CN116655117A - Balance construction method for water ecological system - Google Patents
Balance construction method for water ecological system Download PDFInfo
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- CN116655117A CN116655117A CN202310530386.6A CN202310530386A CN116655117A CN 116655117 A CN116655117 A CN 116655117A CN 202310530386 A CN202310530386 A CN 202310530386A CN 116655117 A CN116655117 A CN 116655117A
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/008—Sludge treatment by fixation or solidification
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/02—Biological treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
- C02F3/322—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae use of algae
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
- C02F3/327—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae characterised by animals and plants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
- C02F3/348—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used characterised by the way or the form in which the microorganisms are added or dosed
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/007—Contaminated open waterways, rivers, lakes or ponds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/04—Disinfection
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Sewage (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses a water ecological system balance construction method which comprises the steps of sewage source blocking, water source pretreatment, bottom sludge treatment, substrate improvement and submerged plant community construction, aquatic community construction, microbial community construction and later management, wherein the sewage source blocking adopts a purse net partition technology, the water source pretreatment adopts a wetland pre-purification technology, and the wetland pre-purification technology is specifically that the sewage treated by the purse net partition technology flows into a front-mounted warehouse arranged in the front section of a water ecological system construction area. The applicability of the technology in the area is demonstrated by collecting ecological environment, weather, hydrology and geological data of the area and combining the technical characteristics of the balance construction of an in-situ water ecological system, the deterioration of the current ecological environment is effectively slowed down by introducing an advanced surface water quality purification technology, and an ecological engineering restoration technology suitable for the local characteristics is gradually formed through engineering practice, so that the technology is widely popularized in the area, and the purpose of comprehensively restoring the ecological environment is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of water ecological construction, in particular to a water ecological system balance construction method.
Background
Because of strong evaporation, dry climate, sufficient sunlight and long time in certain areas of China, the annual rainfall is 72-215mm, the annual rainfall is 1312-1924mm, the annual rainfall is far lower than the annual evaporation, so that the salinity of the water body in the lake and reservoir is increased or the bottom mud is salinized after deposition due to the evaporation, the water quantity is balanced to evaporate, the requirement of agricultural irrigation is met, more than 200 drainage ditches in a yellow irrigation area are led, a large amount of farmland fertilizers, pesticides, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, COD and other pollutants are received, the concentration of the detected TN concentration of the water in the drainage ditches is 0.17-8.72mg/L, the TP concentration is 0.14-1.02mg/L, and the double threat of salinization of water and soil and agricultural non-point source pollution is faced.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a water ecological system balance construction method, which combines the technical characteristics of the in-situ water ecological system balance construction through collecting the ecological environment, weather, hydrology and geology data of the region, demonstrates the applicability of the technology in the region, effectively slows down the deterioration of the current ecological environment by introducing the advanced surface water quality purification technology, gradually forms an ecological engineering restoration technology suitable for the local characteristics through engineering practice, and is widely popularized in the region so as to achieve the purpose of comprehensively restoring the ecological environment.
The application provides a water ecological system balance construction method, which comprises the following steps: sewage source blocking, water source pretreatment, bottom sludge treatment, substrate improvement, submerged plant community construction, aquatic community construction, microbial community construction and later management and protection.
Further, the sewage source blocking adopts a purse net blocking technology, and the purse net blocking technology comprises the following specific contents:
set up the purse seine and cut off in sewage input department, the purse seine cuts off and includes: the permeable enclosure framework is fixed by piling aluminum alloy, the inner layer of the permeable enclosure framework is reinforced by aluminum wire mesh, the outer layer of the permeable enclosure framework is decorated by a polyethylene dense mesh, the super high layer is wrapped in the polyethylene dense mesh by soft polyurethane foam, and the permeable enclosure framework is provided with a set elastic space, so that the height can be automatically adjusted along with the change of the water level.
Furthermore, the water source pretreatment adopts a wetland pre-purification technology, and the wetland pre-purification technology comprises the following specific contents:
in a front-mounted warehouse arranged at the front section of a construction area of the water ecological system, emergent aquatic plants, particularly reed, are planted in the front-mounted warehouse at equal density, wherein the planting density of the reed is 16-20 plants per square meter.
