CN116732002A - 一种耐受表面活性剂的脂肪酶变体及其应用 - Google Patents
一种耐受表面活性剂的脂肪酶变体及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN116732002A CN116732002A CN202210198070.7A CN202210198070A CN116732002A CN 116732002 A CN116732002 A CN 116732002A CN 202210198070 A CN202210198070 A CN 202210198070A CN 116732002 A CN116732002 A CN 116732002A
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- lipase
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- variant
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- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 230000035772 mutation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 34
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- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims description 32
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- 102000053602 DNA Human genes 0.000 claims description 8
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种耐受表面活性剂的脂肪酶变体及其应用。本发明提供了一种脂肪酶变体,为将野生型脂肪酶进行点突变后所得,突变位点含有如下中的部分或全部:自N端起第84位、第86位和第92位;所述野生型脂肪酶为来源于疏棉状嗜热丝孢菌的脂肪酶。本发明通过对脂肪酶盖子区域进行点饱和突变获得该酶的突变体,大大提高了脂肪酶对表面活性剂的耐受性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及生物化工技术领域,具体涉及一种耐受表面活性剂的脂肪酶变体及其应用。
背景技术
随着人们对环保意识的加深,对于造纸等用量大且耗费资源多的工业压力越来越大,废纸作为可回收资源,回收效果是最重要的。废纸回收的一大难题就是脱墨,传统脱墨多采用蒸球法和碎浆机疏散法,虽然效果很好,但是纸浆白度低,机器成本高,耗费也很大。酶法脱墨作为一种新生脱墨方法,具有回收率高,成本低,时间短等特点。但纸浆回收时需要加入表面活性剂用于油墨与纤维的脱离,而表面活性剂会严重影响脂肪酶活性,因此,获得耐表面活性剂的脂肪酶十分迫切。
随着脂肪酶晶体结构的解析,处于活性位点外部的盖子(Lid)结构逐渐被人们所了解。脂肪酶的盖子是一种可以活动的结构,与脂肪酶的主体连接,由一个或多个α-螺旋组成。脂肪酶位于油水界面时,盖子打开,暴露出活性位点,使得底物能够被水解,这个过程被称为脂肪酶的界面激活(Interfacial activation)。因此,脂肪酶只能作用于油水界面,在油水界面无法形成时,脂肪酶的盖子无法打开,底物也就不能被水解。
来源于疏棉状嗜热丝孢菌(Thermomyces lanuginosus)的脂肪酶是一个重要的脂肪酶,但对其表面活性剂耐受性定向分子改造研究还很少,限制了其在纸张脱墨、皮革处理中的应用。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术的不足,本发明的目的是提供一种耐受高表面活性剂脂肪酶变体及其编码基因和相关应用。
第一方面,本发明要求保护一种脂肪酶变体。
本发明要求保护的脂肪酶变体为将野生型脂肪酶进行点突变后所得,突变位点含有(或为)如下中的部分或全部:自N端起第84位、第86位和第92位。
上述三个位点均位于脂肪酶盖子区域。
优选的,所述脂肪酶变体的氨基酸序列与仅含有上述各突变位点的序列相比具有95%以上的同一性。
所述95%以上进一步优选为96%以上、97%以上、98%以上或99%以上。
其中,所述野生型脂肪酶可为来源于疏棉状嗜热丝孢菌(Thermomyceslanuginosus)的脂肪酶。
