CN116789473A - Agricultural fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Agricultural fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 210000003746 feather Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 240000006439 Aspergillus oryzae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 241000193388 Bacillus thuringiensis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 235000002247 Aspergillus oryzae Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229940097012 bacillus thuringiensis Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 241000194107 Bacillus megaterium Species 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
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- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
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- 235000007201 Saccharum officinarum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
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- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 241000187747 Streptomyces Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000194108 Bacillus licheniformis Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 244000098338 Triticum aestivum Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 description 2
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001530056 Athelia rolfsii Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000504943 Bacillus megaterium NBRC 15308 = ATCC 14581 Species 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000276331 Citrus maxima Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000001759 Citrus maxima Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000008892 Cnaphalocrocis patnalis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000221785 Erysiphales Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001466042 Fulgoromorpha Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000017020 Ipomoea batatas Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002678 Ipomoea batatas Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 206010027146 Melanoderma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000243785 Meloidogyne javanica Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 206010039509 Scab Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000082085 Verticillium <Phyllachorales> Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- KMQAPZBMEMMKSS-UHFFFAOYSA-K calcium;magnesium;phosphate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O KMQAPZBMEMMKSS-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000388 diammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019838 diammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F1/00—Fertilisers made from animal corpses, or parts thereof
- C05F1/005—Fertilisers made from animal corpses, or parts thereof from meat-wastes or from other wastes of animal origin, e.g. skins, hair, hoofs, feathers, blood
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of agricultural science and technology, and in particular relates to an agricultural fertilizer and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the agricultural fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35-60 parts of straw, 20-35 parts of chicken manure, 5-10 parts of chicken feather and 12-20 parts of compound fermentation bacteria; the composite fermentation bacteria comprise bacillus megaterium, bacillus thuringiensis and aspergillus oryzae. The preparation method of the agricultural fertilizer is simple, raw materials are easy to obtain, and the agricultural garbage is utilized, so that the environmental pollution can be reduced; the agricultural fertilizer has strong universal adaptability to crops, can obviously increase the yield of the crops, obviously shorten the germination starting time and obviously reduce the occurrence rate of plant diseases and insect pests of the crops, and has great advantages in preventing and controlling the plant diseases and insect pests of the crops and improving the yield of the crops.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of agricultural science and technology, and particularly relates to an agricultural fertilizer and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Organic fertilizers are also called farmyard manure, and organic substances (compounds containing carbon elements) are all called organic fertilizers, including human manure, stable manure, compost, green manure, cake fertilizer, biogas fertilizer and the like. The organic fertilizer contains a plurality of nutrient elements in an organic state, is difficult to directly utilize by crops, needs to slowly release a plurality of nutrient elements under the action of microorganisms, and continuously supplies the nutrients to the crops. The agricultural fertilizer after the action of microorganisms has the capabilities of improving soil, improving soil hardening caused by using chemical fertilizers, improving physical and chemical properties of the soil, and enhancing water retention, fertilizer retention and fertilizer supply of the soil. The agricultural fertilizer can reduce environmental pollution, is safe and nontoxic to human, livestock and environment, and is an environment-friendly fertilizer.
The current utilization rate of the straws is not high, and in the preparation of the organic fertilizer, the straws can be used to realize the recycling utilization of wastes. Chinese patent CN112851413A discloses an agricultural fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, and soybean straw and rice straw are used, wherein the specific raw materials comprise 40-50 parts of soybean straw, 30-40 parts of rice straw, 20-30 parts of pea pod, 15-20 parts of pond sludge, 10-20 parts of rice bran, 10-15 parts of sweet potato vines, 8-10 parts of shaddock peel, 20-30 parts of plant ash, 20-30 parts of cow dung, 15-25 parts of urea, 3-5 parts of composite starter, 5-10 parts of oil tea cakes, 3-8 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 3-5 parts of humic acid and 0.5-1 part of soil improvement functional flora. The fertilizer has good uniformity and strong stability, and can improve soil. On the other hand, the intensive chicken breeding industry is continuously developed, the modern large-scale breeding is carried out, and the production rate is improved, and meanwhile, the problem that a large amount of chicken manure and chicken feather are difficult to treat is also brought. And chicken feather can produce a large amount of agricultural wastes, so that the livestock and poultry manure is seriously polluted, and the treatment labor is large and the cost is high. The preparation of the agricultural fertilizer can fully utilize the livestock manure and the chicken feather, and can solve the problem of agricultural wastes and improve the environment while improving the efficacy of the organic fertilizer. Chinese patent CN107089889a discloses an agricultural fertilizer material, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of soybean straw, 12 parts of wheat straw, 25 parts of chicken manure, 8 parts of humus soil, 12 parts of peat, 5 parts of diammonium hydrogen phosphate, 15 parts of bean cake and 3 parts of boric acid.
