CN116631707B - Ageing-resistant fireproof power cable and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Ageing-resistant fireproof power cable and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116631707B CN116631707B CN202310906051.XA CN202310906051A CN116631707B CN 116631707 B CN116631707 B CN 116631707B CN 202310906051 A CN202310906051 A CN 202310906051A CN 116631707 B CN116631707 B CN 116631707B
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
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Classifications
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- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
- H01B7/29—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
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- C08K2003/385—Binary compounds of nitrogen with boron
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
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- C08K2201/011—Nanostructured additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
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- C08L2203/20—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets
- C08L2203/202—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets use in electrical wires or wirecoating
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/14—Extreme weather resilient electric power supply systems, e.g. strengthening power lines or underground power cables
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an aging-resistant fireproof power cable and a preparation method thereof, wherein an insulating layer is formed by extruding insulating materials outside a conductor, namely a wire core, and a plurality of wire cores are taken and twisted into a cable core; then extruding and wrapping composite gel on the surface of the cable core to form a gel layer, and then forming a polyvinylidene fluoride coating on the surface of the gel layer through a plasma discharge technology; and finally, coating an armor layer on the surface of the polyvinylidene fluoride coating. The power cable has excellent ageing resistance and good fireproof effect, can meet long-term use requirements, and is higher in safety.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power cable processing, and particularly relates to an aging-resistant fireproof power cable and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Along with the development of economy and society, the demand of the fireproof power cable is increased, and the fireproof power cable has extremely wide application in civil and military aspects, such as a residence, an oil depot and a combat command system, and the fireproof power cable is kept away from the residential and military aspects, so that the smooth power and communication in a period of time when a fire disaster occurs is ensured, the basis is provided for rescue work, and the life and property safety of people is ensured.
The most common fireproof power cables in the market at present mainly comprise fireproof cables based on magnesium oxide minerals, fireproof cables based on mica tape wrapping and fireproof cables based on ceramic silicone rubber. The first two fireproof cables can reach class A fireproof standard, namely, under the test temperature of 950-1000 ℃, the additional voltage is 500V, and the current is 3A, so that the normal power supply can be kept for 90min and more. However, the two fireproof cables have complex production process, low production efficiency, high cost and difficult construction. Fire-resistant cables based on mica tape wrapping are also very vulnerable to damage when bent. The final fireproof cable based on the ceramic silicone rubber can not meet the class A fireproof standard, and has very high linear density and very high requirement on installation radiation.
In addition, the fire-proof power cable has high emergency requirement, so that the performance of the fire-proof power cable is ensured to be stable for a long time, and the ageing resistance of the fire-proof power cable is particularly important.
The patent application CN114694886A discloses an impact-resistant corrosion-resistant fireproof cable, which comprises a cable core layer, an insulating layer and a wear-resistant layer from inside to outside, wherein 1, 3-dinitrile propylene, nickel bromide solution and triphthalic anhydride benzene are mixed for primary carbonization to form polyimide and nickel crystal grains with hyperbranched structures, and the wear-resistant layer is prepared; and preparing an insulating layer by using the silica sol, sequentially wrapping the insulating layer and the wear-resistant layer on the surface of the cable core layer, and then performing supercritical auxiliary secondary carbonization by using the hydroxyphenylboric acid to form compact borosilicate glass, carbon nanowires and phenolic compounds, thereby preparing the impact-resistant corrosion-resistant fireproof cable. The cable obtained by the patent has the advantages of general fireproof performance and general ageing resistance, and has great progress room.
Patent application CN109401027a discloses a preparation method of a stretch-proof high-strength fireproof cable, which comprises the preparation of an outer sheath and the preparation of an insulating layer, wherein the preparation of the outer sheath comprises (1) melt blending: mixing polyolefin, plant ash, a silane coupling agent, stearic acid and electrolytic zinc acid leaching slag according to the proportion, stirring for 10min at the speed of 600r/min, and then melt-blending for 10min at 170 ℃ to obtain a sizing material; (2) crosslinking; (3) granulating; (4) preparing a protective sleeve; (5) preparing a cable: and (3) using the outer sleeve obtained in the step (4) for the outermost layer of the cable to obtain the high-strength fireproof cable. The fireproof cable obtained by the patent has good fireproof performance, but has poor ageing resistance, so that the long-term use safety is greatly reduced, and the long-term use requirement of the fireproof power cable cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention aims to provide an aging-resistant fireproof power cable and a preparation method thereof, which have excellent aging resistance and good fireproof effect.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the preparation method of the ageing-resistant fireproof power cable comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Firstly, extruding insulating materials outside a conductor to form an insulating layer, namely a wire core, and twisting a plurality of wire cores into a cable core;
(2) Then extruding and wrapping composite gel on the surface of the cable core to form a gel layer, and then forming a polyvinylidene fluoride coating on the surface of the gel layer through a plasma discharge technology;
(3) Finally, coating an armor layer on the surface of the polyvinylidene fluoride coating to obtain the power cable;
the insulating material is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-90 parts of methyl vinyl MQ silicon resin, 15-25 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 8-10 parts of nano aluminum silicate, 5-7 parts of nickel-nano titanium oxide-nano boron nitride compound and 0.8-1 part of benzoyl peroxide;
the composite gel is prepared by taking isopropyl silicate, tetrabutyl zirconate and aluminum sec-butoxide as raw materials, carrying out hydrolysis reaction, then adding fibrous nano zinc borate, uniformly mixing and aging.
Preferably, in the step (1), the conductor is obtained by taking aluminum alloy or copper as a raw material and smelting, continuous casting and rolling, wire drawing, annealing and stranding.
Preferably, in the step (1), the temperature of the extruded insulating material is 110-120 ℃, and the extruded insulating material is vulcanized for 4-5 hours at 180-200 ℃ after the extrusion is completed.
Preferably, in the step (2), the temperature of the extrusion composite gel is 60-70 ℃, and the curing treatment is carried out after the extrusion is finished, wherein the specific process conditions are as follows: the temperature is 90-100 ℃, the pressure is 15-18 MPa, and the time is 35-45 minutes.
Preferably, in the step (2), the preparation method of the polyvinylidene fluoride coating comprises the following steps: firstly, placing a cable core forming a gel layer in a plasma vacuum reaction cavity, then introducing difluoroethylene at 200-300 mu L/min, and starting plasma discharge while introducing difluoroethylene, wherein the introducing time of difluoroethylene and the plasma discharge time are 1200-1300 s.
It is further preferable that the frequency of the plasma discharge is 700 to 900Hz and the pulse width is 200 to 300. Mu.s.
Preferably, in the step (3), the armor layer is a steel belt or an annealed copper corrugated pipe.
