CN116813684A - 硒氰基孕烯醇酮酰胺化合物及其应用 - Google Patents
硒氰基孕烯醇酮酰胺化合物及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN116813684A CN116813684A CN202310778786.9A CN202310778786A CN116813684A CN 116813684 A CN116813684 A CN 116813684A CN 202310778786 A CN202310778786 A CN 202310778786A CN 116813684 A CN116813684 A CN 116813684A
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- amide compound
- pregnenolone
- compound
- selenocyanopregnenolone
- cancer cells
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Abstract
本发明涉及药用化合物技术领域,具体公开了一种硒氰基孕烯醇酮酰胺化合物,具有如下结构通式:
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及药用化合物技术领域,尤其涉及一种硒氰基孕烯醇酮酰胺化合物及其应用。
背景技术
癌症的特征是不受控制的细胞增殖,它是危害人类健康的一种主要疾病,也是全世界造成死亡的主要原因之一。攻克恶性肿瘤是现代医学面临的一个难题,也是当今制医药工业的最大挑战之一。目前,各种不同类型的抗肿瘤药物不断出现并在临床上获得应用。但是,在临床上使用的抗肿瘤药物大部分副作用较大,如常规铂类抗癌药物,在临床使用过程中,由于对人体组织造成毒副作用较大及耐药性,从而限制了它们的使用范围。因此,高效、低毒抗癌药物的研发仍然是当前研究的热点,具有非常重要的意义。另一方面,癌症患者的抵抗力和免疫力弱,稍有不慎致病菌就会入侵,从而引起细菌感染,细菌感染是导致癌症患者病情恶化或死亡的主要诱因。细菌感染对于正常人群来说也是一种最为常见的感染性疾病,具有一定的危害,容易造成各脏器功能的损害,对于细菌感染,通常采用抗菌药物包括青霉素类、头孢菌素类、头霉素类等进行治疗,由于持续过渡使用,目前耐药细菌在不断增加,一些致病细菌已经对多种抗菌药物具有耐药性,例如耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)是一种对多种抗菌药物都具有耐药性的细菌,耐万古霉素肠球菌(VRE)对万古霉素具有耐药性,这两种都是严重的医院感染病菌;开发新的高效抗菌化合物作为抗菌药物的备选,对于治疗耐药性致病细菌感染具有重要作用。
甾体化合物是人体生命过程中必不可少且具有显著生理活性的物质,许多甾体化合物具有激素、抗炎或抗肿瘤等生理功能,在维持人体正常生理机能和疾病防治方面发挥着极其重要作用。目前,某些甾体药物在临床上已经被应用于癌症治疗,例如:临床上用于治疗晚期前列腺癌的药物雌莫司汀磷酸钠、用于治疗绝经妇女乳腺癌的药物依西美坦、用于前列腺癌(CRPC)患者治疗的甾体药物醋酸阿比特龙及作为单一疗法用于稳定或多复发性骨髓瘤和前列腺癌治疗的抗癌药物2-甲氧基雌二醇,它们都是通过对甾体分子进行结构改造、修饰而得到。对甾体化合物的改造,并研究其生理活性,是药物化学方面的热点领域。
硒氰基是一类具有良好生理活性的药效团,被引入有机化合物后,它常常使有机化合物具有各种生物交互作用,包括赋予底物特殊的选择性抗肿瘤活性和抗氧化性能。在体外和体内硒氰基药效团都证明了其在预防和治疗各种癌症方面的有效性。这些作用包括DNA结合、基因表达的改变(包括生长因子和促/抗凋亡基因),以及环加氧酶-2(cox-2)活性的改变等。现有文献(庞丽萍,甾体硒化合物的合成及生物活性研究)报道,在盐酸、有机溶剂以及亚硝酸盐存在的条件下,硒氰酸盐与孕烯醇酮在羰基的α位引入硒氰基官能团,得到21-硒氰基孕烯醇酮及17-硒氰基孕烯醇酮及其衍生物,合成工艺简单,但17-硒氰基孕烯醇酮具有较好抑制肿瘤细胞作用,其他大部分化合物体外抑制肿瘤细胞的作用较弱(IC50>100)、抑制效果明显低于现有药物阿比特龙,对某一些细菌具有一定的抑菌作用,但未达到现有的抑菌药物的抑菌效果。进一步整合甾体和硒氰基,进行结构改造,合成新型结构化合物,有利于进一步发现新的抑菌、抗肿瘤等药物,有望进一步提高对细菌的抑菌效果以及对癌细胞增殖的抑制效果。
发明内容
