CN116617174B - 一种含硫酸氢氯吡格雷和阿司匹林的片剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种含硫酸氢氯吡格雷和阿司匹林的片剂及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- A61K31/4365—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic ring systems the heterocyclic ring system having sulfur as a ring hetero atom, e.g. ticlopidine
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Abstract
本发明涉及药物制剂技术领域,具体涉及一种含硫酸氢氯吡格雷和阿司匹林的片剂及其制备方法。其中,所述片剂包括硫酸氢氯吡格雷颗粒和阿司匹林包衣微丸;所述阿司匹林包衣微丸由内向外依次为阿司匹林丸芯、隔离衣和肠溶衣,所述隔离衣的材料包括海藻酸丙二醇酯。本发明将硫酸氢氯吡格雷和阿司匹林成分合二为一,显著增强了片剂抗血小板的活性,并且在海藻酸钠丙二醇酯的作用下,使得片剂中阿司匹林的贮存稳定性更佳,降低了对胃黏膜的刺激作用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及药物制剂技术领域,具体涉及一种含硫酸氢氯吡格雷和阿司匹林的片剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
硫酸氢氯吡格雷为白色结晶性粉末,是一种血小板聚集抑制剂,用于预防动脉粥样硬化血栓形成。阿司匹林为白色结晶或结晶性粉末,无臭或微带醋酸臭,对血小板聚集有抑制作用,可作为预防血栓的药物。研究表明,阿司匹林和硫酸氢氯吡格雷组合成剂量固定配比的复方制剂后,抗血小板活性显著增强,还具有累加、协同或互补作用,可用于预防、延缓进展或治疗急性冠脉综合征、心绞痛、脑卒中、心肌梗死、缺血性疾病、心血管或脑血管系统疾病。
但是由于阿司匹林具有独特的分子结构,导致其极易发生水解并生成具有一定刺激性和毒性的水杨酸,水杨酸对患者胃黏膜的刺激性较大,易使患者出现恶心、上腹不适、呕吐等症状。为解决此问题,目前的阿司匹林生产多采用加入酒石酸的方式来提高阿司匹林的稳定性,从而抑制其在贮存过程中的分解,降低水解产物水杨酸的含量。但是,虽然采用酒石酸作为稳定剂可以使阿司匹林中水杨酸的含量符合相关标准要求,但其仍存在进一步降低的空间。
发明内容
针对以上技术问题,本发明提供一种含硫酸氢氯吡格雷和阿司匹林的片剂及其制备方法,该片剂将硫酸氢氯吡格雷和阿司匹林成分合二为一,显著增强了片剂抗血小板的活性,且选择海藻酸丙二醇酯作为稳定剂,使所得片剂的稳定性进一步提高。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明采用如下技术方案:
本发明的第一方面提供一种含硫酸氢氯吡格雷和阿司匹林活性的片剂,所述片剂包括硫酸氢氯吡格雷颗粒和阿司匹林包衣微丸;所述阿司匹林包衣微丸由内向外依次为阿司匹林丸芯、隔离衣和肠溶衣,所述隔离衣的材料包括海藻酸丙二醇酯。
本发明提供的含硫酸氢氯吡格雷和阿司匹林的片剂,活性成分硫酸氢氯吡格雷和阿司匹林合用能够发挥协同作用,显著增强药物抗血小板的活性;而且,本发明提供的阿司匹林包衣微丸的隔离衣中含有海藻酸丙二醇酯,其可以通过调节pH来稳定阿司匹林,从而降低阿司匹林的水解程度,抑制水杨酸的生成,减少水杨酸对患者胃黏膜的刺激。相比于现有技术中使用的酒石酸调节剂,本发明将海藻酸丙二醇酯作为pH调节剂制得的含阿司匹林的片剂更加稳定。