Preferably, the preparation method of the insulating material comprises the following steps: mixing the methyl vinyl MQ silicon resin, the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, the nano aluminum silicate and the nickel-nano titanium oxide-nano boron nitride compound according to the formula amount, placing the mixture into an internal mixer for banburying, adding the benzoyl peroxide according to the formula amount, and uniformly mixing to obtain the composite.
Further preferably, the banburying temperature is 75-85 ℃ and the banburying time is 2-3 hours.
Preferably, the nickel-nano titanium oxide-nano boron nitride compound is prepared by the following method: firstly dispersing nano boron nitride in absolute ethyl alcohol by ultrasonic, then adding glacial acetic acid and triethylamine, stirring and mixing uniformly, dropwise adding tetrabutyl titanate, stirring and mixing uniformly, transferring into a reaction kettle, stirring and reacting for 18-20 hours at 70-80 ℃, adding nickel chloride hexahydrate at the stirring rate of 20000-30000 r/min, adjusting pH value to 11-12, dropwise adding 1-2 mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, heating to 120-130 ℃ after the dropwise adding is finished, preserving heat and stirring for 1-2 hours, naturally cooling to room temperature, centrifuging to obtain precipitate, washing and drying to obtain the nano boron nitride; wherein, the molar ratio of the nanometer boron nitride to the tetrabutyl titanate to the nickel chloride hexahydrate is 1:0.6 to 0.8:0.08 to 0.1, the mass ratio of the nanometer boron nitride to the absolute ethyl alcohol to the glacial acetic acid to the triethylamine to the sodium hydroxide is 1:10 to 12:10 to 12:1 to 1.2:0.08 to 0.1.
Preferably, the composite gel is prepared by the following method in parts by weight: firstly dispersing isopropyl silicate in absolute ethyl alcohol to obtain isopropyl silicate dispersion liquid with the mass concentration of 20-30%, dispersing tetrabutyl zirconate in absolute ethyl alcohol to obtain tetrabutyl zirconate dispersion liquid with the mass concentration of 20-30%, dispersing aluminum sec-butoxide in ethanol water solution with the volume concentration of 85-95% to obtain aluminum sec-butoxide dispersion liquid with the mass concentration of 20-30%, mixing the isopropyl silicate dispersion liquid, the tetrabutyl zirconate dispersion liquid and the aluminum sec-butoxide dispersion liquid to obtain a mixed solution, adding 30-40 parts of absolute ethyl alcohol and 0.3-0.5 part of concentrated nitric acid with the mass concentration of 65-68% into 100 parts of the mixed solution, stirring and mixing uniformly, continuing to add 20-30 parts of acetone, 10-15 parts of aniline and 0.4-0.6 part of water, stirring and hydrolyzing, adding 3-4 parts of fibrous nano zinc borate, stirring uniformly, aging and performing supercritical drying to obtain the aluminum sec-butoxide nano zinc borate; wherein, the mol ratio of the isopropyl silicate to the tetrabutyl zirconate to the aluminum sec-butoxide is 1: 2-3: 0.8 to 1.
It is further preferable that the aging is carried out at 50 to 55℃for 50 to 60 hours, and the solution is replaced with absolute ethanol every 12 hours.
Preferably, the fibrous nano zinc borate is prepared by the following method: firstly adding zinc oxide into a boric acid solution with the mass concentration of 20-30%, adding concentrated ammonia water with the mass concentration of 22-25% while stirring, stirring and dispersing uniformly, then adding distilled water, stirring and mixing uniformly, stirring and reacting for 8-10 hours at the temperature of 85-95 ℃, centrifuging, taking precipitate, washing and drying to obtain the zinc oxide-zinc oxide composite material; the molar ratio of zinc oxide to boron contained in the boric acid solution is 1:2, the dosage of the concentrated ammonia water and the distilled water is respectively 0.3 to 0.5 times and 10 to 15 times of the weight of the zinc oxide.
An aging-resistant fireproof power cable is obtained by the preparation method.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention firstly extrudes insulating materials outside conductors to form insulating layers, namely wire cores, and a plurality of wire cores are taken and twisted into a cable core; then extruding and wrapping composite gel on the surface of the cable core to form a gel layer, and then forming a polyvinylidene fluoride coating on the surface of the gel layer through a plasma discharge technology; and finally, coating an armor layer on the surface of the polyvinylidene fluoride coating to obtain the power cable. The power cable has excellent ageing resistance and good fireproof effect, can meet long-term use requirements, and is higher in safety.
The insulating material is prepared by mixing the following raw materials: methyl vinyl MQ silicon resin, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, nano aluminum silicate, nickel-nano titanium oxide-nano boron nitride compound and benzoyl peroxide. The insulating material has good insulating effect on the cable core, so that the conductors in the cable core are insulated from the surrounding environment. The nano aluminum silicate and the nickel-nano titanium oxide-nano boron nitride compound are added, the nano aluminum silicate has a certain fireproof effect, the nickel-nano titanium oxide-nano boron nitride compound is modified on the surface of nano boron nitride after tetrabutyl titanate is hydrolyzed, and is doped with nickel, so that the nano boron nitride has good ageing resistance and fire resistance, and the nickel doping is combined, and the ageing resistance and fireproof effect are improved by the synergistic effect of the three.
The composite gel is prepared by taking isopropyl silicate, tetrabutyl zirconate and aluminum sec-butoxide as raw materials, carrying out hydrolysis reaction, then adding fibrous nano zinc borate, uniformly mixing and aging. The mixed gel of silicon dioxide, zirconium dioxide and aluminum oxide is formed by hydrolyzing isopropyl silicate, tetrabutyl zirconate and aluminum sec-butoxide, and fibrous nano zinc borate is doped, so that the gel has good ageing resistance and fireproof effect, and has synergistic effect with gel components, and the pore structure of the gel is assisted, so that the gel plays a role in physical isolation, and the product has good ageing resistance and fireproof effect.
The preparation method of the polyvinylidene fluoride coating comprises the following steps: firstly, placing a cable core forming a gel layer in a plasma vacuum reaction cavity, then introducing difluoroethylene, and starting plasma discharge while introducing difluoroethylene. The polyvinylidene fluoride coating has a certain protection effect on the gel structure on one hand, and has a certain isolation effect on the other hand, and the polyvinylidene fluoride coating cooperates with the gel layer and the insulating layer to further improve the ageing resistance and the fireproof effect of the product.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will clearly and fully describe the technical aspects of the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.
All goods in the invention are purchased through market channels unless specified otherwise.
