CN116656749A - 一种甘草益生菌群发酵液的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种甘草益生菌群发酵液的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种甘草益生菌群发酵液的制备方法,属于生物工程技术领域。本发明采用益生菌群对甘草进行半固态发酵,通过优化发酵温度和含水量等条件提高甘草中黄酮、多糖、甘草酸和甘草次酸的释放量,并对发酵上清液的抑菌、抗氧化和美白效果进行了评价,表明益生菌群发酵的效果明显优于单菌发酵和索氏提取。本发明利用益生菌群发酵中药是目前中药研发的全新途径,在食品、保健品、化妆品、宠物饲料等方面有着广泛的应用。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生物工程技术领域,涉及微生物发酵产品,针对甘草植物细胞壁阻碍胞内有效成分的释放,利用酿酒酵母菌、乳酸菌、芽孢杆菌组成的益生菌群产生的复合酶系作用于细胞壁,从而增加甘草黄酮、甘草多糖、甘草酸等有效成分的释放,并对发酵液抑制致病菌、抑制酪氨酸酶、抗氧化等活性进行评价。
背景技术
甘草属于豆科类植物,是常见的中草药之一,有广泛的药用价值。甘草中的黄酮类、多糖类、甘草酸是其主要的有效成分,其中甘草多糖是一种免疫调节剂,具有抗肿瘤、抗病毒、抗氧化、抗炎症、吞噬作用、降尿酸等多种功效;甘草黄酮具有抗肿瘤、抗氧化、抗病毒等作用;甘草酸是一种低热量、高甜度、安全无毒的天然甜味剂,并且具有抗炎、抗病毒、抗变态反应、免疫调节等作用。甘草提取物用作保健食品具有提高免疫力、镇咳祛痰等功效,应用于化妆品具有抗氧化、抑菌、美白等作用。
目前常用的提取甘草有效成分的工艺有溶剂提取法、超声辅助提取法、微波辅助法、酶提取法、渗流-大孔树脂循环耦合提取法、超临界二氧化碳萃取法等,其中酶提取法、渗流-大孔树脂循环耦合提取法、超临界萃取法,或操作繁琐、成本高,或处理量较低、不适合大规模生产。
发明内容
针对甘草提取现有技术的不足,本发明的目的是提供一种甘草益生菌群发酵液的制备方法。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:
本发明提供一种甘草益生菌群发酵液的制备方法,所述制备方法为使用酵母菌、乳酸菌和芽孢杆菌组成的益生菌群通过半固态发酵甘草,获得含有甘草黄酮、甘草酸、甘草次酸和多糖的发酵液。
基于上述技术方案,进一步地,所述的益生菌群中酵母菌、乳酸菌、芽孢杆菌的菌落数比例为(1-2):(1-2):(1-2)。
基于上述技术方案,进一步地,所述的益生菌群中酵母菌、乳酸菌、芽孢杆菌的菌落数比例为2:1:1。
基于上述技术方案,进一步地,所述的酵母菌为酿酒酵母,乳酸菌由等比例的植物乳杆菌和干酪乳杆菌组成,芽孢杆菌是等比例的地衣芽孢杆菌和枯草芽孢杆菌。
基于上述技术方案,进一步地,益生菌群的接种量为1-5%。
基于上述技术方案,进一步地,半固态发酵中甘草与水的质量比为1:(3-5),优选1:4。
基于上述技术方案,进一步地,半固态发酵的温度为25-37℃,优选30℃;转速100~300r/min,优选200r/min。
本发明另一方面提供上述制备方法制得的发酵液。
本发明还提供上述的发酵液作为保健食品或化妆品原料的应用。
基于上述技术方案,进一步地,发酵液具有抗氧化、抑菌、抑制酪氨酸酶的作用。
相对于现有技术,本发明具有如下有益效果:
本专利申请采用微生物菌群半固态发酵法处理甘草,通过微生物的酶促反应提高有效成分的得率,发酵条件温和、操作简单、成本低廉,使用水作溶剂,无需添加其它有机溶剂。通过半固态发酵获得的甘草发酵液不仅含有甘草的有效成分,而且还有益生菌的代谢产物,可以作为功能性食品、保健食品、化妆品的原料,具有广泛的应用前景。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例,下面将对实施例涉及的附图进行简单地介绍。
