CN116819402A - Transformer substation transformer fault identification and judgment method - Google Patents
Transformer substation transformer fault identification and judgment method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
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- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 13
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- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
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- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
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- 229910000976 Electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
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Abstract
The application provides a transformer substation transformer fault identification and judgment method, which belongs to the technical field of transformer diagnosis and comprises the following steps: and determining a component model of each component in the transformer through a scanner in the transformer. The vibration of the component relative to the transformer is determined by the scanner. And connecting the component model with the shell model of the transformer according to actual conditions, and setting material parameters on the component model and the shell model according to actual conditions. And simulating through the component model and the shell model, and determining the influence relationship of each component on the finally formed noise of the transformer. And collecting noise actually generated by the transformer in actual operation, and locking abnormal components in combination with influence relation. The transformer substation transformer fault identification judging method provided by the application can provide visual data support for the reasons for generating noise and the components which possibly have problems by constructing the component model and the like, has stronger pertinence, reduces the steps required by maintenance and improves the working efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of transformer diagnosis, and particularly relates to a transformer station transformer fault identification and judgment method.
Background
Along with the acceleration of the urban process of the development of modern industry, the power load is continuously increased, the number of newly-built or expanded substations is continuously increased, the transformer generates larger vibration and noise when in operation, the harmful effects on the living environment and living quality of residents in a building are inevitably generated, even human body discomfort is caused, in addition, the vibration noise generated when in operation of the transformer can seriously interfere the normal operation of the transformer and the use of related sensors, the severe vibration of the transformer can cause the accelerated aging of the structure, the service life of the transformer is influenced, meanwhile, the internal parts of the transformer are caused to be loose due to the structural damage caused by vibration, and even the transformer is caused to be in fault when serious.
In the existing method for detecting the transformer, the specific component which is in fault in the transformer cannot be accurately positioned, analysis and comparison are carried out only through the acquired time domain waveform of the transformer, so that the accuracy of abnormal state identification is low, and the reference significance is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a transformer substation transformer fault identification judging method, and aims to solve the problems that the accuracy of abnormal state identification is low and the reference significance is low because specific components with faults in a transformer cannot be accurately positioned.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the application adopts the following technical scheme: the method for identifying and judging the faults of the transformer substation comprises the following steps:
determining a component model of each component in the transformer through a scanner in the transformer;
determining vibration conditions of the component relative to the transformer through the scanner;
connecting the component model with a shell model of the transformer according to actual conditions, and setting material parameters on the component model and the shell model according to actual conditions;
simulating through the component model and the shell model, and determining the influence relationship of each component on the noise finally formed by the transformer;
and collecting the noise actually generated by the transformer in actual operation, and locking the abnormal component by combining the influence relation.
In one possible implementation, the determining, by a scanner inside the transformer, a component model of each component inside the transformer includes:
transmitting the three-dimensional data acquired by the scanner to an upper computer, and constructing the component model in the upper computer according to the three-dimensional data.
In one possible implementation, the setting of the material parameters on the component model and the shell model according to the actual situation includes:
reasonably selecting the number and the installation positions of the scanners;
and setting material parameters according to actual conditions, so that parameters such as structural strength, structural toughness and the like of the component model and the shell model are the same as actual parameters.
In one possible implementation manner, the connecting the component model with the housing model of the transformer according to the actual situation includes:
and connecting the component model and the shell model to form an integrated structure with the component model and the shell model to form the transformer model.
In one possible implementation, the determining, by the scanner, a vibration condition of the component relative to the transformer includes:
and the pulse sent by the scanner determines each position point of the component according to the angle sent by the pulse and the time for turning back the pulse, and determines the vibration conditions such as the amplitude, the frequency, the angle, the range and the like of the vibration of the component according to the change of the position points.
In one possible implementation manner, the simulating through the component model and the shell model, determining the influence relationship of each component on the noise finally formed by the transformer includes:
and (3) enabling all the component models to be in a normal vibration state, collecting noise generated by vibration of one component model, and shielding noise generated by vibration of all the rest component models.
In one possible implementation manner, the simulating through the component model and the shell model, determining the influence relationship of each component on the noise finally formed by the transformer includes:
the number of the component models needing to collect noise is sequentially increased, and noise generated by vibration of the component models needing to be shielded is correspondingly reduced.
In one possible implementation manner, the simulating through the component model and the shell model, determining the influence relationship of each component on the noise finally formed by the transformer includes:
and judging the influence relationship among the noises generated by the component models according to the simulation result of the component models, and calibrating on a spectrogram corresponding to the noises actually generated by the transformer in actual operation.