However, in use, the organic matters in various organic fertilizers are greatly different, so that the general adaptability to crops is insufficient, and the existing agricultural fertilizer has the problems of low fertilizer efficiency, incapability of effectively treating the damage of crop pests and the like. There is a need for an agricultural fertilizer that can meet most crops, promote crop growth and yield improvement, and effectively inhibit bacteria and kill insects.
Disclosure of Invention
As used herein, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" include the singular and plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. The recitation of numerical ranges by endpoints includes all numbers and fractions subsumed within that corresponding range, and the endpoints recited.
Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the invention provides an agricultural fertilizer and a preparation method and application thereof, and the organic fertilizer can inhibit and kill insects and improve fertilizer efficiency through the synergistic effect of straw, chicken manure, chicken feather and composite fermentation bacteria, thereby effectively improving crop yield and promoting the growth and development of crops.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the invention provides an agricultural fertilizer which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35-60 parts of straw, 20-35 parts of chicken manure, 5-10 parts of chicken feather and 12-20 parts of compound fermentation bacteria; the composite fermentation bacteria comprise bacillus megaterium, bacillus thuringiensis and aspergillus oryzae.
Preferably, the straw comprises at least one of soybean straw, wheat straw, rape straw, sugarcane straw, rice straw, corn straw and cotton straw.
Preferably, the mass ratio of bacillus megaterium to bacillus thuringiensis to aspergillus oryzae is 1:2-5:1.
preferably, the mass ratio of the chicken manure to the composite zymophyte is 4-5:2-3.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the agricultural fertilizer, which comprises the following steps:
s1, crushing straws and chicken feather, and sieving to obtain a mixture 1;
s2, adding chicken manure into the mixture 1, adding water for soaking, adjusting pH, and stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture 2;
s3, adding composite zymophyte into the mixture 2 to obtain a mixture, adding water for dilution, and then stirring, fermenting and removing impurities to obtain the agricultural fertilizer.
Preferably, the size of the screen in step S1 is 50-90 mesh.
Preferably, the pH in step S2 is from 6.3 to 7.5; the mass ratio of the chicken manure to the water in the step S2 is 1:1.5-2.5.
Further preferably, the pH in step S2 is 6.8; the mass ratio of the chicken manure to the water in the step S2 is 1:1.5.
preferably, the fermentation of step S3 comprises two stages: the fermentation temperature in the first stage is 20-30 ℃, the fermentation humidity is 20-30%, the fermentation time is 5-10 days, and the stack is turned once every day; the second stage has fermentation temperature of 25-32deg.C, fermentation humidity of 10-15%, fermentation time of 10-15 days, and turning every two days.
Preferably, in step S3, the mass ratio of the mixture to water is 1:1.2-1.5.
The invention also provides an application of the agricultural fertilizer or the agricultural fertilizer prepared by the preparation method in improving crop yield, inhibiting bacteria and killing insects or promoting crop growth and development.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the preparation method of the agricultural fertilizer is simple, raw materials are easy to obtain, agricultural garbage is utilized, and environmental pollution can be reduced; the agricultural fertilizer has strong universal adaptability to crops, can obviously increase the yield of the crops, obviously shorten the germination starting time and obviously reduce the occurrence rate of plant diseases and insect pests of the crops, and has great advantages in preventing and controlling the plant diseases and insect pests of the crops and improving the yield of the crops.
