CN116649506A - freshwater fish feed - Google Patents

Abstract

The application discloses a freshwater fish feed, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of alfalfa, 15-25 parts of bean pulp, 8-10 parts of wheat flour, 5-7 parts of wiggler freeze-dried powder, 3-4 parts of rapeseed meal, 1 part of monocalcium phosphate, 0.1 part of compound probiotics, 0.1-0.3 part of compound vitamins, 0.4-0.5 part of salt and 0.2 part of microelements. The feed disclosed by the application is rich and various in formula, can meet the growth requirements and taste requirements of different fishes, is comprehensive in nutrition, contains vitamins and trace elements and various proteins and carbohydrates, can ensure the comprehensive nutrition of the fishes, is low in research and development cost, is easy to popularize and apply, and has practicability and economic benefit.

Description

freshwater fish feed

technical field

The invention relates to a fish feed for raising cultured fish, in particular to a feed for freshwater fish added with larvae protein.

Background technique

Freshwater fish farming is an important aquaculture industry. However, due to the influence of factors such as feed formula and feeding management, there are often the following problems:

1. Insufficient nutrients in the feed: Traditional freshwater fish feeds often have problems such as low protein content, lack of essential amino acids and trace elements, which lead to slow growth of fish, decreased immunity, and susceptibility to disease.

2. The taste of the feed is not good: the traditional freshwater fish feed usually lacks taste and fragrance, and it is difficult to stimulate the appetite of fish.

3. High feed cost: Traditional freshwater fish feed usually uses high raw material cost, and the raw material is not easy to obtain, resulting in high feed cost.

Contents of the invention

The present invention consists in providing a feed for freshwater fish which alleviates the above-mentioned problems.

In order to alleviate the above-mentioned problems, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is as follows:

A freshwater fish feed, comprising the following components by weight: 50-60 parts of alfalfa, 15-25 parts of soybean meal, 8-10 parts of wheat flour, 5-7 parts of larvae freeze-dried powder, 3-4 parts of rapeseed meal, phosphoric acid 1 part of calcium dihydrogen, 0.1 part of compound probiotics, 0.1-0.3 parts of multivitamins, 0.4-0.5 parts of table salt, and 0.2 parts of trace elements.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the preparation method of larvae freeze-dried powder includes: using straw to ferment, cultivating larvae, one cultivation cycle per square meter on average, water temperature 16°C, air temperature 20°C, crushing and freezing the obtained larvae.

In actual operation, an average of one cultivation cycle per square meter can cultivate about 2 kg of fresh larvae, and the total output of one production cycle per mu can reach 1000-1300 kg. Experimental results show that dry larvae contain 62.6% of crude protein and crude fat 25.3%:

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the preparation method of the freshwater fish feed comprises: processing alfalfa into powder, then alfalfa powder, soybean meal, wheat flour, larvae freeze-dried powder, rapeseed meal, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, Add compound probiotics, compound vitamins, salt and trace elements into a blender, add appropriate amount of water and stir evenly, then dry and cool to obtain freshwater fish feed; appropriate amount of water refers to the amount of water that can stir all components evenly.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the alfalfa powder is 350-450 mesh fine powder.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the drying temperature is 75°C.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the water added is capable of submerging all components in the mixer.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the stirring speed of the stirrer is greater than 100 r/min.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:

In the feed of the present invention, a high-quality protein source, i.e. larvae, is added, which can increase the protein content of the feed, thereby meeting the growth needs of different fish. At the same time, adding these proteins can also improve the taste and fragrance of the feed, and increase the appetite of fish ;

In the feed of the present invention, a variety of plant components are added, which can provide complex carbohydrates, cellulose and trace elements required by fish, thereby ensuring the overall nutrition of fish and increasing the taste and fragrance of fish;

Compound vitamins and trace elements are also added in the feed of the present invention, which can promote the bone growth and health of fish, and can also enhance the resistance of fish and prevent diseases;