针对以上不足,本发明提供一类新的同时具有抗肿瘤活性和抑菌的硒氰基孕烯醇酮酰胺化合物,具体技术方案如下:
一种硒氰基孕烯醇酮酰胺化合物,具有如下结构通式:
其中,R1为H、CH3或CH2CH3,R为以下结构式1-19中的任一种:
优选的,上述的硒氰基孕烯醇酮酰胺化合物中,所述R1为H、CH3或CH2CH3,R为所述结构式12-19中的任一种。
另一方面,本发明还提供上述的硒氰基孕烯醇酮酰胺化合物在制备抗癌药物中的应用。
优选的,上述的应用中,将所述硒氰基孕烯醇酮酰胺化合物作为活性成分,将其用于制备抗宫颈癌、卵巢癌、肝癌或乳腺癌药物中。
另一方面,本发明还提供上述的硒氰基孕烯醇酮酰胺化合物在制备抗菌药物中的应用。
优选的,上述的应用中,将所述硒氰基孕烯醇酮酰胺化合物用于制备抗耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌或耐万古霉素肠球菌药物中。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:
1.本发明的硒氰基孕烯醇酮酰胺化合物,对人体宫颈癌细胞株、人体乳腺癌细胞株、人体卵巢癌细胞株和人体肝癌细胞株表现出强的抑制活性,大部分化合物对这些肿瘤细胞株的IC50值都低于10μmol/L,在低浓度下可有效抑制癌细胞,相较于对比药物阿比特龙,其对癌细胞的抑制率提高了5-10倍。
2.本发明的硒氰基孕烯醇酮酰胺化合物,在低浓度下可有效杀死耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)和耐万古霉素肠球菌(VRE),其中化合物孕烯醇酮-20-(3'-硒氰基甲基)苯甲酰胺(I13)对MRSA的最低抑菌浓度MIC为2μg/mL,对VRE的最低抑菌浓度MIC为1μg/mL,明显优于对比药物万古霉素和氨苄西林,具有强的抑菌作用。
3.本发明的硒氰基孕烯醇酮酰胺化合物可用于治疗癌症及细菌感染的药物,其含有上述硒氰基孕烯醇酮酰胺化合物以及药学上可接受的辅助剂,该药物可以制成注射剂、片剂、丸剂、胶囊剂、悬浮剂或乳剂的形式使用,其给药途径可为口服,或经皮下、静脉或肌肉注射。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案,以下将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍。显而易见地,下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明应用例2中化合物I13对两种耐药菌抑菌作用图(单位:μg/mL):(a)对MRSA抑菌,最低抑菌浓度MIC为2μg/mL;(b)对VRE抑菌作用,最低抑菌浓度MIC为1μg/mL。
图2为本发明中应用例3中化合物I12对斑马鱼乳腺癌移植瘤肿瘤细胞生长的影响:(a)对斑马鱼体内肿瘤面积生长的影响;(b)对斑马鱼体内肿瘤荧光强度的影响。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明的具体实施方式进行详细描述,但应当理解本发明的保护范围并不受具体实施方式的限制。除非另有定义,下文中所使用的所有专业术语与本领域技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中所使用的专业术语只是为了描述具体实施例的目的,并不是旨在限制本发明的保护范围。除非另有特别说明,本发明中用到的各种原材料、试剂、仪器和设备等均可通过市场购买得到或者可通过现有方法制备得到。
一种硒氰基孕烯醇酮酰胺化合物,所述化合物具有通式(I)的结构:
其中:R1为H、CH3或CH2CH3,R为以下结构式1-19中的任一种:
硒氰基孕烯醇酮酰胺化合物的合成线路为:
其中,X为以下结构中的任一种:
以上合成中,当R1为CH3或CH2CH3,步骤一中采用3-甲氧基孕烯醇酮或3-乙氧基孕烯醇酮替换孕烯醇酮。
硒氰基孕烯醇酮酰胺化合物的制备方法,具体包括以下步骤:
步骤一、称取孕烯醇酮、3-甲氧基孕烯醇酮或3-乙氧基孕烯醇酮于茄形瓶中,加入乙醇使其溶解,在升温过程中加入三水乙酸钠,搅拌10-40min后加入盐酸羟胺,在60-90℃条件下搅拌2-5h,TLC跟踪至无原料点后停止反应。将大部分溶剂减压旋出,用乙酸乙酯萃取后分别用水、饱和NaCl、饱和NaHCO3洗涤,无水Na2SO4干燥。最后将有机相旋出,残余液体柱层析分离得到化合物II;
步骤二、称取化合物II于茄形瓶中,加入乙醇搅拌使其溶解,再分别加入氰基硼氢化钠、五氯化钼和硫酸氢钠室温搅拌2-6h,TLC跟踪至无原料点后停止反应;滤去大部分盐,再减压蒸出溶剂,残渣柱层析分离得到化合物III;