进一步地,所述来源于疏棉状嗜热丝孢菌(Thermomyces lanuginosus)的脂肪酶的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID No.1所示。
进一步地,所述脂肪酶变体可为如下任一:
(A1)所述脂肪酶变体为将所述野生型脂肪酶的至少如下位点或如下位点的氨基酸残基进行点突变后得到的蛋白:自N端起第84位;
(A2)所述脂肪酶变体为将所述野生型脂肪酶的至少如下位点或如下位点的氨基酸残基进行点突变后得到的蛋白:自N端起第86位;
(A3)所述脂肪酶变体为将所述野生型脂肪酶的至少如下位点或如下位点的氨基酸残基进行点突变后得到的蛋白:自N端起第92位。
更进一步地,在所述脂肪酶变体中,自N端起第84位的点突变为R84H、第86位的点突变为I86L、第92位的点突变为N92A或N92V。
在本发明中,对于氨基酸取代,使用下述命名法:原始氨基酸(野生型),位置(即在SEQ ID No.1中的位置),取代氨基酸。相应地,在SEQ ID No.1的不同位点突变的突变体依次命名。
在本发明的具体实施方式中,所述脂肪酶变体为如下任一:
(a1)所述脂肪酶变体为将SEQ ID No.1所示的野生型脂肪酶的氨基酸残基进行如下位点的点突变后得到的蛋白:R84H(对应变体V1,氨基酸序列如SEQ ID No.3所示);
(a2)所述脂肪酶变体为将SEQ ID No.1所示的野生型脂肪酶的氨基酸残基进行如下位点的点突变后得到的蛋白:I86L(对应变体V2,氨基酸序列如SEQ ID No.4所示);
(a3)所述脂肪酶变体为将SEQ ID No.1所示的野生型脂肪酶的氨基酸残基进行如下位点的点突变后得到的蛋白:N92A(对应变体V3,氨基酸序列如SEQ ID No.5所示);
(a4)所述脂肪酶变体为将SEQ ID No.1所示的野生型脂肪酶的氨基酸残基进行如下位点的点突变后得到的蛋白:N92V(对应变体V4,氨基酸序列如SEQ ID No.6所示)。
第二方面,本发明要求保护脂肪酶变体相关的生物材料。
本发明要求保护的脂肪酶变体相关的生物材料,可为如下任一:
(I)编码前文第一方面中所述脂肪酶变体的核酸分子;
(II)含有所述核酸分子的表达盒、重组载体、重组菌或转基因细胞系。
进一步地,编码SEQ ID No.1所示野生型脂肪酶的核酸分子为SEQ ID No.2所示DNA分子。
在本发明的具体实施方式中,编码所述脂肪酶变体的核酸分子为如下任一:
(B1)将SEQ ID No.2的第250-252位的cgt替换为cat后得到的DNA分子(对应R84H,即变体V1的编码基因);
(B2)将SEQ ID No.2的第256-258位的ata替换为ctg后得到的DNA分子(对应I86L,即变体V2的编码基因);
(B3)将SEQ ID No.2的第274-276位的aat替换为gcg后得到的DNA分子(对应N92A,即变体V3的编码基因);
(B4)将SEQ ID No.2的第274-276位的aat替换为gtt后得到的DNA分子(对应N92V,即变体V4的编码基因)。
在本发明的具体实施方式中,所述重组菌为含有所述核酸分子的大肠杆菌。如含有所述核酸分子的大肠杆菌BL21 Gold(DE3)。
第三方面,本发明要求保护前文第一方面中所述脂肪酶变体或前文第二方面中所述的生物材料在如下任一中的用途:
(C1)前文第二方面中所述的生物材料用于制备对表面活性剂耐受性提高的脂肪酶(即前文第一方面中所述脂肪酶变体)。
(C2)在存在表面活性剂的情况下,前文第一方面中所述脂肪酶变体用于水解脂肪酶底物;如对废旧纸张进行脱墨处理。
(C3)前文第一方面中所述脂肪酶变体或前文第二方面中所述的生物材料用于制备含有所述脂肪酶变体和表面活性剂的混合物,如加酶洗涤剂。
进一步地,所述表面活性剂可为非离子型表面活性剂或阴离子表面活性剂。
更进一步地,所述非离子型表面活性剂可为AEO-9、OP-10或Tween-80;所述阴离子表面活性剂可为SDS。
在本发明的具体实施方式中,所述脂肪酶底物为对硝基苯酚辛酸酯(p-nitrophenyl caprylate,pNPC)或对硝基苯酚丁酸酯(p-nitrophenyl butyrate,pNPB)。
在本发明的具体实施方式中,所述表面活性剂在体系中的终浓度为10-40mM。
本发明通过对脂肪酶盖子区域进行点饱和突变获得该酶的突变体,大大提高了脂肪酶对表面活性剂的耐受性。本发明提高了脂肪酶对表面活性剂的耐受性,对于制备相关下游产物,比如制造含有脂肪酶与表面活性剂的混合物(如加酶洗涤剂)等具有重要意义。另外,本发明对于废旧纸张回收(利用脂肪酶变体对表面活性剂的耐受性进行脱墨处理)也具有重要意义。
术语和定义
