CN116602206A - Cultivation method of low-temperature-resistant asparagus variety - Google Patents
Cultivation method of low-temperature-resistant asparagus variety Download PDFInfo
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- CN116602206A CN116602206A CN202310766349.5A CN202310766349A CN116602206A CN 116602206 A CN116602206 A CN 116602206A CN 202310766349 A CN202310766349 A CN 202310766349A CN 116602206 A CN116602206 A CN 116602206A
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- 235000005340 Asparagus officinalis Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 244000003416 Asparagus officinalis Species 0.000 title 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 241000234427 Asparagus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract 5
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000010152 pollination Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbendazim Natural products C1=CC=C2NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FFEARJCKVFRZRR-BYPYZUCNSA-N L-methionine Chemical compound CSCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O FFEARJCKVFRZRR-BYPYZUCNSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 102000015636 Oligopeptides Human genes 0.000 claims description 3
- 108010038807 Oligopeptides Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbendazim Chemical compound C1=C[CH]C2=NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006013 carbendazim Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- BVTBRVFYZUCAKH-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium selenite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Se]([O-])=O BVTBRVFYZUCAKH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930182817 methionine Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960001471 sodium selenite Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015921 sodium selenite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011781 sodium selenite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004563 wettable powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005562 seed maturation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 241000146313 Parnassius apollo Species 0.000 description 7
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 208000020584 Polyploidy Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000009418 agronomic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000002853 Nelumbo nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006508 Nelumbo nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000006510 Nelumbo pentapetala Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000349 chromosome Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000010196 hermaphroditism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940091258 selenium supplement Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000001568 sexual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/12—Processes for modifying agronomic input traits, e.g. crop yield
- A01H1/122—Processes for modifying agronomic input traits, e.g. crop yield for stress resistance, e.g. heavy metal resistance
- A01H1/1225—Processes for modifying agronomic input traits, e.g. crop yield for stress resistance, e.g. heavy metal resistance for drought, cold or salt resistance
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
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- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
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- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
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- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a cultivation method of low-temperature-resistant asparagus varieties, which belongs to the technical field of cultivation of asparagus varieties, and comprises the following steps: indoor screening of low-temperature resistant single plants, field identification of the low-temperature resistant single plants, hybridization combination configuration, dominant hybridization combination screening, variety comparison tests of different ecological areas and facility planting variety comparison tests; the low-temperature-resistant asparagus cultivated by the method has high quality and yield, can be simultaneously suitable for planting in open-air areas and under facility cultivation conditions, and can also provide an identification technical system and an evaluation standard of low-temperature-resistant excellent single plant parents of the asparagus.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cultivation of asparagus varieties, in particular to a cultivation method of low-temperature-resistant asparagus varieties.
Background
The asparagus is a nutrient health-care vegetable with homology of food and medicine, has multiple years of life and hermaphrodite plants, and can be continuously harvested for more than ten years by one-time cultivation. The asparagus is planted in large scale in China, varieties are all dependent on import, and planting areas are mainly distributed in eastern coastal provinces and used for processing can outlets. In recent years, the consumption of domestic asparagus is increased year by year, and the domestic asparagus becomes the sun-facing industry in the vegetable field of China, and especially the cold areas and facility cultivation areas are rapidly increased. The breeding work of asparagus is started in China, and a batch of domestic asparagus varieties are cultivated successively. At present, the tender stem germination period of the main-push asparagus variety in China is basically consistent, the time for harvesting and marketing is concentrated, the low-temperature-resistant variety is lacking, the diversified development of cold areas and facility asparagus industry is not facilitated, the time for marketing of the low-temperature-resistant variety is early, the early yield is high, the sales price is high, and the planting income can be remarkably increased. Therefore, the cultivation of low temperature resistant asparagus varieties is urgent.
At present, an asparagus breeding technology mainly comprises the steps of selecting excellent female and male single plants, combining hybridization combinations, performing sexual hybridization, performing variety comparison tests on F1 generation seeds of different combinations, screening high-yield combinations through yield, commodity property and plant agronomic characters, tissue culture and propagation of parents, establishing a seed production field, and producing fine seeds. Polyploid breeding and total male breeding are the latest development direction of asparagus breeding, polyploid germplasm is created through chromosome engineering, super male plants are cultivated by using anther culture and natural variation amphoteric plants, then excellent single plants are selected, tissue culture and hybridization combination are performed, and new asparagus varieties are cultivated according to yield identification results.
