CN220413262U - Negative pressure fume stove - Google Patents
Negative pressure fume stove Download PDFInfo
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- CN220413262U CN220413262U CN202320010805.9U CN202320010805U CN220413262U CN 220413262 U CN220413262 U CN 220413262U CN 202320010805 U CN202320010805 U CN 202320010805U CN 220413262 U CN220413262 U CN 220413262U
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- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 title claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 218
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 147
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 147
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 109
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 20
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011064 split stream procedure Methods 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004807 localization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
A negative pressure flue gas furnace comprising: a furnace body; the split-flow pyrolysis reaction device comprises a material heating distributor and an extension spiral pyrolysis reactor, wherein the material heating distributor is arranged in the furnace body, and a material distribution inlet of the material heating distributor is connected with a material inlet pipe and is used for heating materials and distributing the materials to the extension spiral pyrolysis reactor so as to carry out pyrolysis reaction; the extension spiral pyrolysis reactor is arranged in the furnace body, and a material pyrolysis inlet and a material outlet of the extension spiral pyrolysis reactor are respectively connected with a material distribution outlet and a product outlet pipe of the material heating distributor; the flame channel of the burner passes through the furnace wall and is communicated with the hearth, and is used for supplying high-temperature flue gas into the hearth; and the negative pressure induced air control system is used for controlling the temperature of the hearth and the temperature of the flue gas discharged by the flue gas outlet pipe. The negative pressure flue gas furnace is used for preparing natural gas by activating hydrocarbon with high temperature water under the anaerobic condition without adding methanation catalyst.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the field of coal chemical industry, and particularly relates to a negative pressure flue gas furnace.
Background
The natural gas produced by coal is used as clean industry, so that coal resources are greatly saved, and the coal value is improved. Especially, the energy structure of 'oil deficiency, gas lack and coal enrichment' is aimed at actively developing the coal-to-natural gas industry, realizing the on-site conversion of coal, reducing the transportation cost and having very important strategic significance.
The industrial grade coal-to-natural gas devices put into production worldwide are fewer, china is devoted to the localization of the whole technical chain of the coal-to-natural gas for a long time, but the industrial grade coal-to-natural gas device really enters into industrial application. The whole production process flow of the natural gas produced by coal can be briefly described as follows: raw material coal reacts with high-purity oxygen and medium-pressure steam to prepare raw gas; cooling the raw gas by sulfur-resistant oil-resistant transformation, desulfurizing and decarbonizing to obtain clean gas; the clean gas enters a methanation device to synthesize methane, and natural gas is produced. The main process production device comprises an air separation device, a crushed coal pressurized gasifier, a sulfur-resistant oil-resistant conversion device, a gas purification device, a methanation synthesis device and a wastewater treatment device.
Methanation is one of key core technologies for changing coal into clean natural gas, and carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and hydrogen generated by coal gasification are catalyzed to generate methane under the action of high temperature, high pressure and a catalyst. The methanation catalyst plays a critical role in the chemical reaction process, and is also a key point for limiting the autonomy of the whole system of the coal-to-natural gas in China. Since the main flow process route is essentially established, many studies have been conducted around improvements in methanation catalysts.
Disclosure of Invention
The inventor of the utility model discovers in research that a methanation catalyst is not required to be additionally added in the process of preparing natural gas from coal, and the methanation catalyst can be realized by utilizing catalytic components contained in coal. Based on the subversion discovery, the utility model provides a negative pressure flue gas furnace which is used for the brand new technology for preparing natural gas by activating hydrocarbon with high temperature water.
In order to achieve the above object, the present utility model provides a negative pressure flue gas furnace, comprising:
the furnace body is provided with a material inlet pipe, a flue gas outlet pipe and a product outlet pipe which penetrate through the furnace wall;
the split-flow pyrolysis reaction device comprises a material heating distributor and an extension spiral pyrolysis reactor, wherein the material heating distributor is arranged in the furnace body, and a material distribution inlet of the material heating distributor is connected with the material inlet pipe and is used for heating materials and distributing the materials to the extension spiral pyrolysis reactor so as to carry out pyrolysis reaction; the extended spiral pyrolysis reactor is arranged in the furnace body, and a material pyrolysis inlet and a material outlet of the extended spiral pyrolysis reactor are respectively connected with a material distribution outlet of the material heating distributor and the product outlet pipe;
the flame channel of the burner passes through the furnace wall and is communicated with the hearth, and the burner is used for supplying high-temperature flue gas into the hearth; and
the negative pressure induced air control system is used for controlling the temperature of the hearth and the temperature of the flue gas discharged by the flue gas outlet pipe;
the split-flow pyrolysis reaction device is horizontal, and the material heating distributor, the spiral pyrolysis reactor and the flame channel of the burner are coaxially arranged along the horizontal direction.
