CN1168510C - 药物配送装置 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于配送药物的加压配送容器,其中,所述加压配送容器具有:一计量阀,其包括一可在阀部件内共轴线滑动的阀杆,所述阀部件和阀杆限定一环形的计量室;和在阀部件和阀杆的对应外端和内端之间分别设有起作用的外部和内部环形密封件,以将其间的环形计量室密封;其中,在存储或配送期间所述计量阀中与药物相接触的多个部件之一个或多个内表面的至少一部分被连接一层一种或多种冷等离子聚合单体,所述层为一冷等离子聚合的氟化碳氢化合物。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种加压配送容器的改进,具体地说是涉及那些用于配送一测定剂量药物的配送装置的改进。
背景技术
在计量药剂的吸入器中,源自一加压配送容器的气雾流喷向患者或吸入器使用者并形成一空气流。空气流是通过使用者经吸入器的接口吸气而产生的。在进气孔和接口之间的一点处药物被释放以加入上述空气流。
加压的配送容器使用了传统的计量阀,其包括一可在阀部件内部作同轴滑动的阀杆,所述阀部件限定一环形计量腔。在阀杆和阀部件相应的外端和内端之间设置有效作用的外及内环密封件从而密封其间的计量室。阀杆为中空的,当阀杆位于非配送位置时,计量室与容器相连且从容器充入产品。阀杆可通过克服一弹簧的作用而移动至一配送位置,在此位置计量室与容器隔绝而与大气相通以用于排出产品(药物)。
其他类型的药物配送装置包括这样一种机构:其中,当处于配送位置时,装有粉末状药物的囊室被打开,此时吸入的空气主要是携带这些粉末,然后通过接口而被配送。
这些所有的药物配送装置都存在一个问题:经过多次操作和/或存储之后,在装置的内表面和一些部件上便会形成药物沉积,或由液体推进剂中的微粒产品悬浮而产生的固体成分。这将导致装置操作效率的下降,以及由于产品(药)沉积导致配送药物有效剂量的减少,从而引起疗效的降低。
一些现有技术的装置,依靠摇晃配送器,以便通过液体推进剂和药物产品混合物的移动来试图除掉沉积的颗粒。尽管这种捕救方法在容器本身主体内是有效的,但是,对沉积在计量室内表面上的颗粒则无效。由于该计量室的尺寸相当地小,且流经计量室的路径迂回曲折,因此计量室内受限的流体缺少足够的能量有效地除掉沉积颗粒。
相关的专利文献还包括WO 97/32672A1和EP 0360463A2。
在未决的专利申请GB97211684.0中,提出了一种解决方案:在计量阀的计量室内的一部分墙壁上加衬一种如碳氟聚合物、陶瓷或玻璃材料构成的衬件。然而,尽管这解决了这些类型的配送器的沉积问题,但是却需要重新设计或修改制造阀部件的模具和模制工具,以便能插入衬件。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的就是提供一种通用的药物配送装置,这种装置可以使产品和有效药物成分的沉积降低到最小。
根据本发明提供一种用于药物配送的加压配送容器,其中,所述加压配送容器具有:一计量阀,其包括一可在阀部件内共轴线滑动的阀杆,所述阀部件和阀杆限定一环形的计量室;和在阀部件和阀杆的对应外端和内端之间分别设有起作用的外部和内部环形密封件,以将其间的环形计量室密封;其中,在存储或配送期间所述计量阀中与药物相接触的多个部件之一个或多个内表面的至少一部分被连接一层一种或多种冷等离子聚合单体,所述层为一冷等离子聚合的氟化碳氢化合物。
附图说明
下面将结合附图示例性地描述本发明的一个优选实施例,其中:
图1是一吸入器的剖视图,该吸入器是本发明之一种类型的药物配送装置;
图2是在另一类型的药物配送装置中所使用的计量阀的剖视图。
具体实施方式
如图1所示,用于药物等产品的吸入器10包括一容纳加压的药物配送容器12的壳体11,和一插入吸入器10的使用者口内的接口14。
壳体11通常是上端敞开的圆筒形。壳体11的底壁15上有一用来接纳容器12之管形阀杆17的环形管座16。管座16通过一终止于孔口19的导管18与接口14相通。底壁15上还有一允许空气通过容器壳体11流入接口14的孔20。
接口14通常可为圆形或与口形相适配的形状,而且与壳体11相连或成为其11的一部分。
使用时,患者或使用者通常用一只手握住吸入器10,使其嘴作用到吸入器的接口14上。使用者通过接口14吸气而产生流经圆筒壳体11的气流,此气流始于环绕配送容器12的(壳体11)的开口端,经孔20进入接口14。使用者从接口14吸气后,容器12被在阀杆71上向下挤压从而使容器12中的一剂量药物喷出。由于容器12中所产生的压力,使得所述剂量的药物沿导管18再经孔19射出,然后通过接口14与气流混合,最后被使用者吸入。
在传统的吸入器中,所有的部件都是塑料模制品,这容易引起前述的沉积物问题。在诸如吸入器的装置中,容易出现沉积问题的区域包括接口14的内表面21,导管18的内表面22,限定孔19的壁23。在某些吸入器10中,导管18的至少一部分直径可能小到0.5毫米,所以其内表面22任何的沉积物都不仅可能导致有效药物成分的减少,还可能导致药物配送的困难。
如图2所示的计量阀110是另外一种类型的药物配送装置或配送器,这种装置具有一自阀部件112伸出并可在其中沿轴向滑动的阀杆111。阀部件112和阀杆111之间限定一环状计量室113。阀部件112位于阀体114内部,阀体114则置于一个含有配送药物的加压容器(图中未画出)内部。一被夹紧在容器顶部的套圈115使计量阀110相对于容器保持定位,一环形垫片的密封件116使阀体114和容器之间形成密封。
在阀杆111和阀部件112之间,一弹性材料的外密封件117和一弹性材料的内密封件118沿径向延伸。在阀部件112和阀杆111之间使外密封件117沿径向被压缩以提供有效的密封接触,该压缩作用可通过使用一在阀杆111上提供压配合的密封件实现,以及/或者在组装时由套圈115夹紧到加压的容器上产生。
阀杆111具有一末端119,末端119自阀部件112和套圈115中伸出,其(111)为一中空管,其(111)被位于计量室113内部的法兰120隔断。阀杆111的中空末端119包括一配送孔121,该孔沿径向穿过阀杆111的侧壁。阀杆111另有一中段部分122,其也是中空的并限定一个中央通道,并中部122上具有一对径向孔123、124,两孔通过中央空腔相连。