In one possible implementation, the locking the component that is abnormal in conjunction with the influencing relationship includes:
comparing the spectrogram with a standard frequency spectrum generated by the transformer model under the same input parameters;
and determining a difference interval between the two, and determining the component corresponding to the difference interval through the influence relation.
In one possible implementation manner, the comparing the spectrogram with a standard spectrum generated by the transformer model under the same input parameters includes:
setting the components corresponding to the same region in the spectrogram and the standard frequency spectrum to be in a normal state;
and setting the components corresponding to different areas in the spectrogram and the standard spectrum to be in an abnormal state, and determining main reasons of influence deviation and the corresponding components according to the influence relation.
The transformer substation transformer fault identification and judgment method provided by the application has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, in the transformer substation transformer fault identification judging method, the component model of each component in the transformer is firstly determined through the scanner in the transformer, and the vibration condition of the component relative to the transformer is determined through the scanner. And connecting the constructed component model with a shell of the transformer, and setting material parameters for the component model and the shell model according to actual conditions.
After the material parameter setting is completed, the component model and the shell model are used for simulation, the influence relation is determined according to the simulation result, the influence condition of the component with noise formed by the influence relation reaction is determined, the noise of the transformer in the actual condition during operation is collected, and the abnormal component is determined through analysis.
Based on actual, the application can provide visual data support for the reasons of noise generation and the components which possibly have problems by constructing the component model and the like, has stronger pertinence, reduces the steps required by maintenance and improves the working efficiency.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a fault identification and determination method for a transformer of a substation according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical schemes and beneficial effects to be solved more clear, the application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the application.
Referring to fig. 1, a description will now be given of a method for identifying and determining faults of a transformer in a substation according to the present application. The transformer substation transformer fault identification judging method comprises the following steps:
and determining a component model of each component in the transformer through a scanner in the transformer.
The vibration of the component relative to the transformer is determined by the scanner.
And connecting the component model with the shell model of the transformer according to actual conditions, and setting material parameters on the component model and the shell model according to actual conditions.
And simulating through the component model and the shell model, and determining the influence relationship of each component on the finally formed noise of the transformer.
And collecting noise actually generated by the transformer in actual operation, and locking abnormal components in combination with influence relation.
The transformer substation transformer fault identification and judgment method provided by the application has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, in the transformer substation transformer fault identification judging method, the component model of each component in the transformer is firstly determined through the scanner in the transformer, and the vibration condition of the component relative to the transformer is determined through the scanner. And connecting the constructed component model with a shell of the transformer, and setting material parameters for the component model and the shell model according to actual conditions.
After the material parameter setting is completed, the component model and the shell model are used for simulation, the influence relation is determined according to the simulation result, the influence condition of the component with noise formed by the influence relation reaction is determined, the noise of the transformer in the actual condition during operation is collected, and the abnormal component is determined through analysis.
Based on actual, the application can provide visual data support for the reasons of noise generation and the components which possibly have problems by constructing the component model and the like, has stronger pertinence, reduces the steps required by maintenance and improves the working efficiency.
In the aspect of researching the inherent vibration characteristics of the iron core, the simulation analysis is carried out on the whole iron core by adopting a finite element simulation mode, so that the vibration mode of the iron core is calculated, however, the multi-layer lamination structure of the iron core enables the mechanical characteristics of the iron core to present remarkable anisotropism, and finally, when the integral iron core model is analyzed, the inherent vibration frequency of the iron core in the bending direction is far greater than the actual frequency, so that the actual vibration characteristics of the iron core can not be well reflected.
Moreover, after the silicon steel lamination vibration characteristics under different lamination numbers are researched, the natural frequency of the silicon steel sheet vibration is not basically changed along with the lamination number of the silicon steel sheets, the silicon steel sheet lamination model established in the prior art can reflect the natural vibration characteristics under the iron core lamination structure, but the calculated amount is too large, the solution and the simplification are difficult to be excessively carried out, the problem that the simulation result and the actual difference are large, the problem that the actual reference value to engineering is small and the like exists.
In some embodiments of the method for identifying and determining faults of a transformer substation, determining a component model of each component in the transformer by a scanner inside the transformer includes:
and transmitting the three-dimensional data acquired by the scanner to an upper computer, and constructing a component model in the upper computer according to the three-dimensional data.