Preferably, the furnace body is made of refractory materials, the outer wall of the furnace body is provided with a heat-insulating material layer, and the outer part of the heat-insulating material layer is covered with a metal shell; the furnace body is formed by pouring and/or building refractory materials, and the heat-insulating material layer comprises a heat-insulating paint layer and a heat-insulating cotton layer;
the furnace wall comprises a front wall, a rear wall and a side wall arranged between the front wall and the rear wall, the material inlet pipe and the flue gas outlet pipe penetrate through the front wall, the product outlet pipe penetrates through the side wall from the bottom, and a flame channel of the burner penetrates through the rear wall and is communicated with the hearth.
Preferably, gaps are arranged between the material heating distributor, the extension spiral pyrolysis reactor and the furnace wall of the furnace body.
Preferably, the material heating distributor is provided with a material distribution inlet and a material distribution outlet, and the extension spiral pyrolysis reactor is provided with a material pyrolysis inlet and a material outlet;
the material distribution inlet of the material heating distributor is connected with a material inlet pipe, the material pyrolysis inlet is connected with a material distribution outlet of the material heating distributor, and a material outlet of the extension spiral pyrolysis reactor is connected with a product outlet pipe;
the material heating distributor comprises an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder sleeved outside the inner cylinder;
the material distribution inlet is arranged at the front end of the outer barrel, and a smoke outlet is arranged on the side wall of the outer barrel;
the front end of the inner cylinder is closed, the rear end of the inner cylinder is provided with a smoke inlet, and a smoke outlet of the outer cylinder is communicated with the inside of the inner cylinder through a smoke pipeline so as to allow smoke entering the inner cylinder through the smoke inlet to be discharged through the smoke pipeline and the smoke outlet in sequence;
a material distribution channel is formed between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, the front end of the material distribution channel is communicated with the material distribution inlet, and the rear end of the material distribution channel is provided with the material distribution outlet.
Preferably, the extended spiral pyrolysis reactor is annular and comprises an annular inner wall, an annular outer wall sleeved outside the inner wall and an annular bottom wall connected between the inner wall and the outer wall;
the inner wall is connected with the inner barrel and defines a superheated flue for flue gas to pass through, and a spiral sheet structure arranged around the inner wall is arranged between the inner wall and the outer wall so as to form a spiral material pyrolysis channel between the inner wall and the outer wall;
the material pyrolysis inlet is formed in the front end of the material pyrolysis channel, the material pyrolysis inlet is communicated with a material distribution outlet of the material heating distributor, the rear end of the material pyrolysis channel is sealed by the bottom wall, and a material outlet which is respectively communicated with the material pyrolysis channel and the product outlet pipe is formed in the outer wall.
Preferably, the negative pressure induced air control system comprises a controller, a negative pressure induced draft fan, a hearth temperature sensor and a discharging flue gas temperature sensor, wherein the negative pressure induced draft fan is connected with the flue gas outlet pipe, and the hearth temperature sensor and the discharging flue gas temperature sensor are respectively used for measuring the hearth temperature and the flue gas temperature;
the controller controls the rotating speed of the negative pressure induced draft fan and the power of the burner according to the measuring results of the hearth temperature sensor and the tapping flue gas temperature sensor so as to keep the hearth temperature in a first temperature range and keep the flue gas temperature in a second temperature range;
when the temperature of the hearth is higher than the upper limit of the first temperature range and the temperature of the flue gas is higher than the upper limit of the second temperature range, the controller controls the rotating speed of the negative pressure induced draft fan to be increased and controls the power of the combustor to be reduced; when the hearth temperature is lower than the lower limit of the first temperature range and the flue gas temperature is lower than the lower limit of the second temperature range, the controller controls the rotating speed of the negative pressure induced draft fan to be reduced and controls the power of the combustor to be increased.
Preferably, the negative pressure induced draft control system further comprises a feeding valve and a product initial temperature sensor, wherein the feeding valve is arranged on the material inlet pipe, and the product initial temperature sensor is used for measuring the temperature of the product discharged by the product outlet pipe;
the controller controls the opening degree of the feeding valve and/or the power of the burner according to the measurement result of the product initial temperature sensor so as to keep the product temperature within a third temperature range;
wherein when the product temperature is above the upper limit of the third temperature range, the controller controls the opening of the feed valve to increase and/or controls the power of the burner to decrease; when the product temperature is below the lower limit range of the third temperature, the controller controls the opening of the feed valve to decrease and/or controls the power of the burner to increase.
Preferably, the negative pressure flue gas furnace further comprises a flue gas heat exchanger and a product gas heat exchanger, wherein the flue gas heat exchanger is arranged at the outlet end of the flue gas outlet pipe, and the product gas heat exchanger is arranged at the outlet end of the product outlet pipe;
the flue gas heat exchanger comprises a high-temperature flue gas heat exchanger and a low-temperature flue gas heat exchanger which are connected in series, and the product gas heat exchanger comprises a high-temperature product gas heat exchanger and a low-temperature product gas heat exchanger which are connected in series.