Detailed Description
The following description of the present invention is provided by way of specific examples to facilitate understanding and grasping of the technical solution of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and the described examples are only some, but not all, examples of the present invention.
The endpoints and any values of the ranges disclosed herein are not limited to the precise range or value, and are understood to encompass values approaching those ranges or values. For numerical ranges, one or more new numerical ranges may be found between the endpoints of each range, between the endpoint of each range and the individual point value, and between the individual point value, in combination with each other, and are to be considered as specifically disclosed herein.
All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the invention. The experimental methods described in the following examples are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the reagents and materials, unless otherwise specified, are commercially available.
TABLE 1 Strain information
| Bacterial strain | Strain numbering | Bacteria content (CFU/g) |
| Bacillus megaterium | Bacillus megaterium ATCC14581 | 2.1×10 10 |
| Bacillus thuringiensis | Bacillus thuringiensis ATCC10792 | 1.5×10 10 |
| Aspergillus oryzae | Aspergillus oryzae ACCC303163 | 2.0×10 10 |
| Bacillus licheniformis | Bacillus licheniformis ACCC11091 | 2.1×10 10 |
| Streptomyces jing | Streptomyces jing ACCC40126 | 2.0×10 10 |
Example 1 agricultural Fertilizer
An agricultural fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 parts of straw, 25 parts of chicken manure, 10 parts of chicken feather and 15 parts of composite fermentation bacteria. Wherein, the composite zymocyte comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 3:1, bacillus thuringiensis and aspergillus oryzae.
The preparation method of the agricultural fertilizer specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, crushing straws and chicken feather with the formula dosage, and sieving the crushed straws and chicken feather with a 80-mesh sieve to obtain a mixture;
s2, adding chicken manure with the formula dosage into the mixture, and soaking the mixture in water, wherein the mass ratio of the chicken manure to the water is 1:1.5, adjusting the pH to 6.8, and stirring and mixing uniformly;
s3, adding compound zymophyte with the formula dosage into the solution uniformly mixed in the step S2 to obtain a mixture, and adding water for dilution, wherein the mass ratio of the mixture to the water is 1:1.3, followed by stirring and fermentation, wherein the fermentation comprises two stages: the fermentation temperature in the first stage is 20 ℃, the fermentation humidity is 30%, the fermentation time is 5 days, and the stack is turned once every day; the second stage has a fermentation temperature of 30deg.C, a fermentation humidity of 15%, and a fermentation time of 15 days, and is carried out every two days. And screening and removing impurities from the fermented materials to obtain the agricultural fertilizer.
Example 2 agricultural Fertilizer
An agricultural fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of straw, 35 parts of chicken manure, 5 parts of chicken feather and 20 parts of composite zymophyte. Wherein, the composite zymocyte comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 5:1, bacillus thuringiensis and aspergillus oryzae.
The preparation method of the agricultural fertilizer specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, crushing straws and chicken feather with the formula dosage, and sieving the crushed straws and chicken feather with a 90-mesh sieve to obtain a mixture;
s2, adding chicken manure with the formula dosage into the mixture, and soaking the mixture in water, wherein the mass ratio of the chicken manure to the water is 1:2, adjusting the pH to 6.3, and stirring and uniformly mixing;
s3, adding compound zymophyte with the formula dosage into the solution uniformly mixed in the step S2 to obtain a mixture, and adding water for dilution, wherein the mass ratio of the mixture to the water is 1:1.2, followed by stirring and fermentation, wherein the fermentation comprises two stages: the fermentation temperature in the first stage is 25 ℃, the fermentation humidity is 20%, the fermentation time is 10 days, and the stack is turned once every day; the second stage has a fermentation temperature of 32deg.C, a fermentation humidity of 10%, and a fermentation time of 10 days, and is carried out every two days. And screening and removing impurities from the fermented materials to obtain the agricultural fertilizer.
Example 3 agricultural Fertilizer
An agricultural fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of straw, 20 parts of chicken manure, 7 parts of chicken feather and 12 parts of composite zymophyte. Wherein, the composite zymocyte comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 2:1, bacillus thuringiensis and aspergillus oryzae.