When the transformer is used, certain changes can be generated on the components or certain impurities are attached to the components, after certain changes are generated on the components, vibration different from the prior art can be generated on the components in the running process of the transformer, and if the vibration state of the components is changed, noise generated by the vibration of the components is also changed, and finally the noise can be enhanced or weakened.
In the existing method, the running state of the transformer and the conditions of all components are estimated by detecting the vibration of the outer surface of the transformer, but the method is easily influenced by a great amount of external environments, and more importantly, the states of all components cannot be estimated effectively by the collected data, so that the normal use of the transformer is finally influenced.
In order to more intuitively determine the running state of the transformer, the application effectively presumes the influence of noise, so that a scanner is arranged in the transformer, the scanner can scan all components in the transformer, three-dimensional data is finally generated, and a corresponding model can be established through the three-dimensional data.
After the model of the internal components of the transformer is built, the running condition of the current transformer can be accurately identified by corresponding analysis.
In some embodiments of the method for identifying and determining faults of a transformer in a transformer substation provided by the present application, setting material parameters on a component model and a shell model according to actual conditions includes:
the number of scanners and the installation locations are reasonably selected.
And setting material parameters according to actual conditions, so that parameters such as structural strength, structural toughness and the like of the component model and the shell model are the same as actual parameters.
The scanner can scan the whole range in the transformer, namely the scanner can take the scanner itself as a datum point, then a plurality of measuring pulses are emitted, the pulse emission angles and the turning-back time are different, and finally the model information of each component in the current transformer can be judged through the scanner according to the time difference, the emission angles and the like.
It should be noted that, since some components in the transformer are directly immersed in the transformer oil, the accuracy of the results detected by the scanner may be reduced, so that in practical application, the transformer oil in the transformer needs to be discharged first, so that the components can be exposed, and then scanning modeling is performed.
Meanwhile, for the sake of comprehensiveness of scanning, the number of scanners in the transformer is at least two, and the two scanners can be diagonally arranged.
After the scanning modeling is completed, the scanner uploads the result to the upper computer, and the upper computer establishes each component model according to the data fed back by the scanner. In order to accurately simulate noise and vibration conditions, corresponding material parameters are required to be set on the model, and parameters such as structural strength, structural toughness and the like of the position corresponding to a corresponding component in a real transformer in the model are required to be identical.
After the conditions are determined, the model is placed under the actual conditions and parameters of the transformer, so that the noise condition sent by the model under the same conditions is simulated in the upper computer.
In some embodiments of the method for identifying and determining faults of a transformer in a transformer substation provided by the application, connecting a component model with a shell model of the transformer according to actual conditions includes:
the component model and the shell model are connected, so that the component model and the shell model are integrated into a whole structure to form the transformer model.
The scanner determines the space distribution condition of each component in the transformer, when the scanner transmits scanned information into the upper computer, a corresponding component model and a mutual connection relation which can exist between the component models can be established through the upper computer, but noise generated by the components can be transmitted to the outside only through the shell of the transformer, and more importantly, the connection relation exists between part of the components and the transformer shell, because the transformer shell can vibrate together with the components due to the connection relation.
For the above reasons, a transformer shell model needs to be built on the outer side of the model, the model of the component and the transformer shell model are connected in the host computer according to actual conditions, meanwhile, the transformer is fixed on a specific bracket, when the transformer shell is required to vibrate in actual application, namely, the amplitude and the frequency of the vibration of the transformer shell under the action of the support are measured, after the conditions are determined, the corresponding frequency and the amplitude are set in the host computer, and the final purpose is to truly simulate the same application conditions as the actual application conditions in the host computer.
In some embodiments of the method for identifying and determining faults of a transformer substation provided by the application, determining vibration conditions of a component relative to the transformer through a scanner includes:
and determining each position point of the component according to the pulse emitting angle and the pulse turning-back time, and determining the vibration conditions such as the vibration amplitude, frequency, angle, range and the like of the component according to the change of the position points.
The model of each component in the transformer and the model of the transformer shell are created, the model and the model are connected and positioned, the transformer can be reduced in equal proportion finally through the scanner, and the fact that the model is provided with the material parameters of each model in the upper computer can generate certain noise through the transformer shell model when the model vibrates correspondingly, and finally the running state of each component in the transformer and the condition of the component can be determined through comparing the simulated noise with the actually acquired noise.
In particular, in practice, the vibration condition of the target member can be determined by determining the relative position and the relative angle between the target member and the scanner over a period of time.