步骤三、称取化合物III于茄形瓶中,加入二氯甲烷搅拌溶解,再加入三乙胺,在0-5℃条件下搅拌10-30min后滴加相应的酰氯,搅拌20-50min后转移至室温继续搅拌2-5h,TLC跟踪至无原料点后停止反应。蒸出溶剂,用乙酸乙酯溶解后分别用水、饱和NaCl洗涤,无水Na2SO4干燥;最后减压除去溶剂,粗产物柱层析分离得到化合物IV;
步骤四、称取化合物IV置于茄形瓶中,加入DMF搅拌溶解,再加入1-3.5当量(按化合物IV摩尔量级)的用蒸馏水溶解的硒氰酸钾溶液,在氩气及避光条件下在50-90℃搅拌反应5-20h,TLC跟踪至无原料点后停止反应。蒸出溶剂,用乙酸乙酯萃取后合并有机层,分别用水、饱和NaCl洗涤,无水Na2SO4干燥。蒸出有机相,粗产物柱层析分离得到目标产物I,即为硒氰基孕烯醇酮酰胺化合物。
实施例1
一种硒氰基孕烯醇酮酰胺化合物,具体为孕烯醇酮-20-(4′-硒氰基)丁酰胺I3,结构为:
一种硒氰基孕烯醇酮酰胺化合物(I3)的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)称取4.0mmol孕烯醇酮于茄形瓶中,加入乙醇30mL搅拌使其溶解,然后加热,在升温过程中加入三水乙酸钠8mmol,搅拌10min后加入盐酸羟胺8mmol,在80℃条件下搅拌4h,薄层色谱法(TLC)跟踪至无原料点停止反应。减压蒸出溶剂,用乙酸乙酯萃取后合并有机层,分别用水、饱和NaCl、饱和NaHCO3洗涤,无水Na2SO4干燥,最后将有机相旋出,残液柱层析分离得到无色油状物1.0g,即化合物II,产率77%。
(2)称取3.0mmol化合物II于茄形瓶中,加入乙醇30mL搅拌溶解,再分别加入NaBH3CN 12.0mmol、MoCl53.0mmol和NaHSO4·H2O 9.0mmol,室温搅拌3h,TLC跟踪至无原料点停止反应。通过柱层析过滤去大部分盐,减压旋出溶剂,固体柱层析分离得到产物III,熔点:189-191℃,产率68.6%。
(3)称取0.60mmol化合物III于茄形瓶中,加入二氯甲烷15mL搅拌使其溶解,再加入三乙胺2.0mmol,在0℃条件下搅拌15min后滴加4-氯丁酰氯0.75mmol,搅拌30min后转移至室温继续搅拌3.5h,TLC跟踪至无原料点停止反应。减压蒸出溶剂,用乙酸乙酯溶解,分别用水、饱和NaCl洗涤,无水Na2SO4干燥。最后减压除去溶剂,粗产物柱层析分离得到目标产物IV3,产率66.6%。
(4)称取0.60mmol化合物IV3置于茄形瓶中,加入DMF 15mL搅拌使其溶解,再加入0.90mmol用1mL的蒸馏水溶解的硒氰酸钾溶液,在氩气及避光下80℃搅拌反应15h,TLC跟踪无原料点停止反应。减压蒸馏蒸出大部分溶剂,乙酸乙酯萃取,合并有机层,有机层分别用水、饱和NaCl洗涤,无水Na2SO4干燥。最后减压蒸出有机相,粗产物柱层析分离得到产物I3,产率72.9%。
以上步骤中去除溶剂为采用旋转蒸发仪减压蒸馏,使液体在较低的温度下蒸馏出来,避免高温条件下有些不稳定的化合物分解,同时可以较好的把溶剂蒸馏出来。
TLC跟踪无原料点停止反应具体为:将搅拌中的混合物用薄层色谱跟踪反应,将反应物用毛细管滴加于薄层板上,晾干后,采用展开剂进行展开,之后将晾干的薄层板置于紫外光下观察,当观察到无原料点的时候反应完成。
以上步骤中柱层析分离为硅胶柱层析分离,步骤(1)中柱层析分离的展开剂为VEA:VPE=1:2,洗脱剂为VEA:VPE=1:3;步骤(2)中柱层析分离的展开剂为VMeOH:VDCM=1:10,洗脱剂为VMeOH:VDCM=1:15;步骤(3)中柱层析分离的展开剂为VEA:VPE=1:1,洗脱剂为VEA:VPE=1:2;步骤(4)中柱层析分离的展开剂为VEA:VPE=1:1,洗脱剂为VEA:VPE=1:3-1:2。
硒氰基孕烯醇酮酰胺化合物I1-I2、I4-I19通过在步骤三中分别使用2-氯乙酰氯、3-氯丙酰氯、5-氯戊酰氯、6-氯己酰氯、7-氯庚酰氯、8-氯辛酰氯、9-氯壬酰氯、10-氯癸酰氯、11-氯代十一酰氯、12-氯代十二酰氯、2-氯甲基苯甲酰氯、3-氯甲基苯甲酰氯、4-氯甲基苯甲酰氯、5-氯甲基吡啶-2-甲酰氯、4-氯甲基吡啶-2-甲酰氯、6-氯甲基吡啶-2-甲酰氯、6-氯甲基吡啶-6-甲酰氯和3-氯甲基喹啉-2-甲酰氯去代替4-氯丁酰氯,化合物IV1-IV2、IV4-IV19,在步骤(4)中分别采用IV1-IV2、IV4-IV19代替化合物IV3,其他步骤和参数同实施例1,制备得到的。