Example 1
The preparation method of the ageing-resistant fireproof power cable comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Firstly, taking aluminum alloy as a raw material, smelting, continuous casting and rolling, wiredrawing, annealing and stranding to obtain a conductor, extruding insulating materials outside the conductor to form an insulating layer, namely a wire core, and stranding a plurality of wire cores into a cable core;
(2) Then extruding and wrapping composite gel on the surface of the cable core to form a gel layer, and then forming a polyvinylidene fluoride coating on the surface of the gel layer through a plasma discharge technology;
(3) Finally, cladding an armor layer (annealed copper corrugated pipe) on the surface of the polyvinylidene fluoride coating to obtain the power cable;
wherein, the insulating material is prepared by mixing the following raw materials: 80g of methyl vinyl MQ silicon resin, 15g of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 8g of nano aluminum silicate, 5g of nickel-nano titanium oxide-nano boron nitride compound and 0.8g of benzoyl peroxide;
the composite gel is prepared by taking isopropyl silicate, tetrabutyl zirconate and aluminum sec-butoxide as raw materials, carrying out hydrolysis reaction, then adding fibrous nano zinc borate, uniformly mixing and aging.
In the step (1), the temperature of the extruded insulating material is 110 ℃, and the extruded insulating material is vulcanized for 4 hours at 180 ℃ after the extrusion is finished.
In the step (2), the temperature of the extrusion composite gel is 60 ℃, and the curing treatment is carried out after the extrusion is finished, wherein the specific process conditions are as follows: the temperature is 90 ℃, the pressure is 15MPa, and the time is 35 minutes.
In the step (2), the preparation method of the polyvinylidene fluoride coating comprises the following steps: the cable core forming the gel layer is placed in a plasma vacuum reaction cavity, then 200 mu L/min of difluoroethylene is introduced, plasma discharge is started while the difluoroethylene is introduced, and the introduction time of the difluoroethylene and the discharge time of the plasma are 1200s. The plasma discharge frequency was 700Hz and the pulse width was 200. Mu.s.
The preparation method of the insulating material comprises the following steps: mixing the methyl vinyl MQ silicon resin, the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, the nano aluminum silicate and the nickel-nano titanium oxide-nano boron nitride compound according to the formula amount, placing the mixture into an internal mixer for banburying, adding the benzoyl peroxide according to the formula amount, and uniformly mixing to obtain the composite. The banburying temperature is 75 ℃ and the banburying time is 2 hours.
The nickel-nano titanium oxide-nano boron nitride compound is prepared by the following method: firstly dispersing nano boron nitride in absolute ethyl alcohol by ultrasonic, then adding glacial acetic acid and triethylamine, stirring and mixing uniformly, dropwise adding tetrabutyl titanate, stirring and mixing uniformly, transferring into a reaction kettle, stirring and reacting for 18 hours at 70 ℃, adding nickel chloride hexahydrate at the stirring rate of 20000r/min, adjusting pH to be 11, dropwise adding 1mol/L sodium hydroxide solution dropwise, heating to 120 ℃ after the dropwise adding is finished, preserving heat and stirring for 1 hour, naturally cooling to room temperature, centrifuging, taking precipitate, washing and drying to obtain the nano boron nitride; wherein, the molar ratio of the nanometer boron nitride to the tetrabutyl titanate to the nickel chloride hexahydrate is 1:0.6:0.08, the mass ratio of nano boron nitride to absolute ethyl alcohol to glacial acetic acid to triethylamine to sodium hydroxide is 1:10:10:1:0.08.
The composite gel is prepared by the following method: firstly dispersing isopropyl silicate in absolute ethyl alcohol to obtain isopropyl silicate dispersion liquid with the mass concentration of 20%, dispersing tetrabutyl zirconate in absolute ethyl alcohol to obtain tetrabutyl zirconate dispersion liquid with the mass concentration of 20%, dispersing aluminum sec-butoxide in ethanol water solution with the volume concentration of 85% to obtain aluminum sec-butoxide dispersion liquid with the mass concentration of 20%, mixing the isopropyl silicate dispersion liquid, the tetrabutyl zirconate dispersion liquid and the aluminum sec-butoxide dispersion liquid to obtain a mixed solution, adding 30g of absolute ethyl alcohol and 0.3g of concentrated nitric acid with the mass concentration of 65% into 100g of the mixed solution, stirring and mixing uniformly, continuing to add 20g of acetone, 10g of aniline and 0.4g of water, stirring and hydrolyzing, adding 3g of fibrous nano zinc borate, stirring uniformly, aging for 50 hours at 50 ℃, replacing the solution with absolute ethyl alcohol every 12 hours, and performing supercritical drying to obtain the nano zinc borate; wherein, the mol ratio of the isopropyl silicate to the tetrabutyl zirconate to the aluminum sec-butoxide is 1:2:0.8.
the fibrous nano zinc borate is prepared by the following method: firstly adding zinc oxide into a boric acid solution with the mass concentration of 20%, adding concentrated ammonia water with the mass concentration of 22% while stirring, stirring and dispersing uniformly, then adding distilled water, stirring and mixing uniformly, stirring and reacting for 8 hours at 85 ℃, centrifuging to obtain precipitate, washing and drying to obtain the zinc oxide; the molar ratio of zinc oxide to boron contained in the boric acid solution is 1:2, the consumption of the concentrated ammonia water and the distilled water is respectively 0.3 times and 10 times of the weight of the zinc oxide.
Example 2
The preparation method of the ageing-resistant fireproof power cable comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Firstly, taking aluminum alloy as a raw material, smelting, continuous casting and rolling, wiredrawing, annealing and stranding to obtain a conductor, extruding insulating materials outside the conductor to form an insulating layer, namely a wire core, and stranding a plurality of wire cores into a cable core;
(2) Then extruding and wrapping composite gel on the surface of the cable core to form a gel layer, and then forming a polyvinylidene fluoride coating on the surface of the gel layer through a plasma discharge technology;
(3) Finally, cladding an armor layer (annealed copper corrugated pipe) on the surface of the polyvinylidene fluoride coating to obtain the power cable;
wherein, the insulating material is prepared by mixing the following raw materials: 90g of methyl vinyl MQ silicon resin, 25g of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 10g of nano aluminum silicate, 7g of nickel-nano titanium oxide-nano boron nitride compound and 1g of benzoyl peroxide;
the composite gel is prepared by taking isopropyl silicate, tetrabutyl zirconate and aluminum sec-butoxide as raw materials, carrying out hydrolysis reaction, then adding fibrous nano zinc borate, uniformly mixing and aging.
In the step (1), the temperature of the extruded insulating material is 120 ℃, and the extruded insulating material is vulcanized for 5 hours at 200 ℃ after the extrusion is completed.
In the step (2), the temperature of the extrusion composite gel is 70 ℃, and the curing treatment is carried out after the extrusion is finished, wherein the specific process conditions are as follows: the temperature is 100 ℃, the pressure is 18MPa, and the time is 45 minutes.
In the step (2), the preparation method of the polyvinylidene fluoride coating comprises the following steps: the cable core forming the gel layer is placed in a plasma vacuum reaction cavity, then 300 mu L/min of difluoroethylene is introduced, plasma discharge is started while the difluoroethylene is introduced, and the introduction time of the difluoroethylene and the discharge time of the plasma are 1300s. The plasma discharge frequency was 900Hz and the pulse width was 300. Mu.s.