The preparation method of the agricultural fertilizer specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, crushing straws and chicken feather with the formula dosage, and sieving the crushed straws and chicken feather with a 50-mesh sieve to obtain a mixture;
s2, adding chicken manure with the formula dosage into the mixture, and soaking the mixture in water, wherein the mass ratio of the chicken manure to the water is 1:2.5, adjusting the pH to 7.5, and stirring and mixing uniformly;
s3, adding compound zymophyte with the formula dosage into the solution uniformly mixed in the step S2 to obtain a mixture, and adding water for dilution, wherein the mass ratio of the mixture to the water is 1:1.5, followed by stirring and fermentation, wherein the fermentation comprises two stages: the fermentation temperature in the first stage is 30 ℃, the fermentation humidity is 25%, the fermentation time is 7 days, and the stack is turned once every day; the second stage has a fermentation temperature of 25deg.C, a fermentation humidity of 12%, and a fermentation time of 12 days, and is carried out every two days. And screening and removing impurities from the fermented materials to obtain the agricultural fertilizer.
Comparative example 1 agricultural fertilizer
Compared with example 1, the only difference is that: an agricultural fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of straw, 40 parts of chicken manure, 5 parts of chicken feather and 15 parts of composite zymophyte. Wherein, the composite zymocyte comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 3:1, bacillus thuringiensis and aspergillus oryzae.
The agricultural fertilizer was prepared in the same manner as in example 1.
Comparative example 2 agricultural fertilizer
Compared with example 1, the only difference is that: an agricultural fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 parts of straw, 25 parts of chicken manure, 10 parts of chicken feather and 15 parts of composite fermentation bacteria. Wherein, the bacillus megatherium in the composite zymocyte is replaced by bacillus licheniformis and the aspergillus oryzae is replaced by streptomyces jingyangensis, and the composite zymocyte comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 3:1, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus thuringiensis and Streptomyces jingyanensis.
The agricultural fertilizer was prepared in the same manner as in example 1.
Comparative example 3 agricultural Fertilizer
Compared with example 1, the only difference is that: an agricultural fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 parts of straw, 25 parts of chicken manure, 10 parts of chicken feather and 15 parts of composite fermentation bacteria. Wherein, the composite zymocyte comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 3:3, bacillus megaterium, bacillus thuringiensis, and Aspergillus oryzae.
The agricultural fertilizer was prepared in the same manner as in example 1.
Comparative example 4 agricultural Fertilizer
An agricultural fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 parts of straw, 25 parts of chicken manure, 10 parts of chicken feather and 15 parts of composite fermentation bacteria. Wherein, the composite zymocyte comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 3:1, bacillus thuringiensis and aspergillus oryzae.
The preparation method of the agricultural fertilizer specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, crushing straws and chicken feather with the formula dosage, and sieving the crushed straws and chicken feather with a 80-mesh sieve to obtain a mixture;
s2, adding chicken manure with the formula dosage into the mixture, and soaking the mixture in water, wherein the mass ratio of the chicken manure to the water is 2:1.5, adjusting the pH to 7.0, and stirring and mixing uniformly;
s3, adding compound zymophyte with the formula dosage into the solution uniformly mixed in the step S2 to obtain a mixture, and adding water for dilution, wherein the mass ratio of the mixture to the water is 1:3, followed by stirring and fermentation, wherein the fermentation comprises two stages: the fermentation temperature in the first stage is 35 ℃, the fermentation humidity is 30%, the fermentation time is 5 days, and the stack is turned once every day; the second stage has fermentation temperature of 37deg.C, fermentation humidity of 15%, and fermentation time of 15 days, and turning every two days. And screening and removing impurities from the fermented materials to obtain the agricultural fertilizer.
Comparative example 5 agricultural fertilizer
An agricultural fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 parts of straw, 25 parts of chicken manure, 10 parts of chicken feather and 15 parts of composite fermentation bacteria. Wherein, the composite zymocyte comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 3:1, bacillus thuringiensis and aspergillus oryzae.