本发明中氨基酸由单字母或三字母代码表示,具有如下含义:A:Ala(丙氨酸);I:Ile(异亮氨酸);G:Gly(甘氨酸);N:Asn(天冬酰胺);W:Trp(色氨酸);L:Leu(亮氨酸);T:Thr(苏氨酸);K:Lys(赖氨酸);R:Arg(精氨酸);H:His(组氨酸);F:Phe(苯丙氨酸);V:Val(缬氨酸);S:Ser(丝氨酸);Q:Gln(谷氨酰胺)。
本发明中,饱和突变引物设计采用简并碱基,字母N、K、M分别代表碱基A/T/C/G、G/T、A/C。“/”表示“或”。
关于氨基酸位置或残基的术语“突变”是指在特定位置处的氨基酸已被其他的氨基酸代替。
本文采用“XaY”的形式表示氨基酸的突变或取代,其中a表示SEQ ID No.1中氨基酸的位置,X表示SEQ ID No.1中a位置野生型的氨基酸种类,Y表示SEQ ID No.1中a位置突变后的氨基酸种类。例如,“R84H”表示与SEQ ID No.1比对,在对应于SEQ ID No.1第84位的精氨酸R被组氨酸H取代。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式对本发明进行进一步的详细描述,给出的实施例仅为了阐明本发明,而不是为了限制本发明的范围。以下提供的实施例可作为本技术领域普通技术人员进行进一步改进的指南,并不以任何方式构成对本发明的限制。
下述实施例中的实验方法,如无特殊说明,均为常规方法,按照本领域内的文献所描述的技术或条件或者按照产品说明书进行。下述实施例中所用的材料、试剂等,如无特殊说明,均可从商业途径得到。
实施例1、脂肪酶突变体的表达载体构建
TLL是来源于疏棉状嗜热丝孢菌(Thermomyces lanuginosus)的脂肪酶(lipase)的简称。野生型TLL的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID No.1所示。
以含有野生型TLL的编码基因(SEQ ID No.2)的重组质粒pET22b-TLL(该重组质粒的结构描述为:在质粒pET22b的NcoI和XhoI之间插入SEQ ID No.2所示DNA片段后得到的重组质粒)为模板,设计第84位饱和突变引物(上游引物5’-ctttccgtggctctNNKtccatagagaac-3’,下游引物5’-gttctctatggaMNNagagccacggaaag-3’);第86位饱和突变引物(上游引物5’-ggctctcgttccNNKgagaactggatc-3’,下游引物5’-gatccagttctcMNNggaacgagagcc-3’);第92位饱和突变引物(上游引物5’-gagaactggatcgggNNKcttaacttcgac-3’),下游引物5’-gtcgaagttaagMNNcccgatccagttctc-3’),进行PCR对目的氨基酸进行随机突变。
PCR完成后,对目的基因进行胶回收,并转化到大肠杆菌BL21 Gold(DE3)中,37℃培养箱培养至长出单克隆。
实施例2、脂肪酶突变体的筛选
对实施例1中得到的各突变体克隆,挑取单克隆接入含有LBG培养基的96孔板中,在37℃800rpm摇床中过夜培养,并转接至含有LS5052培养基的96孔板中,28℃800rpm摇床中诱导表达至一定时间。培养完成后,离心收集上清液。
将170μl含有10mM底物(pNPC或pNPB)的20mM Tris-HCl(pH=8.0)溶液加入到96孔板(MTP)各个孔中,再加入30μl蛋白表达上清,在振动板上混匀后,迅速在410nm吸收波长下测定吸光值(A410)。以单位时间A410变化值计算活性作为各突变体的初始活性。将170μl含有10mM底物(pNPC或pNPB)、20mM表面活性剂AEO-9(或30mM表面活性剂SDS)的20mM Tris-HCl(pH=8.0)溶液加入到96孔板(MTP)各个孔中,再加入30μl蛋白表达上清,在振动板上混匀后,迅速在410nm吸收波长下测定吸光值,同样可得出表面活性剂存在时的活性。用表面活性剂存在时的活性除以初始活性,则得到剩余活性。
得到的菌株与原始的TLL比较,剩余活性提高的即为有益突变菌株,然后通过基因测序,找到相对应突变的氨基酸。经过三个定点饱和突变体库的筛选,最终获得了四株表面活性剂耐受性明显提高的突变体。通过基因测序,得到所述四株突变体的名称及对应突变氨基酸见表1。
表1、突变体名称及对应突变氨基酸、突变碱基
突变体名称 | 突变氨基酸 | 突变碱基(位置) |
V1 | R84H | cgt-cat(250-252) |
V2 | I86L | ata-ctg(256-258) |
V3 | N92A | aat-gcg(274-276) |
V4 | N92V | aat-gtt(274-276) |