Preferably, the negative pressure induced draft fan is arranged at the outlet end of the low-temperature flue gas heat exchanger;
the negative pressure induced air control system further comprises a smoke final discharge temperature sensor, wherein the smoke final discharge temperature sensor is arranged between the negative pressure induced draft fan and the outlet end of the low-temperature smoke heat exchanger and is used for measuring the final discharge temperature of smoke;
the controller controls the cooling water flow of the low-temperature flue gas heat exchanger according to the measurement result of the flue gas final discharge temperature sensor so as to keep the final discharge temperature of the flue gas within a fourth temperature range;
wherein the controller controls the cooling water flow rate to increase when the final discharge temperature of the flue gas is higher than the upper limit of the fourth temperature range; the controller controls the cooling water flow rate to decrease when the final discharge temperature of the flue gas is below the lower limit of the fourth temperature range.
Preferably, the negative pressure induced draft control system further comprises a pressure sensor and a pressure control valve arranged between the high-temperature product gas heat exchanger and the low-temperature product gas heat exchanger, and the controller adjusts the pressure control valve according to the measurement result of the pressure sensor so as to keep the pressure of the product discharged through the product outlet pipe within a preset pressure range.
The utility model has the beneficial effects that: the negative pressure gas furnace equipment for preparing the natural gas by activating hydrocarbon with high temperature water under the condition of anaerobic condition without adding methanation catalyst is provided.
Additional features and advantages of the utility model will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The foregoing and other objects, features and advantages of the utility model will be apparent from the following more particular descriptions of exemplary embodiments of the utility model as illustrated in the accompanying drawings wherein like reference numbers generally represent like parts throughout the exemplary embodiments of the utility model.
FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a negative pressure flue gas furnace according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
FIG. 2 shows a schematic structural view of a split stream pyrolysis reaction apparatus according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of a material heating dispenser according to an embodiment of the utility model;
FIG. 4 shows a perspective cross-sectional view of a material heating dispenser according to an embodiment of the utility model;
FIG. 5 illustrates a perspective view of a material heating dispenser according to an embodiment of the utility model;
FIG. 6 shows a cross-sectional view of an extended spiral pyrolysis reactor, according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
fig. 7 shows a partial perspective view of an extended spiral pyrolysis reactor, according to an embodiment of the present utility model.
Description of the reference numerals
400 negative pressure flue gas furnace; a 401 furnace body; 4011 refractory casting layer; 4012 a refractory masonry layer; 4013 a layer of insulating material; 4014 a metal housing; 4015 hearth; 402 a burner; 4021 flame passages; 403 negative pressure induced draft fan; 404 high temperature flue gas heat exchanger; 405 low temperature flue gas heat exchanger; 406 a high temperature product gas heat exchanger; 407 a low temperature product gas heat exchanger; 408 a pressure control valve;
500 split-flow pyrolysis reaction device; 501 a material heating dispenser; 5011 a material distribution inlet; 5012 a material dispensing outlet; 5013 inner cylinder; 5014 outer cylinder; 5015 a flue gas outlet; 5016 a flue gas duct; 5017 a material distribution channel; 5018 end plates; 5019 a flue gas inlet; 5020V-grooves; 5021 connecting plates; 502 extending a spiral pyrolysis reactor; 5021 material pyrolysis inlet; 5022 material outlet; 5023 inner walls; 5024 outer walls; 5025 an annular bottom wall; 5026 superheating flue; 5027 flight configuration;
an MI material inlet tube; a GE flue gas outlet tube; PE product outlet pipe.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present utility model will be described in more detail below. While the preferred embodiments of the present utility model are described below, it should be understood that the present utility model may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the utility model to those skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic structure of a negative pressure flue gas furnace according to an embodiment of the present utility model. As shown in fig. 1, the negative pressure flue gas furnace 400 includes:
the furnace body 401 is provided with a material inlet pipe MI, a smoke outlet pipe GE and a product outlet pipe PE which penetrate through the furnace wall;
the split-flow pyrolysis reaction device 500 comprises a material heating distributor 501 and an extension spiral pyrolysis reactor 502, wherein the material heating distributor 501 is arranged in the furnace body 401, and a material distribution inlet of the material heating distributor 501 is connected with a material inlet pipe MI and is used for heating materials and distributing the materials to the extension spiral pyrolysis reactor 502 so as to carry out pyrolysis reaction; the extension spiral pyrolysis reactor 502 is arranged in the furnace body 401, and a material pyrolysis inlet 5021 and a material outlet 5022 of the extension spiral pyrolysis reactor 502 are respectively connected with a material distribution outlet 5012 and a product outlet pipe PE of the material heating distributor 501;
a burner 402, a flame channel 4021 of which passes through the furnace wall and is communicated with the hearth 4015, for supplying high-temperature flue gas into the hearth; and
the negative pressure induced air control system is used for controlling the temperature of the hearth and the temperature of the flue gas discharged by the flue gas outlet pipe;
wherein, the split-flow pyrolysis reaction device is horizontal, and flame channels of the material heating distributor, the spiral pyrolysis reactor and the burner are coaxially arranged along the horizontal direction.
