CN116640730A - 一种tcr-t细胞、制备方法及应用 - Google Patents
一种tcr-t细胞、制备方法及应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种TCR‑T细胞、制备方法及应用,属于细胞治疗技术领域。其中,制备方法包括:通过含SARS‑CoV‑2抗原的载体刺激T细胞,得到特异性靶向SARS‑CoV‑2抗原的TCR‑T细胞。本发明通过SARS‑CoV‑2抗原刺激T细胞所得到的识别SARS‑COV‑2抗原的特异性TCR‑T细胞可作为通用型TCR‑T细胞,因其不靶向受体(病人)来源的抗原,从而不会导致GVHD反应,最大可能降低异体来源T细胞引起的GVHD。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于细胞治疗技术领域,特别是涉及一种TCR-T细胞、制备方法及应用。
背景技术
过继T细胞治疗,即通过向患者回输抗原特异性T细胞,是一种有效的癌症和病毒性感染治疗手段。用于过继细胞治疗的T细胞一般需要对抗原特异性T细胞进行体外扩增,和/或者对T细胞进行基因工程编辑。回输病毒抗原特异性T细胞,用于治疗移植相关的病毒感染已是一种较成熟的治疗方案[(Riddell et al.,1992)]。分离并回输肿瘤特异性T细胞已被成功用于治疗黑色素瘤。
CAR-T细胞,即嵌合抗原受体T细胞,是过继T细胞治疗的一种类型。CAR-T细胞是通过对患者的T细胞进行改造(其中,改造的手段通常为:导入能编码识别肿瘤特异性抗原的受体基因和帮助T细胞激活的各基因片段,形成CAR-T细胞),再将改造后的T细胞经体外扩增培养后,被回输到患者体内,一旦遇见表达对应抗原的肿瘤细胞,便会被激活并再扩增,发挥其极大的特异杀伤力。如专利WO2019052577A1公布的一种个性化或者通用型CAR-T细胞,是利用CRISPR/Cas9系统对T细胞进行单基因(TRAC、B2M或PD-1)、双基因(TRAC和B2M)及三基因(TRAC,B2M及PD-1)敲除。这些经过基因编辑的T细胞可以为针对不同靶点的CAR或TCR提供通用T细胞,使得基因改造的T细胞可以作为药物随时应用于需要的病人。然而,该现有技术是在前期制备的T细胞材料基础上向T细胞中引入嵌合抗原受体而制备得的癌细胞表面抗原靶向杀伤T细胞(CAR-T),还存在的缺点有:所靶向的抗原限定表达于肿瘤细胞表面;CAR-T细胞通常对血液瘤更有效,而对实体瘤效果有待进一步提高;CAR-T引入的是人为改造的基因,机体对CAR的排斥会更强,可能会缩短CAR-T的存活时间。
TCR-T,即T细胞受体(TCR)嵌合型T细胞。它是向T细胞中导入预先筛选的高抗原识别能力TCR,增强T细胞的肿瘤攻击能力,达到治疗肿瘤的效果。TCR-T对肿瘤靶细胞的识别不依赖于特异性表面抗原,它特异性识别经剪切加工被HLA呈递于细胞表面的抗原HLA复合体。2022年1月,FDA批准tebentafusp-tebn(Kimmtrak,Immunocore L imited),一种靶向gp100肽-HLA和CD3的双特异性细胞接合剂,用于HLA-A*02:01阳性的无法切除或转移性葡萄膜黑色素瘤。这是全球首款获批的实体瘤类TCR-T疗法。
当前,商业化工程T细胞产品制造是高度个性化的,其细胞产品都来源于自体外周血αβ-TCR-T细胞[(Chow et al.,2018;Mo et al.,2021)]。然而,自体TCR-细胞制备耗时且造价昂贵,通常需要2-5周,病人病情进展迅速,难以承受制备失败产生的后果。因此,以自体细胞为来源所制备的T细胞产品,其主要劣势在于:放疗和化疗等前期治疗会影响病人自体来源细胞起始材料的质量和产量;不同病人间的差异不可控;受限于制备周期,病人用药等待期较长;病人个性化产品,造价昂贵,病人用药可及性不够高。
