CN116751053B - 一种高储能陶瓷介质材料及制备方法 - Google Patents

一种高储能陶瓷介质材料及制备方法 Download PDF

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CN116751053B
CN116751053B CN202310799881.7A CN202310799881A CN116751053B CN 116751053 B CN116751053 B CN 116751053B CN 202310799881 A CN202310799881 A CN 202310799881A CN 116751053 B CN116751053 B CN 116751053B
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许积文
汪青
杨玲
徐华蕊
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Guilin University of Electronic Technology
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种高储能陶瓷介质材料，所述材料具有以下的化学组成：(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3‑Sr1.88Ho0.12NaNb4.88Ti0.12O15‑Al3+；或者(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3‑Sr1.88Ho0.12NaNb4.88Ti0.12O15‑(Sr0.7Ba0.3)5LaNb7Ti3O30。本发明通过优化陶瓷材料的组成，使材料具有细窄的电滞回线和高的击穿场强，在保证一定储能效率的前提下大幅提升了储能性能。

Description

一种高储能陶瓷介质材料及制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及功能材料技术领域，具体涉及一种高储能陶瓷介质材料及制备方法。
背景技术
目前，主要的储能设备有介电电容器、超级电容器和电池。其中，陶瓷介质电容器在先进的脉冲电源系统中，如电力电子、电磁设备、脉冲功率武器和混合动力车辆，有着优异的充放电性能和抗疲劳性能。因此，具有高储能密度的陶瓷介质材料已成为高性能脉冲储能电容器应用的必然选择。
目前,钙钛矿结构陶瓷的研究在介电材料的研究中占主要部分，如BaNaTiO3基、NaNbO基、BaTiO3基、SrTiO3基、BiFeO3基和AgNbO3基储能陶瓷等，其中Bi0 .5Na0 .5TiO3 因其良好的压电效应和电致伸缩性，使其成为储能材料的研究热点。然而，钙钛矿陶瓷，存在较大的剩余极化特性，因此影响了其能量储存特性。通常的陶瓷介质材料，储能效率与储能密度呈负相关性，如何在保证一定储能效率的前提下，获得更高的储能密度，是陶瓷储能材料领域的重点研发方向。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种高储能陶瓷介质材料，通过研发出的材料新组成,使介质材料具有细窄的电滞回线和高的击穿场强，在保证一定储能效率的前提下大幅提升了储能性能。
本发明提供的高储能陶瓷介质材料，具有以下的化学组成：
（1）(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3-Sr1.88Ho0.12NaNb4.88Ti0.12O15- Al3+；
（2）(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3 - Ba5LaTi3Ta7O30- Sb3+；
（3）(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3 -（Sr0.7Ba0.3）5LaNb7Ti3O30 - Ta5+；
（4） (Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3-Ba5LaTi3Ta7O30- (Sr0.7Ba0.3)5LaNb7Ti3O30；
（5）(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3-Sr1.88Ho0.12NaNb4.88Ti0.12O15- (Sr0.7Ba0.3)5LaNb7Ti3O30。
本发明提供的高储能陶瓷介质材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）以Bi2O3、Nb2O5、TiO2、Sr2CO3、 Ba2CO3、Ho2O3、Na2O3、La2O3、Ta2O5、Al2O3和Sb2O3粉体为原料，分别按照通式(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3、Sr1.88Ho0.12NaNb4.88Ti0.12O15、Ba5LaTi3Ta7O30和（Sr0.7Ba0.3）5LaNb7Ti3O30配料，再分别加入无水乙醇调浆，通过球磨使粉体混合均匀，再烘干，去除无水乙醇，最后分别得到BNT、SHNNT、BLTT和SBLNT粉料。
（2）在密闭条件下，将BNT粉料于850℃，SHNNT、BLTT和SBLNT粉料于1100℃下预烧，分别得到BNT、SHNNT、BLTT和SBLNT原料。
（3）将上述BNT、SHNNT、BLTT和SBLNT原料按以下质量比称取：
BNT:SHNNT=（0.82±10%）：（0.18±10%）；
BNT:BLTT =（0.82±10%）：（0.18±10%）；
BNT:SBLNT=（0.82±10%）：（0.18±10%）；
BNT:BLTT:SBLNT=（2±10%）:（3±10%）: （3±10%）；
BNT:SHNNT:SBLNT=（2±10%）:（3±10%）: （3±10%）。
分别加入无水乙醇，经球磨制浆、烘干、造粒、过筛、模压成型得到陶瓷生坯，经烧结获得高储能陶瓷介质材料。
本发明的技术特点和效果：
通过优化陶瓷材料的组成，以及通过氧化铝、氧化锑或氧化钽引入的金属离子，将陶瓷材料的平均晶粒尺寸降低，大幅度提升了陶瓷的致密性，进而增强了陶瓷材料的击穿电场，最终导致陶瓷材料储能密度的提高。
附图说明
图1为本发明所述材料在室温下145-320 kV/cm时的储能密度和储能效率图。
具体实施方式
下面通过给出的实施例和对比例，可以更充分地了解本发明的技术方案和技术效果。
实施例1 ：
（1）选取Bi2O3、Nb2O5、TiO2、Sr2CO3、Ho2O3、Na2O3和Al2O3粉体为原料，分别按照通式(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3和Sr1.88Ho0.12NaNb4.88Ti0.12O15，按质量比称取原料，再分别加入适量的无水乙醇，经过一次球磨使粉体混合均匀得到两份浆料。