图1为不同固液比和发酵温度条件下芽孢杆菌(a、b)、酿酒酵母菌(c、d)、乳酸菌(e、f)在七天内的变化图,其中,A:固液比1:3,B:固液比1:4,C:固液比1:5,A-C的发酵温度30℃;D:发酵温度25℃,E:发酵温度30℃,F:发酵温度37℃,D-F的固液比1:4。
图2为发酵温度30℃下不同发酵组对甘草次酸(a)、甘草酸(b)、甘草多糖(c)、甘草黄酮(d)在七天内含量变化情况图,其中,A:固液比1:3,B:固液比1:4,C:固液比1:5。
图3为固液比1:4下不同发酵组对甘草次酸(a)、甘草酸(b)、甘草多糖(c)、甘草黄酮(d)在七天内含量变化情况图,其中,D:发酵温度25℃,E:发酵温度30℃,F:发酵温度37℃。
图4为半固态发酵、索氏提取、传统提取方法和纯水摇瓶提取对四种有效成分释放量的对比图。
图5为混菌发酵和单菌发酵对四种有效成分释放量的对比图。
图6为混菌发酵、单菌发酵、索氏提取和纯水摇瓶提取的上清液对大肠杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、鲍曼不动杆菌的抑菌率对比图。
图7为混菌发酵、单菌发酵、索氏提取、纯水摇瓶提取的上清液对五种自由基清除能力的比较图。
图8为混菌发酵、单菌发酵、索氏提取、纯水摇瓶提取的上清液对酪氨酸酶的抑制率比较图。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明进行详细的说明,但本发明的实施方式不限于此,显而易见地,下面描述中的实施例仅是本发明的部分实施例,对于本领域技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下,获得其他的类似的实施例均落入本发明的保护范围。
实施例中所使用的菌种与培养方法如下:
酵母菌:取-80℃保存的酿酒酵母(CICC 1009)菌种,融化,按2%接种量接种于YPD培养基(10g/L酵母浸粉、20g/L蛋白胨、20g/L葡萄糖),30℃、200r/min摇床振荡培养12h;
乳酸菌:取-80℃保存的乳酸菌混合菌株(植物乳杆菌(CICC 22213)∶干酪乳杆菌(CICC 6104)混合菌株=1∶1),融化,按2%接种量接种于MRS培养基(10g/L牛肉膏、10g/L蛋白胨、5g/L酵母浸粉、20g/L葡萄糖、2g/L磷酸氢二钾、2g/L柠檬酸三氨、5g/L乙酸钠、0.58g/L硫酸镁、0.25g/L硫酸锰,pH 6.2),30℃、200r/min摇床振荡培养12h;
芽孢杆菌:取-80℃保存的芽孢杆菌混合菌(枯草芽孢杆菌(CICC 24713)∶地衣芽孢杆菌(CICC 10084)=1∶1),按2%接种量接种于LB培养基(10g/L蛋白胨、10g/L氯化钠、5g/L蛋白胨,pH 7.2),37℃、200r/min摇床振荡培养12h。
将活化后的菌株按2%的接种量分别接入对应的种子培养基中,依照各菌活化时的温度和转速培养10h,按酵母菌:乳酸菌:芽孢杆菌=2:1:1的体积比将培养液混合,混合后种子培养基总活菌数为3×108CFU/mL。
测定指标及方法:
1.活菌数测定
将发酵后的样品混匀后准确称取3g,放于50mL灭菌离心管中,加入27mL生理盐水,混匀后涡旋振荡30s,制成1:10菌悬液,每组三个重复样;吸取菌悬液100μL加入到含有900μL生理盐水的2mL离心管中,混合均匀,制成1:100稀释液。按上述操作方法以10倍递增稀释,选择2~3适宜梯度,吸取50μL稀释液均匀涂布于对应的固体培养基上,每个梯度两个平行。将涂布后的培养皿恒温培养24h,选择菌落数在30~300之间的培养皿,计算同一梯度两个培养皿菌落的平均数,按下列公式(1)计算。
其中,a:同一梯度两个培养皿的菌落平均数;n:涂布所需要的稀释倍数;v:涂布所用的稀释液体积(μL)。
2.甘草多糖含量测定
