CN113465850B - Method, test device and test method for identifying mechanical vibration signal path - Google Patents
Method, test device and test method for identifying mechanical vibration signal path Download PDFInfo
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- CN113465850B CN113465850B CN202110551930.6A CN202110551930A CN113465850B CN 113465850 B CN113465850 B CN 113465850B CN 202110551930 A CN202110551930 A CN 202110551930A CN 113465850 B CN113465850 B CN 113465850B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/02—Vibration-testing by means of a shake table
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/02—Vibration-testing by means of a shake table
- G01M7/025—Measuring arrangements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/10—Geometric CAD
- G06F30/17—Mechanical parametric or variational design
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
- G06F30/23—Design optimisation, verification or simulation using finite element methods [FEM] or finite difference methods [FDM]
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- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T17/00—Three dimensional [3D] modelling, e.g. data description of 3D objects
- G06T17/20—Finite element generation, e.g. wire-frame surface description, tesselation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2111/00—Details relating to CAD techniques
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- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
Abstract
The present disclosure relates to a method, a test device and a test method for mechanical vibration signal path identification, wherein the method for mechanical vibration signal path identification comprises: acquiring a mixed signal during the mechanical vibration; establishing a finite element model of the machine, and calculating the basic vibration frequency of the machine during vibration according to the finite element model and the mixed signal; performing blind source separation on each source signal in the mixed signal by using a numerical calculation method, and analyzing the contribution value of the vibration component of each source signal in the mixed signal according to the calculation result of the basic vibration frequency during mechanical vibration so as to establish a blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal; and (3) performing test verification on the blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal by using a test device so as to verify the accuracy of the blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal. By the method, each source signal can be accurately identified.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the technical field of mechanical vibration testing, and in particular relates to a method, a test device and a test method for identifying a mechanical vibration signal path.
Background
The mechanical vibration signal is used as an important parameter reflecting the load, has rich information, clear physical meaning and large magnitude change range, is convenient to identify and decide, and makes the mechanical fault diagnosis technology based on mechanical vibration signal processing one of the most effective methods.
At present, in the technical field of mechanical vibration testing, the adopted method for identifying various mechanical vibration signal paths cannot accurately identify various source signals in a mixed signal, so that the operation of a machine cannot be monitored and detected, and the cause of faults generated in the operation process of the machine cannot be accurately found. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find a method capable of accurately identifying each source signal in a mixed signal.
It should be noted that the information disclosed in the above background section is only for enhancing understanding of the background of the present disclosure and thus may include information that does not constitute prior art known to those of ordinary skill in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The present disclosure aims to provide a method, a test device and a test method for identifying a mechanical vibration signal path, which can accurately identify each source signal.
A first aspect of the present disclosure provides a method of mechanical vibration signal path identification, comprising:
acquiring a mixed signal during the mechanical vibration;
establishing a finite element model of the machine, and calculating the basic vibration frequency of the machine during vibration according to the finite element model and the mixed signal;
performing blind source separation on each source signal in the mixed signal by using a numerical calculation method, and analyzing the contribution value of the vibration component of each source signal in the mixed signal according to the calculation result of the basic vibration frequency during mechanical vibration so as to establish a blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal;
and (3) performing test verification on the blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal by using a test device so as to verify the accuracy of the blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal.
In an exemplary embodiment of the disclosure, the establishing the finite element model of the machine and calculating the fundamental vibration frequency of the machine vibration according to the finite element model and the mixed signal includes:
meshing the model of the machine by utilizing finite element software to establish a finite element model of the machine;
and inputting the mixed signal into the finite element model, and calculating to obtain the basic vibration frequency of the machine.
In an exemplary embodiment of the disclosure, the method for performing blind source separation on each source signal in the mixed signal by using numerical calculation includes:
selecting a denoising function during blind source separation;
performing numerical calculation by using the denoising function so as to eliminate noise signals in the mixed signal;
and separating each source signal in the mixed signal on the basis of removing the noise signal so as to obtain each source signal.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, before the selecting a denoising function in blind source separation, the blind source separation is performed on each source signal in the mixed signal, and further includes:
obtaining the main component composition of the mixed signal by an empirical mode decomposition method;
adding a signal to the mixed signal to form a new mixed signal.