结合第一方面,在所述片剂中,所述阿司匹林包衣微丸的质量占比为30%-50%,所述硫酸氢氯吡格雷颗粒的质量占比为20%-40%。
结合第一方面,所述隔离衣的材料还包括聚乙二醇4000或聚乙二醇6000中的至少一种以及羟丙基甲基纤维素;所述肠溶衣的材料包括L30D-55、RS30D、FL30D-55、NM30D、L100或L100-55中的至少一种,以及滑石粉和柠檬酸三乙酯。
结合第一方面,所述隔离衣中聚乙二醇4000或聚乙二醇6000与羟丙基甲基纤维素和海藻酸丙二醇酯的质量比为0.5-1.5:7-9:0.5-1.5;所述肠溶衣中L30D-55、RS30D、FL30D-55、NM30D、L100或L100-55与滑石粉和柠檬酸三乙酯的质量比为80-90:1-4:10-15。
结合第一方面,所述硫酸氢氯吡格雷颗粒的组分按照质量份数计包括:
所述阿司匹林丸芯的组分按照质量份数包括:
阿司匹林 | 100份 |
填充剂 | 75-100份 |
粘合剂 | 20-30份 |
结合第一方面,所述填充剂选自乳糖、微晶纤维素、糊精或预胶化淀粉中的至少一种。
结合第一方面,所述粘合剂选自羟丙基甲基纤维素或羧甲基纤维素钠。
结合第一方面,所述助流剂选自滑石粉或胶态二氧化硅。
结合第一方面,所述润滑剂选自硬脂酸镁、硬脂酸或氢化蓖麻油中的至少一种。
结合第一方面,所述崩解剂选自交联羧甲基纤维素钠、交联聚维酮或羧甲基淀粉钠中的至少一种。
本发明的第二方面提供一种含硫酸氢氯吡格雷和阿司匹林的片剂的制备方法,包括如下具体步骤:
S1、硫酸氢氯吡格雷颗粒的制备:称设计量的原辅料,过筛混合后进行干法制粒;
阿司匹林包衣微丸的制备:称量设计量的原辅料过筛混合,依次进行湿法制粒和挤出滚圆,干燥即得阿司匹林丸芯;采用流化床底喷技术对所得阿司匹林丸芯依次进行隔离层包衣和肠溶层包衣,每完成一层包衣均需进行干燥;其中,流化床进风温度为30-50℃,包衣液的流速为0.5-4g/min;隔离层包衣所用包衣液的固含量为2%-7%,增重为阿司匹林丸芯质量的10%-30%,肠溶层包衣所用包衣液的固含量为15%-30%,增重为阿司匹林丸芯和隔离层包衣总质量的25%-35%;
S2、压片:将S1所得硫酸氢氯吡格雷颗粒、阿司匹林包衣微丸和辅料按照配方量混合后压片,得片芯。
本发明提供的制备方法中采用挤出滚圆法制备阿司匹林丸芯,此法生产效率高,粉尘少,致密度高,且所得丸芯的粒度分布带窄,耐酸度强。
本发明采用流化床底喷技术,通过控制流化床进风温度和包衣液的流速,能够成功实现对阿司匹林丸芯的包衣;然后再将硫酸氢氯吡格雷颗粒和阿司匹林包衣微丸采用压片方式复合,即可得到含硫酸氢氯吡格雷和阿司匹林两种活性成分的片剂。该制备方法使用单层片压片机即可得到含两种成分的片剂,无需引进价格较贵的双层片压片机。
结合第二方面,S1所述干法制粒步骤中,螺杆转速为19-25rpm,压辊压力为10-15bar,压辊间隙为1.0-1.5mm,制粒机筛网的孔径为0.6-1.0mm,制粒转速为80-120rpm。
结合第二方面,S1所述湿法制粒中加入水、乙醇或乙醇水溶液制备软材,湿法制粒机的搅拌速度为150-250rpm,剪切速度为250-350rpm,时间18-22min;挤出滚圆步骤采用的筛网孔径为0.4-1.0mm,螺杆速度为30-50rpm,滚圆机的转速为700-1400rpm。
结合第二方面,S1所述干燥的温度为50±2℃,干燥至水分含量低于2%。
结合第二方面,该制备方法还包括将S2所得片芯包薄膜衣,薄膜衣增重为片芯质量的2%-3%。
本发明产生的有益效果如下:
本发明提供的含硫酸氢氯吡格雷和阿司匹林的片剂,将硫酸氢氯吡格雷和阿司匹林成分合二为一,显著增强了片剂抗血小板的活性;并且,在阿司匹林丸芯的隔离衣中添加海藻酸钠丙二醇酯作为pH调节剂,使得片剂中阿司匹林的稳定性更佳,对胃黏膜的刺激作用更小。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合具体实施例,对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用于解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。
实施例1
本实施例提供一种含硫酸氢氯吡格雷和阿司匹林的片剂,原辅料的组成和含量如表1所示,制备方法如下:
S1、硫酸氢氯吡格雷颗粒的制备:将设计量的原辅料过24目筛混合均匀,之后投入干法制粒机中,设定螺杆转速22rpm,压辊压力12bar,压辊间隙1.2mm,所用制粒机筛网的孔径为0.8mm,制粒转速100rpm;
阿司匹林丸芯的制备:将设计量的原辅料过20目筛混合,之后投入湿法制粒设备中,设定搅拌速度200rpm,剪切速度300rpm,保持20min;加入所称量原辅料质量的35%的水,制备软材;采用0.8mm孔径的筛网,将所得软材以40rpm的螺杆速度进行挤出,将挤出物投入多功能滚圆机中进行滚圆,设定滚圆机的转速为1000rpm,之后于50℃干燥3h,得阿司匹林丸芯;
阿司匹林包衣微丸的制备:采用流化床(型号:FLZB-3.0)底喷技术,设定流化床进风温度为40℃,包衣液的流速为2.5g/min,先对所得阿司匹林丸芯进行隔离层包衣,包衣液的固含量为5%,增重为阿司匹林丸芯质量的10%;再进行肠溶层包衣,包衣液的固含量为20%,增重为阿司匹林丸芯和隔离层包衣总质量的25%;
S2、压片:将S1所得硫酸氢氯吡格雷颗粒、阿司匹林包衣微丸和包括上述填充剂、粘合剂、助流剂、润滑剂和崩解剂在内的辅料按照配方量混合后压片,得片芯;
S3、包衣:将S2所得片芯包薄膜衣,薄膜衣增重为片芯质量的2.5%,干燥,得1000片含硫酸氢氯吡格雷和阿司匹林的片剂。
实施例2
本实施例提供一种含硫酸氢氯吡格雷和阿司匹林的片剂,原辅料的组成和含量如表1所示,制备方法如下:
S1、硫酸氢氯吡格雷颗粒的制备:将设计量的原辅料过20目筛混合均匀,之后投入干法制粒机中,设定螺杆转速19rpm,压辊压力15bar,压辊间隙1.5mm,所用制粒机筛网的孔径为0.6mm,制粒转速80rpm;
阿司匹林丸芯的制备:将设计量的原辅料过15目筛混合,之后投入湿法制粒设备中,设定搅拌速度250rpm,剪切速度350rpm,保持20min;加入所称量原辅料质量的30%的乙醇,制备软材;采用1.0mm孔径的筛网,将所得软材以30rpm的螺杆速度进行挤出,将挤出物投入多功能滚圆机中进行滚圆,设定滚圆机的转速为700rpm,之后于48℃干燥3h,得阿司匹林丸芯;
阿司匹林包衣微丸的制备:采用流化床(型号:FLZB-3.0)底喷技术,设定流化床进风温度为30℃,包衣液的流速为0.5g/min,先对所得阿司匹林丸芯进行隔离层包衣,包衣液的固含量为2%,增重为阿司匹林丸芯质量的10%;再进行肠溶层包衣,包衣液的固含量为15%,增重为阿司匹林丸芯和隔离层包衣总质量的25%;
S2、压片:将S1所得硫酸氢氯吡格雷颗粒、阿司匹林包衣微丸和包括上述填充剂、粘合剂、助流剂、润滑剂和崩解剂在内的辅料按照配方量混合后压片,得片芯;
S3、包衣:将S2所得片芯包薄膜衣,薄膜衣增重为片芯质量的2%,干燥,得1000片含硫酸氢氯吡格雷和阿司匹林的片剂。
实施例3
本实施例提供一种含硫酸氢氯吡格雷和阿司匹林的片剂,原辅料的组成和含量如表1所示,制备方法如下:
S1、硫酸氢氯吡格雷颗粒的制备:将设计量的原辅料过30目筛混合均匀,之后投入干法制粒机中,设定螺杆转速25rpm,压辊压力10bar,压辊间隙1.0mm,所用制粒机筛网的孔径为1.0mm,制粒转速120rpm;
阿司匹林丸芯的制备:将设计量的原辅料过25目筛混合,之后投入湿法制粒设备中,设定搅拌速度150rpm,剪切速度250rpm,保持20min;加入所称量原辅料质量的40%的水和乙醇体积比为1:1的混合液,制备软材;采用0.4mm孔径的筛网,将所得软材以50rpm的螺杆速度进行挤出,将挤出物投入多功能滚圆机中进行滚圆,设定滚圆机的转速为1400rpm,之后于52℃干燥3h,得阿司匹林丸芯;
阿司匹林包衣微丸的制备:采用流化床(型号:FLZB-3.0)底喷技术,设定流化床进风温度为50℃,包衣液的流速为4g/min,先对所得阿司匹林丸芯进行隔离层包衣,包衣液的固含量为7%,增重为阿司匹林丸芯质量的30%;再进行肠溶层包衣,包衣液的固含量为30%,增重为阿司匹林丸芯和隔离层包衣总质量的35%;
S2、压片:将S1所得硫酸氢氯吡格雷颗粒、阿司匹林包衣微丸和包括上述填充剂、粘合剂、助流剂、润滑剂和崩解剂在内的辅料按照配方量混合后压片,得片芯;
S3、包衣:将S2所得片芯包薄膜衣,薄膜衣增重为片芯质量的3%,干燥,得1000片含硫酸氢氯吡格雷和阿司匹林的片剂。
实施例4-5
本实施例提供一种含硫酸氢氯吡格雷和阿司匹林的片剂,原辅料的组成和含量如表1所示,制备方法同实施例1。
对比例1-2
对比例1-2分别提供一种含硫酸氢氯吡格雷和阿司匹林的片剂,原辅料的组成和含量如表1所示,制备方法均与实施例1中的制备方法相同。
对比例3
本对比例提供一种含硫酸氢氯吡格雷和阿司匹林的片剂,原辅料的组成和含量如表1所示,制备方法与实施例1中的制备方法相似,区别在于不采用湿法制粒和挤出滚圆法制备阿司匹林丸芯,而是采用离心造粒法制备阿司匹林丸芯,具体步骤如下:
S1、硫酸氢氯吡格雷颗粒的制备:同实施例1;
阿司匹林丸芯的制备:配制10%浓度的羟丙基甲基纤维素水溶液;将配方量的微晶纤维素空白丸芯(粒径为500μm以下)投入到离心造粒机中,设定转速1000rpm,温度45℃,泵速10rpm,雾化压力1bar,缓慢加入配方量的阿司匹林,制得阿司匹林丸芯;
阿司匹林包衣微丸的制备:同实施例1;
S2、压片:同实施例1;
S3、包衣:同实施例1。
表1实施例1-5和对比例1-3所用原辅料的组成和含量
检验例1
分别对实施例1和对比例3所得的阿司匹林丸芯进行粒度测试,结果如表2所示:
表2实施例1和对比例3所得阿司匹林丸芯的粒度分布情况
由表2数据可知,相比于离心造粒法制备阿司匹林丸芯,挤出滚圆法制得的阿司匹林丸芯的粒度分布带更窄,多数集中于24-50目之间,说明挤出滚圆法制得的阿司匹林丸芯的大小更均匀,更有利于后续包衣步骤的顺利实施。
检验例2
分别将实施例1和对比例3所得的阿司匹林丸芯于pH为1.2的溶液中超声2h,结果如表3所示:
表3实施例1和对比例3所得阿司匹林丸芯的耐酸度结果
由表3可知,在相同的pH条件下,采用挤出滚圆方法制备的阿司匹林丸芯的溶出量远低于采用离心造粒法制得的阿司匹林丸芯的溶出量,说明采用挤出滚圆法制得的阿司匹林丸芯的耐酸度优于离心造粒法制得的阿司匹林丸芯的耐酸度。
检验例3
分别将实施例1和对比例1-2制备所得的含硫酸氢氯吡格雷和阿司匹林的片剂进行稳定性测试,结果如表4所示:
表4实施例1和对比例1-2所得片剂的稳定性测试结果
由表4结果可知,本发明选择在隔离衣中添加海藻酸丙二醇酯作为pH调节剂,不仅可以降低片剂中阿司匹林的水解产物水杨酸的含量,同时还可以降低片剂中氯吡格雷杂质I的含量,可见,海藻酸丙二醇酯对本发明的片剂的稳定性具有显著影响。