将发酵后的样品在12000rpm条件下离心10分钟,取200μL上清液加1mL无水乙醇在4℃条件下过夜醇沉,去掉多余乙醇再重复操作一次,加1mL纯水溶解,用苯酚-硫酸法测定糖浓度:取200μL多糖溶液加入5%苯酚溶液200μL,然后快速加入1mL浓硫酸,用涡旋振荡器充分混合反应液,将离心管放置于沸水浴中反应20min后迅速置于冰浴中5min,488nm测吸光度。用葡萄糖作为标准物质。
3.甘草黄酮含量测定
将发酵的样品在12000rpm条件下离心10分钟,取上清液1mL,加入4mL无水甲醇在4℃条件下静置2h,用涡旋进行混匀取2mL在离心管内,之后在12000rpm条件下离心10min,取1ml溶液加入1mL 10%氢氧化钾溶液显色反应3h,在422nm测吸光度。用芦丁作为标准物质。
4.甘草酸含量测定
取发酵上清液1mL用3mol/L HCl调至pH 2.0后,用丁醇(色谱纯)+乙酸乙酯(色谱纯)(3+7)萃取,除去水溶性杂质,加无水乙醇(色谱纯)使溶液为20%的乙醇溶液,再经0.45μm滤膜过滤,供测定。色谱分离条件如下:色谱柱:Kromasil C18(250mm×4.6mm,5.0μm);流动相为水∶乙腈∶冰醋酸=63:37:0.15,流速:1.0mL/min;检测波长:254nm;柱温:25℃;进样体积:10μL。用甘草酸铵作为标准物质。
5.甘草次酸含量测定
取发酵上清液1mL用3mol/L HCl调至pH2.0后,用丁醇(色谱纯)+乙酸乙酯(色谱纯)(3+7)萃取,除去水溶性杂质,加50%甲醇(色谱纯),再经0.45μm滤膜过滤,供测定。色谱分离条件如下:色谱柱:Kromasil C18(250mm×4.6mm,5.0μm);流动相为乙腈∶0.03mmol/L醋酸铵=70:30,流速:1.0mL/min;检测波长:250nm;柱温:25℃;进样体积:10μL。用α-甘草次酸作为标准物质。
6.抑菌活性测定
将去离子水浸泡发酵甘草渣,涡旋一分钟,取上清液作为水浸液,选取大肠杆菌(CICC 21525)、肺炎克雷伯菌(CGMCC 2028)、鲍曼不动杆菌(CGMCC 1.6769)作为指示菌株测定水浸液对三种细菌的抑菌活性。将不同浓度的水浸液接入指示菌株悬浮液中,接入量为25%,37℃,200rpm连续培养4h,分别测定600nm、650nm的吸光度,每组实验重复三次。其中指示菌的吸光度为空白组、水浸液加LB培养基的吸光度为样品对照组、水浸液加指示菌的吸光度为样品组。抑菌率按照式(2)进行计算。
式中,A0:空白组吸光度,A1:样品对照组吸光度,A2:样品组吸光度。
7.发酵产物抗氧化活性比较
(1)DPPH自由基清除
称取4mg DPPH加无水乙醇定容于100mL容量瓶,避光4℃存储,在5mL棕色离心管中加入2mL不同浓度的发酵上清液和2mL DPPH溶液,全程避光冰浴操作,反应40min,在517nm处测得吸光度。通过维生素C标准曲线法计算不同样品溶液的DPPH自由基活性,得到如下关系式:y=8839.2x+9.4625(R2=0.9982),其中x是VC标准溶液浓度,y是DPPH自由基清除率。利用Graphpad软件按式(4)计算IC50值。
式中,A0:空白组吸光度;A1:样品对照组吸光度;A2:样品组吸光度。
式中,a:VC的IC50值;b:样品的IC50值。
(2)ABTS自由基清除
将100μL不同浓度发酵上清液(或VC标准溶液)与200μL ABTS溶液加入96孔板中,混合均匀后避光反应6min。以蒸馏水替代上清液作为空白组,以蒸馏水替代ABTS+·溶液作为样品对照组,全程避光冰浴操作,反应结束后于734nm处测定吸光度。ABTS自由基清除率按照式(3)进行计算。通过维生素C标准曲线计算不同样品溶液的ABTS阳离子自由基清除活性,得到如下关系式:y=4268.2x-36.126(R2=0.9988),其中x是VC标准溶液浓度,y是ABTS阳离子自由基清除率。利用Graphpad软件按式(4)计算IC50值。
(3)PTIO自由基清除