The preparation method of the insulating material comprises the following steps: mixing the methyl vinyl MQ silicon resin, the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, the nano aluminum silicate and the nickel-nano titanium oxide-nano boron nitride compound according to the formula amount, placing the mixture into an internal mixer for banburying, adding the benzoyl peroxide according to the formula amount, and uniformly mixing to obtain the composite. The banburying temperature is 85 ℃ and the banburying time is 3 hours.
The nickel-nano titanium oxide-nano boron nitride compound is prepared by the following method: firstly dispersing nano boron nitride in absolute ethyl alcohol by ultrasonic, then adding glacial acetic acid and triethylamine, stirring and mixing uniformly, dropwise adding tetrabutyl titanate, stirring and mixing uniformly, transferring into a reaction kettle, stirring and reacting for 20 hours at 80 ℃, adding nickel chloride hexahydrate at the stirring rate of 30000r/min, adjusting pH to be 12, dropwise adding 2mol/L sodium hydroxide solution dropwise, heating to 130 ℃ after the dropwise adding is finished, preserving heat and stirring for 2 hours, naturally cooling to room temperature, centrifuging to obtain precipitate, washing and drying to obtain the nano boron nitride; wherein, the molar ratio of the nanometer boron nitride to the tetrabutyl titanate to the nickel chloride hexahydrate is 1:0.8:0.1, the mass ratio of nano boron nitride to absolute ethyl alcohol to glacial acetic acid to triethylamine to sodium hydroxide is 1:12:12:1.2:0.1.
The composite gel is prepared by the following method: firstly dispersing isopropyl silicate in absolute ethyl alcohol to obtain an isopropyl silicate dispersion liquid with the mass concentration of 30%, dispersing tetrabutyl zirconate in absolute ethyl alcohol to obtain a tetrabutyl zirconate dispersion liquid with the mass concentration of 30%, dispersing aluminum sec-butoxide in an ethanol water solution with the volume concentration of 95% to obtain an aluminum sec-butoxide dispersion liquid with the mass concentration of 20-30%, mixing the isopropyl silicate dispersion liquid, the tetrabutyl zirconate dispersion liquid and the aluminum sec-butoxide dispersion liquid to obtain a mixed solution, adding 40g of absolute ethyl alcohol and 0.5g of 68% concentrated nitric acid with the mass concentration into 100g of the mixed solution, stirring and mixing uniformly, continuing to add 30g of acetone, 15g of aniline and 0.6g of water, stirring and hydrolyzing, adding 4g of fibrous nano zinc borate, stirring uniformly, aging for 60 hours at 55 ℃, replacing the solution with absolute ethyl alcohol once every 12 hours, and performing supercritical drying to obtain the aluminum silicate nano zinc borate; wherein, the mol ratio of the isopropyl silicate to the tetrabutyl zirconate to the aluminum sec-butoxide is 1:3:1.
the fibrous nano zinc borate is prepared by the following method: firstly adding zinc oxide into a boric acid solution with the mass concentration of 30%, adding concentrated ammonia water with the mass concentration of 25% while stirring, stirring and dispersing uniformly, then adding distilled water, stirring and mixing uniformly, stirring and reacting for 10 hours at 95 ℃, centrifuging to obtain precipitate, washing and drying to obtain the zinc oxide; the molar ratio of zinc oxide to boron contained in the boric acid solution is 1:2, the consumption of the concentrated ammonia water and the distilled water is respectively 0.5 times and 15 times of the weight of the zinc oxide.
Example 3
The preparation method of the ageing-resistant fireproof power cable comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Firstly, taking aluminum alloy as a raw material, smelting, continuous casting and rolling, wiredrawing, annealing and stranding to obtain a conductor, extruding insulating materials outside the conductor to form an insulating layer, namely a wire core, and stranding a plurality of wire cores into a cable core;
(2) Then extruding and wrapping composite gel on the surface of the cable core to form a gel layer, and then forming a polyvinylidene fluoride coating on the surface of the gel layer through a plasma discharge technology;
(3) Finally, cladding an armor layer (annealed copper corrugated pipe) on the surface of the polyvinylidene fluoride coating to obtain the power cable;
wherein, the insulating material is prepared by mixing the following raw materials: 80g of methyl vinyl MQ silicon resin, 25g of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 8g of nano aluminum silicate, 7g of nickel-nano titanium oxide-nano boron nitride compound and 0.8g of benzoyl peroxide;
the composite gel is prepared by taking isopropyl silicate, tetrabutyl zirconate and aluminum sec-butoxide as raw materials, carrying out hydrolysis reaction, then adding fibrous nano zinc borate, uniformly mixing and aging.
In the step (1), the temperature of the extruded insulating material is 120 ℃, and the extruded insulating material is vulcanized for 5 hours at 180 ℃ after the extrusion is completed.
In the step (2), the temperature of the extrusion composite gel is 60 ℃, and the curing treatment is carried out after the extrusion is finished, wherein the specific process conditions are as follows: the temperature is 100 ℃, the pressure is 15MPa, and the time is 45 minutes.
In the step (2), the preparation method of the polyvinylidene fluoride coating comprises the following steps: the cable core forming the gel layer is placed in a plasma vacuum reaction cavity, then 200 mu L/min of difluoroethylene is introduced, plasma discharge is started while the difluoroethylene is introduced, and the introduction time of the difluoroethylene and the discharge time of the plasma are 1300s. The frequency of the plasma discharge was 700Hz and the pulse width was 300. Mu.s.
The preparation method of the insulating material comprises the following steps: mixing the methyl vinyl MQ silicon resin, the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, the nano aluminum silicate and the nickel-nano titanium oxide-nano boron nitride compound according to the formula amount, placing the mixture into an internal mixer for banburying, adding the benzoyl peroxide according to the formula amount, and uniformly mixing to obtain the composite. The banburying temperature is 75 ℃ and the banburying time is 3 hours.
The nickel-nano titanium oxide-nano boron nitride compound is prepared by the following method: firstly dispersing nano boron nitride in absolute ethyl alcohol by ultrasonic, then adding glacial acetic acid and triethylamine, stirring and mixing uniformly, dropwise adding tetrabutyl titanate, stirring and mixing uniformly, transferring into a reaction kettle, stirring and reacting for 20 hours at 70 ℃, adding nickel chloride hexahydrate at the stirring rate of 20000r/min, adjusting pH to be 12, dropwise adding 1mol/L sodium hydroxide solution dropwise, heating to 130 ℃ after the dropwise adding is finished, preserving heat and stirring for 1 hour, naturally cooling to room temperature, centrifuging to obtain precipitate, washing and drying to obtain the nano boron nitride; wherein, the molar ratio of the nanometer boron nitride to the tetrabutyl titanate to the nickel chloride hexahydrate is 1:0.8:0.08, the mass ratio of nano boron nitride to absolute ethyl alcohol to glacial acetic acid to triethylamine to sodium hydroxide is 1:12:10:1.2:0.08.