When the negative pressure flue gas furnace works, the burner works and supplies heat to the hearth through the flame channel. The material enters the material heating distributor through the material inlet pipe, is heated and distributed to the extension spiral pyrolysis reactor, and is heated and subjected to pyrolysis reaction in the extension spiral pyrolysis reactor. Discharging the product obtained by the reaction through a product outlet pipe, and carrying out the next process step; the flue gas is discharged through a flue gas outlet pipe. The negative pressure induced air control system is used for controlling the temperature of the hearth and the temperature of the flue gas discharged by the flue gas outlet pipe, so that the normal operation of the reaction is ensured.
In this embodiment, the furnace body 401 is made of refractory material, the outer wall of the furnace body 801 is provided with a heat-insulating material layer, and the outer cover of the heat-insulating material layer is provided with a metal housing 4014. Specifically, the furnace body 401 is cast and/or built from refractory materials, and in this embodiment, the inner layer of the furnace body is a refractory material building layer, and the outer layer is a refractory material casting layer. The heat insulation material layer comprises a heat insulation paint layer and a heat insulation cotton layer. Through setting up the heat preservation material layer, can strengthen the heat preservation effect of furnace body, the energy saving.
The furnace wall is cylindrical, comprises a front wall, a rear wall and a side wall arranged between the front wall and the rear wall, wherein a material inlet pipe MI and a smoke outlet pipe GE penetrate through the front wall, a product outlet pipe PE penetrates through the side wall from the bottom, a burner 402 is arranged at the rear section of the furnace body, and a flame channel of the burner 402 penetrates through the rear wall and is communicated with a hearth to supply heat to the hearth.
The negative pressure flue gas furnace is of a horizontal structure, wherein the material heating distributor 501, the extension spiral pyrolysis reactor 502 and the flame channel 4021 of the burner are coaxially arranged along the horizontal direction, so that heat can be more uniformly transferred to the extension spiral pyrolysis reactor. The negative pressure flue gas furnace can also be designed to be vertical according to the requirements. A gap is provided between the material heating distributor 501 and the extended spiral pyrolysis reactor 502 and the furnace walls of the furnace body 401, which gap is advantageously arranged to facilitate the flow of high temperature flue gases.
Fig. 2 shows a schematic structural view of a split stream pyrolysis reaction apparatus according to an embodiment of the present utility model. As shown in fig. 2, the split-flow pyrolysis reaction device 500 includes a material heating distributor 501 and an extended spiral pyrolysis reactor 502 coaxially disposed and connected to each other, and the material heating distributor 501 is used to heat and distribute the material to the extended spiral pyrolysis reactor 502 to perform pyrolysis reaction.
In the reaction, the material is sprayed into the material heating distributor 501, and is heated in the material heating distributor 501; the heated material is then distributed to an extended spiral pyrolysis reactor 502 where it is again heated to a temperature that is elevated to effect pyrolysis. The extended spiral pyrolysis reactor 502 is provided with a spiral material pyrolysis channel, so that the pyrolysis reaction path of the material can be prolonged, and the material is guaranteed to be fully pyrolyzed. The material after the pyrolysis reaction is discharged from the extended spiral pyrolysis reactor and subjected to the next process step.
Fig. 3, 4 and 5 show a cross-sectional view and a perspective view, respectively, of a material heating distributor according to an embodiment of the present utility model, and fig. 6 and 7 show a cross-sectional view and a partial perspective view, respectively, of an extended spiral pyrolysis reactor according to an embodiment of the present utility model.
As shown in fig. 3 to 7, the material heating distributor 501 is provided with a material distribution inlet 5011 and a material distribution outlet 5012, and the extended screw pyrolysis reactor 502 is provided with a material pyrolysis inlet 5021 and a material outlet 5022;
the material distribution inlet 5011 of the material heating distributor 501 is connected to a material inlet pipe, the material pyrolysis inlet 5021 is connected to the material distribution outlet 5012 of the material heating distributor 501, and the material outlet 5022 of the extended screw pyrolysis reactor 502 is connected to a product outlet pipe.
During the reaction, the material enters the material heating distributor 501 from the material inlet pipe through the material distribution inlet 5011, after being heated, enters the material pyrolysis inlet 5021 through the material distribution outlet 5012, enters the extension spiral pyrolysis reactor 502, is heated again in the extension spiral pyrolysis reactor 502, and is discharged from the product outlet pipe through the material outlet 5022 after the pyrolysis reaction.