第二法兰126将阀杆111的中段122和阀杆111的内端127分隔开来。一位于法兰126和阀体114的一端之间的弹簧125偏压阀杆111以保持在一个非配送位置,在此位置处,第一法兰120与外密封件117保持密封接触。第二法兰126位于阀部件112外部,但在阀本体114内部。
计量室113采用外密封件117与大气隔绝,还与采用内密封件118使其与阀110相连的加压容器隔绝。在附图1所示的阀110中,径向孔123、124,以及位于阀部件111的中段122中的中央空腔一起,将计量室113与容器相连接,所以在此非配送态下,计量部件113内将被充入要配送的产品。
当相对阀部件112压迫阀杆111时,阀杆111向容器内部移动,当径向孔123经过内密封件118被阻塞时,这时计量室113便与加压容器的内函物相隔绝。当阀杆111沿相同方向进一步移动至配送位置,配送孔121经过外密封件117进入与计量室113相连通。在此配送位置处,计量室113内的产品经配送孔121和阀杆111之中空末端119中的空腔,无障碍地被释放到大气中。
当释放阀杆111时,回复弹簧125的偏压力使阀杆111恢复原位。所以,计量室113被重新充满,可以开始下一次的配送操作。
传统的药物配送装置的部件,如阀部件、阀杆、吸入器壳体等,一般都是单独的模制件,由诸如乙缩醛、聚脂或尼龙等材料制成,这些材料都易于发生上述的沉积问题。尽管有时可以在沉积发生的部分表面衬一层独立的由碳氟聚合物、陶瓷、玻璃等材料制成的衬件,但这需要重新设计或修改模具和模制工具,以便部件可以安装这种衬件。
在本发明中,我们提出了一个解决方案,加压配送容器的组成部件仍采用上述材料由传统工具和模具制成,但是这些部件要经受一个或多个单体的冷等离子聚合处理,既“疏水”处理,在部件表面形成一极薄的等离子聚合体层,由于其抗摩擦、防水特性及较低的表面能量,可以显著地减少在相应表面上的有效药物之沉积。
这种处理中使用的单体最好是全氟环己烷或全氟己烷,其可以在适当的表面上形成一薄层的等离子聚合态的氟环己烷或氟己烷。也可以使用其他的氟化碳氢化合物,例如四氟乙烯(TFE)、三氟乙烯、亚乙烯氟和乙烯氟。也可以用两个单体氟乙烯和氟丙烯以形成氟化乙烯丙烯共聚物(FEP)。
上述工艺被称为“冷等离子”处理,由于等离子体内的温度与周围环境相同。所以,诸如聚丁烯对酞酸盐(PBT)、尼龙、乙酸和四丁烯(TBT)等热塑性材料都能被处理而不会有热力损坏之危险。处理过程是在真空中进行的。部件被置于小于0.667Pa(0.005乇)的真空室中,以一控制的速率将一种或多种单体送入真空室,并对一外部天线施以13.56兆赫兹的射频信号,室内的等离子被点燃并以预定的功率设定维持一个指定的时间。在处理结束时,熄灭等离子、冲洗真空室并收回产品,结果,一层薄的等离子聚合材料(比如0.005到0.5微米)就紧密地附着在部件表面上了。
无论是加压配送容器中的整个部件或是在操作中与药物接触的一个部件或几个部件之表面,都可以依据本发明予以处理从而提供一改进的加压配送容器。在图2所示的计量阀中,可以只处理阀部件112。不过,对包括阀体114、密封件116、117、118在内的计量阀之其他的塑料部件和橡胶部件进行部分或全部处理,可以获得附加的优点。密封件117和118处理后,将减小其与阀杆111之间的摩擦,使操作更容易。对阀杆111本身予以处理后,则密封件117和118与阀杆111之间的摩擦值将进一步减小。这些处理可减少或消除密封件117、118和阀杆111对施加硅树脂乳胶或油类的需求。对密封件116、117和118的处理有如下好处:可以减少由弹性材料制成的密封件的分离物水平;可以减少密封件对加压容器内的推进剂的渗透性;可以减少密封件表面对产品的吸收水平。
Claims (9)
1.用于配送药物的加压配送容器,其中,所述加压配送容器具有:
一计量阀,其包括一可在阀部件内共轴线滑动的阀杆,所述阀部件和阀杆限定一环形的计量室;和
在阀部件和阀杆的对应外端和内端之间分别设有起作用的外部和内部环形密封件,以将其间的环形计量室密封;
其中,在存储或配送期间所述计量阀中与药物相接触的多个部件之一个或多个内表面的至少一部分被连接一层一种或多种冷等离子聚合单体,所述层为一冷等离子聚合的氟化碳氢化合物。
2.如权利要求1所述的加压配送容器,其特征在于用于冷等离子聚合的一种或多种单体是选自下组中的材料:全氟环己烷、全氟己烷、四氟乙烯、三氟乙烯、亚乙烯基,氟化物、乙烯氟、氟乙烯和氟丙烯。
3.用于配送药物的与一加压配送容器配用的计量阀,该计量阀包括一可在阀部件内共轴线滑动的阀杆,所述阀部件和阀杆限定一环形的计量室;和
在阀部件和阀杆的对应外端和内端之间分别设有起作用的外部和内部环形密封件,以将其间的环形计量室密封;其特征在于,所述计量阀的至少一部分内表面连接有一层一种或多种等离子聚合单体,其中,所述层为一冷等离子聚合氟化碳氢化合物。
4.如权利要求书3所述的计量阀,其特征在于所述内表面包括一计量室表面。
5.如权利要求3或4所述的计量阀,其特征在于所述内表面包括一阀部件表面。
6.如权利要求3所述的计量阀,其特征在于所述内表面包括一阀杆表面。
7.如权利要求3所述的计量阀,其特征在于所述内表面包括所述外环形密封件和内环形密封件两者之中任何一个或每一个的一表面。
8.如权利要求3所述的计量阀,其特征在于所述阀还包括一阀体,其中安置阀部件,阀体连接有一层一种或多种冷等离子聚合单体,所述层为一冷等离子聚合氟化碳氢化合物。
9.如权利要求3所述的计量阀,其特征在于还包括一垫片,其延伸在计量阀的密封表面和一加压配送容器之间,所述垫片连接有一层一种或多种冷等离子聚合单体,所述层为一冷等离子聚合氟化碳氢化合物。
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GBGB9803780.7A GB9803780D0 (en) | 1998-02-23 | 1998-02-23 | Improvements in or relating to metering valves for pressurised dispensing containers |
