CN116607099A - Large roller composite heat treatment process - Google Patents
Large roller composite heat treatment process Download PDFInfo
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- CN116607099A CN116607099A CN202310679662.5A CN202310679662A CN116607099A CN 116607099 A CN116607099 A CN 116607099A CN 202310679662 A CN202310679662 A CN 202310679662A CN 116607099 A CN116607099 A CN 116607099A
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000005256 carbonitriding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 37
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 37
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical group CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical group OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 21
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZPIZRHAHXTZZPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanol;propane Chemical compound OC.CCC ZPIZRHAHXTZZPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010407 vacuum cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/28—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases more than one element being applied in one step
- C23C8/30—Carbo-nitriding
- C23C8/32—Carbo-nitriding of ferrous surfaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/36—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for balls; for rollers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/34—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases more than one element being applied in more than one step
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/80—After-treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/008—Martensite
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
The invention discloses a large roller composite heat treatment process in the technical field of bearing preparation, which comprises the following steps: s1: conveying the bearing roller after mechanical processing into a vacuum cleaner for cleaning and drying; s2: putting the product in the step S1 into a heating furnace for carburizing treatment, and then putting into an oil tank for quenching and stirring at a high speed; s3: the product in the step S2 is sent into a vacuum cleaner again for cleaning and drying; s4: sending the product of the step S3 into a tempering furnace for tempering treatment; s5: delivering the product of the step S4 into a heating furnace for carbonitriding treatment, and then placing the product into an oil tank for quenching and stirring at a high speed; s6: the product in the step S5 is sent into a vacuum cleaner again for cleaning and drying; s7: sending the product in the step S6 into a tempering furnace for tempering again; according to the invention, the carbonitriding treatment is performed on the basis of carburizing and quenching by the large roller composite heat treatment process, so that the mechanical property is improved, and the surface hardness is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of bearing preparation, and particularly relates to a large roller composite heat treatment process.
Background
The roller is a component bearing load when the bearing runs, is the weakest part in the roller bearing, and the manufacturing quality of the roller bearing has great influence on the working performance of the bearing, such as rotation precision, vibration, noise, flexibility and the like, and is a main factor influencing the service life of the bearing; the prior large roller is generally made of 20CrNi2MoH bearing steel, and is mainly used for related bearings of wind power generation, rail transit, automobile parts and the like, and the bearing parts have higher quality requirements on the large roller such as higher precision, service life, dimensional stability, impact resistance and the like.
The existing heat treatment process of the large roller is simple carburizing, quenching and tempering, the manufactured bearing roller has poor performance and dimensional stability, low precision and short service life, and cannot meet the market demands.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the situation, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a large roller composite heat treatment process, and in order to solve the problems of poor performance and dimensional stability, low precision and short service life of the existing bearing roller, the invention carries out carbonitriding treatment on the basis of simple carburizing and quenching by the large roller composite heat treatment process, thereby not only improving the mechanical property, but also improving the surface hardness and the market application range of the large roller; after carbonitriding treatment, compared with a carburized layer, the carburized layer has higher surface hardness and good wear resistance, and also has certain corrosion resistance, and the fatigue limit of the steel is improved due to residual compressive stress of the co-carburized layer; compared with nitriding, the co-cementation layer has deep depth, small surface brittleness and better toughness; because nitrogen infiltration improves the hardenability of the infiltration layer, carburization temperature is lower and a slow cooling medium is used for quenching after co-infiltration, the deformation of the large roller is reduced, the grain size and the structure are refined by secondary quenching, the austenite grain size is finer than carburization, and the core toughness of the large roller is improved; the secondary tempering can improve the elastic limit and the load bearing capacity of the large roller, further improve the strength of the large roller, ensure that the large roller has better dimensional stability and greatly improve the service life of the large roller.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the invention provides a large roller composite heat treatment process, which comprises the following steps of:
s1: conveying the bearing roller after mechanical processing into a vacuum cleaner for cleaning and drying;
s2: putting the product in the step S1 into a heating furnace for carburizing treatment, then putting into an oil tank for quenching, and stirring at a high speed;
s3: the product in the step S2 is sent into a vacuum cleaner again for cleaning and drying;
s4: sending the product of the step S3 into a tempering furnace for tempering treatment;
s5: delivering the product of the step S4 into a heating furnace for carbonitriding treatment, then placing the product into an oil tank for quenching, and stirring at a high speed;
s6: the product in the step S5 is sent into a vacuum cleaner again for cleaning and drying;
s7: and (3) sending the product in the step S6 into a tempering furnace for tempering again.