Further, the specific content of the bottom sludge treatment is as follows:
digging out sludge in a construction area of the water ecological system, and carrying out disinfection, degradation and solidification treatment on the dug sludge;
and backfilling planting soil after removing silt at the bottom of the construction area of the water ecological system, wherein the volume of the backfilled planting soil per mu is the same.
Further, the substrate improvement adopts a substrate improvement technology, and the substrate improvement technology specifically comprises the following steps:
and (3) a step of: planting soil disinfection
The bleaching powder is used as a disinfectant, and the specific operation steps are as follows:
preparing sufficient bleaching powder with chlorine content of 25-30%;
preparing a sufficient amount of urea;
measuring the area of a water ecosystem construction area;
preparing bleaching solution dissolved with bleaching powder according to the measurement area, and preparing the bleaching solution according to the proportion of 5-7 kg of bleaching powder per mu, wherein the proportion of the bleaching powder to water in the bleaching solution is 1:10;
uniformly splashing the bleaching liquid according to 66 kg of bleaching liquid per mu, and standing for 24 hours after splashing;
preparing urea solution according to the measurement area, wherein the ratio of urea to water is 1:10, and the urea solution is prepared according to the ratio of 5-7 kg per mu;
uniformly splashing 66 kg of urea solution per mu, and naturally sterilizing for 5-6 days after splashing;
and (5) finishing the disinfection of the planting soil.
And II: substrate improvement
Within 3-5 days after disinfection, quantitative bacillus, photosynthetic bacteria, nitrifying bacteria and denitrifying bacteria are put into the sediment of the construction area of the water ecological system, wherein the putting density of the bacillus, the photosynthetic bacteria, the nitrifying bacteria and the denitrifying bacteria in each mu is the same, the proportion of the bacillus, the photosynthetic bacteria, the nitrifying bacteria and the denitrifying bacteria is 1:1:1, and the device for adding the microbial inoculum into the water sludge is used for putting the bacillus, the photosynthetic bacteria, the nitrifying bacteria and the denitrifying bacteria into the planting soil.
Thirdly,: trace element proportion
And adding a trace element fertilizer into the planting soil, and adding the trace element fertilizer in an equal density in a water ecological system construction area.
Further, the submerged plant community is constructed specifically as follows:
planting the bitter grass, the waterweed, the leaf-blade black algae and the goldfish algae in the water ecosystem construction area, wherein the planting density of the bitter grass is 40-60 plants per square meter, the planting density of the waterweed is 40 plants per square meter, the planting density of the leaf-blade black algae is 10-15 buds per square meter, the planting density of the leaf-blade black algae is 25-36 buds per square meter, the planting density of the goldfish algae is 7 buds per square meter and the planting density of the leaf-blade black algae is 10-gram per square meter.
Further, the aquatic community construction comprises the following specific contents:
the aquatic animals such as snails, mussels, fishes and cladocera are put into the water ecological system construction area, the putting density of each mu is the same, wherein the putting density of the snails is 2-3 per square centimeter, the putting density of the mussels is 5-6 per square centimeter, the putting density of the fishes is 10 tails per square meter, and the putting density of the cladocera is 1-2 per square centimeter.
Further, the microbial community construction comprises the following specific contents:
beneficial compound microorganisms are put into the water ecological system construction area, and the putting amount in each mu is the same.
Further, the concrete contents of the post-management and protection are as follows:
continuously monitoring the water quality;
the substrate is improved regularly according to the actual condition of water quality;
planting or cleaning submerged plants regularly according to the actual condition of water quality;
the aquatic animals are put in and cleaned regularly according to the actual condition of the water quality;
and (5) periodically adjusting the microbial community according to the actual condition of the water quality.