In this embodiment, the material heating distributor 501 includes an inner cylinder 5013 and an outer cylinder 5014 sleeved outside the inner cylinder; the material distribution inlet 5011 is arranged at the front end of the outer barrel 5014, and a flue gas outlet 5015 is arranged on the side wall of the outer barrel. The front end of inner tube 5013 is sealed, and the rear end is equipped with flue gas import 5019, and the flue gas export 5015 of urceolus is through flue gas pipeline 5016 and the inside intercommunication of inner tube 5013 to the flue gas that the admission was passed through the flue gas import in proper order loops through flue gas pipeline and flue gas export and discharges. A material distribution channel 5017 is formed between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, the front end of the material distribution channel 5017 is communicated with a material distribution inlet 5011, and the rear end of the material distribution channel 5012 is provided with a material distribution outlet.
In the reaction, the material heating distributor 501 and the extended spiral pyrolysis reactor 502 are both arranged in the flue gas furnace. Part of high-temperature flue gas flows through the outer side of the outer cylinder, materials in the material distribution channel 5017 are heated from the outer side, the other part of high-temperature flue gas enters the inner cylinder 5013 through the flue gas inlet 5019, materials in the material distribution channel 5017 are heated from the inner side, and then the materials are discharged from the flue gas outlet 5015 through the flue gas pipeline 5016; the material is discharged from the material distribution outlet 5012 after being heated by the high temperature flue gas, and enters the extended spiral pyrolysis reactor 502. In this way, the material in the material distribution passage 5017 can be sufficiently heated from the inside and outside, and the heating efficiency is improved.
In this embodiment, the outer barrel 5014 includes a tapered first front end and a cylindrical first rear end, the material distribution inlet 5011 is provided at the head of the first front end, and the flue gas outlet 5015 is provided on the side wall of the first rear end. The inner barrel 5013 includes a second front end, a second rear end, and an end plate 5018 that are connected in sequence. The second front end is conical, the second rear end is cylindrical, the end plate 5018 is annular, and the outer periphery of the end part of the second rear end is arranged. The flue gas inlet 5019 is arranged in the center of the end plate 5018, a V-shaped groove 5020 is formed in the periphery of the end plate 5018 and communicated with the material distribution channel 5017, and the communicating part is the material distribution outlet 5012.
The material distribution outlet 5012 is formed by a communication part of the V-shaped groove 5020 and the material distribution channel 5017, and when in practical application, the cross section area of the material distribution outlet 5012 can be adjusted by adjusting the depth of the V-shaped groove according to the design flow, thereby changing the flow of the material.
The number of the smoke outlets 5015 and the number of the smoke pipelines 5016 are multiple, the smoke outlets 5015 and the smoke pipelines 5016 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the outer cylinder 5014, and the position of each smoke outlet 5015 corresponds to the position of one smoke pipeline 5016; correspondingly, the V-shaped grooves 5020 are also multiple, and the V-shaped grooves 5020 and the flue gas outlets 5015 are alternately arranged along the circumference of the end plate 5018 and the outer circumference of the end plate 5018. With this arrangement, material entering the material distribution channel 5017 from the material distribution inlet 5011 is evenly distributed to the multiple flow paths and then exits the material heating distributor 501 through each material distribution outlet 5012, respectively.
In this embodiment, the inner cylinder 5013 further includes a plurality of connection plates 5021 extending from the outer periphery of the end plate 5018 toward the front end of the outer cylinder, the plurality of connection plates being connected to the outer peripheral wall of the outer cylinder 5014, thereby achieving a fixed connection of the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder.
Referring to fig. 6 and 7, the extended spiral pyrolysis reactor 502 is annular, and includes an annular inner wall 5023, an annular outer wall 5024 sleeved outside the inner wall, and an annular bottom wall 5025 connected between the inner wall and the outer wall.
The inner wall 5023 is connected to the second rear end of the inner barrel 5013 and defines a superheating flue 5026 for flue gas to pass through, and a spiral sheet structure 5027 arranged around the inner wall is arranged between the inner wall and the outer wall so as to form a spiral material pyrolysis channel between the inner wall and the outer wall.
The front end of material pyrolysis passageway is located to material pyrolysis import 5021, and the material distribution export 5012 intercommunication of material heating distributor 501, and the rear end of material pyrolysis passageway is sealed by diapire 5025, is equipped with the material export with material pyrolysis passageway and product outlet pipe intercommunication respectively on the outer wall 5024.
The material distribution channel 5017 communicates with the material pyrolysis channel through the material distribution outlet 5012, the material pyrolysis inlet 5021, and forms a closed space in which the material is heated and subjected to a pyrolysis reaction, and then discharged through the material outlet. Part high temperature flue gas flows through the outside of outer wall, heats the material in the material pyrolysis passageway from the outside, and another part high temperature flue gas gets into overheated flame path 5026, heats the material in the material pyrolysis passageway from the inboard, and two side heating guarantees that the material is fully heated, has improved the efficiency of heating and pyrolysis reaction. In addition, the spiral material pyrolysis channel can prolong the pyrolysis reaction path of the material, and ensure that the material is fully pyrolyzed.