“现货型”TCR-T细胞是使用同种异体健康供血者来源的T细胞制备而成的TCR-T细胞,又被称为“现货”型(off-the-shelf)或通用型。通常情况下,是从健康的捐赠者体内收集T细胞或直接使用干细胞来源的T细胞,进行HLA配型后,将已设计并成功验证的TCR装载至该T细胞表面。通用TCR-T细胞疗法的使用可提供简化的工程细胞制造,甚至可允许创建“现货”产品,促进更快速和更便宜的治疗。实现“现货”概念的TCR-T细胞,理论上可以如同“药品”一般,随时可供使用,无需等待。然而,异体TCR-T细胞的潜在风险在于,供体和受体HLA不完全配型会促发免疫识别,导致移植物排斥反应、移植物抗肿瘤反应(非特异性)和移植物抗宿主疾病(GVHD)。GVHD是细胞移植治疗副反应的主要因素,其中αβT细胞在急性和慢性GVHD中起主导作用。
因此,本技术领域需要一款可以降低移植物排斥反应和移植物抗宿主疾病的通用型TCR-T细胞。
发明内容
为解决上述现有技术中存在的问题,本发明提供了一种TCR-T细胞、制备方法及应用。本发明采用含有识别SARS-COV-2抗原的TCR-T细胞作为通用型TCR-T细胞,可以有效降低受体产生的移植物排斥反应和移植物抗宿主疾病(GVHD)。具体内容如下:
第一方面,本发明提供了一种TCR-T细胞的制备方法。所述方法包括:通过含SARS-CoV-2抗原的载体刺激T细胞,得到特异性靶向SARS-CoV-2抗原的TCR-T细胞。
在一些实施例中,所述制备方法还包括:用肿瘤抗原特异性TCR慢病毒感染所述特异性靶向SARS-CoV-2抗原的TCR-T细胞,得到同时特异性靶向SARS-CoV-2抗原和肿瘤抗原的TCR-T细胞。
在一些实施例中,所述方法还包括:敲除所述同时特异性靶向SARS-CoV-2抗原和肿瘤抗原的TCR-T细胞中的B2M基因,得到敲除B2M基因的同时特异性靶向SARS-CoV-2抗原和肿瘤抗原的TCR-T细胞。
在一些实施例中,所述肿瘤源于肺癌、肝细胞癌、淋巴瘤、结肠癌、大肠癌、乳腺癌、卵巢癌、宫颈癌、胃癌、胆管癌、胆囊癌、食管癌、肾癌、神经胶质瘤、黑色素瘤、胰腺癌以及前列腺癌中的任意一种。
在一些实施例中,所述T细胞为异体健康供血者的PBMC。
在一些实施例中,所述载体为肽段、质粒、包含SARS-CoV-2抗原信息的递呈细胞、病毒和纳米-人工抗原递呈磁珠中的一种或多种。
在一些实施例中,所述SARS-CoV-2抗原由以下分型中的任意一种或多种HLA-I型分子限制性递呈:
HLA-A*01:01、HLA-A*02:01、HLA-A*03:01、HLA-A*11:01、HLA-A*24:02、HLA-A*07:01、HLA-A*08:01、HLA-A*07:02、HLA-A*40:01。
在一些实施例中,所述SARS-CoV-2抗原来源于以下任意一种或多种蛋白:
ORF1、ORF2 spi、ORF6、ORF3、ORF9 nuc、ORF7、ORF4 env、ORF5 mem、ORF8。
第二方面,本发明提供了上述第一方面所述制备方法制备得到的TCR-T细胞。
第三方面,本发明提供了一种TCR-T细胞在治疗和/或预防肿瘤疾病上的应用。所述TCR-T细胞是上述第一方面所述方法制备的TCR-T细胞。
本发明基于当下全球人类的体内几乎均有SARS-COV-2抗原特异性T细胞的因素,采用含有识别SARS-COV-2抗原的特异性TCR T细胞作为通用型TCR-T细胞,可以有效降低受体产生的移植物排斥反应和移植物抗宿主疾病(GVHD)。同时,由于SARS-COV-2多肽可被多种不同的HLA限制性递呈,因此本发明提供的TCR-T细胞在制备时具有健康供血者筛选来源更广的优点。由此可知,本发明所提供的TCR-T细胞为通用型、现货型,具有成本低、受众广的优点。
附图说明
图1示出了本发明实施例1制备TCR-T细胞的制备流程示意图;
图2示出了本发明实施例1中TCR-T细胞HLA-I敲除效率检测结果;
图3示出了本发明实施例1的制备过程中不同时间点检测抗原特异性TCR-T细胞比例的结果;
图4示出了本发明实施例2中TCR-T细胞对靶细胞的裂解结果;
图5示出了本发明实施例3中TCR-T细胞在刺激后细胞因子的分泌检测结果;