化合物I1-I19的化学产率为,I1:70.9%;I2:74.2%;I3:72.9%;I4:40.4%;I5:65.3%;I6:69.2%;I7:63.1%;I8:66.5%;I9:50.1%;I10:78.8%;I11:72.4%;I12:52.0%;I13:64.5%;I14:61.3%;I15:76.1%;I16:69.9%;I17:65.4%;I18:58.3%;I19:75.8%。
在步骤一中采用3-甲氧基孕烯醇酮或3-乙氧基孕烯醇酮去代替孕烯醇酮作为起始原料,重复步骤一、步骤二、步骤三及步骤四的操作,得到R1为CH3或CH2CH3硒氰基孕烯醇酮酰胺化合物。
本发明的硒氰基孕烯醇酮酰胺化合物I,由于其中氨基是与手性碳相连,因此化合物I是由两个不同比例的差向异构体所组成,其中一些代表性化合物的NMR数据如下所示:20-(2-硒氰基乙酰胺)孕烯醇酮(I1)
化合物I1熔点192-193℃,差向异构体比例为2:1(epim-1:epim-2).
异构体-1:1H NMR(600MHz,Chloroform-d)δ:5.83(d,J=6.0Hz,1H,-NH),5.35(s,1H,C6-H),4.01-3.93(m,1H,C20-H),3.91-3.82(m,2H,1'-CH2-SeCN),3.55-3.50(m,1H,C3-H),2.30(dd,1H,J=9.2,3.6Hz,C7-H),2.23(t,J=8.8,7.6Hz,1H,C4-H),1.12(d,J=4.4Hz,1.94H,21-CH3),1.00(s,3H,19-CH3),0.71(s,1.94H,18-CH3);13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ:164.46(C=O),140.75(5-C),121.46(6-C),101.98(SeCN),71.73,56.16,56.05,50.01,48.45,42.26,42.24,39.60,37.23,36.48,32.07,31.75,31.74,31.61,26.70,23.97,21.22,20.98,19.38,12.39.
异构体-2:1H NMR(600MHz,Chloroform-d)δ:5.91(d,J=6.0Hz,1H,-NH),5.35(s,1H,C6-H),4.01-3.93(m,1H,C20-H),3.91-3.82(m,2H,C24-H),3.55-3.50(m,1H,C3-H),2.30(dd,J=9.2,3.6Hz,1H,C7-H),2.23(t,J=8.8,7.6Hz,1H,C4-H),1.20(d,J=4.4Hz,0.96H,21-CH3),1.00(s,3H,19-CH3),0.74(s,0.96H,18-CH3);13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ:164.82(C=O),140.78(5-C),121.40(6-C),102.01(SeCN),71.73,56.68,56.32,49.98,49.39,42.24,41.96,39.04,37.23,36.48,31.77,31.69,31.61,29.69,26.65,24.05,21.45,20.86,19.38,12.13;HREIMS:m/z465.2019[M+H]+(calcd for C24H37N2O2Se,465.2015).
20-(4-硒氰基丁酰胺)孕烯醇酮(I3)
化合物I3熔点:108-109℃,差向异构体的比例为2:1(epim-1:epim-2).
Epimer-1:1H NMR(600MHz,Chloroform-d)δ:5.44(d,J=9.1Hz,0.71H,-NH),5.35-5.34
(m,1H,C6-H),4.00-3.94(m,1H,C20-H),3.54-3.49(m,1H,C3-H),3.24-3.10(m,2H,4-CH2),2.33(t,J=7.1Hz,2H,3'-CH2),1.08(d,J=6.4Hz,3H,21-CH3),1.00(s,3H,19-CH3),0.70(s,2.04H,18-CH3);13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ:169.55(C=O),140.82(5-C),121.41(6-C),102.02(SeCN),71.69,56.76,56.21,50.05,47.21,42.25,41.85,39.62,37.25,36.49,35.01,31.79,31.75,31.60,29.20,26.79,26.37,24.02,21.54,21.00,19.40,12.39.