将100μL不同浓度发酵上清液(或VC标准溶液)与200μL PTIO溶液加入96孔板中,混合均匀后避光反应6min。以蒸馏水替代上清液作为空白组,以蒸馏水替代PTIO溶液作为样品对照组,全程避光冰浴操作,反应结束后于734nm处测定吸光度。PTIO自由基清除率按照式(3)进行计算。通过维生素C标准曲线计算不同样品溶液的ABTS阳离子自由基清除活性,得到如下关系式:y=1621.9x-24.254(R2=0.9975),其中x是VC标准溶液浓度,y是PTIO阳离子自由基清除率。利用Graphpad软件按式(4)计算IC50值。
(4)羟基自由基清除
将100μL 4mM水杨酸-乙醇溶液,100μL 4mM FeSO4溶液,100μL不同浓度发酵上清液,以及100μL 4mM过氧化氢溶液依次加入棕色离心管中,37℃条件下反应30min。以蒸馏水替代发酵上清液作为空白组,以蒸馏水代替过氧化氢溶液作为样品对照组。全程避光冰浴操作,反应结束后,使用小型离心机4000rpm离心5min。取200μL上清液加入96孔板中于510nm处测定吸光度。羟自由基清除率按照式(3)进行计算。通过维生素C标准曲线计算不同样品溶液的羟基自由基清除活性,得到如下关系式:y=700.65x+8.653(R2=0.9995),其中x是VC标准溶液浓度,y是羟基自由基清除率。利用Graphpad软件按式(4)计算IC50值。
(5)超氧自由基清除
将4.5mL pH为8.2 50mM Tris-HCl,0.4ml 25mM邻苯三酚溶液,1mL不同浓度发酵上清液,以及1mL 8mM氯化氢溶液依次加入棕色离心管中,37℃条件下反应2h。以蒸馏水替代发酵上清液作为空白组,以蒸馏水代替过氧化氢溶液作为样品对照组。全程避光冰浴操作,反应结束后,使用小型离心机4000rpm离心5min。取200μL上清液加入96孔板中于299nm处测定吸光度。羟自由基清除率按照式(3)进行计算。通过维生素C标准曲线计算不同样品溶液的羟基自由基活性,得到如下关系式:y=980.1x+5.136(R2=0.9904),其中x是VC标准溶液浓度,y是羟基自由基清除率。利用Graphpad软件按式(4)计算IC50值。
8.酪氨酸酶的抑制
以L-酪氨酸为底物,模拟人体体温,将pH=6.8,0.05mol/L的PBS缓冲液记为溶液a;5mmol/L的酪氨酸溶液记为溶液b;1000U/mL酪氨酸酶溶液记为溶液c;发酵上清液记为溶液d;去离子水记为溶液e。将50μL溶液b和100μL溶液e混合置于96孔板。随后将以上混合溶液避光条件下加入20μL溶液c,25℃反应10min,波长为475nm读取吸光度值,其数值记为A;将50μL溶液b和100μL溶液e混合置于96孔板,随后将以上混合溶液避光条件下加入20μL溶液a,25℃反应10min,波长为475nm读取吸光度值,其数值记为B;将50μL溶液b和100μL溶液d混合置于96孔板,随后将以上混合溶液避光条件下加入20μL溶液c,25℃反应10min,波长为475nm读取吸光度值,其数值记为C;将50μL溶液b和100μL溶液d混合置于96孔板,随后将以上混合溶液避光条件下加入20μL溶液a,25℃反应10min,波长为475nm读取吸光度值,其数值记为D。其酪氨酸酶抑制率按照公式(5)计算:
实施例1半固态发酵甘草中活菌数量
甘草经过粉碎后过40目,称量20g于250mL容量瓶,121℃灭菌20分钟,分别倒入无菌水58、78、98mL(固液比为1:3、1:4、1:5),之后以酿酒酵母菌:乳酸菌(植物乳杆菌:干酪乳杆菌=1:1):芽孢杆菌(枯草芽孢杆菌:地衣芽孢杆菌=1:1)=2:1:1的比例接种,接种量2%,在30℃温度下发酵培养7天,A、B、C组的固液比分别为1:3、1:4、1:5;优化固液比1:4为最佳条件,考察发酵温度的影响,D、E、F组的发酵温度分别为25℃、30℃、37℃。将优化好的发酵条件应用于单菌发酵,酿酒酵母菌、乳酸菌(植物乳杆菌:干酪乳杆菌=1:1)、芽孢杆菌(枯草芽孢杆菌:地衣芽孢杆菌=1:1)的单菌接菌量为2%、固液比1:4、发酵温度30℃,分别对甘草进行半固态发酵,以发酵第五天作为发酵终点。