图6示出了本发明实施例4中各组肿瘤重量的实验结果;
图7示出了本发明实施例4中各组抑瘤率的实验结果;
图8示出了本发明实施例4中各组小鼠的存活结果。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂,下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。下面对本发明的实施例作详细说明,本实施例在以本发明技术方案为前提下进行实施,给出了详细的实施方式和具体的操作过程,但本发明的保护范围不限于下述的实施例。
本发明的各个方面详细描述于以下各实施例。实施例的用途不是要限制本发明。每个实施例可以应用于本发明的任何方面。在本申请中,除非另外说明,“或”的使用表示“和/或”。
Nelde等人证实,T细胞免疫反应是机体控制病毒感染的重要手段,SARS-COV-2来源的不同多肽可被不同亚型的HLA限制性递呈,从而激活抗原特异性T细胞(Nelde et al.,2021)。因此,靶向SARS-COV-2的抗原特异性TCR-T细胞在健康人群中广泛存在,本发明选用靶向SARS-COV-2的抗原特异性TCR-T细胞作为供体来源的抗原特异性T细胞,提供了一种通用性TCR-T细胞。具体内容如下:
第一方面,本发明实施例提供了一种TCR-T细胞的制备方法。该方法包括:通过含SARS-CoV-2抗原的载体刺激T细胞,得到特异性靶向SARS-CoV-2抗原的TCR-T细胞。
其中,为了得到较多的特异性较好的特异性靶向SARS-CoV-2抗原的TCR-T细胞,在刺激时,含SARS-CoV-2抗原的载体的浓度范围可以为:1~20μM。例如,浓度为1μM、2μM、3μM、4μM、6μM、8μM、10μM、12μM、15μM、17μM、20μM。
本发明基于当下全球人类的体内几乎均有SARS-COV-2抗原特异性TCR-T细胞的因素,采用含有识别SARS-COV-2抗原的特异性TCR-T细胞作为通用型TCR-T细胞,在其基础上引入肿瘤抗原特异性TCR,并敲除B2M基因后在应用过程中可以有效降低受体产生的移植物排斥反应和移植物抗宿主疾病(GVHD)。同时,本发明实施例所提供的TCR-T细胞还具有以下优势:
1、由于SARS-COV-2多肽可被多种不同的HLA限制性递呈(该结论在文献Nelde,A.,et al.(2021).中已被证实),因此本发明提供的TCR-T细胞在制备时具有健康供血者筛选来源更广的优点。
2、相比自体TCR-T细胞而言,本发明所提供的通用型TCR-T细胞制造成本更低,且为现货型,病人用药可及性高、受众广。
3、COVID19对于癌症患者人群的健康威胁巨大,本发明所提供的TCR-T细胞在应用中能同时靶向SARS-COV-2抗原和肿瘤特异性抗原,因而该TCR-T细胞除能杀伤受体内肿瘤外,还能靶向SARS-COV-2感染的细胞。
在一些实施例中,该制备方法还包括:用肿瘤抗原特异性TCR慢病毒感染所述特异性靶向SARS-CoV-2抗原的TCR-T细胞,得到同时特异性靶向SARS-CoV-2抗原和肿瘤抗原的TCR-T细胞。
其中,在感染时,肿瘤抗原特异性TCR慢病毒的MOI(感染复数)值大于1。
本实施例中,TCR-T在细胞免疫治疗中所使用的抗原为肿瘤特异性抗原,不受细胞表面表达的限制,可以为细胞内抗原,对肿瘤细胞的精准靶向性更强,可选靶点更广。相较于CAR-T,TCR-T更容易向实体瘤内部渗透。并且,TCR-T引入的是完全人源化的结构,不易引起机体的免疫排斥,抗抗体产生的概率低。
在一些实施例中,该方法还包括:敲除所述同时特异性靶向SARS-CoV-2抗原和肿瘤抗原的TCR-T细胞中的B2M基因,得到敲除B2M基因的同时特异性靶向SARS-CoV-2抗原和肿瘤抗原的TCR-T细胞。
本实施例中,提供的T细胞中TCR为抗原特异性且已敲除B2M基因。因此,本发明实施例提供的TCR-T细胞有效削弱了受体对移植物的排斥反应,增加了移植细胞在受体中的持续存活。并且,相较于背景技术中需敲除2个以上的基因的现有技术而言,本实施例提供的只需敲除1个基因的技术可以很大程度地降低基因编辑风险和难度。