The superheating flame path 5026 is communicated with the flue gas inlet 5019, and high-temperature flue gas firstly enters the superheating flame path 5026 and then enters the flue gas inlet 5019 to heat materials.
Preferably, the split stream pyrolysis reaction unit further comprises a gas ash collector (not shown) connected to the material outlet of the extended spiral pyrolysis reactor 502 for collecting gas ash.
In this embodiment, the negative pressure induced air control system includes a controller, a negative pressure induced draft fan 403, a hearth temperature sensor, and a discharging flue gas temperature sensor, wherein the negative pressure induced draft fan 403 is connected with a flue gas outlet pipe GE, and the hearth temperature sensor and the discharging flue gas temperature sensor are respectively used for measuring a hearth temperature T1 and a flue gas temperature T2.
The controller controls the rotating speed of the negative pressure induced draft fan and the power of the burner according to the measuring results of the hearth temperature sensor and the tapping smoke temperature sensor so as to keep the hearth temperature in a first temperature range and the smoke temperature in a second temperature range. In this embodiment, the first temperature range is 1150-1250 ℃ and the second temperature range is 1000-1100 ℃. The rotational speed of the induced draft fan can be adjusted by various prior art means, such as a frequency converter.
Specifically, when the furnace temperature T1 is higher than the upper limit of the first temperature range (for example, higher than 1250 ℃) and the flue gas temperature T2 is higher than the upper limit of the second temperature range (for example, higher than 1100 ℃), the controller controls the rotation speed of the negative pressure induced draft fan to increase and controls the power of the burner to decrease, so that the furnace temperature T1 and the flue gas temperature T2 decrease simultaneously. When the hearth temperature T1 is lower than the lower limit of the first temperature range (for example, lower than 1150 ℃) and the flue gas temperature T2 is lower than the lower limit of the second temperature range (for example, lower than 1000 ℃), the controller controls the rotation speed of the induced draft fan to decrease and controls the power of the burner to increase, so that the hearth temperature T1 and the flue gas temperature T2 are increased simultaneously; and simultaneously, the hearth temperature control is linked with the material feeding amount, and the material feeding amount is adjusted according to the heating rate of the furnace temperature to participate in the regulation and control of the hearth temperature. In this way, the furnace temperature is maintained within a suitable reaction temperature range while the flue gas temperature is controlled within a reasonable range. The controller can be a PLC controller.
In this embodiment, the negative pressure induced air control system further includes a feeding valve and a product initial temperature sensor, wherein the feeding valve is disposed on the material inlet pipe MI, and the product initial temperature sensor is used for measuring a product temperature T3 discharged from the product outlet pipe PE.
The controller controls the opening degree of the feeding valve and/or the power of the burner according to the measurement result of the initial temperature sensor of the product so as to keep the temperature T3 of the product within a third temperature range; in this embodiment, the third temperature range is 850-950 ℃.
Specifically, when the product temperature T3 is higher than the upper limit (e.g., higher than 950 ℃) of the third temperature range, the controller controls the opening of the feed valve to increase so that the feed flow rate increases and thus the product temperature T3 decreases, or controls the power of the burner to decrease so that the product temperature T3 decreases, or simultaneously controls the opening of the feed valve to increase and controls the power of the burner to decrease so that the product temperature T3 decreases. When the product temperature T3 is lower than the lower limit of the third temperature range (for example, lower than 850 ℃), the controller controls the opening of the feed valve to decrease so that the feed flow rate decreases and thus the product temperature T3 increases, or controls the power of the burner to increase so that the product temperature T3 increases, or simultaneously controls the opening of the feed valve to decrease and controls the power of the burner to increase so that the product temperature T3 increases.
Further, referring to fig. 1, the negative pressure flue gas furnace further includes a flue gas heat exchanger and a product gas heat exchanger, the flue gas heat exchanger is disposed at an outlet end of the flue gas outlet pipe GE, and the product gas heat exchanger is disposed at an outlet end of the product outlet pipe PE. Specifically, the flue gas heat exchanger includes a high temperature flue gas heat exchanger 404 and a low temperature flue gas heat exchanger 405 connected in series, and the product gas heat exchanger includes a high temperature product gas heat exchanger 406 and a low temperature product gas heat exchanger 407 connected in series. The high-temperature flue gas firstly passes through the high-temperature flue gas heat exchanger 404 to perform first heat exchange, and then passes through the low-temperature flue gas heat exchanger 405 to perform second heat exchange so as to fully utilize the heat of the flue gas. The discharged product is subjected to first heat exchange through the high-temperature product gas heat exchanger 406 and then subjected to second heat exchange through the low-temperature product gas heat exchanger 407.
In this case, a negative pressure induced draft fan 403 is provided at the outlet end of the low temperature flue gas heat exchanger 405. The negative pressure induced air control system further comprises a final exhaust temperature sensor of the flue gas, wherein the final exhaust temperature sensor of the flue gas is arranged between the negative pressure induced draft fan and the outlet end of the 403 low-temperature flue gas heat exchanger 405 and is used for measuring the final exhaust temperature of the flue gas.