GB9803780.7 | 1998-02-23 | ||
GBGB9808804.0A GB9808804D0 (en) | 1998-04-24 | 1998-04-24 | Improvements in drug delivery devices |
GB9808804.0 | 1998-04-24 | ||
GB9814717.6 | 1998-07-07 | ||
GBGB9814717.6A GB9814717D0 (en) | 1998-02-23 | 1998-07-07 | Improvements in drug delivery devices |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN1291109A CN1291109A (zh) | 2001-04-11 |
CN1168510C true CN1168510C (zh) | 2004-09-29 |
Family
ID=27269223
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CNB998032379A Expired - Lifetime CN1168510C (zh) | 1998-02-23 | 1999-02-19 | 药物配送装置 |
Country Status (28)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (3) | EP1208864B2 (zh) |
JP (3) | JP2002503527A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1168510C (zh) |
AP (1) | AP1264A (zh) |
AT (3) | ATE357941T1 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU742080B2 (zh) |
BR (1) | BR9908151A (zh) |
CA (2) | CA2321002A1 (zh) |
CZ (1) | CZ299696B6 (zh) |
DE (3) | DE69901813T3 (zh) |
DK (3) | DK1208864T4 (zh) |
EA (1) | EA002639B1 (zh) |
EE (1) | EE04421B1 (zh) |
ES (3) | ES2178388T5 (zh) |
HK (1) | HK1036230A1 (zh) |
HR (1) | HRP20000548B1 (zh) |
HU (1) | HU224459B1 (zh) |
ID (1) | ID26130A (zh) |
IL (1) | IL137650A0 (zh) |
IS (1) | IS2506B (zh) |
MX (1) | MXPA00008174A (zh) |
NO (1) | NO334842B1 (zh) |
NZ (1) | NZ506316A (zh) |
PL (1) | PL190934B1 (zh) |
PT (2) | PT1066073E (zh) |
SK (1) | SK286381B6 (zh) |
TR (1) | TR200002439T2 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO1999042154A1 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (36)
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GB9805938D0 (en) | 1998-03-19 | 1998-05-13 | Glaxo Group Ltd | Valve for aerosol container |
GB2355252B (en) * | 1999-10-14 | 2002-01-23 | Bespak Plc | Improvements in drug delivery devices |
DE10004465A1 (de) | 2000-02-02 | 2001-08-16 | Pari Gmbh | Inhalationsvernebler |
GB0002798D0 (en) * | 2000-02-09 | 2000-03-29 | Glaxo Group Ltd | Actuator nozzle for metered dose inhaler |
GB2361229A (en) * | 2000-04-14 | 2001-10-17 | Presspart Mfg Ltd | Metering valve |
GB2367756B (en) | 2000-10-12 | 2003-01-08 | Bespak Plc | Dispensing apparatus |
FR2816688B1 (fr) * | 2000-11-10 | 2003-02-14 | Valois Sa | Joint de valve et son procede de fabrication |
GB2401914B (en) * | 2000-11-10 | 2005-03-16 | Valois Sa | Valve gasket and the process of its manufacture |
EP1205199A1 (en) * | 2000-11-13 | 2002-05-15 | The Technology Partnership Public Limited Company | Aerosol drug-dispensing device with membrane for controlling vacuum during dispensing |