Epimer-2:1H NMR(600MHz,Chloroform-d)δ:5.53(d,J=9.1Hz,0.39H,-NH),5.35-5.34
(m,1H,C6-H),4.00-3.94(m,1H,C20-H),3.54-3.49(m,1H,C3-H),3.24-3.10(m,2H,4-CH2),2.33(t,J=7.1Hz,2H,3'-CH2),1.08(d,J=6.4Hz,3H,21-CH3),1.00(s,3H,19-CH3),0.73(s,0.96H,18-CH3);13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ:169.85(C=O),140.82(5-C),121.44(6-C),102.10(SeCN),71.69,56.76,56.50,50.00,47.99,41.85,39.08,37.25,36.49,35.01,31.75,31.70,31.60,29.14,26.69,26.37,24.02,21.74,21.54,20.88,19.39,12.16;HREIMS:m/z 493.2334[M+H]+(calcd for C26H41N2O2Se,493.2328).
20-(5-硒氰基戊酰胺)孕烯醇酮(I4)
化合物I4熔点:83-84℃,差向异构体的比例为2.5:1(epim-1:epim-2).
Epimer-1:1H NMR(600MHz,Chloroform-d)δ:5.34(d,J=5.6Hz,1H,-NH),5.30-5.28(m,
1H,C6-H),4.00-3.94(m,1H,C20-H),3.58-3.46(m,1H,C3-H),3.07(t,J=7.3Hz,2H,4'-CH2),2.31-2.23(m,2H,4-CH2),2.18(t,J=7.3Hz,2H,1'-CH2),1.07(d,J=6.2Hz,2.59H,21-CH3),1.00(s,3H,19-CH3),0.71(s,2.14H,18-CH3);13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ:170.40(C=O),140.81(5-C),121.44(6-C),101.63(SeCN),71.73,56.28,56.25,50.08,47.15,42.26,39.60,37.25,36.50,35.93,31.81,31.76,31.62,30.54,29.15,26.81,24.77,24.03,21.56,21.00,19.39,19.38,12.34.
Epimer-2:1H NMR(600MHz,Chloroform-d)δ:5.34(d,J=5.6Hz,1H,-NH),5.30-5.28(m,
1H,C6-H),4.00-3.94(m,1H,C20-H),3.58-3.46(m,1H,C3-H),3.07(t,J=7.3Hz,2H,4'-CH2),2.31-2.23(m,2H,4-CH2),2.18(t,J=7.3Hz,2H,1'-CH2),1.10(d,J=6.2Hz,0.41H,21-CH3),1.00(s,3H,19-CH3),0.74(s,0.86H,18-CH3);13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ:170.72(C=O),140.81(5-C),121.44(6-C),101.69(SeCN),71.73,56.79,56.28,53.44,50.08,47.87,41.86,39.10,37.25,36.50,35.93,31.81,31.71,31.62,30.41,29.15,26.75,24.96,24.03,21.78,20.88,19.18,12.16;HREIMS:m/z 507.2490[M+H]+(calcd forC27H43N2O2Se,507.2484).
20-(11-硒氰基十一戊酰胺)孕烯醇酮(I10)
化合物I10熔点:97-98℃,此化合物是一个单一化合物。
1H NMR(600MHz,Chloroform-d)δ:5.34(d,J=5.3Hz,1H,-NH),5.22(d,J=9.1Hz,1H,C6-H),3.98-3.93(m,1H,C20-H),3.54-3.49(m,1H,C3-H),3.05(t,J=7.4Hz,2H,10'-CH2),2.12(t,J=6.0Hz,2H,1'-CH2),1.06(d,J=6.5Hz,3H,21-CH3),1.00(s,3H,19-CH3),0.71(s,3H,18-CH3);13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ:171.46(C=O),140.78(5-C),121.49(6-C),101.63(SeCN),71.72,56.36,56.30,50.11,46.97,42.28,42.27,39.52,37.29,37.19,36.50,31.83,31.77,31.64,30.83,29.65,29.35,29.31,29.29,29.27,29.10,28.83,26.86,25.63,24.06,21.61,21.00,19.40,12.29;HREIMS:m/z 591.3428[M+H]+(calcd forC33H55N2O2Se,591.3423).
20-(4-硒氰基甲基苯甲酰胺)孕烯醇酮(I12)
化合物I12熔点:142-143℃,差向异构体的比例为1.5:1(epim-1:epim-2).