The invention uses alfalfa, soybean meal, wheat flour, larvae and rapeseed meal as raw materials, the raw materials are easy to obtain, non-toxic and cheap, the proportion of formula components is reasonable, and the nutrition is balanced, which can better promote the cultivation of freshwater fish. In this invention, alfalfa and larvae are used to replace traditional soybean flour, which can drive other related industries in agriculture and rural areas;

The feed preparation method of the present invention is simple and easy, and can be adjusted according to the growth requirements of different fish. For example, the proportion of larvae can be properly adjusted within the range of parts by weight, which can increase the protein content of the feed, and can be supplemented with an appropriate amount of compound vitamins and trace elements. To ensure the healthy growth of fish, proper addition of plant-based ingredient alfalfa within the weight range can increase the cellulose content of feed and promote intestinal digestion and absorption of fish;

The formula of the invention is rich and varied, which can meet the growth needs and taste requirements of different fish. The feed has comprehensive nutrition, including vitamins, trace elements, various proteins and carbohydrates, which can ensure the overall nutrition of fish. The cost of feed research and development is low, and it is easy to Popularization and application have practicality and economic benefits.

In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the embodiments of the present invention are specifically cited below and described in detail as follows.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all Example.

Experimental example

The invention discloses a freshwater fish feed, which comprises, by weight, alfalfa, soybean meal, wheat flour, larvae freeze-dried powder, rapeseed meal, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, compound probiotics, compound vitamins, salt and trace elements.

In this embodiment, Feed 1, Feed 2 and Feed 3 were prepared according to the proportions by weight shown in Table 1.

Table 1

Element Feed 1 Feed 2 Feed 3 Alfalfa 50 55 60 soybean meal 20 22.5 25 wheat flour 8 9 10 widow 5 6 7 rapeseed meal 3 3.5 4 Calcium Dihydrogen Phosphate 1 1 1 Compound Probiotics 0.1 0.1 0.1 multi-vitamins 0.1 0.2 0.3 salt 0.4 0.45 0.5 trace elements 0.2 0.2 0.2

The methods for preparing Feed 1, Feed 2 and Feed 3 are:

Add each component into the mixer in proportion, add an appropriate amount of water to immerse all the components, stir evenly, dry (drying temperature is 75° C.), and cool to obtain freshwater fish feed 1-3. Among them, the alfalfa is superfinely pulverized into 350-450 mesh micropowder and then mixed with other components.

comparative example

Feed 4 is prepared. Feed 4 is a traditional feed. It includes 35 parts of soybean flour, 25 parts of wheat flour, 0.1 part of compound probiotics and 0.2 part of salt in parts by weight. All components can be submerged, stirred evenly, dried (drying temperature is 75° C.), and cooled to obtain freshwater fish feed 4.

Feeds 1-4 were used to raise freshwater fish, and for each feed, the specific feeding methods were as follows:

After the freshwater fish were kept for 10 days, fry with strong physique and similar specifications were randomly selected as fish for the test. The test experiment was carried out in ecological breeding ponds 1-4, and 30 bighead carp of similar size were selected for each group. The average water temperature of the breeding water is 27.8±0.8°C, 24 hours of continuous aeration and oxygenation, the dissolved oxygen is kept above 6mg/L, pH7.5-8.0, and the feed is fed twice a day (the feeding time is 7:00, 16:00, respectively). 00), the feeding amount was the same. Regularly add or replace an appropriate amount of aquaculture water, and find dead fish to be fished out and weighed in time. After breeding for 15 days, the body weights of bighead carp fed with different feed groups were measured respectively, and the weight gain rate of each group was calculated, and the data was the average value of all values.

The average values of initial weight, final weight and weight gain rate of fish cultured in each culture pond are shown in Table 2.

Table 2

test group initial weight g Final weight g Weight gain% Feed 1 25.2 82.8 228.5714 Feed 2 25.6 85.3 233.2031 Feed 3 25.1 88.2 251.3944 Feed 4 25.0 79.4 217.6

Weight gain rate: [(final weight-initial weight)/initial weight]*100%.

