CN116609447A - 一种同时检测多种蛋白的液相色谱分析方法 - Google Patents
一种同时检测多种蛋白的液相色谱分析方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种同时检测多种蛋白的液相色谱分析方法,采用以无孔树脂为固定相、以含Cl‑的Tris梯度洗脱相的阴离子液相色谱法,所述无孔树脂表面键合亲水聚合物纳米薄层,所述纳米薄层上修饰季铵基基团,所述蛋白的等电点不同,所述洗脱相的pH大于所述蛋白的等电点。本发明仅通过一次阴离子液相色谱法就可以对多种蛋白质同时进行分离纯化,近似达到基线分离,整体方法简单、经济、高效,且流动相环保,适用于等电点不同蛋白质的分离,特别适用于尿液中的白蛋白、转铁蛋白、视黄醇结合蛋白、β2微球蛋白和α1微球蛋白等蛋白的检测、分离。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及蛋白纯化领域,尤其涉及一种同时检测多种蛋白的液相色谱分析方法。
背景技术
高效液相色谱(High Performance Liquid Chromatography,HPLC)又叫高压、高速、近代液相色谱,通常叫做高效液相色谱。它是60年代中期才建立的一种高效快速分离化合物的方法,到了70年代后期才广泛用于蛋白质的分离纯化方面,现已成为分离纯化蛋白质非常有效的方法之一,几乎所有的蛋白质根据它们的性质差别(等电点、疏水性、分子量、电荷分布等)都可以用不同HPLC方法进行分离提纯。一般情况下,按分离过程机理液相色谱可以分为吸附色谱、分配色谱、离子交换色谱和体积排除色谱。
高效液相色谱多用于单个蛋白质的分离纯化,用于同时对多种蛋白的分离纯化较少,特别是对尿液中的白蛋白、转铁蛋白、视黄醇结合蛋白、β2微球蛋白、α1微球蛋白等蛋白质。目前,可对上述多种蛋白分析的技术主要有电泳技术、高度集成的蛋白生化分析技术、化学发光技术等,其中电泳技术操作繁琐、干扰因素多、结果不稳定、无法定量分析;生化分析技术的伪浊度会造成定量结果的不准确性,且不同种类的蛋白通常需分别检测;化学发光技术复杂,成本高。因此,探究一种高效、经济、可同时对多种蛋白质进行分离提纯的方法尤为重要,特别是对白蛋白、转铁蛋白、视黄醇结合蛋白、β2微球蛋白、α1微球蛋白这五种蛋白质的分离纯化。而高效液相色谱法具有可一次进样多种蛋白、仪器成本低、可直接检测免疫活性和非免疫活性的蛋白等优点,因此被视为用于同时分离纯化多种蛋白质的潜在有效方法。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种同时检测多种蛋白的液相色谱分析方法,可以简单、高效的同时对等电点不同的蛋白质分离,尤其是对白蛋白、转铁蛋白、视黄醇结合蛋白、β2微球蛋白、α1微球蛋白这五种蛋白质进行分离纯化。
为了实现上述目的,本发明采用如下技术方案:采用以无孔树脂为固定相、以含Cl-的Tris梯度洗脱相的阴离子液相色谱法同时检测多种蛋白,所述无孔树脂表面键合亲水聚合物纳米薄层,所述纳米薄层上修饰季铵基基团,所述蛋白的等电点不同,所述洗脱相的pH大于所述蛋白的等电点。
进一步地,所述蛋白的等电点均小于8,所述蛋白为白蛋白、转铁蛋白、视黄醇结合蛋白、β2微球蛋白、α1微球蛋白中的一种或多种。
进一步地,所述无孔树脂为聚苯乙烯/二乙烯苯(PS/DVB)树脂颗粒,粒径为1.7-10μm。
进一步地,所述无孔聚苯乙烯/二乙烯苯(PS/DVB)树脂颗粒的粒径为5 μm。
进一步地,所述洗脱相为A相和B相组成的混合相,所述A相为20 mM Tris-HCl,pH=8.0,所述B相为20 mM Tris-HCl+500 mM NaCl,pH=8.0。
进一步地,所述洗脱相的洗脱方式为梯度洗脱,流速为0.5 mL/min。
进一步地,所述梯度洗脱条件为:
0-0.5 min 0%B
0.5-7.0 min 0-100%B
7.0-7.1 min 100-0%B
7.1-15 min 0%B。
进一步地,所述阴离子液相色谱法采用的色谱柱为Proteomix SAX NP5,4.6×50mm,Sepax。
进一步地,紫外检测波长为210 nm和280 nm。
进一步地,所述分析方法具体包括以下步骤:
蛋白样品配置:配置白蛋白、转铁蛋白、视黄醇结合蛋白、β2微球蛋白和α1微球蛋白的混标样本;
色谱柱:Proteomix SAX NP5,4.6×50 mm,Sepax,阴离子交换分析柱;
流动相A:20 mM Tris-HCl,pH=8.0;
流动相B:20 mM Tris-HCl,500 mM NaCl,pH=8.0;
洗脱梯度:
0-0.5 min 0%B
0.5-7.0 min 0-100%B
7.0-7.1 min 100-0%B
7.1-15 min 0%B
检测器:紫外检测波长210、280 nm;
柱温:室温;
流速:0.5 mL/min;
进样体积:5 μL。
本发明的机理:本发明采用阴离子高效液相色谱分析方法,通过调控固定相填料、蛋白质和洗脱相三者之间竞争力结合的强弱来分离多种等电点(Isoelectric Point,pI)不同的蛋白质。在该发明中,固定相填料为无孔聚苯乙烯/二乙烯苯(PS/DVB)树脂颗粒,其表面含有纳米亲水层,且在亲水层上键合了三维强阴离子交换基团—季胺基。参与分离的蛋白质的等电点均不相同且小于8,通过调节洗脱相的pH(如pH=8.0)使其大于蛋白质的等电点,此时这些蛋白质带上负电被带正电的固定相吸附。然后在梯度洗脱过程中,不断增加流动相B的比例,流动相B中的Cl-离子与五种蛋白竞争结合固定相,使得五种蛋白会按照结合力由弱到强的顺序依次流出,完成分离。
有益效果:本发明仅通过一次阴离子液相色谱法就可以对多种蛋白质同时进行分离纯化,近似达到基线分离,整体方法简单、经济、高效,且流动相环保,适用于等电点不同蛋白质的分离,特别适用于尿液中的白蛋白、转铁蛋白、视黄醇结合蛋白、β2微球蛋白和α1微球蛋白等蛋白的检测、分离。
附图说明
图1为210 nm检测波长谱图;
图2为210 nm检测波长放大谱图;
图3为280 nm检测波长谱图;
图4为280 nm检测波长放大谱图。
实施方式
本发明提供了一种同时检测多种蛋白的液相色谱分析方法,检测方法为阴离子高效液相色谱法:采用Proteomix SAX NP5、4.6×50 mm、Sepax、阴离子交换分析柱(苏州赛分科技股份有限公司,型号403NP5-4605),流动相为A相和B相的混合相(A相:20 mM Tris-HCl,pH=8.0;B相:20 mM Tris-HCl+500 mM NaCl,pH=8.0),洗脱方式为梯度洗脱,流速为0.5 mL/min,柱温为室温,紫外检测波长为210 nm和280 nm,通过阴离子高效液相色谱法可以同时对白蛋白、转铁蛋白、视黄醇结合蛋白、β2微球蛋白、α1微球蛋白这五种蛋白质进行分离纯化。
其中阴离子交换分析柱Proteomix SAX NP5采用的填料为刚性、球形、高交联度的无孔聚苯乙烯/二乙烯苯(PS/DVB)树脂颗粒,粒径可以为1.7 μm、3 μm、5 μm、10 μm,优选5μm,所述树脂表面键合有一层高度亲水的纳米级厚度的中性聚合物薄层,疏水的 PS/DVB树脂表面完全被这种亲水材料覆盖,从而消除了 PS/DVB 对生物分子的不可逆吸附,保证了其具有很高的分离效率和生物样品回收率;所述聚合物薄层表面致密均匀地化学键合了强阴离子交换功能基团(季胺基)。这种固定相填料具有三个特点:首先,纳米级厚度的亲水层完全消除了载体与生物样品之间的非特异性相互作用;其次,无孔颗粒结构使样品的横向扩散达到最小,同时抑制了其向填料颗粒内部的扩散;第三,运用赛分独有的化学键合技术,在亲水层键合三维强阴离子交换基团,可为蛋白质、寡核苷酸、糖类和多肽等提供最好的分辨率和分离效率。