GB2375098B (en) | 2001-04-30 | 2003-08-27 | Bespak Plc | Improvements in valves for pressurised dispensing containers |
GB0122725D0 (en) * | 2001-09-21 | 2001-11-14 | Glaxo Group Ltd | Drug dispensing components |
GB2384190A (en) | 2002-01-22 | 2003-07-23 | Bespak Plc | Dispensing device for a powdered product |
GB0201677D0 (en) | 2002-01-25 | 2002-03-13 | Glaxo Group Ltd | Medicament dispenser |
SE0200313D0 (sv) * | 2002-02-01 | 2002-02-01 | Astrazeneca Ab | Novel process |
US20060210481A1 (en) * | 2003-04-22 | 2006-09-21 | Britto Ignatius L | Medicament dispenser |
MXPA06002075A (es) | 2003-08-29 | 2006-05-19 | Glaxo Group Ltd | Inhalador de dosis farmaceutica medida y metodos relacionados. |
FR2871450B1 (fr) * | 2004-06-14 | 2006-09-22 | Valois Sas | Dispositif de distribution de produit fluide |
GB0710490D0 (en) * | 2007-06-01 | 2007-07-11 | Innovatek Medical Ltd | Medicament dispenser device |
GB0710475D0 (en) * | 2007-06-01 | 2007-07-11 | Innovatek Medical Ltd | Elastomeric sales |
WO2009061895A2 (en) | 2007-11-06 | 2009-05-14 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Medicinal inhalation devices and components thereof |
GB0721737D0 (en) | 2007-11-06 | 2007-12-19 | 3M Innovative Properties Co | Medicinal inhalation devices and components thereof |
GB0721739D0 (en) | 2007-11-06 | 2007-12-19 | 3M Innovative Properties Co | medicinal inhalation devices and components thereof |
WO2010129758A1 (en) | 2009-05-06 | 2010-11-11 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Medicinal inhalation devices and components thereof |
EP2427902B1 (en) | 2009-05-06 | 2017-01-18 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Apparatus and method for plasma treatment of containers |
GB2473070B (en) | 2009-09-01 | 2011-09-28 | Consort Medical Plc | Dispensing apparatus |
US20120180785A1 (en) | 2009-09-29 | 2012-07-19 | Helen Mary Trill | Pressurized Metered Dose Inhalers |
FR2954330B1 (fr) * | 2009-12-23 | 2013-01-04 | Valois Sas | Procede de traitement de surface d'un dispositif de distribution de produit fluide. |
FR2954326B1 (fr) * | 2009-12-23 | 2013-01-18 | Valois Sas | Procede de traitement de surface d'un dispositif de distribution de produit fluide. |
FR2954328B1 (fr) * | 2009-12-23 | 2013-01-18 | Valois Sas | Procede de traitement de surface d'un dispositif de distribution de produit fluide. |
FR2954329B1 (fr) * | 2009-12-23 | 2013-01-18 | Valois Sas | Procede de traitement de surface elastomere d'un dispositif de distribution de produit fluide. |