The composite gel is prepared by the following method: firstly dispersing isopropyl silicate in absolute ethyl alcohol to obtain isopropyl silicate dispersion liquid with the mass concentration of 20%, dispersing tetrabutyl zirconate in absolute ethyl alcohol to obtain tetrabutyl zirconate dispersion liquid with the mass concentration of 30%, dispersing aluminum sec-butoxide in ethanol water solution with the volume concentration of 95% to obtain aluminum sec-butoxide dispersion liquid with the mass concentration of 20%, mixing the isopropyl silicate dispersion liquid, the tetrabutyl zirconate dispersion liquid and the aluminum sec-butoxide dispersion liquid to obtain a mixed solution, adding 40g absolute ethyl alcohol and 0.3g concentrated nitric acid with the mass concentration of 68% into 100g mixed solution, stirring and mixing uniformly, continuing to add 20g acetone, 15g aniline and 0.4g water, stirring and hydrolyzing, adding 4g fibrous nano zinc borate, stirring uniformly, aging for 60 hours at 50 ℃, replacing the solution with absolute ethyl alcohol every 12 hours, and performing supercritical drying to obtain the nano zinc borate; wherein, the mol ratio of the isopropyl silicate to the tetrabutyl zirconate to the aluminum sec-butoxide is 1:2:1.
the fibrous nano zinc borate is prepared by the following method: firstly adding zinc oxide into a boric acid solution with the mass concentration of 20%, adding concentrated ammonia water with the mass concentration of 25% while stirring, stirring and dispersing uniformly, then adding distilled water, stirring and mixing uniformly, stirring and reacting for 10 hours at 85 ℃, centrifuging to obtain precipitate, washing and drying to obtain the zinc oxide; the molar ratio of zinc oxide to boron contained in the boric acid solution is 1:2, the consumption of the concentrated ammonia water and the distilled water is respectively 0.3 times and 15 times of the weight of the zinc oxide.
Example 4
The preparation method of the ageing-resistant fireproof power cable comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Firstly, taking aluminum alloy as a raw material, smelting, continuous casting and rolling, wiredrawing, annealing and stranding to obtain a conductor, extruding insulating materials outside the conductor to form an insulating layer, namely a wire core, and stranding a plurality of wire cores into a cable core;
(2) Then extruding and wrapping composite gel on the surface of the cable core to form a gel layer, and then forming a polyvinylidene fluoride coating on the surface of the gel layer through a plasma discharge technology;
(3) Finally, cladding an armor layer (annealed copper corrugated pipe) on the surface of the polyvinylidene fluoride coating to obtain the power cable;
wherein, the insulating material is prepared by mixing the following raw materials: 85g of methyl vinyl MQ silicon resin, 20g of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 9g of nano aluminum silicate, 6g of nickel-nano titanium oxide-nano boron nitride compound and 0.9g of benzoyl peroxide;
the composite gel is prepared by taking isopropyl silicate, tetrabutyl zirconate and aluminum sec-butoxide as raw materials, carrying out hydrolysis reaction, then adding fibrous nano zinc borate, uniformly mixing and aging.
In the step (1), the temperature of the extruded insulating material is 115 ℃, and the extruded insulating material is vulcanized for 4.5 hours at 190 ℃ after the extrusion is completed.
In the step (2), the temperature of the extrusion composite gel is 65 ℃, and the curing treatment is carried out after the extrusion is finished, wherein the specific process conditions are as follows: the temperature is 95 ℃, the pressure is 17MPa, and the time is 40 minutes.
In the step (2), the preparation method of the polyvinylidene fluoride coating comprises the following steps: the cable core forming the gel layer is placed in a plasma vacuum reaction cavity, then 300 mu L/min of difluoroethylene is introduced, plasma discharge is started while the difluoroethylene is introduced, and the introduction time of the difluoroethylene and the discharge time of the plasma are 1300s. The plasma discharge frequency was 800Hz and the pulse width was 250. Mu.s.
The preparation method of the insulating material comprises the following steps: mixing the methyl vinyl MQ silicon resin, the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, the nano aluminum silicate and the nickel-nano titanium oxide-nano boron nitride compound according to the formula amount, placing the mixture into an internal mixer for banburying, adding the benzoyl peroxide according to the formula amount, and uniformly mixing to obtain the composite. The banburying temperature is 80 ℃ and the banburying time is 2.5 hours.
The nickel-nano titanium oxide-nano boron nitride compound is prepared by the following method: firstly dispersing nano boron nitride in absolute ethyl alcohol by ultrasonic, then adding glacial acetic acid and triethylamine, stirring and mixing uniformly, dropwise adding tetrabutyl titanate, stirring and mixing uniformly, transferring into a reaction kettle, stirring and reacting for 19 hours at 75 ℃, adding nickel chloride hexahydrate at the stirring rate of 30000r/min, adjusting pH to be 11, dropwise adding 1.5mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, heating to 125 ℃ after the dropwise adding, preserving heat and stirring for 1.5 hours, naturally cooling to room temperature, centrifuging to obtain precipitate, washing and drying to obtain the nano boron nitride; wherein, the molar ratio of the nanometer boron nitride to the tetrabutyl titanate to the nickel chloride hexahydrate is 1:0.7:0.09, the mass ratio of nano boron nitride to absolute ethyl alcohol to glacial acetic acid to triethylamine to sodium hydroxide is 1:11:11:1.1:0.09.
The composite gel is prepared by the following method: firstly dispersing isopropyl silicate in absolute ethyl alcohol to obtain an isopropyl silicate dispersion liquid with the mass concentration of 25%, dispersing tetrabutyl zirconate in absolute ethyl alcohol to obtain a tetrabutyl zirconate dispersion liquid with the mass concentration of 25%, dispersing aluminum sec-butoxide in an ethanol water solution with the volume concentration of 90% to obtain an aluminum sec-butoxide dispersion liquid with the mass concentration of 25%, mixing the isopropyl silicate dispersion liquid, the tetrabutyl zirconate dispersion liquid and the aluminum sec-butoxide dispersion liquid to obtain a mixed solution, adding 35g absolute ethyl alcohol and 0.4g concentrated nitric acid with the mass concentration of 67% into 100g of the mixed solution, stirring and mixing uniformly, continuously adding 25g acetone, 12g aniline and 0.5g water, stirring and hydrolyzing, adding 3.5g fibrous nano zinc borate, stirring uniformly, aging for 55 hours at 52 ℃, replacing the solution with absolute ethyl alcohol once every 12 hours, and performing supercritical drying to obtain the aluminum sec-butoxide nano zinc borate; wherein, the mol ratio of the isopropyl silicate to the tetrabutyl zirconate to the aluminum sec-butoxide is 1:2.5:0.9.
the fibrous nano zinc borate is prepared by the following method: firstly adding zinc oxide into a boric acid solution with the mass concentration of 25%, adding concentrated ammonia water with the mass concentration of 23% while stirring, stirring and dispersing uniformly, then adding distilled water, stirring and mixing uniformly, stirring and reacting for 9 hours at 90 ℃, centrifuging to obtain precipitate, washing and drying to obtain the zinc oxide; the molar ratio of zinc oxide to boron contained in the boric acid solution is 1:2, the consumption of the concentrated ammonia water and the distilled water is respectively 0.4 times and 12 times of the weight of the zinc oxide.