同时,相较于文献(Chapuis et al.,2019)公布的方法(由于该文献中未敲掉B2M基因,因而对供体筛选要求较高,存在的排斥风险较大,故在实际操作中需要筛选MHC配型,这样的话,可以使用的原材料就相对较少),本发明实施例敲掉了B2M基因,因而在实际操作中就不需要筛选MHC配型,从而使可用原材料的占比增大。
需要指出的是:供体来源T细胞MHC限制性递呈供体抗原,可被受体T细胞识别,从而引起宿主免疫排斥。MHC I类分子。MHC I类分子由2个亚基组成:高度多态性的跨膜重链和一个小的恒定多肽,由B2M基因编码的β2-微球蛋白(β2-m)。MHC I类重链在细胞表面的表达需要其与β2-m结合。因此,TCR-T细胞中β2-m表达的消除能抑制MHC I类分子表达,削弱宿主细胞毒性T淋巴细胞(CTL)对供体细胞的杀伤作用。
在一些实施例中,肿瘤源于肺癌、肝细胞癌、淋巴瘤、结肠癌、大肠癌、乳腺癌、卵巢癌、宫颈癌、胃癌、胆管癌、胆囊癌、食管癌、肾癌、神经胶质瘤、黑色素瘤、胰腺癌以及前列腺癌中的任意一种。
在一些实施例中,T细胞为异体健康供血者的PBMC。
在一些实施例中,载体为肽段、质粒、包含SARS-CoV-2抗原信息的递呈细胞、病毒和纳米-人工抗原递呈磁珠中的一种或多种。
在一些实施例中,所述SARS-CoV-2抗原由以下分型中的任意一种或多种HLA-I型分子限制性递呈:
HLA-A*01:01、HLA-A*02:01、HLA-A*03:01、HLA-A*11:01、HLA-A*24:02、HLA-A*07:01、HLA-A*08:01、HLA-A*07:02、HLA-A*40:01。
本实施例中提供的上述分型,主要参考于文献Nelde,A.,Bilich,T.,Heitmann,J.S.,Maringer,Y.,Salih,H.R.,Roerden,M.,Lubke,M.,Bauer,J.,Rieth,J.,Wacker,M.,Peter,A.,Horber,S.,Traenkle,B.,Kaiser,P.D.,Rothbauer,U.,Becker,M.,Junker,D.,Krause,G.,Strengert,M.,Schneiderhan-Marra,N.,Templin,M.F.,Joos,T.O.,Kowalewski,D.J.,Stos-Zweifel,V.,Fehr,M.,Rabsteyn,A.,Mirakaj,V.,Karbach,J.,Jager,E.,Graf,M.,Gruber,L.C.,Rachfalski,D.,Preuss,B.,Hagelstein,I.,Marklin,M.,Bakchoul,T.,Gouttefangeas,C.,Kohlbacher,O.,Klein,R.,Stevanovic,S.,Rammensee,H.G.,&Walz,J.S.(2021).SARS-CoV-2-derived peptides defineheterologous and COVID-19-induced T cell recognition.Nat Immunol,22(1),74-85.。
在一些实施例中,SARS-CoV-2抗原来源于以下任意一种或多种蛋白:
ORF1、ORF2 spi、ORF6、ORF3、ORF9 nuc、ORF7、ORF4 env、ORF5 mem、ORF8。
具体可以为以下任意一种或多种的组合:
TTDPSFLGRY、LTDEMIAQY、RTFKVSIWNLDY、ALSKGVHFV、LLLLDRLNQL、KLFAAETLK、QLRARSVSPK、KTFPPTEPKK、ASMPTTIAK、ATEGALNTPK、VYIGDPAQL、QYIKWPWYI、VYFLQSINF、FYVYSRVKNL、DYKHWPQIAQF、FPRGQGVPI、NPANNAAIVL、TPKYKFVRI、FVKHKHAFL、DLKGKYVQI、EAFEKMVSL、SELVIGAVIL、YEGNSPFHPL、LEYHDVRVVL、MEVTPSGTWL、IEYPIIGDEL、YYQLYSTQL、NRFLYIIKL、QRNAPRITF。