Further, the cleaning parameters are: soaking in ultrasonic wave for 400-600s, spraying for 440-640s, and vacuum drying for 800-1200s.
Further, the carburizing treatment process comprises the following steps: heating to 930+ -10deg.C in a heating furnace, introducing rich gas, controlling carbon potential to 1.2+ -0.03%, maintaining for 7-8 hr, controlling carbon potential to 1.0+ -0.03%, maintaining for 7-8 hr, controlling carbon potential to 1.1+ -0.03%, maintaining for 7-8 hr, controlling carbon potential to 0.8+ -0.03%, maintaining for 7-8 hr, and cooling to 850+ -10deg.C under the condition of maintaining carbon potential unchanged, and homogenizing for 0.5-1 hr.
Further, the enriching gas in the carburizing treatment is propane, and the quenching temperature of the oil groove is 60+/-10 ℃.
Further, the tempering treatment is tempering and heating to 160-200 ℃, and keeping for 2-3h.
Further, the carbonitriding treatment process comprises the following steps: heating to 850+ -10deg.C in a heating furnace, introducing ammonia gas and enriched gas, controlling carbon potential to 1.0+ -0.03%, maintaining for 4-5 hr, changing enriched gas flow, controlling carbon potential to 0.8+ -0.03%, and maintaining for 2-3 hr.
Further, the flow rate of the ammonia gas is controlled to be 2.5+/-0.05L/min, and the enriching gas in the carbonitriding treatment is propane.
Further, the heating furnace type is a pre-vacuumizing box type gas carbonitriding furnace, and the protective atmosphere of the heating furnace is methanol.
The beneficial effects obtained by the method are as follows:
(1) According to the invention, through the large roller composite heat treatment process, carbonitriding treatment is performed on the basis of simple carburizing and quenching, so that not only is the mechanical property improved, but also the surface hardness is improved, and the market application range of the large roller is improved;
(2) After carbonitriding treatment, compared with a carburized layer, the carburized layer has higher surface hardness and good wear resistance, and also has certain corrosion resistance, and the fatigue limit of the steel is improved due to residual compressive stress of the co-carburized layer; compared with nitriding, the co-cementation layer has deep depth, small surface brittleness and better toughness;
(3) Because nitrogen infiltration improves the hardenability of the infiltration layer, carburization temperature is lower and a slow cooling medium is used for quenching after co-infiltration, the deformation of the large roller is reduced, the grain size and the structure are refined by secondary quenching, the austenite grain size is finer than carburization, and the core toughness of the large roller is improved;
(4) The secondary tempering can improve the elastic limit and the load bearing capacity of the large roller, further improve the strength of the large roller, ensure that the large roller has better dimensional stability and greatly improve the service life of the large roller;
(5) Vacuum cleaning and drying are carried out on the large roller, so that impurities on the surface of the large roller can be cleaned, and the next operation is prevented from being influenced by the impurities;
(6) Performing a heat treatment process in the atmosphere of methanol-propane, wherein the methanol-propane is decomposed to generate active carbon atoms, the active carbon atoms are absorbed by the surface of the large roller and then are dissolved into surface austenite, so that the carbon content in the austenite is increased, the carbon content on the surface of the large roller is increased, the concentration difference between the carbon content on the surface of the large roller and the carbon content in the core is generated, the carbon on the surface diffuses inwards, the gradient carbon potential controls the strong diffusion time proportion, the penetration of the active carbon atoms into the core of the large roller is facilitated, and a carburized layer is deeper, so that the hardness is greatly improved;
(7) After primary quenching treatment, the austenite structure in the large roller is largely converted into a martensite structure, so that the strength and hardness of the large roller are greatly improved, the large roller is tempered for the first time, supersaturated carbon atoms in martensite are separated out, and carbide Fe is formed x And C, obtaining a tempered martensite structure, wherein the stress generated by phase transformation of the large roller and the heat treatment residual stress can be removed by one-time tempering, so that the performance is obviously improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a primary carburizing, quenching and tempering process in a large roller composite heat treatment process in the invention;
fig. 2 is a flow chart of quenching and tempering for secondary carbonitriding in a large roller composite heat treatment process.