Comparative example 1
The preparation method of the power cable comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Firstly, taking aluminum alloy as a raw material, smelting, continuous casting and rolling, wiredrawing, annealing and stranding to obtain a conductor, extruding insulating materials outside the conductor to form an insulating layer, namely a wire core, and stranding a plurality of wire cores into a cable core;
(2) Then extruding and wrapping composite gel on the surface of the cable core to form a gel layer, and then forming a polyvinylidene fluoride coating on the surface of the gel layer through a plasma discharge technology;
(3) Finally, cladding an armor layer (annealed copper corrugated pipe) on the surface of the polyvinylidene fluoride coating to obtain the power cable;
wherein, the insulating material is prepared by mixing the following raw materials: 80g of methyl vinyl MQ silicone resin, 15g of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 8g of nano aluminum silicate and 0.8g of benzoyl peroxide;
the composite gel is prepared by taking isopropyl silicate, tetrabutyl zirconate and aluminum sec-butoxide as raw materials, carrying out hydrolysis reaction, then adding fibrous nano zinc borate, uniformly mixing and aging.
In the step (1), the temperature of the extruded insulating material is 110 ℃, and the extruded insulating material is vulcanized for 4 hours at 180 ℃ after the extrusion is finished.
In the step (2), the temperature of the extrusion composite gel is 60 ℃, and the curing treatment is carried out after the extrusion is finished, wherein the specific process conditions are as follows: the temperature is 90 ℃, the pressure is 15MPa, and the time is 35 minutes.
In the step (2), the preparation method of the polyvinylidene fluoride coating comprises the following steps: the cable core forming the gel layer is placed in a plasma vacuum reaction cavity, then 200 mu L/min of difluoroethylene is introduced, plasma discharge is started while the difluoroethylene is introduced, and the introduction time of the difluoroethylene and the discharge time of the plasma are 1200s. The plasma discharge frequency was 700Hz and the pulse width was 200. Mu.s.
The preparation method of the insulating material comprises the following steps: mixing the methyl vinyl MQ silicon resin, the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and the nano aluminum silicate according to the formula amount, placing the mixture into an internal mixer for banburying, adding the benzoyl peroxide according to the formula amount, and uniformly mixing to obtain the modified polyvinyl alcohol. The banburying temperature is 75 ℃ and the banburying time is 2 hours.
The composite gel is prepared by the following method: firstly dispersing isopropyl silicate in absolute ethyl alcohol to obtain isopropyl silicate dispersion liquid with the mass concentration of 20%, dispersing tetrabutyl zirconate in absolute ethyl alcohol to obtain tetrabutyl zirconate dispersion liquid with the mass concentration of 20%, dispersing aluminum sec-butoxide in ethanol water solution with the volume concentration of 85% to obtain aluminum sec-butoxide dispersion liquid with the mass concentration of 20%, mixing the isopropyl silicate dispersion liquid, the tetrabutyl zirconate dispersion liquid and the aluminum sec-butoxide dispersion liquid to obtain a mixed solution, adding 30g of absolute ethyl alcohol and 0.3g of concentrated nitric acid with the mass concentration of 65% into 100g of the mixed solution, stirring and mixing uniformly, continuing to add 20g of acetone, 10g of aniline and 0.4g of water, stirring and hydrolyzing, adding 3g of fibrous nano zinc borate, stirring uniformly, aging for 50 hours at 50 ℃, replacing the solution with absolute ethyl alcohol every 12 hours, and performing supercritical drying to obtain the nano zinc borate; wherein, the mol ratio of the isopropyl silicate to the tetrabutyl zirconate to the aluminum sec-butoxide is 1:2:0.8.
The fibrous nano zinc borate is prepared by the following method: firstly adding zinc oxide into a boric acid solution with the mass concentration of 20%, adding concentrated ammonia water with the mass concentration of 22% while stirring, stirring and dispersing uniformly, then adding distilled water, stirring and mixing uniformly, stirring and reacting for 8 hours at 85 ℃, centrifuging to obtain precipitate, washing and drying to obtain the zinc oxide; the molar ratio of zinc oxide to boron contained in the boric acid solution is 1:2, the consumption of the concentrated ammonia water and the distilled water is respectively 0.3 times and 10 times of the weight of the zinc oxide.
Comparative example 2
The preparation method of the power cable comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Firstly, taking aluminum alloy as a raw material, smelting, continuous casting and rolling, wiredrawing, annealing and stranding to obtain a conductor, extruding insulating materials outside the conductor to form an insulating layer, namely a wire core, and stranding a plurality of wire cores into a cable core;
(2) Then extruding and wrapping composite gel on the surface of the cable core to form a gel layer, and then forming a polyvinylidene fluoride coating on the surface of the gel layer through a plasma discharge technology;
(3) Finally, cladding an armor layer (annealed copper corrugated pipe) on the surface of the polyvinylidene fluoride coating to obtain the power cable;
wherein, the insulating material is prepared by mixing the following raw materials: 80g of methyl vinyl MQ silicon resin, 15g of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 8g of nano aluminum silicate, 5g of nickel-nano titanium oxide-nano boron nitride compound and 0.8g of benzoyl peroxide;
The composite gel is prepared by taking isopropyl silicate, tetrabutyl zirconate and aluminum sec-butoxide as raw materials, carrying out hydrolysis reaction and aging.
In the step (1), the temperature of the extruded insulating material is 110 ℃, and the extruded insulating material is vulcanized for 4 hours at 180 ℃ after the extrusion is finished.
In the step (2), the temperature of the extrusion composite gel is 60 ℃, and the curing treatment is carried out after the extrusion is finished, wherein the specific process conditions are as follows: the temperature is 90 ℃, the pressure is 15MPa, and the time is 35 minutes.
In the step (2), the preparation method of the polyvinylidene fluoride coating comprises the following steps: the cable core forming the gel layer is placed in a plasma vacuum reaction cavity, then 200 mu L/min of difluoroethylene is introduced, plasma discharge is started while the difluoroethylene is introduced, and the introduction time of the difluoroethylene and the discharge time of the plasma are 1200s. The plasma discharge frequency was 700Hz and the pulse width was 200. Mu.s.