In an exemplary embodiment of the disclosure, the analyzing the vibration component contribution value of each of the source signals in the mixed signal according to the calculation result of the fundamental vibration frequency during the mechanical vibration to build a blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal includes:
calculating the vibration frequency of each source signal according to the calculation result of the basic vibration frequency during the mechanical vibration;
acquiring the energy distribution condition of each signal transmission path and the composition proportion of source signals on each signal transmission path;
obtaining a vibration component contribution value of each source signal in the mixed signal according to the vibration frequency of each source signal, the energy distribution condition on each signal transmission path and the composition proportion of the source signals on each signal transmission path;
and acquiring a main source signal in the mechanical vibration signal according to the vibration component contribution value of each source signal in the mixed signal so as to establish a blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal.
In an exemplary embodiment of the disclosure, the applying a test apparatus to perform test verification on the blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal to verify accuracy of the blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal includes:
placing a plurality of sensors on the test device for collecting vibration signals at various positions of the test device;
collecting the mixed signals at all the positions in real time by using a signal acquisition device;
separating the collected mixed signals according to the collected mixed signals by using a blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signals so as to obtain separated source signals;
and analyzing and comparing the separated source signals with the source signals of the test device to verify the accuracy of the blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signals.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the analyzing and comparing the separated source signal and the source signal of the test device to verify the accuracy of the blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal includes:
setting an accuracy judgment threshold;
analyzing and comparing the separated source signal with the source signal of the test device;
when the similarity of the separated source signals and the source signals of the test device is larger than or equal to the accuracy judgment threshold value, verifying that a blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal is accurate; and when the similarity between the separated source signal and the source signal of the test device is smaller than the accuracy judgment threshold value, verifying that the blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal is inaccurate.
A second aspect of the present disclosure provides a test device for mechanical vibration signal path recognition, the test device applying the method for mechanical vibration signal path recognition described in any one of the above, the test device comprising:
knocking a hammer and an electromagnetic vibration table;
the test device is fixed on the electromagnetic vibration table;
the electromagnetic excitation vibration table is connected with the test device;
the sensors are respectively arranged at different positions of the test device;
the data acquisition equipment is connected with the plurality of sensors and used for acquiring mixed signal data;
and the computing processing equipment is connected with the data acquisition equipment and used for acquiring mixed signal data and identifying the mixed signal data.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the test device for mechanical vibration signal path identification further includes:
the power amplifier is provided with an input end and an output end, the input end is connected with a plurality of sensors, and the output end is connected with the data acquisition equipment.
A third aspect of the present disclosure provides a test method of mechanical vibration signal path recognition, the test method of mechanical vibration signal path recognition applying the test apparatus of mechanical vibration signal path recognition described in any one of the above, the test method comprising:
knocking the test device by using the knocking hammer to enable the test device to generate a first mixed signal, acquiring first mixed signal data by using the data acquisition equipment, and identifying the first mixed signal data by using the calculation processing equipment;
opening the electromagnetic vibration table to enable the test device to generate a second mixed signal, acquiring second mixed signal data by utilizing the data acquisition equipment, and identifying the second mixed signal data by utilizing the computing and processing equipment;
opening the electromagnetic vibration table, knocking the test device by utilizing the knocking hammer so as to enable the test device to generate a third mixed signal, acquiring third mixed signal data by utilizing the data acquisition equipment, and identifying the third mixed signal data by utilizing the computing and processing equipment;
opening the electromagnetic excitation vibration table to enable the test device to generate a fourth mixed signal, acquiring fourth mixed signal data by utilizing the data acquisition equipment, and identifying the fourth mixed signal data by utilizing the computing and processing equipment;
opening the electromagnetic vibration table and the electromagnetic excitation vibration table to enable the test device to generate a fifth mixed signal, acquiring fifth mixed signal data by using the data acquisition equipment, and identifying the fifth mixed signal data by using the calculation processing equipment;
and identifying main source signals of the test device under each condition according to the identification of the first mixed signal data, the second mixed signal data, the third mixed signal data, the fourth mixed signal data and the fifth mixed signal data by the computing processing equipment.