GB201003273D0 (en) | 2010-02-26 | 2010-04-14 | Portal Medical Ltd | Medicament dispenser device |
GB201003275D0 (en) | 2010-02-26 | 2010-04-14 | Portal Medical Ltd | Method of manufacturing a medicament dispenser device |
GB2476004B (en) * | 2011-02-23 | 2011-12-28 | Portal Medical Ltd | Medicament Dispenser Device |
EP2708219A1 (en) | 2012-09-12 | 2014-03-19 | PARI Pharma GmbH | Opening element for opening an ampoule in an aerosol generation device and aerosol generation device comprising the opening element |
DE102014215064A1 (de) * | 2014-07-31 | 2016-02-04 | Pari GmbH Spezialisten für effektive Inhalation | Vernebler |
GB201717996D0 (en) | 2017-10-31 | 2017-12-13 | Portal Medical Ltd | Medicament dispenser device |
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JP3330697B2 (ja) * | 1993-10-18 | 2002-09-30 | 株式会社ダイゾー | エアゾール装置 |
CA2213442A1 (en) * | 1995-03-10 | 1996-09-19 | The Minnesota Mining & Manufacturing Company | Aerosol valves |
ES2179192T3 (es) † | 1995-04-14 | 2003-01-16 | Smithkline Beecham Corp | Inhibidor dosificador para albuterol. |
AU718851B2 (en) * | 1995-04-14 | 2000-04-20 | Smithkline Beecham Corporation | Metered dose inhaler for beclomethasone dipropionate |
PT820323E (pt) † | 1995-04-14 | 2004-03-31 | Smithkline Beecham Corp | Inalador doseador para salmeterol |
HU219899B (hu) † | 1995-04-14 | 2001-09-28 | Glaxo Wellcome Inc. | Inhalálóberendezés flutikaszon-propionát adagolására mért dózisban |
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WO1997032672A1 (en) * | 1996-03-04 | 1997-09-12 | Polar Materials, Inc. | Method for bulk coating using a plasma process |
WO1997047347A1 (en) * | 1996-06-10 | 1997-12-18 | Sarnoff Corporation | Inhaler apparatus with modified surfaces for enhanced release of dry powders |
-
1999
- 1999-02-19 CA CA002321002A patent/CA2321002A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-02-19 IL IL13765099A patent/IL137650A0/xx active IP Right Grant
- 1999-02-19 JP JP2000532166A patent/JP2002503527A/ja active Pending
- 1999-02-19 EE EEP200000484A patent/EE04421B1/xx unknown
- 1999-02-19 HU HU0101459A patent/HU224459B1/hu active IP Right Grant
- 1999-02-19 ES ES99905106T patent/ES2178388T5/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-02-19 CN CNB998032379A patent/CN1168510C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-02-19 DE DE69901813T patent/DE69901813T3/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-02-19 DE DE69940017T patent/DE69940017D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-02-19 WO PCT/GB1999/000532 patent/WO1999042154A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-02-19 PT PT99905106T patent/PT1066073E/pt unknown