The controller controls the flow of cooling water of the low-temperature flue gas heat exchanger 405 according to the measurement result of the flue gas final discharge temperature sensor so as to keep the final discharge temperature T5 of the flue gas within a fourth temperature range; in this example, the fourth temperature range is 50-60 ℃.
Specifically, when the final discharge temperature T5 of the flue gas is higher than the upper limit (e.g., higher than 60 ℃) of the fourth temperature range, the controller controls the cooling water flow rate to increase to decrease the final discharge temperature T5 of the flue gas; when the final discharge temperature T5 of the flue gas is below the lower limit of the fourth temperature range (e.g., below 50 ℃), the controller controls the cooling water flow rate to decrease to increase the final discharge temperature T5 of the flue gas.
Preferably, the negative pressure induced draft control system further includes a pressure sensor and a pressure control valve 408 provided between the high temperature product gas heat exchanger 406 and the low temperature product gas heat exchanger 407, and the controller adjusts the opening degree of the pressure control valve according to the measurement result of the pressure sensor so that the pressure of the product discharged through the product outlet pipe is maintained within a preset pressure range. In this embodiment, the preset pressure ranges from 0.5 to 1.0MPa.
The foregoing description of embodiments of the utility model has been presented for purposes of illustration and description, and is not intended to be exhaustive or limited to the embodiments disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the various embodiments described.
Claims (10)
1. A negative pressure flue gas furnace, comprising:
the furnace body is provided with a material inlet pipe, a flue gas outlet pipe and a product outlet pipe which penetrate through the furnace wall;
the split-flow pyrolysis reaction device comprises a material heating distributor and an extension spiral pyrolysis reactor, wherein the material heating distributor is arranged in the furnace body, and a material distribution inlet of the material heating distributor is connected with the material inlet pipe and is used for heating materials and distributing the materials to the extension spiral pyrolysis reactor so as to carry out pyrolysis reaction; the extended spiral pyrolysis reactor is arranged in the furnace body, and a material pyrolysis inlet and a material outlet of the extended spiral pyrolysis reactor are respectively connected with a material distribution outlet of the material heating distributor and the product outlet pipe;
the flame channel of the burner passes through the furnace wall and is communicated with the hearth, and the burner is used for supplying high-temperature flue gas into the hearth; and
the negative pressure induced air control system is used for controlling the temperature of the hearth and the temperature of the flue gas discharged by the flue gas outlet pipe;
the split-flow pyrolysis reaction device is horizontal, and the material heating distributor, the spiral pyrolysis reactor and the flame channel of the burner are coaxially arranged along the horizontal direction.
2. The negative pressure flue gas furnace according to claim 1, wherein the furnace body is made of refractory materials, the outer wall of the furnace body is provided with a heat preservation material layer, and the outer part of the heat preservation material layer is covered with a metal shell; the furnace body is formed by pouring and/or building refractory materials, and the heat-insulating material layer comprises a heat-insulating paint layer and a heat-insulating cotton layer;
the furnace wall comprises a front wall, a rear wall and a side wall arranged between the front wall and the rear wall, the material inlet pipe and the flue gas outlet pipe penetrate through the front wall, the product outlet pipe penetrates through the side wall from the bottom, and a flame channel of the burner penetrates through the rear wall and is communicated with the hearth.
3. The negative pressure flue gas furnace of claim 1, wherein gaps are provided between the material heating distributor and the extended spiral pyrolysis reactor and the furnace walls of the furnace body.
4. The negative pressure flue gas furnace according to claim 3, wherein the material heating distributor is provided with a material distribution inlet and a material distribution outlet, and the extended spiral pyrolysis reactor is provided with a material pyrolysis inlet and a material outlet;
the material distribution inlet of the material heating distributor is connected with a material inlet pipe, the material pyrolysis inlet is connected with a material distribution outlet of the material heating distributor, and a material outlet of the extension spiral pyrolysis reactor is connected with a product outlet pipe;
the material heating distributor comprises an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder sleeved outside the inner cylinder;
the material distribution inlet is arranged at the front end of the outer barrel, and a smoke outlet is arranged on the side wall of the outer barrel;
the front end of the inner cylinder is closed, the rear end of the inner cylinder is provided with a smoke inlet, and a smoke outlet of the outer cylinder is communicated with the inside of the inner cylinder through a smoke pipeline so as to allow smoke entering the inner cylinder through the smoke inlet to be discharged through the smoke pipeline and the smoke outlet in sequence;
a material distribution channel is formed between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, the front end of the material distribution channel is communicated with the material distribution inlet, and the rear end of the material distribution channel is provided with the material distribution outlet.