The technical scheme provided by the disclosure can achieve the following beneficial effects:
according to the method for identifying the path of the mechanical vibration signal, a mechanical finite element model is established through a theoretical algorithm research method, and the basic vibration frequency during mechanical vibration is calculated according to the finite element model and the mixed signal; and performing blind source separation on each source signal in the mixed signal by using a numerical analysis method, and establishing a blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal, so that each source signal can be accurately identified. Meanwhile, the method also uses a test verification mode, and a test device is applied to test and verify the blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal so as to verify the accuracy of the blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal.
Therefore, the application can accurately identify each source signal through numerical calculation; the method can also combine theoretical algorithm research, numerical calculation analysis and test verification, and further improve the accuracy of the mechanical vibration signal path identification method.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosure.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the disclosure and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure. It will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that the drawings in the following description are merely examples of the disclosure and that other drawings may be derived from them without undue effort.
FIG. 1 illustrates a flow diagram of a method of mechanical vibration signal path identification according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 illustrates a flow diagram of a test method for mechanical vibration signal path identification according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the exemplary embodiments can be embodied in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of the example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar structures, and thus detailed descriptions thereof will be omitted.
Although relative terms such as "upper" and "lower" are used in this specification to describe the relative relationship of one component of an icon to another component, these terms are used in this specification for convenience only, such as in terms of the orientation of the examples described in the figures. It will be appreciated that if the device of the icon is flipped upside down, the recited "up" component will become the "down" component. When a structure is "on" another structure, it may mean that the structure is integrally formed with the other structure, or that the structure is "directly" disposed on the other structure, or that the structure is "indirectly" disposed on the other structure through another structure.
The terms "a," "an," "the," and "said" are used to indicate the presence of one or more elements/components/etc.; the terms "comprising" and "having" are intended to be inclusive and mean that there may be additional elements/components/etc. in addition to the listed elements/components/etc.; the terms "first" and "second" and the like are used merely as labels, and are not intended to limit the number of their objects.
The disclosure provides a method for identifying a mechanical vibration signal path, wherein the machine may be an aeroengine, but is not limited thereto, and may be other machines, and may be selected according to actual needs, which is within the scope of the disclosure. The method for identifying the path of the mechanical vibration signal can accurately identify each source signal in the vibration signal through numerical calculation; the method can also combine theoretical algorithm research, numerical calculation analysis and test verification, and further improve the accuracy of the mechanical vibration signal path identification method. As shown in fig. 1, the method for identifying the path of the mechanical vibration signal may include:
s10, acquiring a mixed signal during mechanical vibration;
step S20, a finite element model of the machine is established, and the basic vibration frequency during the mechanical vibration is calculated according to the finite element model and the mixed signal;
step S30, performing blind source separation on each source signal in the mixed signal by using a numerical calculation method, and analyzing the contribution value of the vibration component of each source signal in the mixed signal according to the calculation result of the basic vibration frequency during mechanical vibration so as to establish a blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal;
and S40, performing test verification on the blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal by using a test device so as to verify the accuracy of the blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal.
The following describes the above steps in detail:
in step S10, a mixed signal at the time of mechanical vibration may be acquired. Specifically, the mixed signal generated when the signal data acquisition device mechanically vibrates can be utilized for acquisition, so that the mixed signal generated when the signal data acquisition device mechanically vibrates is acquired.
In step S20, a finite element model of the machine may be established, and a fundamental vibration frequency at the time of the machine vibration may be calculated from the finite element model and the mixed signal.
Specifically, the model of the machine may be meshed using finite element software to create a finite element model of the machine. For example: the three-dimensional model of the machine can be established first, the three-dimensional model is imported into finite element software, and the finite element software is utilized to divide grids of the three-dimensional model, so that the finite element model of the machine is obtained.
Further, the mixed signal may be input into a finite element model and calculated to obtain a fundamental vibration frequency of the machine.
It should be noted that, the present disclosure does not limit the above calculation manner, and finite element software may not be used to build a finite element model and calculate, for example: modeling and calculation may be performed by way of manual calculation, which is also within the scope of the present disclosure.