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the invention and together with the embodiments of the invention, serve to explain the invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention; all other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the examples of the present invention, unless specifically indicated, the raw materials or treatment techniques are all conventional commercially available raw materials or conventional treatment techniques in the art.
Example 1
The invention provides a large roller composite heat treatment process, which comprises the following steps:
s1: conveying the bearing roller after mechanical processing into a vacuum cleaner for cleaning and drying;
s2: putting the product in the step S1 into a heating furnace for carburizing treatment, then putting into an oil tank for quenching, and stirring at a high speed;
s3: the product in the step S2 is sent into a vacuum cleaner again for cleaning and drying;
s4: sending the product of the step S3 into a tempering furnace for tempering treatment;
s5: delivering the product of the step S4 into a heating furnace for carbonitriding treatment, then placing the product into an oil tank for quenching, and stirring at a high speed;
s6: the product in the step S5 is sent into a vacuum cleaner again for cleaning and drying;
s7: and (3) sending the product in the step S6 into a tempering furnace for tempering again.
Wherein, the cleaning parameters are as follows: soaking for 500s by ultrasonic waves; spraying for 540s; and vacuum drying for 1000s.
Wherein, the carburizing treatment process comprises the following steps: heating to 930 ℃ in a heating furnace, introducing enriched gas, controlling the carbon potential to be 1.2%, keeping for 7.5 hours, controlling the carbon potential to be 1.0%, keeping for 7.5 hours, controlling the carbon potential to be 1.1%, keeping for 7.5 hours, controlling the carbon potential to be 0.8%, keeping for 7.5 hours, keeping the carbon potential to be 0.8%, and cooling to 850 ℃ and homogenizing for 0.5 hour.
Wherein, the enriched gas in the carburizing treatment is propane, and the quenching temperature of the oil groove is 60 ℃.
Wherein, tempering treatment is tempering and heating to 180 ℃ and keeping for 2 hours.
Wherein, the carbonitriding treatment process comprises the following steps: heating to 850 ℃, introducing ammonia gas and enriched gas, controlling the carbon potential to be 1.0%, keeping for 4 hours, changing the enriched gas flow, controlling the carbon potential to be 0.8%, and keeping for 2 hours.
Wherein the flow rate of ammonia gas is controlled to be 2.5L/min, and the enriched gas in carbonitriding treatment is propane.
Wherein, the furnace type of the heating furnace is a pre-vacuumized box type gas carbonitriding furnace, and the protective atmosphere of the heating furnace is methanol.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a large roller composite heat treatment process, which comprises the following steps:
s1: conveying the bearing roller after mechanical processing into a vacuum cleaner for cleaning and drying;
s2: putting the product in the step S1 into a heating furnace for carburizing treatment, then putting into an oil tank for quenching, and stirring at a high speed;
s3: the product in the step S2 is sent into a vacuum cleaner again for cleaning and drying;
s4: sending the product of the step S3 into a tempering furnace for tempering treatment;
s5: delivering the product of the step S4 into a heating furnace for carbonitriding treatment, then placing the product into an oil tank for quenching, and stirring at a high speed;
s6: the product in the step S5 is sent into a vacuum cleaner again for cleaning and drying;
s7: and (3) sending the product in the step S6 into a tempering furnace for tempering again.