Epimer-1:1H NMR(600MHz,Chloroform-d)δ:7.76(d,J=8.1Hz,1.20H,2'and 6'-Ph-H),
7.43(d,J=8.1Hz,1.20H,3'and 5'-Ph-H),6.03(d,J=9.3Hz,1H,-NH),5.34(d,J=3.1Hz,1H,C6-H),4.29(s,1.28H,7'-CH2),4.22-4.18(m,1H,C20-H),3.53-3.49(m,1H,C3-H),1.17(d,J=6.5Hz,3H,21-CH3),0.97(s,1.95H,19-CH3),0.76(s,1.85H,18-CH3);13CNMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ:164.95(C=O),140.81(5-C),138.98(4'-Ph-C),135.08(1'-Ph-C),129.20(3'and 5'-Ph-C),127.62(2'and 6'-Ph-C),121.41(6-C),101.51(SeCN),71.69,56.57,56.26,53.45,50.08,47.59,42.24,39.48,37.25,36.50,36.46,31.94,31.79,31.76,31.60,29.69,26.82,24.06,21.45,21.06,19.37,12.42.
Epimer-2:1H NMR(600MHz,Chloroform-d)δ:7.73(d,J=8.1Hz,0.80H,2'and 6'-Ph-H),7.41(d,J=8.1Hz,0.80H,3'and 5'-Ph-H),6.03(d,J=9.3Hz,1H,-NH),5.34(d,J=3.1Hz,1H,C6-H),4.29(s,0.72H,7'-CH2),4.22-4.18(m,1H,C20-H),3.53-3.49(m,1H,C3-H),1.17(d,J=6.5Hz,3H,21-CH3),1.01(s,1.05H,19-CH3),0.78(s,1.15H,18-CH3);13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ:165.60(C=O),140.81(5-C),138.89(4'-Ph-C),135.47(1'-Ph-C),129.13(3'and 5'-Ph-C),127.65(2'and 6'-Ph-C),121.44(6-C),101.49(SeCN),71.71,56.77,56.26,53.45,50.04,48.47,42.31,41.97,39.10,37.25,36.50,31.82,31.63,29.69,26.73,24.04,21.70,20.89,19.37,12.24;HREIMS:m/z 541.2332[M+H]+(calcd forC30H41N2O2Se,541.2328).
20-(4-硒氰基甲基苯甲酰胺)孕烯醇酮(I13)
化合物I13熔点:154-156℃,差向异构体的比例为2.8:1(epim-1:epim-2).
Epimer-1:1H NMR(600MHz,Chloroform-d)δ:7.72(s,0.78H,2'-Ph-H),7.60(d,J=7.7Hz,1H,6'-Ph-H),7.43(d,J=7.8Hz,1H,4'-Ph-H),7.37(t,J=7.8Hz,1H,5'-Ph-H),6.01(d,J=9.2Hz,1H,-NH),5.36-5.24(m,1H,C6-H),4.24(s,1.49H,7'-CH2),4.17-4.09(m,1H,C20-H),3.46-3.41(m,1H,C3-H),1.11(d,J=6.4Hz,3H,21-CH3),0.90(s,2.28H,19-CH3),0.69(s,2.28H,18-CH3);13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ:164.00(C=O),139.79(5-C),135.33(3'-Ph-C),134.79(1'-Ph-C),130.62(4'-Ph-C),128.41(2'-Ph-C),126.75(5'-Ph-C),125.66(6'-Ph-C),120.40(6-C),100.78(SeCN),70.67,55.48,55.21,49.03,46.58,41.22,38.39,36.23,35.45,31.15,30.78,30.75,30.57,28.67,25.78,23.04,20.43,20.03,18.35,11.42.
Epimer-2:1H NMR(600MHz,Chloroform-d)δ:7.66(s,0.22H,2'-Ph-H),7.60(d,J=7.7Hz,1H,6'-Ph-H),7.43(d,J=7.8Hz,1H,4'-Ph-H),7.37(t,J=7.8Hz,1H,5'-Ph-H),6.01(d,J=9.2Hz,1H,-NH),5.36-5.24(m,1H,C6-H),4.22(s,0.51H,7'-CH2),4.17-4.09(m,1H,C20-H),3.46-3.41(m,1H,C3-H),1.11(d,J=6.4Hz,3H,21-CH3),0.94(s,0.72H,19-CH3),0.71(s,0.72H,18-CH3);13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ:164.69(C=O),139.79(5-C),135.22(3'-Ph-C),135.20(1'-Ph-C),130.51(4'-Ph-C),128.38(2'-Ph-C),126.57(5'-Ph-C),125.94(6'-Ph-C),120.40(6-C),100.90(SeCN),70.67,55.75,55.66,49.01,47.56,40.95,38.08,36.23,35.48,31.11,30.78,30.69,30.57,28.67,25.78,23.04,20.65,19.88,18.35,11.23;HREIMS:m/z 541.2333[M+H]+(calcd for C30H41N2O2Se,541.2328).