In step S30, a method of numerical calculation may be used to perform blind source separation on each source signal in the mixed signal, and analyze the contribution value of the vibration component of each source signal in the mixed signal according to the calculation result of the fundamental vibration frequency during mechanical vibration, so as to establish a blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal.
Specifically, when blind source separation is performed on each source signal in the mixed signal by using a numerical calculation method, a denoising function during blind source separation can be selected, and numerical calculation is performed by using the denoising function so as to eliminate noise signals in the mixed signal. Further, each source signal in the mixed signal may be separated on the basis of removing the noise signal, thereby obtaining each source signal. By removing noise in the mixed signal, interference during source signal separation can be removed, and thus the accuracy of source signal separation is improved.
It will be appreciated that the mixed signal may have multiple paths of signals, each from a predetermined point, and each having multiple source signals.
In one embodiment of the present disclosure, a denoising source separation method may be utilized to blind source separate individual source signals in a mixed signal. When the denoising source separation method for public exploitation is adopted, the denoising function during blind source separation can be a selection function during denoising source separation.
In one embodiment of the present disclosure, before selecting the denoising function in blind source separation, performing blind source separation on each source signal in the mixed signal may further include:
the main component composition of the mixed signal is obtained by an empirical mode decomposition method. However, the present application is not limited thereto, and other methods may be employed to obtain the main component composition of the mixed signal.
Further, a signal may be added to the mixed signal to form a new mixed signal. By adding new signals into the obtained mixed signals, the problem of inaccurate blind source separation caused by insufficient number of acquired signals in the blind source separation process can be solved.
It should be noted that, when adding a new signal to form a new mixed signal, the mixed signal used in all steps after the step of forming a new mixed signal in the present disclosure is the new mixed signal as described herein.
In addition, the vibration frequency of each source signal may be calculated based on the calculation result of the fundamental vibration frequency at the time of mechanical vibration, so that the vibration frequency characteristics of each source signal may be obtained.
Further, the energy distribution of each signal transfer path and the composition ratio of the source signals on each signal transfer path can be obtained. The composition ratio of the source signals on each signal transmission path is different due to the different energy distribution on each signal transmission path. Therefore, it is necessary to calculate the composition ratio of the source signal on each signal transfer path.
After the energy distribution situation of each signal transmission path and the composition proportion of the source signals on each signal transmission path are obtained, the vibration component contribution value of each source signal in the mixed signal can be obtained according to the vibration frequency of each source signal, the energy distribution situation of each signal transmission path and the composition proportion of the source signals on each signal transmission path.
Furthermore, the main source signals in the mechanical vibration signals can be obtained according to the contribution values of vibration components of the source signals in the mixed signals, so as to establish a blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signals.
For example, when the method used in the present disclosure requires a determination of the cause of a failure in the operation of a machine, the primary source signal described herein is a signal generated by a primary vibration source that causes the failure in the operation of the machine.
The above-mentioned blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal is the above-mentioned calculation method for obtaining the main source signal in the mechanical vibration signal, that is, the blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal may include the above-mentioned steps S10 to S30.
In step S40, a test device may be applied to perform test verification on the blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal, so as to verify the accuracy of the blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal. And through experimental verification, the accuracy of the blind source separation calculation model is ensured, so that the accuracy of the calculation model in the long-term practical application in the future is ensured.
In particular, a plurality of sensors may be placed on the test device for acquiring vibration signals at various locations of the test device.
For example, the arrangement position of the sensor can be planned in advance in the test device according to the requirement, so as to accurately acquire the vibration signal of the required position. The sensor may be an acceleration sensor, but is not limited thereto, and other sensors may be selected according to actual needs, which are all within the scope of the present disclosure.
The test apparatus, which may be a frame structure for simulating a real machine, may be machined prior to placing the plurality of sensors on the test apparatus.
Furthermore, the signal acquisition device can be used for collecting the mixed signals at all positions in real time, and the blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signals is used for separating the acquired mixed signals according to the collected mixed signals so as to obtain separated source signals.
Furthermore, the separated source signals can be analyzed and compared with the source signals of the test device to verify the accuracy of the blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signals.
In one embodiment of the present disclosure, an accuracy determination threshold may be set, which may be any value from 80% to 100%, but is not limited thereto, and may be other values, and may be set according to actual needs.