（2）将获得的两份浆料置于80℃下的恒温烘箱中烘干，去除无水乙醇，得到两份粉料，分别将两份粉料在密闭条件下于850℃和1100℃下预烧，保温时间分别为3小时和6小时，得到BNT和SHNNT原料。
（3）原料按质量比为BNT:SHNNT=0.82:0.18称取，然后外加混合料1.2 wt%的Al2O3粉料，再加入与粉体适量的无水乙醇，经过二次球磨使粉体混合均匀形成浆料；将球磨后的浆料在80℃下烘干，经造粒、过筛、模压成型得到陶瓷生坯。
（4）将陶瓷坯体在600℃下进行排胶处理，将排胶后的陶瓷坯体进行烧结，烧结温度为1160℃，升温速率4℃/min，保温时间3小时，冷却到室温后得到钙钛矿钨青铜复合物陶瓷材料，其化学组成为：(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3-Sr1.88Ho0.12NaNb4.88Ti0.12O15- Al3+。
经测试，该陶瓷材料在260 kV/cm电场下储能密度(Wrec)达到2.6J/cm3，储能效率(η)达到97％。
实施例2 ：
（1）选取Bi2O3、Nb2O5、TiO2、 Ba2CO3、Na2O3、La2O3、Ta2O5和Sb2O3粉体为原料，分别按照通式 (Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3和Ba5LaTi3Ta7O30，按质量比称取原料，再分别加入适量的无水乙醇，经过一次球磨使粉体混合均匀得到两份浆料。
（2）将获得的两份浆料置于80℃下的恒温烘箱中烘干，去除无水乙醇，得到两份粉料，分别将两份粉料在密闭条件下于850℃和1100℃下预烧，保温时间分别为3小时和6小时，得到BNT和BLTT原料。
（3）原料按质量比为BNT:BLTT =0.82:0.18称取,然后外加混合料1.2 wt%的Sb2O3粉料，再加入与粉体适量的无水乙醇，经过二次球磨使粉体混合均匀形成浆料；将球磨后的浆料在80℃下烘干，经造粒、过筛、模压成型得到陶瓷生坯。
（4）将陶瓷坯体在600℃下进行排胶处理，将排胶后的陶瓷坯体进行烧结，烧结温度为1160℃，升温速率4℃/min，保温时间3小时，冷却到室温后得到钙钛矿钨青铜复合物陶瓷材料，其化学组成为：
(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3- Ba5LaTi3Ta7O30 - Sb3+。
经测试，该陶瓷材料在145 kV/cm电场下储能密度(Wrec)达到2.58J/cm3，储能效率(η)达到67％。
实施例3 ：
（1）选取Bi2O3、Nb2O5、TiO2、Sr2CO3、Ba2CO3、Na2O3、La2O3和Ta2O5粉体为原料，分别按照通式 (Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3和（Sr0.7Ba0.3）5LaNb7Ti3O30，按质量比称取原料，再分别加入适量的无水乙醇，经过一次球磨使粉体混合均匀得到两份浆料。
（2）将获得的两份浆料置于80℃下的恒温烘箱中烘干，去除无水乙醇，得到两份粉料，分别将两份粉料在密闭条件下于850℃和1100℃下预烧，保温时间分别为3小时和6小时，得到BNT和SBLNT原料。
（3）原料按质量比为BNT:SBLNT=0.82:0.18称取,然后外加混合0.8 wt%的Ta2O5粉料，再加入与粉体适量的无水乙醇，经过二次球磨使粉体混合均匀形成浆料；将球磨后的浆料在80℃下烘干，经造粒、过筛、模压成型得到陶瓷生坯。
（4）将陶瓷坯体在600℃下进行排胶处理，将排胶后的陶瓷坯体进行烧结，烧结温度为1160℃，升温速率4℃/min，保温时间3小时，冷却到室温后得到钙钛矿钨青铜复合物陶瓷材料，其化学组成为：
(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3-（Sr0.7Ba0.3）5LaNb7Ti3O30- Ta5+。
经测试，该陶瓷材料在150 kV/cm电场下储能密度(Wrec)达到2.75J/cm3，储能效率(η)达到65％。
实施例4 ：
（1）选取Bi2O3、Nb2O5、TiO2、Sr2CO3、Ba2CO3、Na2O3、La2O3和Ta2O5粉体为原料，分别按照通式 (Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3、Ba5LaTi3Ta7O30和（Sr0.7Ba0.3）5LaNb7Ti3O30，按质量比称取原料，再分别加入适量的无水乙醇，经过一次球磨使粉体混合均匀得到三份浆料。
（2）将获得的三份浆料置于80℃下的恒温烘箱中烘干，去除无水乙醇，得到三份粉料，将三份粉料在密闭条件下分别于850℃、1100℃和1100℃下预烧，保温时间分别为3小时、6小时和6小时，得到BNT、BLTT和SBLNT原料。
（3）原料按质量比为BNT:BLTT:SBLNT=2:3: 3称取，然后加入适量的无水乙醇，经过二次球磨使粉体混合均匀形成浆料；将球磨后的浆料在80℃下烘干，经造粒、过筛、模压成型得到陶瓷生坯。
（4）将陶瓷坯体在600℃下进行排胶处理，将排胶后的陶瓷坯体进行烧结，烧结温度为1400℃，升温速率4℃/min，保温时间3小时，冷却到室温后得到钙钛矿钨青铜复合物陶瓷材料，其化学组成为：
(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3-Ba5LaTi3Ta7O30- (Sr0.7Ba0.3)5LaNb7Ti3O30。
经测试，该陶瓷材料在220 kV/cm电场下储能密度(Wrec)达到2.2J/cm3，储能效率(η)达到99.4％。
实施例5 ：
（1）选取Bi2O3、Nb2O5、TiO2、Sr2CO3、Ho2O3、Na2O3、La2O3和TiO2粉体为原料，分别按照通式 (Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3、Sr1.88Ho0.12NaNb4.88Ti0.12O15和（Sr0.7Ba0.3）5LaNb7Ti3O30，按质量比称取原料，再分别加入适量的无水乙醇，经过一次球磨使粉体混合均匀得到三份浆料。
（2）将获得的三份浆料置于80℃下的恒温烘箱中烘干，去除无水乙醇，得到三份粉料，将三份粉料在密闭条件下分别于850℃、1100℃和1100℃下预烧，保温时间分别为3小时、6小时和6小时，得到BNT、SHNNT和SBLNT原料。
（3）原料按质量比为BNT:SHNNT:SBLNT=2：3：3称取，然后加入适量的无水乙醇，经过二次球磨使粉体混合均匀形成浆料；将球磨后的浆料在80℃下烘干，经造粒、过筛、模压成型得到陶瓷生坯。
（4）将陶瓷坯体在600℃下进行排胶处理，将排胶后的陶瓷坯体进行烧结，烧结温度为1400℃，升温速率4℃/min，保温时间3小时，冷却到室温后得到钙钛矿钨青铜复合物陶瓷材料，其化学组成为：
(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3-Sr1.88Ho0.12NaNb4.88Ti0.12O15- (Sr0.7Ba0.3)5LaNb7Ti3O30。
经测试，该陶瓷材料在320 kV/cm电场下储能密度(Wrec)达到3.0J/cm3，储能效率(η)达到99.1％。

