CN116617188A - 一种硫酸亚铁缓释胶囊及其制备方法与应用 - Google Patents
一种硫酸亚铁缓释胶囊及其制备方法与应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种硫酸亚铁缓释胶囊及其制备方法,所述硫酸亚铁缓释胶囊是由内容物与胶囊组成;所述内容物主要是由硫酸亚铁、尤特奇、聚维酮、乳糖、乙基纤维素、羟丙纤维素和乙醇按质量比1:0.3:2:0.2:0.2:0.2:0.02组成;所述胶囊主要是由滑石粉、水和明胶空心胶囊组成。通过热熔挤出制备微丸,对微丸进行缓释包衣,可以实现硫酸亚铁24小时缓释释放,保证体内药物浓度波动相对平稳,避免患者服用药物之后出现不适症状;且作用时间相对较长,可以保证患者在服用药物之后较长一段时间都能持续得到药物控制,减少药物对胃肠道的刺激。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种硫酸亚铁缓释胶囊及其制备方法。
背景技术
缺铁性贫血(IDA)是全世界发病率最高的营养缺乏性疾病之一。全世界人口中约有1/3的人贫血,而由于缺铁性贫血或铁营养不良的人群约占5亿人左右。在我国约有20%的人口存在缺铁性贫血或铁营养发育不良。其中妇女和儿童发生率较高,严重的地区儿童IDA发生率高达70%,育龄妇女的IDA发生率高达35%。庞大的IDA人群决定铁补充剂有着强大的市场需求。
口服缓控释制剂由于存在诸多尚未解决的关键技术,国内现有的缓释制剂未能真正达到24小时的缓释效果。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明针对现有技术存在的不足之处,提供一种硫酸亚铁缓释胶囊及其制备方法。
为了实现上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:
一种硫酸亚铁缓释胶囊,是由内容物与胶囊组成;其中,
所述内容物主要是由硫酸亚铁、尤特奇、聚维酮、乳糖、乙基纤维素、羟丙纤维素和乙醇按质量比1:0.3:2:0.2:0.2:0.2:0.02组成;
所述胶囊主要是由滑石粉、水和明胶空心胶囊组成。
本发明还请求上述硫酸亚铁缓释胶囊的制备方法,具体包括如下步骤:
(1)预混:将硫酸亚铁、羟丙纤维素加入湿法制粒机中,混合;
(2)制软材:先启动搅拌和切刀,再启动蠕动泵加液,将羟丙纤维素水溶液均匀加入制粒机中,制备软材。加浆结束后出料,
(3)挤出、滚圆:启动挤出机,缓慢加入湿颗粒,经挤出后获得长条颗粒。将长条颗粒加入到滚圆机内,进行滚圆;
(4)干燥:将滚圆后的小丸加入至流化床中,进行干燥。控制小丸水分≤5.0%;
(5)过筛:将干燥后的小丸过14、30目筛,合适目数的干燥小丸;
(6)包缓释衣:微丸加入流化床中,进行预热至物料温度为25℃以上,启动蠕动泵进行包衣。缓释包衣液喷完后,继续干燥,控制小丸水分≤4.0%。将缓释微丸进行筛分,收集合适目数的小丸;
(7)总混:将缓释微丸置混合机中,加入相当于小丸重量0.5%的滑石粉(手工过80目筛,使滑石粉分散后加入),混合;
(8)胶囊填充:将混合后的微丸置胶囊填充机,采用1#明胶空心胶囊进行灌装;
(9)内包装:将硫酸亚铁缓释胶囊进行铝塑包装,得到所述硫酸亚铁缓释胶囊。
经由上述的技术方案可知,与现有技术相比,本发明提供的一种硫酸亚铁缓释胶囊及其制备方法与应用,具有如下优异效果:
本发明通过热熔挤出制备微丸,对微丸进行缓释包衣,可以实现硫酸亚铁24小时缓释释放,保证体内药物浓度波动相对平稳,避免患者服用药物之后出现不适症状;且作用时间相对较长,可以保证患者在服用药物之后较长一段时间都能持续得到药物控制,减少药物对胃肠道的刺激。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明实施例公开了一种硫酸亚铁缓释胶囊及其制备方法。
为更好地理解本发明,下面通过以下实施例对本发明作进一步具体的阐述,但不可理解为对本发明的限定,对于本领域的技术人员根据上述发明内容所作的一些非本质的改进与调整,也视为落在本发明的保护范围内。
下面,将结合具体实验例,对本发明的技术方案作进一步的说明。
1原料药理化性质
1.1性状
本品为淡蓝绿色柱状结晶或颗粒,在干燥空气中即风化,在湿空气中即迅速氧化变质,生成碱式硫酸铁。
1.2溶解度
本品在水中易溶;在乙醇、氯仿中不溶。在水中溶解度为127mg/ml。
自测硫酸亚铁在不同pH介质中的溶解度结果如下表1所示:
表1自测硫酸亚铁在不同pH介质中的溶解度
注:漏槽条件1.75mg/ml。
1.3粒度
表2自制硫酸亚铁粒度
1.4BCS分类
在BCS数据库中查得硫酸亚铁为I(高溶解性、高渗透性)
1.5稳定性
表3稳定性实验结果
综合上述分析可知,高温高湿条件下,原料药的高铁盐有较明显的增长。本品原料药在干燥空气中即风化,在湿空气中即迅速氧化变质,表面生成黄棕色的碱式硫酸铁,自身稳定性较差。
1.6原辅料相容性
参考原研处方,将原料药与可能采用的辅料混合均匀,并压制成微粒进行相容性试验,考察在40℃/RH75%、50℃/RH75%条件下放置15天时间的稳定性情况,观察各样品有关物质的变化情况,如下述表4,可知原料药与拟用辅料相容性均良好。
表4原辅料相溶性实验结果
2原研品研究
2.1溶出曲线实验
表5累积溶出度
2.2剂量倾泻
表6累计溶出浓度
3处方工艺对比
3.1处方组成
表7处方组成
3.2工艺描述
3.2.1预混:将硫酸亚铁、微晶纤维素加入湿法制粒机中,混合。
评价指标:①高铁盐:含高铁盐不得过标示量的2.0%;
②混合均匀度:混合结束后,于料斗混合机内不同位置取样(上层5、中5、下1),含硫酸亚铁(以Fe计)平均含量应在90.0%~110.0%,RSD≤3.0%。
表8混合均匀度
其中,高铁盐检测结果如下表9所示:
表9高铁盐检测结果
3.2.2制软材:先启动搅拌和切刀,再启动蠕动泵加液,将羟丙甲纤维素水溶液均匀加入制粒机中,制备软材。加浆结束后出料。
评价指标:粒度分布、密度。
表10粒度分布
3.2.3挤出、滚圆:启动挤出机,缓慢加入湿颗粒,经挤出后获得长条颗粒。将长条颗粒加入到滚圆机内,进行滚圆。
3.2.4干燥:将滚圆后的小丸加入至流化床中,进行干燥。控制小丸水分≤5.0%。
表11水分含量
3.2.5过筛:将干燥后的小丸过14、30目筛,合适目数的干燥小丸。
3.2.6包缓释衣:微丸加入流化床中,进行预热至物料温度为25℃以上,启动蠕动泵进行包衣。缓释包衣液喷完后,继续干燥,控制小丸水分≤4.0%。将缓释微丸进行筛分,收集合适目数的小丸。
评价指标:溶出度
表12溶出度结构
3.2.7总混:将缓释微丸置混合机中,加入相当于小丸重量0.5%的滑石粉(手工过80目筛,使滑石粉分散后加入),混合。
评价指标:每片含量为标示量的90.0%~110.0%之间,且RSD≤6.0%。
表13总混后硫酸亚铁含量结果
3.2.8胶囊填充:将混合后的微丸置胶囊填充机,采用1#明胶空心胶囊进行灌装。
3.2.9内包装:将硫酸亚铁缓释胶囊进行铝塑包装。
3.3成品检测结果
表14成品检测结果
3.4释放曲线对比
3.4.1溶出度方法
FDA公布溶出度方法如下:
表15参比制剂在标准介质(水)中不同转速下溶出曲线比较
从上述结果中可以看出,参比制剂两规格在不同转速下溶出曲线几乎一致,故拟定半成品标准中选用50rpm为检测转速,并用于不同介质中溶出曲线比较。
3.4.2溶出曲线对比
表16自制品及参比制剂稳定性试验溶出曲线对比
3.4.3剂量倾泻试验
根据FDA中方法,对参比制剂和自制品进行了剂量倾泻试验,在0.1N HCl介质中加入乙醇制备成乙醇浓度为5%、20%、40%不同体积比的介质,并且使用篮法,100rpm条件。
表17 5%乙醇-0.1N盐酸溶液累计溶出度(%)
综上,通过将自制品剂量倾泻曲线与原研品对比,结果在5%、20%乙醇-0.1N盐酸溶液中溶出均比原研品稍快,这与自制品在0.1N盐酸溶液中释放本身就比原研品偏快有关。
4预BE结果及分析
预BE结果
本品已完成餐后预BE试验,以硫酸亚铁为评价指标,试验结果表明自制品与原研品硫酸亚铁AUC、Cmax均等效,详细结果如下表所示:
表18餐后预BE试验结果
5稳定性对比
参比制剂与自制品在45℃/RH75%条件下放置6个月,不同取样点释放曲线相似,各取样点有关物质均未明显改变,故没有列出。
6.1.1组成·性状*
6.1.2适应症
缺铁性贫血
6.1.3用法用量
通常成人每天服用105-210mg(1-2片),分1-2次服用。空腹给药,如果副作用较强时可在饭后立即口服。可根据患者的年龄和症状调整剂量。
6.1.4注意事项**
6.1.4.1慎用(对以下患者慎用)
(1)消化道溃疡,慢性溃疡性结肠炎和局部性肠炎等胃肠道疾病患者可能会刺激胃肠道粘膜,并会加剧溃疡和炎症。
(2)阵发性夜间血红蛋白尿可诱发溶血。
(3)肠道憩室或严重狭窄的患者以及肠道运动功能受损的患者可能会阻碍药片的通过,从而导致憩室部位坏死和肠梗阻。