Wherein, the cleaning parameters are as follows: soaking for 400s by ultrasonic waves; spraying for 440s; and vacuum drying for 800s.
Wherein, the carburizing treatment process comprises the following steps: heating to 920 ℃ in a heating furnace, introducing enriched gas, controlling the carbon potential to be 1.17%, keeping for 7 hours, controlling the carbon potential to be 0.97%, keeping for 7 hours, controlling the carbon potential to be 1.07%, keeping for 7 hours, controlling the carbon potential to be 0.77%, keeping the carbon potential to be 0.77%, cooling to 850 ℃ and homogenizing for 0.5 hours.
Wherein, the enriched gas in the carburizing treatment is propane, and the quenching temperature of the oil groove is 60 ℃.
Wherein, tempering treatment is tempering and heating to 180 ℃ and keeping for 2 hours.
Wherein, the carbonitriding treatment process comprises the following steps: heating to 840 ℃, introducing ammonia gas and enriched gas, controlling the carbon potential to be 0.97%, maintaining for 4 hours, changing the enriched gas flow, controlling the carbon potential to be 0.77%, and maintaining for 2 hours.
Wherein the flow rate of ammonia gas is controlled to be 2.45L/min, and the enriched gas in carbonitriding treatment is propane.
Wherein, the furnace type of the heating furnace is a pre-vacuumized box type gas carbonitriding furnace, and the protective atmosphere of the heating furnace is methanol.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example provides a large roller composite heat treatment process, which comprises the following steps:
s1: conveying the bearing roller after mechanical processing into a vacuum cleaner for cleaning and drying;
s2: putting the product in the step S1 into a heating furnace for carburizing treatment, then putting into an oil tank for quenching, and stirring at a high speed;
s3: the product in the step S2 is sent into a vacuum cleaner again for cleaning and drying;
s4: and (3) sending the product of the step S3 into a tempering furnace for tempering treatment.
Wherein, the cleaning parameters are as follows: soaking for 500s by ultrasonic waves; spraying for 540s; drying for 1000s.
Wherein, the carburizing treatment process comprises the following steps: heating to 930 ℃ in a heating furnace, introducing enriched gas, controlling the carbon potential to be 1.2%, keeping for 27h, controlling the carbon potential to be 0.8%, keeping for 7h, keeping the carbon potential to be 0.8% unchanged, cooling to 830 ℃, and homogenizing the temperature for 0.5h.
Wherein, the enriched gas in the carburizing treatment is propane, and the quenching temperature of the oil groove is 60 ℃.
Wherein, tempering treatment is tempering and heating to 180 ℃ and keeping for 2 hours.
Wherein, the furnace type of the heating furnace is a pre-vacuumized box type gas carbonitriding furnace, and the protective atmosphere of the heating furnace is methanol.
Performance testing
With reference to the standard of GB/T228.1-2010, the breaking stress and the surface hardness are tested by the room temperature stretching method, and the service life test requirements are as follows: the same batch of bearings work under the same working condition, wherein 90% of the bearings can operate at the total revolution or the working hours at a certain rotating speed before fatigue pitting corrosion is generated, the test sample capacity is 10 groups, and the test load is P:30%.
Table 1A large roller composite heat treatment process
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 2 and table 1, compared with the existing heat treatment process, the surface, core hardness and hardening layer depth of the embodiment of the invention are greatly improved by adopting the large roller composite heat treatment process provided by the invention, and metallographic structure grains are obviously thinned and homogenized; the load strength and fatigue strength of the large roller are also improved due to the improvement of the surface and core hardness and the refinement of the structure.