5. The negative pressure flue gas furnace according to claim 4, wherein the extended spiral pyrolysis reactor is annular and comprises an annular inner wall, an annular outer wall sleeved outside the inner wall, and an annular bottom wall connected between the inner wall and the outer wall;
the inner wall is connected with the inner barrel and defines a superheated flue for flue gas to pass through, and a spiral sheet structure arranged around the inner wall is arranged between the inner wall and the outer wall so as to form a spiral material pyrolysis channel between the inner wall and the outer wall;
the material pyrolysis inlet is formed in the front end of the material pyrolysis channel, the material pyrolysis inlet is communicated with a material distribution outlet of the material heating distributor, the rear end of the material pyrolysis channel is sealed by the bottom wall, and a material outlet which is respectively communicated with the material pyrolysis channel and the product outlet pipe is formed in the outer wall.
6. The negative pressure flue gas furnace according to claim 1, wherein the negative pressure induced draft control system comprises a controller, a negative pressure induced draft fan, a furnace temperature sensor and a discharge flue gas temperature sensor, wherein the negative pressure induced draft fan is connected with the flue gas outlet pipe, and the furnace temperature sensor and the discharge flue gas temperature sensor are respectively used for measuring the furnace temperature and the flue gas temperature;
the controller controls the rotating speed of the negative pressure induced draft fan and the power of the burner according to the measuring results of the hearth temperature sensor and the tapping flue gas temperature sensor so as to keep the hearth temperature in a first temperature range and keep the flue gas temperature in a second temperature range;
when the temperature of the hearth is higher than the upper limit of the first temperature range and the temperature of the flue gas is higher than the upper limit of the second temperature range, the controller controls the rotating speed of the negative pressure induced draft fan to be increased and controls the power of the combustor to be reduced; when the hearth temperature is lower than the lower limit of the first temperature range and the flue gas temperature is lower than the lower limit of the second temperature range, the controller controls the rotating speed of the negative pressure induced draft fan to be reduced and controls the power of the combustor to be increased.
7. The negative pressure fume furnace of claim 6, wherein the negative pressure induced draft control system further comprises a feed valve and a product initial temperature sensor, the feed valve being disposed on the material inlet pipe, the product initial temperature sensor being for measuring a product temperature exiting the product outlet pipe;
the controller controls the opening degree of the feeding valve and/or the power of the burner according to the measurement result of the product initial temperature sensor so as to keep the product temperature within a third temperature range;
wherein when the product temperature is above the upper limit of the third temperature range, the controller controls the opening of the feed valve to increase and/or controls the power of the burner to decrease; when the product temperature is below the lower limit range of the third temperature, the controller controls the opening of the feed valve to decrease and/or controls the power of the burner to increase.
8. The negative pressure flue gas furnace of claim 6, further comprising a flue gas heat exchanger and a product gas heat exchanger, the flue gas heat exchanger being disposed at the outlet end of the flue gas outlet tube, the product gas heat exchanger being disposed at the outlet end of the product outlet tube;
the flue gas heat exchanger comprises a high-temperature flue gas heat exchanger and a low-temperature flue gas heat exchanger which are connected in series, and the product gas heat exchanger comprises a high-temperature product gas heat exchanger and a low-temperature product gas heat exchanger which are connected in series.
9. The negative pressure flue gas furnace according to claim 8, wherein the negative pressure induced draft fan is arranged at the outlet end of the low temperature flue gas heat exchanger;
the negative pressure induced air control system further comprises a smoke final discharge temperature sensor, wherein the smoke final discharge temperature sensor is arranged between the negative pressure induced draft fan and the outlet end of the low-temperature smoke heat exchanger and is used for measuring the final discharge temperature of smoke;
the controller controls the cooling water flow of the low-temperature flue gas heat exchanger according to the measurement result of the flue gas final discharge temperature sensor so as to keep the final discharge temperature of the flue gas within a fourth temperature range;
wherein the controller controls the cooling water flow rate to increase when the final discharge temperature of the flue gas is higher than the upper limit of the fourth temperature range; the controller controls the cooling water flow rate to decrease when the final discharge temperature of the flue gas is below the lower limit of the fourth temperature range.
10. The negative pressure flue gas furnace of claim 9, wherein the negative pressure induced draft control system further comprises a pressure sensor and a pressure control valve disposed between the high temperature product gas heat exchanger and the low temperature product gas heat exchanger, the controller adjusting the pressure control valve based on the measurement result of the pressure sensor to maintain the pressure of the product discharged through the product outlet pipe within a preset pressure range.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202320010805.9U CN220413262U (en) | 2023-01-04 | 2023-01-04 | Negative pressure fume stove |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202320010805.9U CN220413262U (en) | 2023-01-04 | 2023-01-04 | Negative pressure fume stove |
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| CN220413262U true CN220413262U (en) | 2024-01-30 |
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| CN202320010805.9U Active CN220413262U (en) | 2023-01-04 | 2023-01-04 | Negative pressure fume stove |
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| CN (1) | CN220413262U (en) |
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