(4)老年人或吞咽功能障碍患者在某些情况下,该药留在口腔或食道中导致溃疡(请参阅“使用注意事项”)。另外,有时由于吸入而使药物滞留在气管和支气管内,导致支气管和支气管的粘膜异常(破裂,出血,浮肿等)以及支气管狭窄。
6.1.4.2药物相互作用
联合用药的注意事项(联合用药时要小心)
6.1.4.3副作用
由于尚未调查本品的副作用发生率,因此参考了国内文献。712例患者中有43例出现了副作用(6.0%),主要不良反应是胃肠道症状,如恶心/呕吐(2.8%)、食欲不振(0.8%)和腹痛(0.7%)。
注:在这种情况下,请停止给药。
6.1.4.4老年人给药
注意老年人的剂量。
6.1.4.5对临床检查结果的影响
潜血反应中可能出现假阳性。
6.1.4.6药物过量
主要症状是胃粘膜刺激引起的恶心、呕吐、腹痛、血性腹泻、吐血等消化道症状。此外,还观察到心跳过速、血压下降和发绀。在严重的情况下,可能导致昏迷、休克、肝坏死和肝功能不全。
由于本品是缓释片剂,因此症状可能会持续存在。
催吐和洗胃在给药初期是有效的。另外,还可使用泻药和排铁剂(去铁胺)等措施。如果出现低血压或循环衰竭,则应进行对症治疗,使用升压药、输液等。
6.1.4.7使用注意事项
(1)服用时
1)该药是一种缓释片剂,因此请不要咀嚼。
2)由于已观察到该药残留在口腔或食道中导致溃疡的情况,因此应用足量的水送服。
(2)给药时
PTP包装应指导患者将药物从PTP板中取出后服用。
6.1.4.8其他注意事项
(1)由于使用这种药物,粪便可能会变黑。
(2)铁释放后的塑料格栅直接排入粪便中。
(3)在动物实验中,据报道,大量联合使用别嘌醇增加了肝脏中铁的储存量。
■药物动力学
血清中的浓度
服用1片本品(含铁105mg)后,血清中铁的药动学参数
6.1.5临床试验
248例患者的临床结果如下。
6.1.6药效药理
6.1.6.1造血作用
因失血而导致贫血的断奶雄性大鼠在饲料中添加硫酸亚铁,发现血红蛋白量与每日铁摄入量成正比。
6.1.6.2临床药理学
本品用于10例缺铁性贫血患者(平均每日给予184mg铁,给药天数:平均37天),平均红细胞数量从280×104/mm3恢复至436×104/mm3。平均血清铁含量从55μg/dL恢复到159μg/dL,平均血红蛋白量增加4.9g/天。
储存方法:室温保存
对所公开的实施例的上述说明,使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的,本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下,在其它实施例中实现。因此,本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例,而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。
Claims (3)
1.一种硫酸亚铁缓释胶囊,其特征在于,所述硫酸亚铁缓释胶囊是由内容物与胶囊组成;其中,
所述内容物主要是由硫酸亚铁、尤特奇、聚维酮、乳糖、乙基纤维素、羟丙纤维素和乙醇按质量比1:0.3:2:0.2:0.2:0.2:0.02组成;
所述胶囊主要是由滑石粉、水和明胶空心胶囊组成。
2.一种如权利要求1所述硫酸亚铁缓释胶囊的制备方法,其特征在于,所述方法具体包括如下步骤:
(1)预混:将硫酸亚铁、羟丙纤维素加入湿法制粒机中,混合;
(2)制软材:先启动搅拌和切刀,再启动蠕动泵加液,将羟丙纤维素水溶液均匀加入制粒机中,制备软材;
(3)挤出、滚圆:启动挤出机,缓慢加入湿颗粒,经挤出后获得长条颗粒,随后进行滚圆;
(4)干燥:将滚圆后的小丸加入至流化床中,进行干燥;
(5)过筛:将干燥后的小丸过14、30目筛,合适目数的干燥小丸;
(6)包缓释衣:微丸加入流化床中,进行预热至物料温度为25℃以上,启动蠕动泵进行包衣,待缓释包衣液喷完后,继续干燥,控制小丸水分≤4.0%。将缓释微丸进行筛分,收集合适目数的小丸;
(7)总混:将缓释微丸置混合机中,加入相当于小丸重量0.5%的滑石粉(手工过80目筛,使滑石粉分散后加入),混合;
(8)胶囊填充:将混合后的微丸置胶囊填充机,采用明胶空心胶囊进行灌装;
(9)内包装:将硫酸亚铁缓释胶囊进行铝塑包装,得到所述硫酸亚铁缓释胶囊。
3.一种如权利要求1所述硫酸亚铁缓释胶囊或如权利要求2所述方法制备的硫酸亚铁缓释胶囊在药物制剂中的应用。
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