本实施例中提供的上述抗原肽序列,主要参考于文献Nelde,A.,Bilich,T.,Heitmann,J.S.,Maringer,Y.,Salih,H.R.,Roerden,M.,Lubke,M.,Bauer,J.,Rieth,J.,Wacker,M.,Peter,A.,Horber,S.,Traenkle,B.,Kaiser,P.D.,Rothbauer,U.,Becker,M.,Junker,D.,Krause,G.,Strengert,M.,Schneiderhan-Marra,N.,Templin,M.F.,Joos,T.O.,Kowalewski,D.J.,Stos-Zweifel,V.,Fehr,M.,Rabsteyn,A.,Mirakaj,V.,Karbach,J.,Jager,E.,Graf,M.,Gruber,L.C.,Rachfalski,D.,Preuss,B.,Hagelstein,I.,Marklin,M.,Bakchoul,T.,Gouttefangeas,C.,Kohlbacher,O.,Klein,R.,Stevanovic,S.,Rammensee,H.G.,&Walz,J.S.(2021).SARS-CoV-2-derived peptides defineheterologous and COVID-19-induced T cell recognition.Nat Immunol,22(1),74-85.。
在一些实施例中,所述TCR-T细胞为已敲除B2M基因的TCR-T细胞。
具体实施时,TCR-T细胞为已敲除B2M基因的TCR-T细胞。
第二方面,本发明实施例提供了上述第一方面所述制备方法制备得到的TCR-T细胞。
第三方面,本发明实施例提供了一种TCR-T细胞在治疗和/或预防肿瘤疾病上的应用。所述TCR-T细胞是上述第一方面所述方法制备的TCR-T细胞。
为了使本领域技术人员更好地理解本发明实施例提供的TCR-T细胞,下面通过具体实施例进行详细阐述。其中,所用试剂和仪器,若未作特别说明,则均为现有的商业化产品,可直接购买。并且,为了便于本领域技术人员理解本发明的发明构思和方便申请人表达,以下各具体实施例中的肿瘤选用黑色素瘤,但本发明不仅限于黑色素瘤这一种癌症。
本实施例中涉及的供体筛选、PBMC采集,是对健康供血者进行了告知,双方签署了知情同意书。
实施例1.TCR-T细胞的制备
由于SARS-COV-2来源多肽可被不同HLA亚型限制性递呈,因而本实施例根据健康供血者HLA分型不同,选用不同的多肽对PBMC进行刺激。需要指出的是:本实施例中所用的各个抗原肽,是先依据表1中所列的序列确定序列模板,再基于确定的序列模板委托第三方制备成所需的抗原肽。
图1示出了本发明实施例1制备TCR-T细胞的制备流程示意图。下面参照图1所示流程,对制备TCR-T细胞的具体步骤进行详细阐述。
采集健康供血者外周血2ml,用于高通量测序后HLA-I分型,筛选符合HLA-A*01:01、HLA-A*02:01、HLA-A*03:01、HLA-A*11:01、HLA-A*24:02、HLA-B*08:01、HLA-B*40:01、HLA-C*07:02分型的8位供血者。对该8位健康供血者进行体检。体检应满足以下要求:
健康供血者的血常规和血生化基本正常,其中白细胞、血小板、血钙应在正常范围内;健康供血者的凝血功能、心电图基本正常;健康供血者乙肝、丙肝、艾滋、梅毒以及新冠病毒检测阴性;健康供血者无正在发展的感染;经采集护士评估,健康供血者的血管通路良好。