由于固定相填料带正电,而白蛋白、转铁蛋白、视黄醇结合蛋白、β2微球蛋白、α1微球蛋白的等电点(Isoelectric Point,pI)均小于8,在pH=8.0的环境下,这些蛋白质释放质子带负电,因此固定相和蛋白之间有静电作用等结合力。由于五种蛋白等电点不同,固定相与五种蛋白之间的静电作用力的大小也不同。梯度洗脱过程中,不断增加流动相B的比例,流动相B中的Cl-离子与五种蛋白竞争结合固定相,使得五种蛋白会按照结合力由弱到强的顺序依次流出,完成分离。通常情况下,蛋白质的流出顺序按等电点从高到低流出。
表1
下面将结合本发明实施例的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
1)、配置蛋白样本
使用移液器分别吸取20 μL 1.0 mg/mL的β2微球蛋白(B2M)和视黄醇结合蛋白(RBP4),10 μL 2.0 mg/mL的转铁蛋白(TRF),20 μL 2.0 mg/mL的白蛋白(HSA),40 μL 2.0mg/mL的α1微球蛋白(A1M)和110 μL稀释溶剂超纯水,得到混标样本1,稀释后的各蛋白浓度为:β2微球蛋白(B2M)、转铁蛋白(TRF)、视黄醇结合蛋白(RBP4)的浓度为0.1 mg/mL,白蛋白(HSA)的浓度为0.2 mg/mL,α1微球蛋白(A1M)的浓度为0.4 mg/mL。
2)、配置流动相A
称取2.4228 g三羟甲基氨基甲烷(Tris),溶解于1 L超纯水中,使用盐酸(HCl)调节pH至8.0,再经过0.45 μm亲水性滤膜过滤得到流动相A。
3)、配置流动相B
称取2.4228 g三羟甲基氨基甲烷(Tris)和29.2214 g氯化钠(NaCl),溶解于1 L超纯水中,使用盐酸(HCl)调节pH至8.0,再经过0.45 μm亲水性滤膜过滤得到流动相B。
4)、高效液相色谱条件:
色谱柱:Proteomix SAX NP5,4.6×50 mm,Sepax,阴离子交换分析柱
流动相A:20 mM Tris-HCl,pH=8.0
流动相B:20 mM Tris-HCl,500 mM NaCl,pH=8.0
洗脱梯度:
0-0.5min 0%B
0.5-7.0min 0-100%B
7.0-7.1min 100-0%B
7.1-15min 0%B
检测器:紫外检测波长210、280 nm
柱温:室温
进样体积:5 μL。
吸取上述混标样本1溶液5 μL,采用Proteomix SAX NP5、4.6×50 mm、Sepax、阴离子交换分析柱(苏州赛分科技股份有限公司,型号403NP5-4605)进行分离纯化,流动相为A相和B相的混合相(A相:20 mM Tris-HCl,pH=8.0;B相:20 mM Tris-HCl+500 mM NaCl,pH=8.0),洗脱方式为梯度洗脱,流速为0.5 mL/min,柱温为室温,紫外检测波长为210和280nm,具体步骤如上述高效液相条件所述。
图1和图3分别给出了210 nm和280 nm处的检测波长谱图,图2和图4分别为其放大图。可以看出,除了在响应程度上存在略微差异外,都可以很好地对这5中蛋白进行检测,5种蛋白的流出顺序为:β2微球蛋白(B2M)、转铁蛋白(TRF)、视黄醇结合蛋白(RBP4)、α1微球蛋白(A1M)、白蛋白(HSA)。其中,β2微球蛋白(B2M)、转铁蛋白(TRF)、视黄醇结合蛋白(RBP4)、白蛋白(HSA)可达到基线分离;视黄醇结合蛋白(RBP4)和α1微球蛋白(A1M)会有部分重合,但可利用高效液相色谱仪分析软件进行峰切分处理。