- 1999-02-19 EP EP02001152A patent/EP1208864B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-02-19 PT PT02001152T patent/PT1208864E/pt unknown
- 1999-02-19 DE DE69935681T patent/DE69935681T3/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-02-19 EP EP01100963A patent/EP1088567B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-02-19 TR TR2000/02439T patent/TR200002439T2/xx unknown
- 1999-02-19 EP EP99905106A patent/EP1066073B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-02-19 AT AT02001152T patent/ATE357941T1/de active
- 1999-02-19 CZ CZ20003078A patent/CZ299696B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-02-19 AT AT99905106T patent/ATE218899T1/de active
- 1999-02-19 DK DK02001152.4T patent/DK1208864T4/da active
- 1999-02-19 AT AT01100963T patent/ATE415993T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-02-19 PL PL342515A patent/PL190934B1/pl unknown
- 1999-02-19 SK SK1270-2000A patent/SK286381B6/sk not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-02-19 ES ES01100963T patent/ES2316404T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-02-19 ES ES02001152T patent/ES2284733T5/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-02-19 CA CA002327046A patent/CA2327046C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-02-19 AU AU25401/99A patent/AU742080B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1999-02-19 BR BR9908151-2A patent/BR9908151A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-02-19 MX MXPA00008174A patent/MXPA00008174A/es active IP Right Grant
- 1999-02-19 DK DK99905106T patent/DK1066073T4/da active
- 1999-02-19 EA EA200000866A patent/EA002639B1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-02-19 NZ NZ506316A patent/NZ506316A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-02-19 ID IDW20001888A patent/ID26130A/id unknown
- 1999-02-19 AP APAP/P/2000/001920A patent/AP1264A/en active
- 1999-02-19 DK DK01100963T patent/DK1088567T3/da active
-
2000
- 2000-08-10 IS IS5585A patent/IS2506B/is unknown
- 2000-08-22 HR HR20000548A patent/HRP20000548B1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-08-22 NO NO20004196A patent/NO334842B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-11-08 JP JP2000340938A patent/JP4795525B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2001
- 2001-09-27 HK HK01106848A patent/HK1036230A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2009
- 2009-01-23 JP JP2009013030A patent/JP4980382B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
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