According to the technical scheme, the application provides a water ecological system balance construction method, the substrate of the water body is improved into important steps, and the specific contents are as follows: the substrate improvement adopts a substrate improvement technology, and the substrate improvement comprises water substrate disinfection and substrate activation, so as to eliminate or slow down the negative influence of a water substrate pollution source on a later ecological system. Before engineering implementation, the measures such as disinfection and activated sludge treatment are carried out on the water substrate sludge according to the needs, so that the purposes of killing pathogens in the original eutrophic water substrate, improving the pH value of the substrate, establishing or recovering a substrate beneficial microorganism treatment system, promoting the growth of a submerged plant community, recovering and stabilizing the system and improving the water quality purification effect are achieved.
The substrate quality improvement technology specifically comprises three parts:
and (3) a step of: planting soil disinfection
The bleaching powder is used as a disinfectant, and the specific operation steps are as follows:
preparing sufficient bleaching powder with chlorine content of 25-30%; preparing a sufficient amount of urea; measuring the area of a water ecosystem construction area; preparing bleaching solution dissolved with bleaching powder according to the measurement area, and preparing the bleaching solution according to the proportion of 5-7 kg of bleaching powder per mu, wherein the proportion of the bleaching powder to water in the bleaching solution is 1:10; uniformly splashing the bleaching liquid according to 66 kg of bleaching liquid per mu, and standing for 24 hours after splashing; preparing urea solution according to the measurement area, wherein the ratio of urea to water is 1:10, and the urea solution is prepared according to the ratio of 5-7 kg per mu; uniformly splashing 66 kg of urea solution per mu, and naturally sterilizing for 5-6 days after splashing; and (5) finishing the disinfection of the planting soil.
The quick lime is combined with urea to disinfect, and the quick lime and the urea react to generate chloramine (an oxidant with good disinfection effect, and the dichloramine and the trichlolamine contained in the oxidant have very strong toxicity), so that the quick lime can quickly kill enemy organisms and wild fish in a pond, and the quick lime is a very ideal disinfection formula.
The bottom mud disinfection engineering is to kill pathogenic bacteria on the bottom mud, and the plants are extremely easy to be wounded to different degrees in the processes of seedling lifting, packing, transportation and planting, and after the bottom mud disinfection treatment, the survival rate of the plants can be effectively improved, and the early construction period can be ensured to quickly show good water quality purification effect.
And II: substrate improvement
Within 3-5 days after disinfection, quantitative bacillus, photosynthetic bacteria, nitrifying bacteria and denitrifying bacteria are put into the sediment of the construction area of the water ecological system, wherein the putting density of the bacillus, the photosynthetic bacteria, the nitrifying bacteria and the denitrifying bacteria in each mu is the same, the proportion of the bacillus, the photosynthetic bacteria, the nitrifying bacteria and the denitrifying bacteria is 1:1:1, and the device for adding the microbial inoculum into the water sludge is used for putting the bacillus, the photosynthetic bacteria, the nitrifying bacteria and the denitrifying bacteria into the planting soil.
Beneficial microorganism colonies such as bacillus, photosynthetic bacteria, nitrifying bacteria and denitrifying bacteria are put into the sediment, and substances such as organic matters and the like which are easy to cause the sediment are rapidly decomposed into CO and HO or converted into harmless substances mainly through respiration fermentation of microorganisms, so that the polluted water body is purified. Meanwhile, the nitrogenous substances in the sediment or the water body can be effectively decomposed. The bacillus can decompose organic matters, organic sulfides, organic nitrogen and the like which generate malodorous gases, and the photosynthetic bacteria greatly improve the environment of the substrate sludge take light as energy, and can utilize organic matters, sulfides, ammonia and the like in the nature as hydrogen donors and carbon sources to carry out photosynthesis under anaerobic illumination or aerobic darkness conditions. However, the above microbial agents cannot continuously maintain the purification effect, and in addition, the addition of the microbial agents cannot restore the water ecological system of the lake body and restore the self-purification ability of the lake body, so that the selection of the microbial agents can only be used as a preliminary treatment measure for the treatment of the lake body restoration substrate sludge.