应用例1硒氰基孕烯醇酮酰胺化合物体外抑制肿瘤细胞增殖活性
采用MTT方法测试本发明的硒氰基孕烯醇酮酰胺化合物对肿瘤细胞抑制增殖活性,对人宫颈癌细胞株(HeLa),人体卵巢癌细胞株(SK-OV-3),人体肝癌细胞株(HepG-2)和人体乳腺癌细胞株(MCF-7,T47D)的细胞毒性。在96孔板培养的对数生长期细胞中加入不同浓度的硒氰基孕烯醇酮酰胺化合物,同时进行3个平行试验,与对照组进行比较。培养72h后,加入MTT,测定其吸光度,分别计算抑制肿瘤细胞生长增殖到50%时化合物的浓度,以IC50值表示,结果如表1所示。
由表1可知,本发明的硒氰基孕烯醇酮酰胺化合物对人体宫颈癌细胞、人体卵巢癌细胞、人体肝癌细胞、和人体乳腺癌细胞IC50值基本都小于10μM,显著地优于类似的甾体抗肿瘤药物盐酸阿比特龙。此外,除了对乳腺癌细胞MCF-7外,本发明的硒氰基孕烯醇酮酰胺化合物对其它肿瘤细胞的抑制活性也明显地优于类似的甾体抗肿瘤药物2-甲氧基雌二醇(2-methoxyestradiol)。如编号为I3的化合物对人宫颈癌细胞株(HeLa)的抑制IC50值为3.67μM,对人体卵巢癌细胞株(SK-OV-3)的抑制IC50值为5.39μM,对肝癌细胞株(HEPG2)的抑制IC50值为12.7μM,对人体乳腺癌细胞株(MCF-7,T47D)的细胞毒性分别是5.97和5.71μM。与对照甾体抗肿瘤药物2-甲氧基雌二醇相比,2-甲氧基雌二醇对人体宫颈癌细胞株(HeLa)的抑制IC50值为8.6μM,对人体卵巢癌细胞株(SK-OV-3)的抑制IC50值为16.5μM,对肝癌细胞株(HEPG2)的抑制IC50值为13.8μM,对人体乳腺癌细胞株(MCF-7,T47D)的细胞毒性分别是>70和2.3μM。以上结果说明本发明的硒氰基孕烯醇酮酰胺化合物对肿瘤细胞株具有非常明显的生长增殖抑制作用。
表1硒氰基孕烯醇酮酰胺化合物体外抑制肿瘤细胞生长增殖活性(IC50,μmol/L)
应用例2硒氰基孕烯醇酮酰胺化合物体外抑制耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌和耐万古霉素肠球菌
采用本发明硒氰基孕烯醇酮酰胺化合物对耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)和耐万古霉素肠球菌(VRE)进行抑制活性试验测试,测试结果以最低抑菌浓度(MIC,μg/mL)表示。具体为:采用肉汤稀释法测定化合物的MIC,并以此作为指标来评价化合物的抑菌活性。将硒氰基孕烯醇酮酰胺化合物溶解在DMSO溶液中制成10mg/mL的化合物母液备用。在96孔板中加1.28μL化合物母液(重复6组),后加入98.72μL TSB培养基,用二倍稀释法进行多次稀释,得到不同浓度化合物溶液50μL。再于所有孔中加入50μL 2×105CFU/mL细菌溶液,使细菌的终浓度为1×105CFU/mL,化合物的终浓度为1-64μg/mL。96孔板在最外围所有孔中加入少量无菌水后于37℃下孵育18h,得到澄清溶液孔所对应的最低浓度为MIC。硒氰基孕烯醇酮酰胺化合物对耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)和耐万古霉素肠球菌(VRE)的最低抑菌浓度见表2所示。其中化合物I13对两种耐药菌的MIC见图1所示。
从表2中数据可以看到,本发明的硒氰基孕烯醇酮酰胺化合物对耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)和耐万古霉素肠球菌(VRE)具有显著的生长抑制作用,特别是化合物I12、I13和I14,它们对此两种耐药性细菌的最低抑菌浓度明显地优于阳性对照万古霉素和氨苄西林。而且,这些化合物对两种耐药菌都同时具有显著的生长抑制影响。由图1可知,化合物I13对两种耐药菌都具有非常显著的生长抑制作用,优于阳性对照万古霉素和氨苄西林。综上可以看出,本发明的硒氰基孕烯醇酮酰胺化合物对耐药菌具有强的生长抑制作用,能够作为抗菌药物的备选。