注:“突变氨基酸”中的数值为相应位点在SEQ ID No.1中的位置;“突变碱基”中的位置指的是相应位点在SEQ ID No.2中的位置。
实施例3、脂肪酶及其突变体在大肠杆菌中的表达
接种针挑取原始的TLL和突变体的阳性菌接种于LBG培养基中,以37℃培养12h,然后以1%(V/V)接种量接种于100mL LS5052培养基中,以28℃培养诱导表达。将上述培养菌液收集到离心管中,离心收集上清。
实施例4、脂肪酶及其突变体以pNPC为底物时对表面活性剂AEO-9耐受性检测
4℃离心收集实施例3中的上清液。将170μl含有20mM Tris-HCl(pH=8.0)、10mMpNPC底物和10mM、20mM、40mM AEO-9的溶液,加入到MTP各个孔中,加入30μl蛋白表达上清,在振动板上混匀后,迅速在410nm吸收波长下测定吸光值。计算方法同实施例2,可得到野生型酶和突变体酶的剩余活性如表2所示(10mM、20mM、40mM AEO-9下的剩余活性%)
表2、脂肪酶变体蛋白上清液以pNPC为底物在10mM、20mM、40mM AEO-9浓度下剩余活性
结果表明以pNPC为底物时,突变体V1-V4对AEO-9的耐受性有不同程度的提高,10-40mM时,剩余活性是野生型TLL的2.8-56.3倍。
实施例5、脂肪酶及其突变体以pNPB为底物时对表面活性剂AEO-9耐受性检测
4℃离心收集实施例3中的上清液。将170μl含有20mM Tris-HCl(pH=8.0)、10mMpNPB底物和10mM、20mM、40mM AEO-9的溶液,加入到MTP各个孔中,加入30μl蛋白表达上清,在振动板上混匀后,迅速在410nm吸收波长下测定吸光值。计算方法同实施例2,可得出野生型酶和突变体酶的剩余活性如表3所示(10mM、20mM、40mM AEO-9下的剩余活性%)。
表3、脂肪酶变体蛋白上清液以pNPB为底物在10mM、20mM、40mM AEO-9浓度下剩余活性
结果表明以pNPB为底物时,突变体V1-V4对AEO-9的耐受性有不同程度的提高,10-40mM时,剩余活性是野生型TLL的1.1-2.1倍。
实施例6、脂肪酶及其突变体以pNPC为底物时对表面活性剂SDS剩余活性检测
4℃离心收集实施例3中的上清液。将170μl含有20mM Tris-HCl(pH=8.0)、10mMpNPC底物和10mM、20mM、40mM SDS的溶液加入到MTP各个孔中,加入30μl蛋白表达上清,在振动板上混匀后,迅速在410nm吸收波长下测定吸光值。计算方法同实施例2,可得出生型酶和突变体酶的剩余活性如下表所示(10mM、20mM、40mM SDS下的剩余活性%)
表4、脂肪酶变体蛋白上清液以pNPC为底物在10mM、20mM、40mM SDS浓度下剩余活性
结果表明以pNPC为底物时,低于或等于40mM SDS会对脂肪酶TLL及突变体V1-V4的酶活有促进作用,在该SDS浓度范围下,SDS浓度增加促进作用减弱。突变体V2在10-40mM下的剩余活性是野生型TLL的1.1-1.8倍。
以上对本发明进行了详述。对于本领域技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明的宗旨和范围,以及无需进行不必要的实验情况下,可在等同参数、浓度和条件下,在较宽范围内实施本发明。虽然本发明给出了特殊的实施例,应该理解为,可以对本发明作进一步的改进。总之,按本发明的原理,本申请欲包括任何变更、用途或对本发明的改进,包括脱离了本申请中已公开范围,而用本领域已知的常规技术进行的改变。按以下附带的权利要求的范围,可以进行一些基本特征的应用。
<110> 中国科学院天津工业生物技术研究所
<120> 一种耐受表面活性剂的脂肪酶变体及其应用
<130> GNCLN220707
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gaggtctcgc aggatctgtt taaccagttc aatctctttg cacagtattc tgcagccgca 60
tactgcggaa aaaacaatga tgccccagct ggtacaaaca ttacgtgcac gggaaatgcc 120
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ggcgatgtca ccggcttcct tgctctcgac aacacgaaca aattgatcgt cctctctttc 240
cgtggctctc gttccataga gaactggatc gggaatctta acttcgactt gaaagaaata 300