Table 2 shows that the fish feed prepared by the present invention can improve the palatability of the feed, induce fish to eat the feed, thereby increasing the food intake of the fish, and can also provide nutrients for the fish to promote the growth of the fish.

The application adopts alfalfa, soybean meal, larvae freeze-dried powder and rapeseed meal, wherein alfalfa crude protein is an essential nutrient for livestock and poultry, and crude fat is a main source of heat energy, which can improve the palatability of feed. NDF and ADF in alfalfa are important feed nutrition indicators to ensure the milk fat rate. NDF determines the feed intake rate, and ADF determines the digestibility. The content of NDF in alfalfa is 57.0-34.3%, and ADF is 51.4-38.8%. At the same time, alfalfa contains calcium and phosphorus and other trace elements. At the same time, the larvae freeze-dried powder is added to provide and supplement the polyunsaturated fatty acids required for the growth of freshwater fish, effectively reducing the original cost economically.

At the same time, larvae can be used as live feed for fish breeding. The larvae reproduce quickly and have high nutritional value. According to our experiments, the dry matter contains 62.6% of crude protein and 25.3% of crude fat. The open bait is also a high-quality feed for fish such as salmon, sturgeon, mandarin fish, carp, crucian carp, loach, salamander and eel. Cultivating good seeds can also provide long-term stable high-quality animal feed for aquatic products, reduce breeding costs, improve breeding benefits and grow quality. Along with the rapid development of the breeding industry of famous, high-quality and special aquatic products, animal baits such as Zizi are more and more favored by the majority of farmers. The output of cultivating seedlings is stable and high. On average, one cultivation cycle per square meter can cultivate about 2 kilograms of fresh seedlings. The total amount of one production cycle per mu can reach 1000-1300 kilograms. According to the lowest price of fresh bait for juvenile fish in the current market Calculated at 20 yuan per kilogram, the output value per mu can reach 20,000-26,000 yuan, and only the larvae can make a net profit of 15,000-20,000 yuan.

The smell of alfalfa is attractive to fish, and it is rich in small molecule amino acids, peptides, nucleotides, vitamins and other natural active ingredients. Wheat germ peptides are rich in active small molecular peptides and free nucleotides, which can significantly improve the antioxidant activity of grass carp meat, increase the content of flavor substances (nucleotides) in fish meat, and make the meat more delicious.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and changes. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A feed for freshwater fish, characterized in that it comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of alfalfa, 15-25 parts of soybean meal, 8-10 parts of wheat flour, 5-7 parts of larvae freeze-dried powder, rapeseed meal 3-4 parts, 1 part of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.1 part of compound probiotics, 0.1-0.3 parts of multivitamins, 0.4-0.5 parts of table salt, and 0.2 parts of trace elements. 2. The freshwater fish feed according to claim 1, characterized in that, the preparation method of larvae freeze-dried powder comprises: using straw to ferment, cultivating larvae, an average of one cultivation cycle per square meter, water temperature 16°C, air temperature 20°C, The obtained larvae were crushed and frozen. 3. freshwater fish feed according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the preparation method of described freshwater fish feed comprises: alfalfa is processed into powder, then alfalfa powder, soybean meal, wheat flour, larvae freeze-dried powder, rapeseed meal , calcium dihydrogen phosphate, compound probiotics, multivitamins, salt and trace elements are added to the blender, and an appropriate amount of water is added to stir evenly, then dried and cooled to obtain freshwater fish feed; appropriate amount of water means that each component can be stirred evenly of water. 4. The freshwater fish feed according to claim 3, characterized in that the alfalfa powder is a fine powder of 350-450 mesh. 5. The freshwater fish feed according to claim 3, characterized in that the drying temperature is 75°C. 6. Freshwater fish feed according to claim 3, characterized in that the added water is capable of submerging all components in the mixer. 7. The freshwater fish feed according to claim 3, characterized in that, the stirring speed of the agitator is greater than 100r/min.