以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想。应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以对本发明进行若干改进和修饰,这些改进和修饰也落入本发明权利要求的保护范围内。
Claims (10)
1.一种同时检测多种蛋白的液相色谱分析方法,其特征在于,所述分析方法采用以无孔树脂为固定相、以含Cl-的Tris梯度洗脱相的阴离子液相色谱法,所述无孔树脂表面键合亲水聚合物纳米薄层,所述纳米薄层上修饰季铵基基团,所述蛋白的等电点不同,所述洗脱相的pH大于所述蛋白的等电点。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种同时检测多种蛋白的液相色谱分析方法,其特征在于,所述蛋白的等电点均小于8,所述蛋白为白蛋白、转铁蛋白、视黄醇结合蛋白、β2微球蛋白、α1微球蛋白中的一种或多种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种同时检测多种蛋白的液相色谱分析方法,其特征在于,所述无孔树脂为聚苯乙烯/二乙烯苯(PS/DVB)树脂颗粒,粒径为1.7-10 μm。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种同时检测多种蛋白的液相色谱分析方法,其特征在于,所述无孔聚苯乙烯/二乙烯苯(PS/DVB)树脂颗粒的粒径为5 μm。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种同时检测多种蛋白的液相色谱分析方法,其特征在于,所述洗脱相为A相和B相组成的混合相,所述A相为20 mM Tris-HCl,pH=8.0,所述B相为20 mMTris-HCl+500 mM NaCl,pH=8.0。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种同时检测多种蛋白的液相色谱分析方法,其特征在于,所述洗脱相的洗脱方式为梯度洗脱,流速为0.5 mL/min。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种同时检测多种蛋白的液相色谱分析方法,其特征在于,所述梯度洗脱条件为:
0-0.5 min 0%B
0.5-7.0 min 0-100%B
7.0-7.1 min 100-0%B
7.1-15 min 0%B。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种同时检测多种蛋白的液相色谱分析方法,其特征在于,所述阴离子液相色谱法采用的色谱柱为Proteomix SAX NP5,4.6×50 mm,Sepax。
9.根据权利要求1所述的一种同时检测多种蛋白的液相色谱分析方法,其特征在于,紫外检测波长为210 nm和280 nm。
10.根据权利要求1-9任一项所述的一种同时检测多种蛋白的液相色谱分析方法,其特征在于,所述分析方法具体包括以下步骤:
蛋白样品配置:配置白蛋白、转铁蛋白、视黄醇结合蛋白、β2微球蛋白和α1微球蛋白的混标样本;
色谱柱:Proteomix SAX NP5,4.6×50 mm,Sepax,阴离子交换分析柱;
流动相A:20 mM Tris-HCl,pH=8.0;
流动相B:20 mM Tris-HCl,500 mM NaCl,pH=8.0;
洗脱梯度:
0-0.5 min 0%B
0.5-7.0 min 0-100%B
7.0-7.1 min 100-0%B
7.1-15 min 0%B
检测器:紫外检测波长210、280 nm;
柱温:室温;
流速:0.5 mL/min;
进样体积:5 μL。
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