The preparation method of the agricultural fertilizer specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, crushing straws and chicken feather with the formula dosage, and sieving the crushed straws and chicken feather with a 80-mesh sieve to obtain a mixture;
s2, adding chicken manure with the formula dosage into the mixture, and soaking the mixture in water, wherein the mass ratio of the chicken manure to the water is 1:1.5, adjusting the pH to 6.8, and stirring and mixing uniformly;
s3, adding compound zymophyte with the formula dosage into the solution uniformly mixed in the step S2 to obtain a mixture, and adding water for dilution, wherein the mass ratio of the mixture to the water is 1:1.3, stirring and fermenting, wherein the fermentation temperature is 30 ℃, the fermentation humidity is 30%, the fermentation time is 20 days, the stack is turned once every day, and then the fermented materials are screened to remove impurities, so that the agricultural fertilizer is obtained.
Effect example 1 tomato quality study
The agricultural fertilizers prepared in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-5 were applied to tomato planting sites planted in the same batch, and the specific operations were: under the conditions of the same tomato variety, geological conditions and field management measures, 9 groups of tomato test fields are averagely arranged, namely blank control groups, test groups 1-3 and control groups 1-5, and the corresponding conditions are that no fertilizer is applied, the agricultural fertilizer prepared in the examples 1-3 is applied, and the agricultural fertilizer prepared in the comparative examples 1-5 is applied. The method comprises the steps of respectively scattering corresponding agricultural fertilizers in corresponding test fields in a tomato planting period, wherein the fertilizing amount is 150 kg/mu, respectively scattering diluted corresponding agricultural fertilizers in a tomato flowering period, a tomato fruiting period and a tomato swelling period, and adding water for dilution, wherein the ratio of the agricultural fertilizers to the water is 1: and 4, applying 20 kg/mu of agricultural fertilizer corresponding to each of the flowering period, fruiting period and swelling period of the tomatoes. Other plants were treated according to local habits. Each group was provided with 5 replicates, each replicate was provided with 3 ridges of tomatoes, 30 plants per ridge.
The planting process of tomatoes respectively counts the occurrence rate of diseases and insect pests of early blight, late blight, scab, bacterial wilt, powdery mildew, verticillium wilt, anthracnose, black spot and root-knot nematode disease of each group of tomatoes, and counts the germination starting time, the germination rate of the germination day and the yield after harvest. Wherein the occurrence rate of insect disease (%) = (number of diseased plants/total number of plants) ×100%; germination percentage on the day of starting germination= (number of germinated plants on the day of starting germination/total number of plants) = 100%. The results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 tomato quality study results
Note that: a represents P <0.05 compared to the blank; b represents P <0.05 compared to any of control groups 1-5.
Effect example 2 study of Rice quality
The agricultural fertilizers prepared in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-5 were applied to the same batch of planted paddy rice plants, and the specific operations were: under the conditions of the same rice variety, geological conditions and field management measures, 9 groups of rice test fields are averagely arranged, namely blank control groups, test groups 1-3 and control groups 1-5, and the corresponding agricultural fertilizer prepared in the embodiment 1-3 and the agricultural fertilizer prepared in the comparative embodiment 1-5 are applied. The method comprises the steps of respectively scattering corresponding agricultural fertilizers in corresponding test fields before harrowing, wherein the fertilizing amount is 200 kg/mu, and topdressing is carried out after the corresponding agricultural fertilizers diluted by water are scattered in the tillering stage of rice, wherein the proportion of the agricultural fertilizers to the water is 1:4, the application amount is 30 kg/mu. Other plants were treated according to local habits. Each group was set with 5 replicates of 50m each 2 The cells are separated by ridges, and are covered by plastic agricultural films, so that each cell is ensured to drain and irrigate independently.