The sediment substrate quality improvement project should be carried out within 3-5 days after the sediment disinfection work is finished, and the sediment substrate quality improvement has the main functions of: organic matters and harmful substances in the soil, such as nitrate, nitrite, sulfide and the like are decomposed, the fertilizer efficiency of the original soil is improved, and the tillering reproduction of plants is promoted.
Thirdly,: trace element proportion
And adding a trace element fertilizer into the planting soil, and adding the trace element fertilizer in an equal density in a water ecological system construction area.
The soil microelement engineering is mainly used for supplementing microelements necessary for plant growth, and the microelements can effectively improve stress resistance, salt tolerance and disease resistance of plant bodies, have a hyperchromic effect on plant body leaves and also have a certain promoting effect on plant tillering. The trace element fertilizer is suitable for each growth stage of aquatic plants, can obviously improve photosynthesis of plant bodies and prolong life cycle.
The later-period management and protection process is also indispensable, and the water quality is continuously monitored;
the substrate is improved regularly according to the actual condition of water quality;
planting or cleaning submerged plants regularly according to the actual condition of water quality;
the aquatic animals are put in and cleaned regularly according to the actual condition of the water quality;
the microbial community is regulated regularly according to the actual condition of water quality, and the whole water ecological system construction area is always kept in an equilibrium state through substrate improvement, submerged plant regulation, aquatic animal regulation and microbial community regulation.
In summary, the beneficial effects of the application are as follows:
1. by adopting an in-situ water ecological system balance construction technology to comprehensively treat the water quality, the water quality of the lake water is kept in class III of the surface water environment quality standard at present, the water is clear and transparent, the water scenery landscape effect is good, and revetment plant landscape construction is also very graceful.
2. The substrate improvement process effectively improves the substrate sludge, backfills planting soil after sludge treatment, and the planting soil is suitable for growth of aquatic plants after disinfection, improvement and trace element addition, so that growth vigor of the aquatic plants is effectively ensured, and ecological balance of the whole water ecological system construction area is maintained.
3. The later-stage management and protection can continuously monitor the whole water ecological system construction area, and can timely adjust the unbalanced water ecological system construction area under the condition of continuous monitoring, so that the water quality is ensured.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application, the drawings that are necessary for the embodiments will be briefly described, and it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the balance construction of the water ecological system of the application.
Detailed Description
In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present application, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As can be seen from the above technical solution, see fig. 1.
Example 1:
a water ecological system balance construction method comprises the following steps: sewage source blocking, water source pretreatment, bottom sludge treatment, substrate improvement, submerged plant community construction, aquatic community construction, microbial community construction and later management and protection.
As a preferred implementation mode, the sewage source blocking adopts a purse net blocking technology, and the purse net blocking technology comprises the following specific contents:
set up the purse seine and cut off in sewage input department, the purse seine cuts off and includes: the permeable enclosure framework is fixed by piling aluminum alloy, the inner layer of the permeable enclosure framework is reinforced by aluminum wire mesh, the outer layer of the permeable enclosure framework is decorated by a polyethylene dense mesh, the super high layer is wrapped in the polyethylene dense mesh by soft polyurethane foam, and the permeable enclosure framework is provided with a set elastic space, so that the height can be automatically adjusted along with the change of the water level.
As a preferred implementation mode, the water source pretreatment adopts a wetland pre-purification technology, and the wetland pre-purification technology comprises the following concrete contents:
in a front-mounted warehouse arranged at the front section of a construction area of the water ecological system, emergent aquatic plants, particularly reed, are planted in the front-mounted warehouse at equal density, wherein the planting density of the reed is 16-20 plants per square meter.
Under the condition that a water source is not ideal, a front-mounted warehouse is arranged at the front section of a construction area of the water ecosystem, proper emergent aquatic plants are planned in the warehouse, and the plants can well absorb and adsorb organic matters, suspended matters, nitrogen, phosphorus and other elements in water, so that a natural barrier is provided for the stable operation of the subsequent ecosystem.
As a preferred embodiment, the bottom sludge treatment is specifically:
digging out sludge in a construction area of the water ecological system, and carrying out disinfection, degradation and solidification treatment on the dug sludge;
and backfilling planting soil after removing silt at the bottom of the construction area of the water ecological system, wherein the volume of the backfilled planting soil per mu is the same.