Claims (2)

1.高储能陶瓷介质材料，其特征在于，所述高储能陶瓷介质材料的化学组成，一种为：(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3-Sr1.88Ho0.12NaNb4.88Ti0.12O15- Al3+，其中(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3与Sr1.88Ho0.12NaNb4.88Ti0.12O15的质量比为（0.82±10%）：（0.18±10%），外加占两者混合量1.2wt%的Al2O3；
另一种为：(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3-Sr1.88Ho0.12NaNb4.88Ti0.12O15- (Sr0.7Ba0.3)5LaNb7Ti3O30，其中(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3、Sr1.88Ho0.12NaNb4.88Ti0.12O15、 (Sr0.7Ba0.3)5LaNb7Ti3O30之间的质量比为（2±10%）:（3±10%）: （3±10%）。
2.如权利要求1所述高储能陶瓷介质材料的制备方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括以下步骤：
（1）以Bi2O3、Nb2O5、TiO2、Sr2CO3、 Ba2CO3、Ho2O3、Na2O3、La2O3和Al2O3粉体为原料，分别按照通式(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3、Sr1.88Ho0.12NaNb4.88Ti0.12O15和（Sr0.7Ba0.3）5LaNb7Ti3O30配料，再分别加入无水乙醇调浆，通过球磨使粉体混合均匀，再烘干，去除无水乙醇，最后分别得到BNT、SHNNT和SBLNT粉料；
（2）在密闭条件下，将BNT粉料于850℃，SHNNT和SBLNT粉料于1100℃下预烧，分别得到BNT、SHNNT和SBLNT原料；
（3）将上述BNT、SHNNT和SBLNT原料按以下质量比称取：
BNT:SHNNT=（0.82±10%）：（0.18±10%）；外加混合料1.2 wt%的Al2O3粉料；
或者BNT:SHNNT:SBLNT=（2±10%）:（3±10%）: （3±10%）；
然后加入无水乙醇，经球磨制浆、烘干、造粒、过筛、模压成型得到陶瓷生坯，经烧结获得高储能陶瓷介质材料。
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