The separated source signal may be analyzed and compared with the source signal of the test device. When the similarity between the separated source signal and the source signal of the test device is greater than or equal to an accuracy judgment threshold value, verifying that a blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal is accurate; when the similarity between the separated source signal and the source signal of the test device is smaller than the accuracy judgment threshold value, the blind source separation calculation model for verifying the mechanical vibration signal is inaccurate.
In one embodiment of the present disclosure, to ensure accuracy of a blind source separation calculation model that verifies mechanical vibration signals, different conditions of the machine during operation may be simulated. The accuracy of the blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signals under different working conditions can be further improved through the accuracy verification of the blind source separation calculation model.
A second aspect of the present disclosure provides a test apparatus for identifying a path of a mechanical vibration signal, which can accurately identify each source signal in the vibration signal by using the method for identifying a path of a mechanical vibration signal described above.
The test device may include: the device comprises a knocking hammer, an electromagnetic vibration table, a test device, a plurality of sensors, data acquisition equipment and calculation processing equipment.
The striking hammer may be a force hammer, but is not limited thereto, and the striking hammer may be any object that can be struck, and may be selected according to actual needs.
The electromagnetic vibration table is used for providing vibration conditions for the test device. The electromagnetic vibration table may be an Instron1504 type electromagnetic vibration table, but is not limited thereto, and may be other types of electromagnetic vibration tables.
The test device may be fixed to the electromagnetic vibration table, and may have a frame structure, but not limited to this, and may have another structure or a real machine.
An electromagnetically excited vibration table may be coupled to the test apparatus for providing an excited vibration signal to the test apparatus. The electromagnetic excitation vibration table may be a 100KG electromagnetic excitation vibration table, but is not limited thereto, and may be another electromagnetic excitation vibration table.
The plurality of sensors may be disposed at different locations of the test device, respectively. Specifically, the mounting position of the sensor may be selected in advance on the test device as needed so as to acquire the required signal data. The sensor may be an acceleration sensor, but is not limited thereto.
The data acquisition device may be coupled to a plurality of sensors for acquiring the mixed signal data in real time. The data acquisition device may be a data acquisition device to which the LMS data acquisition system is applied, but is not limited thereto.
The computing processing device may be connected to the data acquisition device for acquiring and identifying the mixed signal data.
In one embodiment of the present disclosure, to make signal acquisition more accurate and comprehensive, the test device for mechanical vibration signal path identification may further include: a power amplifier having an input and an output. Wherein the input may be coupled to a plurality of sensors for inputting signal data; the output end can be connected with the data acquisition device and used for transmitting the signal data after the signal method to the data acquisition device.
In a third aspect of the present disclosure, a test method for mechanical vibration signal path recognition is provided, and the test method for mechanical vibration signal path recognition applies the test device for mechanical vibration signal path recognition described above. The test method for identifying the path of the mechanical vibration signal can accurately identify each source signal in the vibration signal.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the test method may include:
step S100, knocking the test device by using a knocking hammer so as to enable the test device to generate a first mixed signal, acquiring first mixed signal data by using data acquisition equipment, and identifying the first mixed signal data by using calculation processing equipment;
step S200, opening an electromagnetic vibration table to enable the test device to generate a second mixed signal, acquiring second mixed signal data by using data acquisition equipment, and identifying the second mixed signal data by using calculation processing equipment;
step S300, opening an electromagnetic vibration table, knocking a test device by utilizing a knocking hammer so as to enable the test device to generate a third mixed signal, acquiring third mixed signal data by utilizing data acquisition equipment, and identifying the third mixed signal data by utilizing calculation processing equipment;
step S400, opening an electromagnetic excitation vibration table to enable the test device to generate a fourth mixed signal, acquiring fourth mixed signal data by using data acquisition equipment, and identifying the fourth mixed signal data by using calculation processing equipment;
s500, opening an electromagnetic vibration table and an electromagnetic excitation vibration table to enable a test device to generate a fifth mixed signal, acquiring fifth mixed signal data by using a data acquisition device, and identifying the fifth mixed signal data by using a calculation processing device;
step S600, according to the identification of the first mixed signal data, the second mixed signal data, the third mixed signal data, the fourth mixed signal data and the fifth mixed signal data by the computing and processing equipment, the main source signals of the test device under each condition are identified.