As a preferred embodiment, the substrate modification employs a substrate modification technique, which includes disinfection of the substrate of the water body and activation of the substrate, with the aim of eliminating or slowing down the negative impact of the pollution source of the substrate of the water body on the later ecological system. Before engineering implementation, the measures such as disinfection and activated sludge treatment are carried out on the water substrate sludge according to the needs, so that the purposes of killing pathogens in the original eutrophic water substrate, improving the pH value of the substrate, establishing or recovering a substrate beneficial microorganism treatment system, promoting the growth of a submerged plant community, recovering and stabilizing the system and improving the water quality purification effect are achieved.
The substrate quality improvement technology specifically comprises the following steps:
and (3) a step of: planting soil disinfection
The bleaching powder is used as a disinfectant, and the specific operation steps are as follows:
preparing sufficient bleaching powder with chlorine content of 25-30%;
preparing a sufficient amount of urea;
measuring the area of a water ecosystem construction area;
preparing bleaching solution dissolved with bleaching powder according to the measurement area, and preparing the bleaching solution according to the proportion of 5-7 kg of bleaching powder per mu, wherein the proportion of the bleaching powder to water in the bleaching solution is 1:10;
uniformly splashing the bleaching liquid according to 66 kg of bleaching liquid per mu, and standing for 24 hours after splashing;
preparing urea solution according to the measurement area, wherein the ratio of urea to water is 1:10, and the urea solution is prepared according to the ratio of 5-7 kg per mu;
uniformly splashing 66 kg of urea solution per mu, and naturally sterilizing for 5-6 days after splashing;
and (5) finishing the disinfection of the planting soil.
The quick lime is combined with urea to disinfect, and the quick lime and the urea react to generate chloramine (an oxidant with good disinfection effect, and the dichloramine and the trichlolamine contained in the oxidant have very strong toxicity), so that the quick lime can quickly kill enemy organisms and wild fish in a pond, and the quick lime is a very ideal disinfection formula.
The bottom mud disinfection engineering is to kill pathogenic bacteria on the bottom mud, and the plants are extremely easy to be wounded to different degrees in the processes of seedling lifting, packing, transportation and planting, and after the bottom mud disinfection treatment, the survival rate of the plants can be effectively improved, and the early construction period can be ensured to quickly show good water quality purification effect.
And II: substrate improvement
Within 3-5 days after disinfection, quantitative bacillus, photosynthetic bacteria, nitrifying bacteria and denitrifying bacteria are put into the sediment of the construction area of the water ecological system, wherein the putting density of the bacillus, the photosynthetic bacteria, the nitrifying bacteria and the denitrifying bacteria in each mu is the same, the proportion of the bacillus, the photosynthetic bacteria, the nitrifying bacteria and the denitrifying bacteria is 1:1:1, and the device for adding the microbial inoculum into the water sludge is used for putting the bacillus, the photosynthetic bacteria, the nitrifying bacteria and the denitrifying bacteria into the planting soil.
Beneficial microorganism colonies such as bacillus, photosynthetic bacteria, nitrifying bacteria and denitrifying bacteria are put into the sediment, and substances such as organic matters and the like which are easy to cause the sediment are rapidly decomposed into CO and HO or converted into harmless substances mainly through respiration fermentation of microorganisms, so that the polluted water body is purified. Meanwhile, the nitrogenous substances in the sediment or the water body can be effectively decomposed. The bacillus can decompose organic matters, organic sulfides, organic nitrogen and the like which generate malodorous gases, and the photosynthetic bacteria greatly improve the environment of the substrate sludge take light as energy, and can utilize organic matters, sulfides, ammonia and the like in the nature as hydrogen donors and carbon sources to carry out photosynthesis under anaerobic illumination or aerobic darkness conditions. However, the above microbial agents cannot continuously maintain the purification effect, and in addition, the addition of the microbial agents cannot restore the water ecological system of the lake body and restore the self-purification ability of the lake body, so that the selection of the microbial agents can only be used as a preliminary treatment measure for the treatment of the lake body restoration substrate sludge.