采集符合上述体检条件的健康供血者PBMC,体外循环血量≥2000mL(本实施例中为2000mL)。将采集的PBMC以培养基(45% RPMI-1640,45% AIM-V,10%FBS;Protaminesulfate(10μg/ml),IL-2(50IU/ml),IL-21(30ng/ml),IL-7(5ng/ml)and IL-15(1ng/ml))重悬至5E5/mL;
根据健康供血者HLA-I分型结果,按照下表1所示的S蛋白抗原肽刺激PBMC,S蛋白抗原肽终浓度10μM;
表1.HLA及多肽信息
多肽序列 | 蛋白 | HLA限制性 |
ALSKGVHFV | ORF3 | A*02:01 |
抗原特异性TCR表达和B2M敲除的具体操作为:S蛋白抗原肽刺激1天和2天后,300g离心10分钟去除培养基,加入MART-1抗原特异性TCRα-P2A-TCRβ(慢病毒,MOI≤3)(本实施例仅以MART1特异性TCR作为示例,可根据HLA-A分型和靶向不同,选用筛选并经过验证的抗原特异性TCR),30℃条件下900g离心90分钟。随后37℃培养5天后,300g离心10分钟搜集PBMC后计数,电转B2M-sgRNA和Cas9 RNA,离心洗涤,再加入对应的S蛋白抗原肽(终浓度10μM)刺激PBMC后培养7天。
本实施例中,电转条件为:Pulse:Square Wave,Voltage:500V,Time:5ms,Cuvette:4mm,Volume 400ul,RNA:10ug/106cells;B2M-sgRNA:cas9 RNA=4:1。
HLA-I-/COV2-四聚体+/抗原四聚体+分选的具体操作为:a、培养至第12天后,取2E6 PBMC检测CD8+T(BV421)细胞中HLA-I(W6/32,FITC)表达,敲除效率的检测时间是敲除后的第5天,图2示出了本发明实施例14中TCR-T细胞HLA-I敲除效率检测结果,如图2所示,HLA-I敲除效率大于80%;b、以MART-1抗原特异性-四聚体(APC)、供血者HLA限制性SARS-CoV-2多肽-四聚体(PE)和抗HLA-I(W6/32,FITC)标记目的细胞群(该目的细胞群即为:敲除B2M,同时特异性靶向SARS-CoV-2抗原和MART-1抗原的抗原特异性CD8+T细胞),在临床级流式分选平台上,分选FITC-/APC+/PE+目的细胞群,并进行cGMP级细胞制备,分选细胞纯度应大于95%;c、参照文献[Ichikawa,J.,et al.(2020).]制备纳米-人工抗原递呈磁珠颗粒(nano-aAPC),分别将MART-1抗原肽和SARS-CoV-2抗原肽荷载至对应的HLA_纳米-人工抗原递呈磁珠颗粒,根据使用量将分别荷载MART-1抗原肽和SARS-CoV-2抗原肽的HLA_纳米-人工抗原递呈磁珠等比例混合,调整浓度至10OD/mL;d、将步骤b中分选的抗原特异性CD8+T细胞调整至浓度为1E8细胞/mL,按照nano-aAPC和CD8+T细胞1:5的比例,加入步骤c中等比例混合后的nano-aAPC,4℃孵育1小时,随后加入培养基重悬细胞,300g离心10分钟弃上清后重悬培养(培养基);e、培养14天后(培养基:45% RPMI-1640,45% AIM-V,10% FBS;4ng/mL IL2,0.3ng/mL IL4,0.4ng/mL IL6,0.2ng/mL IL1β,and 1ng/mL IFNγ),搜集细胞计数,根据细胞需求量决定是否重复d步骤。
成品制备:继上述步骤e的操作,培养完成后搜集培养细胞,300g离心10分钟弃上清后进行活细胞计数,以冻存液重悬至1E7细胞/mL,分装至冻存袋中,每袋20mL(2E8细胞),将冻存袋转移至程序降温仪降温至约-195℃后储存至液氮气相待使用。
质检放行:质检项目包括:无菌、内毒素、HLA-I(阴性占比>85%)、MART-1抗原肽四聚体特异性T细胞(阳性占比>80%)、SARS-CoV-2抗原肽四聚体特异性T细胞(阳性占比>80%)、MART-1抗原肽四聚体特异性TCR拷贝数(每个细胞≤5拷贝)、慢病毒G蛋白DNA拷贝数(每个细胞≤5拷贝)等。