The following describes the individual steps of the test method described above in a specific example:
in step S100, the test device may be tapped with a tap point so that the test device generates a first mixed signal. The first mixed signal may be acquired by using a data acquisition device applying the LMS data acquisition system, wherein a frequency of acquiring the first mixed signal may be set to 2048Hz, and the first mixed signal data is identified by using a calculation processing device;
in step S200, an Instron 1504-type electromagnetic shaker table may be turned on and the shaker table controlled to a frequency of 50Hz to cause the test device to generate a second mixed signal. The second mixed signal can be acquired by using a data acquisition device applying an LMS data acquisition system, wherein the frequency for acquiring the second mixed signal can be set to 2048Hz, and the second mixed signal data is identified by using a calculation processing device;
in step S300, an Instron 1504-type electromagnetic vibration table may be started first, and the vibration frequency of the vibration table is controlled to be 50Hz, and after the vibration is stable, the test device is knocked at the knocking point by a force hammer, so that the test device generates a third mixed signal. Then, the third mixed signal can be acquired by using data acquisition equipment of an LMS data acquisition system, wherein the frequency for acquiring the third mixed signal can be set to 2048Hz, and the third mixed signal data is identified by using calculation processing equipment;
in step S400, a 100Kg electromagnetic excitation vibration table may be turned on, outputting a fixed frequency of 33Hz to the test device, so that the test device generates a fourth mixed signal. Then, the fourth mixed signal can be acquired by using data acquisition equipment of an LMS data acquisition system, wherein the frequency for acquiring the fourth mixed signal can be set to 2048Hz, and the fourth mixed signal data is identified by using calculation processing equipment;
in step S500, a 100Kg electromagnetic excitation vibration table may be turned on, outputting a fixed frequency of 33Hz to the test device. The Instron1504 electromagnetic shaker table can then be turned on and the shaker table controlled to 50Hz to allow the test apparatus to generate a fifth mixed signal. The fourth mixed signal may then be acquired using a data acquisition device employing the LMS data acquisition system, wherein the frequency at which the fourth mixed signal is acquired may be set to 2048Hz, and the fourth mixed signal data is identified using a computing processing device.
It should be noted that, the foregoing steps are described only by a specific embodiment, and in a specific application process, each parameter and the model of the device in the foregoing embodiment may be replaced according to actual needs, which is not limited by the disclosure, and is within the scope of protection of the disclosure.
Other embodiments of the disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosure disclosed herein. This disclosure is intended to cover any adaptations, uses, or adaptations of the disclosure following the general principles of the disclosure and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the disclosure pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the disclosure being indicated by the following claims.
Claims (9)
1. A method of mechanical vibration signal path identification, comprising:
acquiring a mixed signal during the mechanical vibration;
establishing a finite element model of the machine, and calculating the basic vibration frequency of the machine during vibration according to the finite element model and the mixed signal;
performing blind source separation on each source signal in the mixed signal by using a numerical calculation method, and analyzing the contribution value of the vibration component of each source signal in the mixed signal according to the calculation result of the basic vibration frequency during mechanical vibration so as to establish a blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal;
the test device is applied to test and verify the blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal so as to verify the accuracy of the blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal;
wherein the analyzing the contribution value of the vibration component of each source signal in the mixed signal according to the calculation result of the fundamental vibration frequency during the mechanical vibration to establish a blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal comprises:
calculating the vibration frequency of each source signal according to the calculation result of the basic vibration frequency during the mechanical vibration;
acquiring the energy distribution condition of each signal transmission path and the composition proportion of source signals on each signal transmission path;
obtaining a vibration component contribution value of each source signal in the mixed signal according to the vibration frequency of each source signal, the energy distribution condition on each signal transmission path and the composition proportion of the source signals on each signal transmission path;
and acquiring a main source signal in the mechanical vibration signal according to the vibration component contribution value of each source signal in the mixed signal so as to establish a blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the modeling the finite element model of the machine and calculating a fundamental vibration frequency of the machine based on the finite element model and the mixed signal comprises:
meshing the model of the machine by utilizing finite element software to establish a finite element model of the machine;
and inputting the mixed signal into the finite element model, and calculating to obtain the basic vibration frequency of the machine.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein performing blind source separation on each source signal in the mixed signal by using a numerical calculation method comprises:
selecting a denoising function during blind source separation;
performing numerical calculation by using the denoising function so as to eliminate noise signals in the mixed signal;
and separating each source signal in the mixed signal on the basis of removing the noise signal so as to obtain each source signal.