The sediment substrate quality improvement project should be carried out within 3-5 days after the sediment disinfection work is finished, and the sediment substrate quality improvement has the main functions of: organic matters and harmful substances in the soil, such as nitrate, nitrite, sulfide and the like are decomposed, the fertilizer efficiency of the original soil is improved, and the tillering reproduction of plants is promoted.
Thirdly,: trace element proportion
And adding a trace element fertilizer into the planting soil, and adding the trace element fertilizer in an equal density in a water ecological system construction area.
The soil microelement engineering is mainly used for supplementing microelements necessary for plant growth, and the microelements can effectively improve stress resistance, salt tolerance and disease resistance of plant bodies, have a hyperchromic effect on plant body leaves and also have a certain promoting effect on plant tillering. The trace element fertilizer is suitable for each growth stage of aquatic plants, can obviously improve photosynthesis of plant bodies and prolong life cycle.
As a preferred embodiment, the submerged plant community is constructed by the following concrete contents:
planting the bitter grass, the waterweed, the leaf-blade black algae and the goldfish algae in the water ecosystem construction area, wherein the planting density of the bitter grass is 40-60 plants per square meter, the planting density of the waterweed is 40 plants per square meter, the planting density of the leaf-blade black algae is 10-15 buds per square meter, the planting density of the leaf-blade black algae is 25-36 buds per square meter, the planting density of the goldfish algae is 7 buds per square meter and the planting density of the leaf-blade black algae is 10-gram per square meter.
The aquatic plant planting is an important link of in-situ water ecological system construction, is a key biological community for realizing self-purification and ecological restoration of water bodies, and is an important engineering part for showing beautiful water body landscapes, so that various aquatic plants suitable for growing in different water bodies and seasons are designed and configured, the landscape effect of the water bodies is improved, the biodiversity principle is maintained, and the stability of the ecological system is enhanced. Submerged plants are used as main primary producers of water bodies and have irreplaceable roles in aquatic ecosystems. When the submerged plants are rich, the water body has the characteristics of clear water quality, high dissolved oxygen, low algae density, high biodiversity and the like. On the contrary, when the submerged plants disappear and the water body is in a higher nutrition state, the algae density is high, the biodiversity is low and the water quality is turbid in the high-temperature season. Submerged plants can affect the freshwater ecosystem through a variety of pathways. Firstly, the method can consume a large amount of substances such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like in the water body, promote the deposition of nutrient substances and reduce the nutrient content of the water body; can also absorb and enrich pollutants and improve the self-cleaning capability of the water body. Secondly, many aquatic plants, especially submerged plants, release biological factors through competition with the niche, and have obvious inhibition effect on the growth of toxic algae. Meanwhile, the large submerged plants can also provide an attachment surface for the growth of indigenous species and microorganisms in the water body, and provide baits and habitat and propagation places for partial aquatic animals in the water body. In addition, the secondary oxygen generated by photosynthesis of submerged plants can kill harmful bacteria, and can generate organic floccules in water under the action of strong light to form an air floatation effect, so that the organic floccules are rapidly oxidized and decomposed, and BOD in water is reduced; and COD. Submerged vegetation is therefore the basis for maintaining the diversity of aquatic ecosystems, which plays an important role in aquatic ecosystems.
As a preferred embodiment, the aquatic community construction is as follows:
the aquatic animals such as snails, mussels, fishes and cladocera are put into the water ecological system construction area, the putting density of each mu is the same, wherein the putting density of the snails is 2-3 per square centimeter, the putting density of the mussels is 5-6 per square centimeter, the putting density of the fishes is 10 tails per square meter, and the putting density of the cladocera is 1-2 per square centimeter.
After vegetation of the water body is restored, the aquatic animals are introduced to enrich food chains, and the aquatic organisms have special positions and effects in the circulation and flow of water ecosystem substances. Has important significance for the balance stabilization of the later-stage ecological system. Therefore, it is necessary to construct a reasonable aquatic community for the needs of benign water ecosystem construction and water quality protection.