在制备过程中,针对不同时间点,检测抗原特异性TCR T细胞比例。图3示出了本发明实施例1的制备过程中不同时间点检测抗原特异性TCR-T细胞比例的结果。如图3所示,培养12天分选前,PBMC中MART-1或者SARS-COV-2抗原特异性CD8+T细胞占比较少;通过流式分选后得到的MART1和SARS-COV-2抗原双特异性T细胞(即双抗原特异性T细胞)的占比超过90%;继续扩增14天后,MART-1和SARS-COV-2抗原双特异性T细胞占比仍能维持在50%以上。(图3中,MART-1-四聚体:PE;SARS-COV-2-四聚体:FITC)。
实施例2.制备的TCR-T细胞的MART-1(HLA-A*02:01限制性)特异性TCR功能验证
CD8+T细胞中过表达TCR后,以不同比例与靶细胞混合共培养,检测TCR-T细胞特异性杀伤效率。其中,天然缺失HLA-I的OVCAR8细胞作为阴性对照,OVCAR8和OVCAR8-HLA*02:01细胞提前孵育MART-1多肽(10μM)4小时后作为杀伤靶细胞。
图4示出了本发明实施例2中TCR-T细胞对靶细胞的裂解结果。图4中,E表示TCR-T效应细胞,T表示OVCAR8靶细胞。如图4所示,MART-1(HLA-A*02:01限制性)特异性TCR-T细胞,对于天然缺失HLA-I的OVCAR8细胞是不具有明显杀伤功能的,而对于OVCAR8-HLA*02:01细胞具有明显的杀伤功能。由此可知,本实施例制备的MART-1(HLA-A*02:01限制性)特异性TCR-T细胞是具有杀伤作用的(如HLA*02:01OVCAR8细胞)。
实施例3.TCR-T细胞细胞因子分泌检测
以分别荷载MART-1抗原和SARS-COV-2抗原的nano-aAPC,分别刺激实施例1制备的TCR-T细胞(即MART-1和SARS-COV-2抗原双特异性T细胞),分别检测IFN-γ,TNF-α和IL-2分泌细胞百分比。
图5示出了本发明实施例3中TCR-T细胞在刺激后细胞因子的分泌检测结果。如图5所示,一方面,实施例1制备的TCR-T细胞在受到荷载MART-1抗原的nano-aAPC刺激后,IFN-γ和TNF-α的分泌量均超过60%,并且相对于对照组而言,IL-2的分泌量也明显增多,约为10%;另一方面,实施例1制备的TCR-T细胞在受到荷载SARS-COV-2抗原的nano-aAPC刺激后,IFN-γ的分泌量约为50%,TNF-α的分泌量约为25%,IL-2的分泌量约为8%,相对于对照组而言,IFN-γ、TNF-α和IL-2的分泌量均增高。即,实施例1制备的TCR-T细胞能有效地响应MART1和SARS-COV-2的抗原刺激,具有杀伤功能。
实施例4.TCR-T细胞的体内药效评估
我们选用OVCAR8(表达HLA-A*02:01和MART-1抗原)模拟MART-1肿瘤细胞,皮下接种免疫缺陷小鼠(NOG-dKO)构建荷瘤模型,然后以不同T细胞治疗并观察小鼠存活。其中,实验组的T细胞为实施例1制备的TCR-T细胞,对照组的T细胞为不过表达MART-1TCR的CD8+T细胞,空白组为PBS组。每组5只小鼠,每只小鼠以5E6 T细胞进行治疗。
实验动物:种属&品系:MHC class I-and class II-deficient NOG(简称NOG-dKO),NOG背景为NOD/Shi-PrkdcscidIl2rγtm1Sug/Jic。
图6示出了本发明实施例4中各组肿瘤重量的实验结果。由图6所示的实验结果可知,实验组的小鼠肿瘤明显低于PBS组和对照组。也就是说,本申请制备的TCR-T细胞对肿瘤有明显的杀伤作用。
图7示出了本发明实施例4中各组抑瘤率的实验结果。图7中,展示了实验终点的抑瘤率检测;其中,以对照组为基准点,计算实验组抑瘤率。由图7所示的实验结果可知,TCR-T细胞有一定的抑瘤率。
图8示出了本发明实施例4中各组小鼠的存活结果。由图8所示的实验结果可知,PBS组和对照组的小鼠分别在40天和50天时,小鼠全部死亡,而实验组小鼠可以存活到第80天。由此可知,本实施例1制备的TCR-T细胞具有一定的抑瘤效果,可延长小鼠的存活时间。