The planting process of the rice respectively counts the incidence of diseases and insect pests of each group of rice, namely She Daowen, rice borer, banded sclerotial blight, rice planthoppers, rice leaf rollers, bakanae disease and red blight, and counts the setting rate and the yield after harvest. Wherein the occurrence rate of insect disease (%) = (number of diseased plants/total number of plants) ×100%; rice setting rate (%) = (number of solid grains per ear/total number of grains per ear) ×100%. The results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 results of Rice quality study
| Group of | Pest incidence/% | Set rate/% | Yield (kg/mu) |
| Blank control group | 45.6±7.0 | 80.2±7.7 | 536.2 |
| Experiment group 1 | 8.4±1.4 ab | 92.4±9.3 ab | 647.5 |
| Experiment group 2 | 9.1±2.1 ab | 91.1±9.0 ab | 640.2 |
| Experiment group 3 | 8.8±1.7 ab | 91.8±9.1 ab | 642.8 |
| Control group 1 | 27.6±3.2 a | 82.4±8.4 | 601.7 |
| Control group 2 | 32.5±3.9 a | 80.9±8.7 | 594.6 |
| Control group 3 | 29.4±3.5 a | 82.8±8.3 | 612.1 |
| Control group 4 | 33.1±3.6 a | 81.5±8.1 | 592.3 |
| Control group 5 | 34.5±3.7 a | 80.6±8.6 | 572.6 |
Note that: a represents P <0.05 compared to the blank; b represents P <0.05 compared to any of control groups 1-5.
According to the results shown in tables 2 and 3, compared with the blank control group and the control groups 1-5, the agricultural fertilizer prepared in the embodiments 1-3 can remarkably increase the yield of crops, remarkably shorten the germination starting time, remarkably reduce the occurrence rate of plant diseases and insect pests, and has great advantages in preventing and controlling the plant diseases and insect pests of the crops and improving the yield of the crops.
Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the scope of the present invention, and that the simple modification and equivalent substitution of the technical solution of the present invention can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. An agricultural fertilizer, characterized in that: the material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35-60 parts of straw, 20-35 parts of chicken manure, 5-10 parts of chicken feather and 12-20 parts of compound fermentation bacteria; the composite fermentation bacteria comprise bacillus megaterium, bacillus thuringiensis and aspergillus oryzae.
2. The agricultural fertilizer of claim 1, wherein: the straw comprises at least one of soybean straw, wheat straw, rape straw, sugarcane straw, rice straw, corn straw and cotton straw.
3. The agricultural fertilizer of claim 1, wherein: the mass ratio of the bacillus megaterium to the bacillus thuringiensis to the aspergillus oryzae is 1:2-5:1.
4. the agricultural fertilizer of claim 1, wherein: the mass ratio of the chicken manure to the composite zymophyte is 4-5:2-3.
5. A method for preparing an agricultural fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, crushing straws and chicken feather, and sieving to obtain a mixture 1;
s2, adding chicken manure into the mixture 1, adding water for soaking, adjusting pH, and stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture 2;
s3, adding composite zymophyte into the mixture 2 to obtain a mixture, adding water for dilution, and then stirring, fermenting and removing impurities to obtain the agricultural fertilizer.
6. The method of manufacturing according to claim 5, wherein: the pH value in the step S2 is 6.3-7.5; the mass ratio of the chicken manure to the water in the step S2 is 1:1.5-2.5.
7. The method of manufacturing according to claim 5, wherein: the fermentation in step S3 comprises two stages: the fermentation temperature in the first stage is 20-30 ℃, the fermentation humidity is 20-30%, the fermentation time is 5-10 days, and the stack is turned once every day; the second stage has fermentation temperature of 25-32deg.C, fermentation humidity of 10-15%, fermentation time of 10-15 days, and turning every two days.
8. The method of manufacturing according to claim 5, wherein: the mass ratio of the mixture to the water in the step S3 is 1:1.2-1.5.
9. Use of an agricultural fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 4 or an agricultural fertilizer prepared by a preparation method according to any one of claims 5 to 8 for increasing crop yield, inhibiting bacteria, killing insects, or promoting crop growth.
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| CN107118041A (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2017-09-01 | 重庆市万源禽蛋食品有限公司 | Chicken manure fermenting organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN107266183A (en) * | 2017-07-06 | 2017-10-20 | 重庆市万源禽蛋食品有限公司 | Chicken manure organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN107445760A (en) * | 2017-08-02 | 2017-12-08 | 安徽乐农环保科技有限公司 | A kind of agricultural organic fertilizer and its production method |
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