The stocking of aquatic animals fully considers the configuration structure (space-time structure and nutrition structure) of aquatic animal species, scientifically and reasonably designs the stocking mode (type, quantity, male-female ratio, individual size, feeding habit, life habit, stocking season, stocking sequence and the like) of the aquatic animals to ensure that the biomass and the biological density of various populations reach the nutrition level, and utilizes the ecological effect generated by the food chain relationship of carnivorous fish, filter feeding fish, zooplankton, algae and nutrient substances to achieve the effects of reducing the nutrient substances and purifying the water quality.
As a preferred embodiment, the microbial community construction comprises the following specific contents:
beneficial compound microorganisms are put into the water ecological system construction area, and the putting amount in each mu is the same.
Microorganisms are an important component of the water ecosystem, located at the front and end of the food chain. It can decompose the pollutant in water, consume dissolved oxygen and recover the circulating peroxygen cells, and can make the number of circulating peroxygen cells appear to make the peak PY living things absorb and adsorb. The organic matters which cannot be absorbed by other organisms are converted into inorganic components through self metabolism, so that the organic matters are utilized by aquatic plants.
The distribution of microorganisms in the water body comprises a sediment microbiota and a suspension microbiota, wherein the sediment is decomposed by the sediment microbiota, the dissolved pollutant is decomposed by the suspension microbiota, and the dissolved pollutant and the sediment are complementary to form a three-dimensional purification function. Research shows that a new landscape water body lacks enough decomposer microorganisms, so that a certain amount of microbial agents should be added into the water body, so that microorganisms decomposing organic matters are dominant communities, and mineralization of the organic matters in the water can be promoted. Microbial preparations must contain a certain amount of viable bacteria, typically requiring more than 3 hundred million viable bacteria per milliliter, and are viable. The organisms can obtain the seed sources locally as much as possible and then expand the seeds for accompanying use.
As a preferred embodiment, the concrete contents of the post-management are as follows:
continuously monitoring the water quality;
the substrate is improved regularly according to the actual condition of water quality;
planting or cleaning submerged plants regularly according to the actual condition of water quality;
the aquatic animals are put in and cleaned regularly according to the actual condition of the water quality;
and (5) periodically adjusting the microbial community according to the actual condition of the water quality.
Other embodiments of the application will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the application disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the application following, in general, the principles of the application and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the application pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope of the application being indicated by the following claims.
It is to be understood that the application is not limited to the precise arrangements and instrumentalities shown in the drawings, which have been described above, and that various modifications and changes may be effected without departing from the scope thereof. The embodiments of the present application described above do not limit the scope of the present application.
Claims (9)
1. The water ecological system balance construction method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: sewage source blocking, water source pretreatment, bottom sludge treatment, substrate improvement, submerged plant community construction, aquatic community construction, microbial community construction and later management and protection.
2. The method for constructing the balance of the water ecological system according to claim 1, wherein the sewage source blocking adopts a purse net blocking technology, and the purse net blocking technology comprises the following specific contents:
set up the purse seine and cut off in sewage input department, the purse seine cuts off and includes: the permeable enclosure framework is fixed by piling aluminum alloy, the inner layer of the permeable enclosure framework is reinforced by aluminum wire mesh, the outer layer of the permeable enclosure framework is decorated by a polyethylene dense mesh, the super high layer is wrapped in the polyethylene dense mesh by soft polyurethane foam, and the permeable enclosure framework is provided with a set elastic space, so that the height can be automatically adjusted along with the change of the water level.
3. The water ecological system balance construction method according to claim 1, wherein the water source pretreatment adopts a wetland pre-purification technology, and the wetland pre-purification technology comprises the following specific contents:
in a front-mounted warehouse arranged at the front section of a construction area of the water ecological system, sewage treated by the purse net partition technology flows into the front-mounted warehouse, emergent aquatic plants are planted in the front-mounted warehouse at equal density, the emergent aquatic plants are reed, and the planting density of reed is 16-20 plants per square meter.