对于方法实施例,为了简单描述,故将其都表述为一系列的动作组合,但是本领域技术人员应该知悉,本发明并不受所描述的动作顺序的限制,因为依据本发明,某些步骤可以采用其他顺序或者同时进行。其次,本领域技术人员也应该知悉,说明书中所描述的实施例均属于优选实施例,所涉及的动作和部件并不一定是本发明所必须的。
以上对本发明所提供的一种TCR-T细胞、制备方法及应用进行了详细介绍,本文中应用了具体个例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述,以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想;同时,对于本领域的一般技术人员,依据本发明的思想,在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处,综上所述,本说明书内容不应理解为对本发明的限制。
Claims (10)
1.一种TCR-T细胞的制备方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括:通过含SARS-CoV-2抗原的载体刺激T细胞,得到特异性靶向SARS-CoV-2抗原的TCR-T细胞。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述载体为肽段、质粒、包含SARS-CoV-2抗原信息的递呈细胞、病毒和纳米-人工抗原递呈磁珠中的一种或多种。
3.根据权利要求1-2任一所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述制备方法还包括:用肿瘤抗原特异性TCR慢病毒感染所述特异性靶向SARS-CoV-2抗原的TCR-T细胞,得到同时特异性靶向SARS-CoV-2抗原和肿瘤抗原的TCR-T细胞。
4.根据权利要求3所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括:敲除所述同时特异性靶向SARS-CoV-2抗原和肿瘤抗原的TCR-T细胞中的B2M基因,得到敲除B2M基因的同时特异性靶向SARS-CoV-2抗原和肿瘤抗原的TCR-T细胞。
5.根据权利要求3-4任一所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述肿瘤源于肺癌、肝细胞癌、淋巴瘤、结肠癌、大肠癌、乳腺癌、卵巢癌、宫颈癌、胃癌、胆管癌、胆囊癌、食管癌、肾癌、神经胶质瘤、黑色素瘤、胰腺癌以及前列腺癌中的任意一种。
6.根据权利要求1-5任一所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述T细胞为异体健康供血者的PBMC。
7.根据权利要求1-6任一所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述SARS-CoV-2抗原由以下分型中的任意一种或多种HLA-I型分子限制性递呈:
HLA-A*01:01、HLA-A*02:01、HLA-A*03:01、HLA-A*11:01、HLA-A*24:02、HLA-A*07:01、HLA-A*08:01、HLA-A*07:02、HLA-A*40:01。
8.根据权利要求1-7任一所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述SARS-CoV-2抗原来源于以下任意一种或多种蛋白:
ORF1、ORF2 spi、ORF6、ORF3、ORF9 nuc、ORF7、ORF4 env、ORF5 mem、ORF8。
9.一种TCR-T细胞,所述细胞是由权利要求1-8任意一项所述制备方法制备得到的TCR-T细胞。
10.一种如权利要求9所述的TCR-T细胞在治疗和/或预防肿瘤疾病上的应用。
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