The invention adopts a cyclone burner for distinguishing combustion and cracking, and combines with the traditional flow guide burner, thereby improving the high-energy consumption production mode which is not distinguished by combustion and cracking in the traditional process. The coke oven gas and the preheated air preferentially enter a combustion chamber of the reaction furnace for combustion, the feed gas lags behind the fuel gas and enters the reaction furnace, and incomplete combustion and cracking are carried out after the combustion heat is temporarily preheated, so that the heat efficiency, the reaction speed and the conversion rate are improved.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solution of the present invention by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. The invention relates to a method for producing high-purity special carbon black by coke oven gas, which comprises the following steps:
1) extracting nitrogen from air by separating air components to ensure that the content of the nitrogen in the air after the nitrogen is separated is within 5% -65%, and liquefying and storing the separated nitrogen;
2) heating the air after nitrogen separation to 250-550 ℃ by using a waste heat exchanger of a coke oven system;
3) dedusting, dewatering, desulfurizing and tar-removing coke oven gas, and preheating to 100-130 ℃;
4) dedusting, dehydrating and desulfurizing natural gas;
5) when entering a reaction furnace, introducing the air preheated in the step 2 and the coke oven gas obtained in the step 3 into the furnace through a first air inlet and a second air inlet respectively through a guide device, and heating to combust the air and the coke oven gas to generate heat;
6) introducing the natural gas obtained in the step 4 into a furnace through a third air inlet, heating for the second time, and carrying out cracking reaction to generate carbon black;
and a diversion type burner is arranged in the furnace.
2. The method for producing high-purity special carbon black by using coke oven gas as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that:
removing tar from coke oven gas, and desulfurizing and dedusting natural gas to reduce sulfur content to 0.5mg/m3Then, the water is removed by a steam-water separator,then heat exchange is carried out through a gas preheater, coke oven gas and natural gas are heated to 100 ℃, and then the coke oven gas and the natural gas are sent to a carbon black reaction furnace;
the preheated coke oven gas and air enter the burner for combustion through the cyclone burner at the burner of the carbon black reaction furnace, the pressure of the mixed gas is controlled to be 8-10kPa, the oxygen content of the mixed gas is far greater than the amount (air-gas ratio is 25-30: 1) required by the complete combustion of the coke oven gas, so that the coke oven gas is close to the complete combustion to release heat, thereby heating the natural gas (the pressure is controlled to be 10 kPa) entering the reaction furnace from the diversion type burner, the oxygen content in the high-temperature mixed combustion gas flow is reduced due to the consumption of the oxygen in the process air by the combustion, and the natural gas is ejected from the diversion burner and is subjected to incomplete combustion and cracking under the action of the rotating high-temperature gas flow to generate the high-purity carbon black.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811371298.1A CN111196900A (en) | 2018-11-18 | 2018-11-18 | Method for producing high-purity special carbon black by using coke oven gas |
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| CN201811371298.1A CN111196900A (en) | 2018-11-18 | 2018-11-18 | Method for producing high-purity special carbon black by using coke oven gas |
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| CN111196900A true CN111196900A (en) | 2020-05-26 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116875083A (en) * | 2023-09-08 | 2023-10-13 | 山西安仑化工有限公司 | Layered combustion carbon black reaction equipment |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116875083A (en) * | 2023-09-08 | 2023-10-13 | 山西安仑化工有限公司 | Layered combustion carbon black reaction equipment |
| CN116875083B (en) * | 2023-09-08 | 2023-11-17 | 山西安仑化工有限公司 | Layered combustion carbon black reaction equipment |
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Application publication date: 20200526 |