4. A method of mechanical vibration signal path identification according to claim 3, wherein said blind source separation of individual source signals in said mixed signal is performed prior to said selecting a denoising function at the time of blind source separation, further comprising:
obtaining the main component composition of the mixed signal by an empirical mode decomposition method;
adding a signal to the mixed signal to form a new mixed signal.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the applying the test device to test the blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal to verify the accuracy of the blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal comprises:
placing a plurality of sensors on the test device for collecting vibration signals at various positions of the test device;
collecting the mixed signals at all the positions in real time by using a signal acquisition device;
separating the collected mixed signals according to the collected mixed signals by using a blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signals so as to obtain separated source signals;
and analyzing and comparing the separated source signals with the source signals of the test device to verify the accuracy of the blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signals.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein said analyzing and comparing said separated source signal with a source signal of said test device to verify the accuracy of a blind source separation calculation model of said mechanical vibration signal comprises:
setting an accuracy judgment threshold;
analyzing and comparing the separated source signal with the source signal of the test device;
when the similarity of the separated source signals and the source signals of the test device is larger than or equal to the accuracy judgment threshold value, verifying that a blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal is accurate; and when the similarity between the separated source signal and the source signal of the test device is smaller than the accuracy judgment threshold value, verifying that the blind source separation calculation model of the mechanical vibration signal is inaccurate.
7. A test device for mechanical vibration signal path recognition, wherein the test device employs the method for mechanical vibration signal path recognition according to any one of claims 1 to 6, the test device comprising:
knocking a hammer and an electromagnetic vibration table;
the test device is fixed on the electromagnetic vibration table;
the electromagnetic excitation vibration table is connected with the test device;
the sensors are respectively arranged at different positions of the test device;
the data acquisition equipment is connected with the plurality of sensors and used for acquiring mixed signal data;
and the computing processing equipment is connected with the data acquisition equipment and used for acquiring mixed signal data and identifying the mixed signal data.
8. The test device for mechanical vibration signal path identification of claim 7, wherein the test device for mechanical vibration signal path identification further comprises:
the power amplifier is provided with an input end and an output end, the input end is connected with a plurality of sensors, and the output end is connected with the data acquisition equipment.
9. A test method for mechanical vibration signal path recognition, wherein the test method for mechanical vibration signal path recognition is applied to the test apparatus for mechanical vibration signal path recognition according to any one of claims 7 to 8, and the test method comprises:
knocking the test device by using the knocking hammer to enable the test device to generate a first mixed signal, acquiring first mixed signal data by using the data acquisition equipment, and identifying the first mixed signal data by using the calculation processing equipment;
opening the electromagnetic vibration table to enable the test device to generate a second mixed signal, acquiring second mixed signal data by utilizing the data acquisition equipment, and identifying the second mixed signal data by utilizing the computing and processing equipment;
opening the electromagnetic vibration table, knocking the test device by utilizing the knocking hammer so as to enable the test device to generate a third mixed signal, acquiring third mixed signal data by utilizing the data acquisition equipment, and identifying the third mixed signal data by utilizing the computing and processing equipment;
opening the electromagnetic excitation vibration table to enable the test device to generate a fourth mixed signal, acquiring fourth mixed signal data by utilizing the data acquisition equipment, and identifying the fourth mixed signal data by utilizing the computing and processing equipment;
opening the electromagnetic vibration table and the electromagnetic excitation vibration table to enable the test device to generate a fifth mixed signal, acquiring fifth mixed signal data by using the data acquisition equipment, and identifying the fifth mixed signal data by using the calculation processing equipment;
and identifying main source signals of the test device under each condition according to the identification of the first mixed signal data, the second mixed signal data, the third mixed signal data, the fourth mixed signal data and the fifth mixed signal data by the computing processing equipment.
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