Wherein the surface hardness, effective hardness layer, core hardness, fracture stress and service life in example 1 are optimal, the surface hardness reaches 60HRC, the effective hardness layer reaches 2.80mm, the core hardness reaches 45.5HRC, the fracture stress reaches 1200KN, and the service life reaches 9.65×10 8 Secondly, the introduced materials are required to be added in a certain amount, and the performance is influenced by too much or too little, so that the mechanical property is improved, the surface hardness is improved, and the market application range of the large roller is improved; after carbonitriding treatment, compared with a carburized layer, the carburized layer has higher surface hardness and good wear resistance, and also has certain corrosion resistance, and the fatigue limit of the steel is improved due to residual compressive stress of the co-carburized layer; compared with nitriding, the co-cementation layer has the advantages of deep depth, small surface brittleness and better toughness, reduces the deformation of the large roller, and improves the core toughness of the large roller; the secondary tempering can improve the elastic limit and the load bearing capacity of the large roller, further improve the strength of the large roller, ensure that the large roller has better dimensional stability and greatly improve the service life of the large roller.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
The invention and its embodiments have been described above with no limitation, and the invention is illustrated in the figures of the accompanying drawings as one of its embodiments, without limitation in practice. In summary, if one of ordinary skill in the art is informed by this disclosure, the preparation method and the embodiment similar to the technical scheme are not creatively designed without departing from the gist of the present invention, and all the preparation method and the embodiment are included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A large roller composite heat treatment process, characterized in that the process comprises the following steps:
s1: conveying the bearing roller after mechanical processing into a vacuum cleaner for cleaning and drying;
s2: putting the product in the step S1 into a heating furnace for carburizing treatment, then putting into an oil tank for quenching, and stirring at a high speed;
s3: the product in the step S2 is sent into a vacuum cleaner again for cleaning and drying;
s4: sending the product of the step S3 into a tempering furnace for tempering treatment;
s5: delivering the product of the step S4 into a heating furnace for carbonitriding treatment, then placing the product into an oil tank for quenching, and stirring at a high speed;
s6: the product in the step S5 is sent into a vacuum cleaner again for cleaning and drying;
s7: and (3) sending the product in the step S6 into a tempering furnace for tempering again.
2. The large roller composite heat treatment process according to claim 1, wherein: the cleaning parameters are as follows: soaking in ultrasonic wave for 400-600s, spraying for 440-640s, and vacuum drying for 800-1200s.
3. The large roller composite heat treatment process according to claim 2, wherein: the carburizing treatment process comprises the following steps: heating to 930+ -10deg.C in a heating furnace, introducing rich gas, controlling carbon potential to 1.2+ -0.03%, maintaining for 7-8 hr, controlling carbon potential to 1.0+ -0.03%, maintaining for 7-8 hr, controlling carbon potential to 1.1+ -0.03%, maintaining for 7-8 hr, controlling carbon potential to 0.8+ -0.03%, maintaining for 7-8 hr, and cooling to 850+ -10deg.C under the condition of maintaining carbon potential unchanged, and homogenizing for 0.5-1 hr.
4. A large roller composite heat treatment process according to claim 3, wherein: the enriched gas in the carburizing treatment is propane.
5. The large roller composite heat treatment process according to claim 4, wherein: the quenching temperature of the oil groove is 60+/-10 ℃.
6. The large roller composite heat treatment process according to claim 5, wherein: the tempering treatment is tempering and heating to 160-200 ℃ and keeping for 2-3h.
7. The large roller composite heat treatment process according to claim 6, wherein: the carbonitriding treatment process comprises the following steps: heating to 850+ -10deg.C in a heating furnace, introducing ammonia gas and enriched gas, controlling carbon potential to 1.0+ -0.03%, maintaining for 4-5 hr, changing enriched gas flow, controlling carbon potential to 0.8+ -0.03%, and maintaining for 2-3 hr.
8. The large roller composite heat treatment process according to claim 7, wherein: the flow rate of the ammonia gas is controlled to be 2.5+/-0.05L/min, and the enriched gas in the carbonitriding treatment is propane.
9. The large roller composite heat treatment process according to claim 8, wherein: the heating furnace type is a pre-vacuumizing box type gas carbonitriding furnace.
10. The large roller composite heat treatment process according to claim 9, wherein: the protective atmosphere of the heating furnace is methanol.
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