When actual measurement is needed, the vibration condition of each current component is determined through a sensor or a scanner in the running process of the transformer, the vibration condition comprises information such as the amplitude, the frequency, the angle and the range of the vibration, and the like, and the information is uploaded to an upper computer, so that the model in the upper computer generates the same vibration, noise is collected at the same position, and finally the simulated noise is compared and analyzed with the noise which is actually collected.
In some embodiments of the method for identifying and judging faults of a transformer in a transformer substation, simulation is performed through a component model and a shell model, and determining an influence relationship of each component on noise finally formed by the transformer comprises the following steps:
all the component models are in a normal vibration state, noise generated by vibration of one component model is collected, and noise generated by vibration of all the other component models is shielded.
The model in the upper computer is not applied to practice, but the model with equal proportion can generate corresponding noise under the same vibration condition by means of strong computing power of the upper computer, namely the noise can be simulated in the upper computer.
In order to analyze the main factors affecting the noise, it is necessary to analyze the noise components and the cause of the noise. The volumes of the different components are different, and the frequencies of the vibration of the components may be different, so that after the noise is collected and fourier transformation is performed to obtain a spectrogram, the sound frequency and the corresponding range corresponding to each component can be determined on the spectrogram.
When only one component vibrates, the upper computer can simulate the noise generated by the component and the corresponding frequency range, and other components are in the vibration state at the same time, but the noise generated by the other components can be shielded, and only the noise generated by the target component is acquired. After all the components are independently simulated, the distribution of noise generated by each component on a spectrogram is preliminarily determined.
In some embodiments of the method for identifying and judging faults of a transformer in a transformer substation, simulation is performed through a component model and a shell model, and determining an influence relationship of each component on noise finally formed by the transformer comprises the following steps:
the number of component models needing to collect noise is sequentially increased, and noise generated by the component models needing to be shielded due to vibration is correspondingly reduced.
Because the components of the actual transformer noise are complex, the noises generated by the components may be mutually superimposed, which puts higher requirements on the analysis of the noises, in order to thoroughly analyze the components corresponding to the superimposed area, two components are selected for simulation in a random combination mode after the frequency spectrum of the noise of a single component is determined, and then the current noise generated condition and the noise interaction condition between the two components are determined.
After the two-by-two random combination of the components is completed and the mutual influence of the noises is also determined, the three components are randomly combined into a group, the spectrogram of the current noise is determined, the mutual influence of the noise components is analyzed from the spectrogram, the spectrogram of the noise generated by a plurality of components can be compared with the spectrogram generated by a single component, and the influence of the noise between the components is deduced according to the difference of the two.
After the whole transformer component is simulated, the influence condition of other components suffered by a single component can be analyzed in a specific range area by analyzing the spectrograms of two components, three components and the like, and finally the association relation between the components is judged.
In some embodiments of the method for identifying and judging faults of a transformer in a transformer substation, simulation is performed through a component model and a shell model, and determining an influence relationship of each component on noise finally formed by the transformer comprises the following steps:
and judging the mutual influence relation between the noises generated by each component model according to the simulation result of the component model, and calibrating on a spectrogram corresponding to the noises actually generated by the transformer in actual operation.
With the increase of the use time in the transformer, the aging of the components, the attachment of impurities on the components and other reasons can cause the change of a specific frequency range on the spectrogram, and based on the reasons, the noise condition of the transformer needs to be tested under the condition of various nodes before the transformer is put into use, and then the spectrograms corresponding to different nodes are recorded respectively.
At the same time, under the condition of different nodes, the frequency range representing each component on the spectrogram can have corresponding change.
The main cause of transformer noise is the vibration of each component in the transformer, which can generate noise, and the noise generated by multiple components are superimposed on each other, thus finally forming noise detected outside the transformer. Because the components are different in structure and position, and in corresponding cases, the frequency and amplitude of vibration of each component are also different, and for the reasons described above, the frequency of noise generated by the components will eventually appear at the corresponding position of the determined spectrogram, that is, a specific part of frequencies on the spectrogram may be affected by one component in the transformer, and a specific other part of frequencies may be affected by another component, and also when one component fails, the finally determined frequency change will also appear only in the corresponding range on the spectrogram.
In some embodiments of the method for identifying and determining faults of a transformer in a transformer substation provided by the application, the component for locking the abnormal influence relationship comprises:
and comparing the spectrogram with a standard frequency spectrum generated by the transformer model under the same input parameters.
And determining a difference interval between the two, and determining a component corresponding to the difference interval through an influence relation.
After the influence degree of the vibration of each component on the noise with the specific frequency is analyzed on the total spectrogram, the total noise spectrogram generated by the upper computer under the condition of the same vibration is required to be analyzed and compared with the spectrogram which is actually collected.