活菌数测定的具体过程参考测定指标及方法1.“活菌数测定”实验部分,实验结果如图1所示。从图1可以看出A、B、C组的酿酒酵母菌、乳酸菌和芽孢杆菌都出现了先上升后下降的趋势,其中B组的三种菌相对于其他两组的生长情况较好,也就是固液比为1:4;固液比1:4时的发酵温度对三种菌生长影响表明,不同温度下菌种的生长趋势并不相同,发酵温度为25℃(D组)和30℃(E组)时酿酒酵母菌和乳酸菌的生长情况要明显好于37℃(F组),而芽孢杆菌的最适生长温度为37℃。总体而言,B、E两组对应的条件下三种菌的生长情况较好,也就是固液比1:4、发酵温度为30℃下发酵。
实施例2半固态发酵对甘草中有效成分释放的影响(固液比的影响)
具体实验过程见实施例1,甘草多糖、甘草黄酮、甘草酸和甘草次酸四种有效成分含量的测定参考测定指标及方法2.“甘草多糖含量测定”、3.“甘草黄酮含量测定”、4.“甘草酸含量测定”、5.“甘草次酸含量测定”,结果如图2所示,可以看出四种有效成分含量在七天内均有增长的趋势。随着发酵的进行,B组的甘草多糖含量要明显好于A、C两组,但是B组的上升速度要稍微慢于其他两组,可能与菌种生长消耗多糖有关;B组的甘草黄酮、甘草酸、甘草次酸的含量要高于A、C组,而A组的甘草酸和甘草次酸含量随着发酵的进行并没有太大的变化,相对于其他组差距较大,说明甘草酸和甘草次酸的释放量受发酵的影响较大,总体而言,三组在发酵第五天或第六天时有效成分释放趋于平稳。综合四种有效成分的释放情况看,固液比1:4相对较好。
实施例3半固态发酵对甘草中有效成分释放的影响(发酵温度的影响)
具体实验过程见实施例1,结果如图3所示,可以看出甘草黄酮、甘草酸、甘草次酸在不同发酵温度下均有增长的趋势,其中F组(37℃)的三种有效成分含量明显低于D、E两组,与菌种生长不佳有关;F组的多糖含量呈现先上升后下降的趋势,发酵至第5到7天时D、E两组多糖含量高于F组。综合四种有效成分的释放情况看,发酵温度为30℃时对有效成分的释放有利。
实施例4半固态发酵与索氏提取、传统提取、纯水摇瓶提取对有效成分释放的对比
将混菌的半固态发酵液在12000rmp下离心10min,取得上清液即为半固态发酵的样品;
在不接菌种的情况下,以半固态发酵相同的条件用纯水在摇瓶中对甘草进行提取,之后在12000rmp下离心10min取得上清液,即为纯水摇瓶提取的样品;
用50%的乙醇对40目的甘草粉(固液比1:4)进行索氏提取,得到索氏提取上清液,真空蒸发脱除乙醇后再补水至相同体积,即为索氏提取的样品;
传统方法提取甘草中活性成分的过程为:将40目的甘草粉用无水甲醇超声处理两小时得提取液,作为甘草黄酮的受试样品;提取液脱除甲醇后补水至相同体积得到甘草酸和甘草次酸样品;用去离子水在70℃条件下水浴加热2h后得到甘草多糖样品。
将固液比为1:4、发酵温度为30℃时混菌半固态发酵的上清液,与相同条件下纯水摇瓶提取的上清液、同样固液比的50%乙醇索氏提取样品、传统方法提取的样品中有效成分进行比较,结果如图4所示。四种有效成分的释放量呈现出如下规律:索氏提取>半固态发酵>传统提取>纯水摇瓶提取。相对于索氏提取,半固态发酵中甘草多糖、甘草黄酮、甘草酸和甘草次酸的提取率为99.01%、97.61%、97.12%、92.55%,基本接近索氏提取的结果;半固态发酵的甘草酸和甘草次酸释放量明显高于传统提取,分别提高75.77%、64.58%;与纯水摇瓶提取相比,半固态发酵的甘草黄酮、甘草酸和甘草次酸释放量提高了1.00、2.02、2.07倍,充分显示出益生菌发酵对甘草中有效成分的促释作用。索氏提取使用了乙醇、传统提取使用了甲醇,而半固态发酵仅用水作溶剂。
实施例5混菌和单菌半固态发酵对比
参考实施例4的混菌发酵条件,将酿酒酵母菌、芽孢杆菌(枯草芽孢杆菌:地衣芽孢杆菌=1:1)、乳酸菌(干酪乳杆菌:植物乳杆菌=1:1)单独培养10h之后接入到甘草中,接种量为2%,以发酵第5天作为发酵终点,将单菌发酵的甘草多糖、甘草黄酮、甘草酸和甘草次酸四种有效成分的释放量与混菌发酵进行比较,如图5所示。相对于单菌发酵,混菌发酵的甘草酸和甘草次酸释放量明显高于单菌发酵,黄酮的释放量明显高于乳酸菌和酵母菌、略高于芽孢杆菌,而多糖释放量没有显著性差异。综合而言,混菌发酵相对于单菌发酵具有优势。