表2硒氰基孕烯醇酮酰胺化合物抑制MRSA和VRE的最低抑菌浓度(MIC,μg/mL)
应用例3硒氰基孕烯醇酮酰胺化合物体内对斑马鱼体内乳腺癌细胞移植瘤的生长抑制
采用本发明所述的部分硒氰基孕烯醇酮酰胺化合物对斑马鱼体内乳腺癌(MCF-7)细胞移植瘤的生长抑制影响进行测试,以硒氰基孕烯醇酮酰胺化合物I12为例。
细胞染色:将乳腺癌(MCF-7)细胞培养在T75细胞瓶中,待细胞长满后用PBS洗涤细胞3次,加入红色荧光染料CM-DiI(Hanks稀释)染色,37℃孵育3min,4℃冰箱孵育15min。
乳腺癌细胞移植:将收集的乳腺癌细胞悬液置于无血清的细胞培养基中,冰上备用。以显微注射的方式将乳腺癌细胞移植到2dpf野生型AB斑马鱼卵黄囊中部,每尾注射500~800个细胞,建立乳腺癌细胞斑马鱼移植瘤模型。造模成功后将斑马鱼置于28℃幼鱼培养箱恢复1h后置于三气培养箱继续培养。
实验分组:移植MCF-7细胞20h后,挑选细胞荧光一致的斑马鱼,将其分为两个组:溶剂对照组和化合物I12给药组,每组10尾,共20尾。其中,给予溶剂对照组的斑马鱼幼鱼每尾注射10nL 1%DMSO水溶液,给予化合物I12给药组的幼鱼每尾注射10nL浓度为5.8μM的化合物I12溶液,化合物I12溶液的配制为:先用DMSO将化合物I12溶解,然后再采用去离子水稀释到5.8μM,其中DMSO含量为1%。
化合物I12对斑马鱼移植瘤生长的影响:将乳腺癌细胞移植到野生型AB斑马鱼幼鱼24h、72h后以体视荧光显微镜对斑马鱼卵黄囊部位进行观测和拍照,统计斑马鱼卵黄囊内红色荧光标记的肿瘤细胞荧光强度和肿瘤细胞面积。应用Image J软件分析和统计斑马鱼幼鱼卵黄囊内肿瘤细胞荧光强度和肿瘤细胞面积。比较溶剂对照组和化合物I12给药组有无显著性差异,以评价化合物I12对斑马鱼乳腺癌移植瘤肿瘤细胞生长的影响。
化合物I12对斑马鱼乳腺癌移植瘤肿瘤细胞生长的影响见图2所示,图2中肿瘤面积增长倍数和肿瘤细胞荧光强度增长倍数是指图中5dpf对应的肿瘤面积和荧光强度相较于3dpf对应肿瘤面积和荧光强度的增长倍数。由图可知,化合物I12组肿瘤面积增长倍数和肿瘤细胞荧光强度增长倍数极显著低于溶剂对照组Vehicle(p<0.001),表明化合物I12对人乳腺癌细胞(MCF-7)斑马鱼移植瘤生长有抑制作用。
前述对本发明的具体示例性实施方案的描述是为了说明和例证的目的。这些描述并非想将本发明限定为所公开的精确形式,并且很显然,根据上述教导,可以进行很多改变和变化。对示例性实施例进行选择和描述的目的在于解释本发明的特定原理及其实际应用,从而使得本领域的技术人员能够实现并利用本发明的各种不同的示例性实施方案以及各种不同的选择和改变。本发明的范围意在由权利要求书及其等同形式所限定。
Claims (6)
1.一种硒氰基孕烯醇酮酰胺化合物,其特征在于,具有如下结构通式:
其中,R1为H、CH3或 CH2CH3,R为以下结构式1-19中的任一种:
。
2. 根据权利要求1所述的硒氰基孕烯醇酮酰胺化合物,其特征在于,所述R1为H、CH3或CH2CH3,R为所述结构式12-19中的任一种。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的硒氰基孕烯醇酮酰胺化合物在制备抗癌药物中的应用。
4.根据权利要求3所述的应用,其特征在于,将所述硒氰基孕烯醇酮酰胺化合物作为活性成分,将其用于制备抗宫颈癌、卵巢癌、肝癌或乳腺癌药物中。
5.如权利要求1或2所述的硒氰基孕烯醇酮酰胺化合物在制备抗菌药物中的应用。
6.根据权利要求5所述的应用,其特征在于,将所述硒氰基孕烯醇酮酰胺化合物用于制备抗耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌或耐万古霉素肠球菌药物中。
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