That is, the two spectrograms are placed in the same coordinate system, then the change conditions of the frequency and the amplitude under the same input parameters are compared, if the two spectrograms are the same, the transformer is tentatively set to have no faults, and if the difference of the partial position amplitude values on the two spectrograms is larger, or the amplitude values have larger difference in a range of intervals, the components which possibly have problems are locked according to the corresponding relation determined before.
In some embodiments of the method for identifying and determining faults of a transformer substation, comparing a spectrogram with a standard spectrum generated by a transformer model under the same input parameters includes:
and setting the components corresponding to the same region in the spectrogram and the standard spectrum to be in a normal state.
And setting the components corresponding to different areas in the spectrogram and the standard spectrum as abnormal states, and determining main reasons of influence deviation and the corresponding components according to the influence relation.
By comparison, whether the component is in a normal state or not can be effectively judged, so that the state of the transformer is judged.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the application is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the application.
Claims (10)
1. The transformer substation transformer fault identification judging method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
determining a component model of each component in the transformer through a scanner in the transformer;
determining vibration conditions of the component relative to the transformer through the scanner;
connecting the component model with a shell model of the transformer according to actual conditions, and setting material parameters on the component model and the shell model according to actual conditions;
simulating through the component model and the shell model, and determining the influence relationship of each component on the noise finally formed by the transformer;
and collecting the noise actually generated by the transformer in actual operation, and locking the abnormal component by combining the influence relation.
2. The method for identifying and determining the fault of the transformer substation according to claim 1, wherein the determining the component model of each component in the transformer by the scanner inside the transformer comprises:
transmitting the three-dimensional data acquired by the scanner to an upper computer, and constructing the component model in the upper computer according to the three-dimensional data.
3. The substation transformer fault identification determination method according to claim 2, wherein said setting material parameters on said component model and said housing model based on actual conditions comprises:
reasonably selecting the number and the installation positions of the scanners;
and setting material parameters according to actual conditions, so that parameters such as structural strength, structural toughness and the like of the component model and the shell model are the same as actual parameters.
4. A substation transformer fault identification determination method as claimed in claim 3, wherein said connecting said component model with said transformer housing model according to actual conditions comprises:
and connecting the component model and the shell model to form an integrated structure with the component model and the shell model to form the transformer model.
5. The substation transformer fault identification determination method of claim 2, wherein said determining, by said scanner, vibration conditions of said component relative to said transformer comprises:
and the pulse sent by the scanner determines each position point of the component according to the angle sent by the pulse and the time for turning back the pulse, and determines the vibration conditions such as the amplitude, the frequency, the angle, the range and the like of the vibration of the component according to the change of the position points.
6. The method for identifying and determining the fault of the transformer in the substation according to claim 2, wherein the step of determining the influence relationship of each component on the noise finally formed by the transformer by performing simulation through the component model and the housing model comprises the steps of:
and (3) enabling all the component models to be in a normal vibration state, collecting noise generated by vibration of one component model, and shielding noise generated by vibration of all the rest component models.
7. The method for identifying and determining the fault of the transformer in the substation according to claim 6, wherein the step of determining the influence relationship of each component on the noise finally formed by the transformer by performing simulation through the component model and the housing model comprises the steps of:
the number of the component models needing to collect noise is sequentially increased, and noise generated by vibration of the component models needing to be shielded is correspondingly reduced.
8. The method for identifying and determining the fault of the transformer in the substation according to claim 7, wherein the step of determining the influence relationship of each component on the noise finally formed by the transformer by performing simulation through the component model and the housing model comprises the steps of:
and judging the influence relationship among the noises generated by the component models according to the simulation result of the component models, and calibrating on a spectrogram corresponding to the noises actually generated by the transformer in actual operation.
9. The substation transformer fault identification determination method according to claim 8, wherein said means for locking the occurrence of an abnormality in conjunction with said influence relation comprises:
comparing the spectrogram with a standard frequency spectrum generated by the transformer model under the same input parameters;
and determining a difference interval between the two, and determining the component corresponding to the difference interval through the influence relation.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein comparing the spectrogram with a standard spectrum generated by the transformer model under the same input parameters comprises:
setting the components corresponding to the same region in the spectrogram and the standard frequency spectrum to be in a normal state;
and setting the components corresponding to different areas in the spectrogram and the standard spectrum to be in an abnormal state, and determining main reasons of influence deviation and the corresponding components according to the influence relation.
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