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gccgatacgt taaggcagaa ggtggaggat gctgtgaggg agcatcccga ctatcgcgtg 420
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tggatcaaat ctggaaccct tgtccccgtc acccgaaacg atatcgtgaa gatagaaggc 720
atcgatgcca ccggcggcaa taaccagcct aacattccgg atatccctgc gcacctatgg 780
tacttcgggt taattgggac atgtctttaa 810
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Claims (10)
1.脂肪酶变体,为将野生型脂肪酶进行点突变后所得,突变位点含有如下中的部分或全部:自N端起第84位、第86位和第92位;
所述野生型脂肪酶为来源于疏棉状嗜热丝孢菌(Thermomyces lanuginosus)的脂肪酶。
2.根据权利要求1所述的脂肪酶变体,其特征在于:所述脂肪酶变体为如下任一:
(A1)所述脂肪酶变体为将所述野生型脂肪酶的至少如下位点或如下位点的氨基酸残基进行点突变后得到的蛋白:自N端起第84位;
(A2)所述脂肪酶变体为将所述野生型脂肪酶的至少如下位点或如下位点的氨基酸残基进行点突变后得到的蛋白:自N端起第86位;
(A3)所述脂肪酶变体为将所述野生型脂肪酶的至少如下位点或如下位点的氨基酸残基进行点突变后得到的蛋白:自N端起第92位。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的脂肪酶变体,其特征在于:所述来源于疏棉状嗜热丝孢菌(Thermomyces lanuginosus)的脂肪酶的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID No.1所示。
4.根据权利要求1-3中任一所述的脂肪酶变体,其特征在于:在所述脂肪酶变体中,自N端起第84位的点突变为R84H、第86位的点突变为I86L、第92位的点突变为N92A或N92V。
5.根据权利要求1-4中任一所述的脂肪酶变体,其特征在于:所述脂肪酶变体为如下任一:
(a1)所述脂肪酶变体为将SEQ ID No.1所示的野生型脂肪酶的氨基酸残基进行如下位点的点突变后得到的蛋白:R84H;
(a2)所述脂肪酶变体为将SEQ ID No.1所示的野生型脂肪酶的氨基酸残基进行如下位点的点突变后得到的蛋白:I86L;
(a3)所述脂肪酶变体为将SEQ ID No.1所示的野生型脂肪酶的氨基酸残基进行如下位点的点突变后得到的蛋白:N92A;
(a4)所述脂肪酶变体为将SEQ ID No.1所示的野生型脂肪酶的氨基酸残基进行如下位点的点突变后得到的蛋白:N92V。
6.脂肪酶变体相关的生物材料,为如下任一:
(I)编码权利要求1-5中任一所述脂肪酶变体的核酸分子;
(II)含有所述核酸分子的表达盒、重组载体、重组菌或转基因细胞系。
7.根据权利要求6所述的生物材料,其特征在于:编码SEQ ID No.1所示野生型脂肪酶的核酸分子为SEQ ID No.2所示DNA分子。
8.根据权利要求7所述的生物材料,其特征在于:编码所述脂肪酶变体的核酸分子为如下任一:
(B1)将SEQ ID No.2的第250-252位的cgt替换为cat后得到的DNA分子;
(B2)将SEQ ID No.2的第256-258位的ata替换为ctg后得到的DNA分子;
(B3)将SEQ ID No.2的第274-276位的aat替换为gcg后得到的DNA分子;
(B4)将SEQ ID No.2的第274-276位的aat替换为gtt后得到的DNA分子。
9.权利要求1-5中任一所述脂肪酶变体或权利要求6-8中任一所述的生物材料在如下任一中的用途:
(C1)权利要求6-8中任一所述的生物材料用于制备对表面活性剂耐受性提高的脂肪酶;
(C2)在存在表面活性剂的情况下,权利要求1-5中任一所述脂肪酶变体用于水解脂肪酶底物;
(C3)权利要求1-5中任一所述脂肪酶变体或权利要求6-8中任一所述的生物材料用于制备含有所述脂肪酶变体和表面活性剂的混合物。
10.根据权利要求9所述的用途,其特征在于:所述表面活性剂为非离子型表面活性剂或阴离子表面活性剂;
进一步地,所述非离子型表面活性剂为AEO-9、OP-10或Tween-80;和/或
进一步地,所述阴离子表面活性剂为SDS。
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