实施例6甘草半固态发酵上清液的抑菌作用
参照实施例4中的样品的制备,参考测定指标及方法6.“抑菌活性测定”的实验过程进行各种样品的抑菌实验,结果如图6所示。发酵组相对于索氏提取和纯水摇瓶提取对大肠杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、鲍曼不动杆菌的抑制率分别提高了26.09%、4.59%、5.83%和77.06%、29.2%、45.22%;混菌和单菌的发酵上清液对三种多重耐药菌的抑菌效果对比,混菌发酵的抑菌效果要好于单菌发酵。混菌发酵相对于乳酸菌发酵、芽孢杆菌发酵、酿酒酵母菌发酵对大肠杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、鲍曼不动杆菌的抑制率分别提高了62.17%、83.71%、84.95%;17.57%、52.05%、94.08%;30.03%、1.56倍、56.18%。对三种多重耐药菌的抑制程度呈现出如下规律:大肠杆菌>肺炎克雷伯菌>鲍曼不动杆菌。
实施例7半固态发酵甘草抗氧化活性比较
参照实施例4中的样品的制备,参考测定指标及方法7.“发酵产物抗氧化活性比较”的实验过程进行各种样品的抗氧化实验,结果如图7所示。以IC50(mg VC/g样品)作为衡量不同发酵组抗氧化活性的指标,混菌发酵相对于索氏提取和纯水摇瓶提取的上清液对五种自由基清除率分别提高24.46%、25.29%、13.25%、47.71%、1.71倍和55.58%、1.61倍、1.05倍、67.07%、2.69倍,混菌发酵相对于三种单菌发酵的上清液对五种自由基清除率分别提高19.65%、28.71%、24.34%;11.23%、29.98%、62.84%;50.6%、68.38%、92.52%;4.49%、2.90倍、45.21%;2.00倍、1.00倍、2.11倍。益生菌群发酵显著增强了对氧自由基和含氧自由基的清除能力。
实施例8半固态发酵甘草对酪氨酸酶抑制率
参照实施例4中的样品的制备,参考测定指标及方法8.“酪氨酸酶的抑制”实验过程进行各种样品对酪氨酸酶抑制实验,结果如图8所示。混菌发酵、索氏提取、纯水摇瓶提取和单菌发酵的上清液对酪氨酸酶抑制率分别为61.62%、27.57%、2.08%、41.34%、20.28%、36.67%,显然混菌发酵优于其它方法。
Claims (10)
1.一种甘草益生菌群发酵液的制备方法,其特征在于,所述制备方法为使用酵母菌、乳酸菌和芽孢杆菌组成的益生菌群通过半固态发酵甘草,获得含有甘草黄酮、甘草酸、甘草次酸和多糖的发酵液。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的益生菌群中酵母菌、乳酸菌、芽孢杆菌的菌落数比例为(1-2):(1-2):(1-2)。
3.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的益生菌群中酵母菌、乳酸菌、芽孢杆菌的菌落数比例为2:1:1。
4.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的酵母菌为酿酒酵母,乳酸菌由等比例的植物乳杆菌和干酪乳杆菌组成,芽孢杆菌是等比例的地衣芽孢杆菌和枯草芽孢杆菌。
5.根据权利要求4所述的制备方法,其特征在于,益生菌群的接种量为1-5%。
6.根据权利要求4所述的制备方法,其特征在于,半固态发酵中甘草与水的质量比为1:(3-5)。
7.根据权利要求4所述的制备方法,其特征在于,半固态发酵的温度为25-37℃,转速100~300r/min。
8.权利要求1-7任一项所述的制备方法制得的发酵液。
9.权利要求8所述的发酵液作为保健食品或化妆品原料的应用。
10.根据权利要求9所述的应用,其特征在于,发酵液具有抗氧化、抑菌、抑制酪氨酸酶的作用。
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