4. The water ecological system balance construction method according to claim 1, wherein the bottom sludge treatment is specifically as follows:
digging out sludge in a construction area of the water ecological system, and carrying out disinfection, degradation and solidification treatment on the dug sludge;
and backfilling planting soil after removing silt at the bottom of the construction area of the water ecological system, wherein the volume of the backfilled planting soil per mu is the same.
5. The method for constructing balance of water ecological system according to claim 1, wherein the substrate improvement adopts a substrate improvement technology, and the substrate improvement technology specifically comprises:
and (3) a step of: planting soil disinfection
The bleaching powder is used as a disinfectant, and the specific operation steps are as follows:
preparing sufficient bleaching powder with chlorine content of 25-30%;
preparing a sufficient amount of urea;
measuring the area of a water ecosystem construction area;
preparing bleaching solution dissolved with bleaching powder according to a measured area, wherein the bleaching solution is prepared according to the proportion of 5-7 kg of bleaching powder per mu, and the proportion of bleaching powder to water in the bleaching solution is 1:10;
uniformly splashing the bleaching liquid according to 66 kg of bleaching liquid per mu, and standing for 24 hours after splashing;
preparing urea solution according to the measurement area, wherein the ratio of urea to water is 1:10, and the urea solution is prepared according to the ratio of 5-7 kg per mu;
uniformly splashing the urea solution according to 66 kg of urea solution per mu, and naturally sterilizing for 5-6 days after splashing;
and finishing the disinfection of the planting soil.
And II: substrate improvement
And (3) within 3-5 days after disinfection, putting quantitative bacillus, photosynthetic bacteria, nitrifying bacteria and denitrifying bacteria into the sediment of the construction area of the water ecological system, wherein the putting densities of the bacillus, the photosynthetic bacteria, the nitrifying bacteria and the denitrifying bacteria in each mu are the same, the proportion of the bacillus, the photosynthetic bacteria, the nitrifying bacteria and the denitrifying bacteria is 1:1:1, and the device for adding the microbial inoculum into the water body sludge is used for putting the bacillus, the photosynthetic bacteria, the nitrifying bacteria and the denitrifying bacteria into the planting soil.
Thirdly,: trace element proportion
And adding a trace element fertilizer into the planting soil, wherein the trace element fertilizer is subjected to isopycnic feeding in a water ecological system construction area.
6. The method for constructing balance of water ecological system according to claim 1, wherein the submerged plant community is constructed specifically as follows:
planting bitter grass, waterweed, leaf-blade black algae and goldfish algae in a water ecosystem construction area, wherein the planting density of the bitter grass is 40-60 plants per square meter, the planting density of the waterweed is 40 plants per square meter, the planting density of the leaf-blade black algae is 10-15 buds per square meter, 25-36 buds per square meter, and the planting density of the goldfish algae is 7 buds per square meter and 10 buds per square meter.
7. The method for constructing an aquatic ecosystem balance according to claim 1, wherein the aquatic community construction comprises the following specific contents:
the aquatic animals such as snails, mussels, fishes and cladocera are put into the aquatic ecosystem construction area, wherein the putting density of the snails is 2-3 per square centimeter, the putting density of the mussels is 5-6 per square centimeter, the putting density of the fishes is 10 tails per square meter, and the putting density of the cladocera is 1-2 per square centimeter.
8. The method for constructing balance of water ecosystem according to claim 1, wherein the microbial community construction comprises the following specific contents:
and putting beneficial compound microorganisms into the water ecological system construction area, wherein the putting amount of the beneficial compound microorganisms in each mu is the same.
9. The method for constructing the balance of the water ecological system according to claim 1, wherein the specific contents of the post-management are:
continuously monitoring the water quality;
the substrate is improved regularly according to the actual condition of water quality;
planting or cleaning submerged plants regularly according to the actual condition of water quality;
the aquatic animals are put in and cleaned regularly according to the actual condition of the water quality;
and (5) periodically adjusting the microbial community according to the actual condition of the water quality.
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