The preparation method of the insulating material comprises the following steps: mixing the methyl vinyl MQ silicon resin, the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, the nano aluminum silicate and the nickel-nano titanium oxide-nano boron nitride compound according to the formula amount, placing the mixture into an internal mixer for banburying, adding the benzoyl peroxide according to the formula amount, and uniformly mixing to obtain the composite. The banburying temperature is 75 ℃ and the banburying time is 2 hours.
The nickel-nano titanium oxide-nano boron nitride compound is prepared by the following method: firstly dispersing nano boron nitride in absolute ethyl alcohol by ultrasonic, then adding glacial acetic acid and triethylamine, stirring and mixing uniformly, dropwise adding tetrabutyl titanate, stirring and mixing uniformly, transferring into a reaction kettle, stirring and reacting for 18 hours at 70 ℃, adding nickel chloride hexahydrate at the stirring rate of 20000r/min, adjusting pH to be 11, dropwise adding 1mol/L sodium hydroxide solution dropwise, heating to 120 ℃ after the dropwise adding is finished, preserving heat and stirring for 1 hour, naturally cooling to room temperature, centrifuging, taking precipitate, washing and drying to obtain the nano boron nitride; wherein, the molar ratio of the nanometer boron nitride to the tetrabutyl titanate to the nickel chloride hexahydrate is 1:0.6:0.08, the mass ratio of nano boron nitride to absolute ethyl alcohol to glacial acetic acid to triethylamine to sodium hydroxide is 1:10:10:1:0.08.
the composite gel is prepared by the following method: firstly dispersing isopropyl silicate in absolute ethyl alcohol to obtain isopropyl silicate dispersion liquid with the mass concentration of 20%, dispersing tetrabutyl zirconate in absolute ethyl alcohol to obtain tetrabutyl zirconate dispersion liquid with the mass concentration of 20%, dispersing aluminum sec-butoxide in ethanol water solution with the volume concentration of 85% to obtain aluminum sec-butoxide dispersion liquid with the mass concentration of 20%, mixing the isopropyl silicate dispersion liquid, the tetrabutyl zirconate dispersion liquid and the aluminum sec-butoxide dispersion liquid to obtain a mixed solution, adding 30g of absolute ethyl alcohol and 0.3g of concentrated nitric acid with the mass concentration of 65% into 100g of the mixed solution, stirring and mixing uniformly, continuously adding 20g of acetone, 10g of aniline and 0.4g of water, stirring and hydrolyzing, aging for 50 hours at 50 ℃ and replacing the solution with absolute ethyl alcohol once every 12 hours, and performing supercritical drying to obtain the aluminum silicate composite material; wherein, the mol ratio of the isopropyl silicate to the tetrabutyl zirconate to the aluminum sec-butoxide is 1:2:0.8.
Comparative example 3
The preparation method of the power cable comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Firstly, taking aluminum alloy as a raw material, smelting, continuous casting and rolling, wiredrawing, annealing and stranding to obtain a conductor, extruding insulating materials outside the conductor to form an insulating layer, namely a wire core, and stranding a plurality of wire cores into a cable core;
(2) Then, extruding and wrapping composite gel on the surface of the cable core to form a gel layer;
(3) Finally, cladding an armor layer (annealed copper corrugated pipe) on the surface of the gel layer to obtain the power cable;
wherein, the insulating material is prepared by mixing the following raw materials: 80g of methyl vinyl MQ silicon resin, 15g of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 8g of nano aluminum silicate, 5g of nickel-nano titanium oxide-nano boron nitride compound and 0.8g of benzoyl peroxide;
the composite gel is prepared by taking isopropyl silicate, tetrabutyl zirconate and aluminum sec-butoxide as raw materials, carrying out hydrolysis reaction, then adding fibrous nano zinc borate, uniformly mixing and aging.
In the step (1), the temperature of the extruded insulating material is 110 ℃, and the extruded insulating material is vulcanized for 4 hours at 180 ℃ after the extrusion is finished.
In the step (2), the temperature of the extrusion composite gel is 60 ℃, and the curing treatment is carried out after the extrusion is finished, wherein the specific process conditions are as follows: the temperature is 90 ℃, the pressure is 15MPa, and the time is 35 minutes.
The preparation method of the insulating material comprises the following steps: mixing the methyl vinyl MQ silicon resin, the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, the nano aluminum silicate and the nickel-nano titanium oxide-nano boron nitride compound according to the formula amount, placing the mixture into an internal mixer for banburying, adding the benzoyl peroxide according to the formula amount, and uniformly mixing to obtain the composite. The banburying temperature is 75 ℃ and the banburying time is 2 hours.
The nickel-nano titanium oxide-nano boron nitride compound is prepared by the following method: firstly dispersing nano boron nitride in absolute ethyl alcohol by ultrasonic, then adding glacial acetic acid and triethylamine, stirring and mixing uniformly, dropwise adding tetrabutyl titanate, stirring and mixing uniformly, transferring into a reaction kettle, stirring and reacting for 18 hours at 70 ℃, adding nickel chloride hexahydrate at the stirring rate of 20000r/min, adjusting pH to be 11, dropwise adding 1mol/L sodium hydroxide solution dropwise, heating to 120 ℃ after the dropwise adding is finished, preserving heat and stirring for 1 hour, naturally cooling to room temperature, centrifuging, taking precipitate, washing and drying to obtain the nano boron nitride; wherein, the molar ratio of the nanometer boron nitride to the tetrabutyl titanate to the nickel chloride hexahydrate is 1:0.6:0.08, the mass ratio of nano boron nitride to absolute ethyl alcohol to glacial acetic acid to triethylamine to sodium hydroxide is 1:10:10:1:0.08.
The composite gel is prepared by the following method: firstly dispersing isopropyl silicate in absolute ethyl alcohol to obtain isopropyl silicate dispersion liquid with the mass concentration of 20%, dispersing tetrabutyl zirconate in absolute ethyl alcohol to obtain tetrabutyl zirconate dispersion liquid with the mass concentration of 20%, dispersing aluminum sec-butoxide in ethanol water solution with the volume concentration of 85% to obtain aluminum sec-butoxide dispersion liquid with the mass concentration of 20%, mixing the isopropyl silicate dispersion liquid, the tetrabutyl zirconate dispersion liquid and the aluminum sec-butoxide dispersion liquid to obtain a mixed solution, adding 30g of absolute ethyl alcohol and 0.3g of concentrated nitric acid with the mass concentration of 65% into 100g of the mixed solution, stirring and mixing uniformly, continuing to add 20g of acetone, 10g of aniline and 0.4g of water, stirring and hydrolyzing, adding 3g of fibrous nano zinc borate, stirring uniformly, aging for 50 hours at 50 ℃, replacing the solution with absolute ethyl alcohol every 12 hours, and performing supercritical drying to obtain the nano zinc borate; wherein, the mol ratio of the isopropyl silicate to the tetrabutyl zirconate to the aluminum sec-butoxide is 1:2:0.8.
the fibrous nano zinc borate is prepared by the following method: firstly adding zinc oxide into a boric acid solution with the mass concentration of 20%, adding concentrated ammonia water with the mass concentration of 22% while stirring, stirring and dispersing uniformly, then adding distilled water, stirring and mixing uniformly, stirring and reacting for 8 hours at 85 ℃, centrifuging to obtain precipitate, washing and drying to obtain the zinc oxide; the molar ratio of zinc oxide to boron contained in the boric acid solution is 1:2, the consumption of the concentrated ammonia water and the distilled water is respectively 0.3 times and 10 times of the weight of the zinc oxide.