以上所述的,仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (8)
1.一种含硫酸氢氯吡格雷和阿司匹林的片剂,其特征在于,所述片剂包括硫酸氢氯吡格雷颗粒和阿司匹林包衣微丸;所述阿司匹林包衣微丸由内向外依次为阿司匹林丸芯、隔离衣和肠溶衣,所述阿司匹林丸芯由阿司匹林、填充剂和粘合剂组成;
以100份阿司匹林为基准,所述填充剂为87.5份微晶纤维素,所述粘合剂为25份羟丙基甲基纤维素,所述隔离衣由2.13份海藻酸丙二醇酯、2.13份聚乙二醇6000和17份羟丙基甲基纤维素组成,所述肠溶衣由47.67份L30D-55、2份RS30D、2.34份滑石粉和6.43份柠檬酸三乙酯组成;
所述隔离衣增重为阿司匹林丸芯质量的10%-30%,所述肠溶衣增重为阿司匹林丸芯和隔离衣总质量的25%-35%;
在所述片剂中,所述阿司匹林包衣微丸的质量占比为30%-50%。
2.如权利要求1所述的含硫酸氢氯吡格雷和阿司匹林的片剂,其特征在于,在所述片剂中,所述硫酸氢氯吡格雷颗粒的质量占比为20%-40%。
3.如权利要求1所述的含硫酸氢氯吡格雷和阿司匹林的片剂,其特征在于,所述硫酸氢氯吡格雷颗粒的组分按照质量份数计包括:
4.如权利要求3所述的含硫酸氢氯吡格雷和阿司匹林的片剂,其特征在于,在所述硫酸氢氯吡格雷颗粒中,所述填充剂选自乳糖、微晶纤维素、糊精或预胶化淀粉中的至少一种;和/或
所述粘合剂选自羟丙基甲基纤维素或羧甲基纤维素钠;和/或
所述助流剂选自滑石粉或胶态二氧化硅;和/或
所述润滑剂选自硬脂酸镁、硬脂酸或氢化蓖麻油中的至少一种;和/或
所述崩解剂选自交联羧甲基纤维素钠、交联聚维酮或羧甲基淀粉钠中的至少一种。
5.权利要求1-4任一项所述的含硫酸氢氯吡格雷和阿司匹林的片剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述制备方法包括如下具体步骤:
S1、硫酸氢氯吡格雷颗粒的制备:称设计量的原辅料,过筛混合后进行干法制粒;
阿司匹林包衣微丸的制备:称量设计量的原辅料过筛混合,依次进行湿法制粒和挤出滚圆,干燥即得阿司匹林丸芯;采用流化床底喷技术对所得阿司匹林丸芯依次进行隔离层包衣和肠溶层包衣,每完成一层包衣均需进行干燥;其中,流化床进风温度为30-50℃,包衣液的流速为0.5-4g/min;隔离层包衣所用包衣液的固含量为2%-7%,肠溶层包衣所用包衣液的固含量为15%-30%;
S2、压片:将S1所得硫酸氢氯吡格雷颗粒、阿司匹林包衣微丸和辅料按照配方量混合后压片,得片芯。
6.如权利要求5所述的含硫酸氢氯吡格雷和阿司匹林的片剂的制备方法,其特征在于,S1所述干法制粒步骤中,螺杆转速为19-25rpm,压辊压力为10-15bar,压辊间隙为1.0-1.5mm,制粒机筛网的孔径为0.6-1.0mm,制粒转速为80-120rpm;和/或
S1所述湿法制粒中加入水、乙醇或乙醇水溶液制备软材,湿法制粒机的搅拌速度为150-250rpm,剪切速度为250-350rpm,时间18-22min;挤出滚圆步骤采用的筛网孔径为0.4-1.0mm,螺杆速度为30-50rpm,滚圆机的转速为700-1400rpm。
7.如权利要求5所述的含硫酸氢氯吡格雷和阿司匹林的片剂的制备方法,其特征在于,S1所述干燥的温度为50±2℃,干燥至水分含量低于2%。
8.如权利要求5所述的含硫酸氢氯吡格雷和阿司匹林的片剂的制备方法,其特征在于,还包括将S2所得片芯包薄膜衣,薄膜衣增重为片芯质量的2%-3%。
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