Test examples
The power cables obtained in examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were examined for aging resistance and fire resistance, respectively, and the results are shown in Table 1.
The aging resistance is determined by taking the tensile strength as an investigation index according to the change rate of the tensile strength before and after aging, wherein the tensile strength refers to ASTMD412 and specifically comprises two aging:
1. high temperature aging resistance: referring to astm d573, hot air aging, 150 ℃,240 hours;
2. uv aging resistance, see GB/T16585-1996, uv-B,8 hours uv exposure followed by 4 hours condensation at 50 ℃ for 7 days.
Fireproof Properties, refer to GB/T12666.6-90 section 6 of wire and Cable burn test method: the fire resistance property test method of the wire and the cable is examined; class A, flame temperature is 950-1000 ℃, class B, flame temperature is 750-800 ℃ and continuous fire supply time is 90 minutes.
TABLE 1 investigation of ageing resistance and fireproof Properties
As is clear from Table 1, the power cables obtained in examples 1 to 4 were excellent in high temperature resistance, ultraviolet aging resistance, high in fire resistance, and excellent in aging resistance and fire resistance.
Comparative example 1 omits the nickel-nano titanium oxide-nano boron nitride compound when preparing the insulating material, comparative example 2 omits the fibrous nano zinc borate when preparing the composite gel, comparative example 3 omits the polyvinylidene fluoride coating, the ageing resistance and the fireproof performance are obviously deteriorated, and the synergistic effect of the three parts of the insulating material, the composite gel and the polyvinylidene fluoride coating is demonstrated, so that the ageing resistance and the fireproof performance of the product are improved together.
The technical idea of the present invention is described by the above embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, that is, it does not mean that the present invention must be implemented depending on the above embodiments. It should be apparent to those skilled in the art that any modification of the present invention, equivalent substitution of individual raw materials for the product of the present invention, addition of auxiliary components, selection of specific modes, etc., falls within the scope of the present invention and the scope of disclosure.
Claims (9)
1. The preparation method of the aging-resistant fireproof power cable is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
(1) Firstly, extruding insulating materials outside a conductor to form an insulating layer, namely a wire core, and twisting a plurality of wire cores into a cable core;
(2) Then extruding and wrapping composite gel on the surface of the cable core to form a gel layer, and then forming a polyvinylidene fluoride coating on the surface of the gel layer through a plasma discharge technology;
(3) Finally, coating an armor layer on the surface of the polyvinylidene fluoride coating to obtain the power cable;
the insulating material is prepared by mixing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-90 parts of methyl vinyl MQ silicon resin, 15-25 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 8-10 parts of nano aluminum silicate, 5-7 parts of nickel-nano titanium oxide-nano boron nitride compound and 0.8-1 part of benzoyl peroxide;
The composite gel is prepared by taking isopropyl silicate, tetrabutyl zirconate and aluminum sec-butoxide as raw materials, carrying out hydrolysis reaction, then adding fibrous nano zinc borate, uniformly mixing and aging;
the nickel-nano titanium oxide-nano boron nitride compound is prepared by the following method: firstly dispersing nano boron nitride in absolute ethyl alcohol by ultrasonic, then adding glacial acetic acid and triethylamine, stirring and mixing uniformly, dropwise adding tetrabutyl titanate, stirring and mixing uniformly, transferring into a reaction kettle, stirring and reacting for 18-20 hours at 70-80 ℃, adding nickel chloride hexahydrate at the stirring rate of 20000-30000 r/min, adjusting pH value to 11-12, dropwise adding 1-2 mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, heating to 120-130 ℃ after the dropwise adding is finished, preserving heat and stirring for 1-2 hours, naturally cooling to room temperature, centrifuging to obtain precipitate, washing and drying to obtain the nano boron nitride; wherein, the molar ratio of the nanometer boron nitride to the tetrabutyl titanate to the nickel chloride hexahydrate is 1:0.6 to 0.8:0.08 to 0.1, the mass ratio of the nanometer boron nitride to the absolute ethyl alcohol to the glacial acetic acid to the triethylamine to the sodium hydroxide is 1:10 to 12:10 to 12:1 to 1.2:0.08 to 0.1.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the conductor is obtained by melting, continuous casting and rolling, wire drawing, annealing and stranding an aluminum alloy or copper material.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the temperature of the extruded insulating material is 110 to 120 ℃, and the extruded insulating material is vulcanized for 4 to 5 hours at 180 to 200 ℃ after the extrusion is completed.
4. The preparation method of claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the temperature of the extruded composite gel is 60-70 ℃, and the curing treatment is carried out after the extrusion is completed, and the specific process conditions are as follows: the temperature is 90-100 ℃, the pressure is 15-18 MPa, and the time is 35-45 minutes.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein in step (2), the polyvinylidene fluoride coating is prepared by: firstly, placing a cable core forming a gel layer in a plasma vacuum reaction cavity, then introducing difluoroethylene at 200-300 mu L/min, and starting plasma discharge while introducing difluoroethylene, wherein the introducing time of difluoroethylene and the plasma discharge time are 1200-1300 s.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the plasma discharge has a frequency of 700 to 900Hz and a pulse width of 200 to 300. Mu.s.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein in step (3), the armor layer is a steel strip or an annealed copper corrugated tube.
8. The method of manufacturing according to claim 1, wherein the method of manufacturing the insulating material is as follows: mixing the methyl vinyl MQ silicon resin, the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, the nano aluminum silicate and the nickel-nano titanium oxide-nano boron nitride compound according to the formula amount, placing the mixture into an internal mixer for banburying, adding the benzoyl peroxide according to the formula amount, and uniformly mixing to obtain the composite.
9. An aging-resistant and fireproof power cable, characterized in that it is obtained by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
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| CN114524638A (en) * | 2022-03-04 | 2022-05-24 | 南京航空航天大学 | Ultralow-thermal-conductivity nanofiber aerogel composite material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN114524638A (en) * | 2022-03-04 | 2022-05-24 | 南京航空航天大学 | Ultralow-thermal-conductivity nanofiber aerogel composite material and preparation method thereof |
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