However, in the prior art, parent single plants are screened according to yield and agronomic characters, little information on low temperature resistance of asparagus germplasm resources is known, a low temperature resistant identification technical system and a breeding method are lacked, an excellent low temperature resistant high-yield asparagus variety is lacked, and an asparagus variety which can be simultaneously suitable for open-air planting and facility planting is also lacked.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention provides a cultivation method of low-temperature-resistant asparagus varieties, the cultivated low-temperature-resistant asparagus is high in quality and yield, the cultivation method can be simultaneously suitable for planting in open-air areas and under facility cultivation conditions, and an identification technology system and an evaluation standard of low-temperature-resistant excellent single plant parents of the asparagus can be provided.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a cultivation method of low temperature resistant asparagus variety comprises the following steps: indoor screening of low-temperature resistant single plants, field identification of the low-temperature resistant single plants, hybridization combination configuration, dominant hybridization combination screening, variety comparison tests of different ecological areas and facility planting variety comparison tests;
selecting asparagus germplasm resources, identifying and screening at the beginning of 3 months, selecting full and consistent seeds of each germplasm resource variety, soaking seeds, cleaning, placing the seeds in a wet culture dish, accelerating germination in an artificial climate chamber at 8-12 ℃ for 8-12d, and selecting seeds with a white exposure length of more than 3mm for seedling culture; placing the seedling raising tray in a 12-14 ℃ artificial climate chamber, raising seedlings for 14-16d, placing the soil-out seedlings in a 18-22 ℃ greenhouse for cultivation, raising seedlings for 46-50h, placing the seedlings in a 24-26 ℃ greenhouse for cultivation, raising the seedlings for 18-22d, starting to irrigate the seedlings with nutrient solution, irrigating once every 7-8 days, continuously irrigating for 4-5 times, controlling the irrigation amount of the nutrient solution of each seedling to be 20-25mL, continuing raising seedlings for 64-66d after irrigating, performing field planting, and planting at a row spacing of 1.8-2m and a plant spacing of 38-42cm, and obtaining preliminarily screened plants after field planting;
the seed soaking treatment is carried out, and seed soaking is carried out for 10-14 hours by using 250-350 times of the carbendazim wettable powder with the concentration of 40-60%;
the nutrient solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 6-8 parts of corn oligopeptide powder, 4-5 parts of brown sugar, 1-2 parts of methionine, 2-3 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.8-1 part of sodium selenite and 1000-1100 parts of water;
the low temperature resistant single plant field identification is carried out, the single plant stem height, stem thickness, stem number and first branch height are investigated in autumn in the current year, the time of each single plant to shoot is recorded in spring in the next year, the single plant harvesting tender stem number, average stem thickness and single bamboo shoot weight of 18-22d before picking the bamboo shoots are counted day by day, and the plants with early bamboo shoots, high early yield and good tender stem commodity are screened out and used as breeding parents;
the hybrid combination is configured, an insect-proof net is used for isolating female parent, artificial single flower pollination is carried out, the breeding parent is hybridized, and F1 generation hybrid combination seeds are harvested after the seeds are mature;
the dominant hybrid combination screening is carried out, F1 generation hybrid combination seeds are planted in the field, the open-air planting is carried out, the row spacing is controlled to be 1.4-1.6m, the plant spacing is controlled to be 24-26cm, conventional varieties are added for comparison, the harvesting period of each combination is recorded in spring of the field planting in the second year and the third year, the tender stem yield, the tender stem total yield and the commodity of 18-22d before harvesting are recorded, and the combination with the earliest bamboo shoot period and the highest yield and total yield before harvesting are selected as the optimal hybrid combination;
the comparison test of varieties in different ecological areas is carried out on the optimal hybridization combination in different ecological areas, the comparison is carried out by using conventional varieties, the varieties are planted in the open air, the row spacing is controlled to be 1.4-1.6m, the plant spacing is controlled to be 24-26cm, each variety is repeated for 3-5 times, and the varieties are arranged in random groups;
the facility planting variety comparison test is that conventional varieties are used for comparison, the row spacing is controlled to be 1.4-1.6m, the plant spacing is controlled to be 24-26cm, each variety is repeated for 3-5 times, and the varieties are arranged in random groups.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) According to the cultivation method of the low-temperature-resistant asparagus variety, through establishing an identification technology system of low-temperature-resistant excellent parents of the asparagus, the low-temperature-resistant asparagus variety is cultivated, so that the cultivation method can be suitable for germination acceleration at 10 ℃ and seedling cultivation at 13 ℃, and can also be suitable for planting in open-air areas and under facility cultivation conditions;
(2) According to the cultivation method of the low-temperature-resistant asparagus variety, the low-temperature resistance and the yield of the asparagus can be further improved by respectively carrying out greenhouse cultivation on the unearthed seedlings at 20 ℃ and 25 ℃ and pouring the nutrient solution containing selenium and amino acid to the seedlings in batches;
(3) The cultivation method of the low-temperature-resistant asparagus variety can improve the yield of the asparagus under open-air planting, and compared with the 'Apollo' variety, the early yield is averagely increased by 55.57 percent and the total yield is averagely increased by 25.50 percent under open-air planting conditions;
(4) Compared with the 'Apollo' variety, the cultivation method of the low-temperature-resistant asparagus variety can improve the yield of the asparagus in the greenhouse facility, can harvest 9-10 days in advance under the planting condition of the greenhouse facility, and can increase the yield by 41.81% in the early stage of harvesting and 15.20% in the total yield;
(5) The cultivation method of the low-temperature-resistant asparagus variety can provide an identification technical system of low-temperature-resistant excellent single plant parents of the asparagus and an evaluation standard of the low-temperature-resistant variety.
Detailed Description
Specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described in order to provide a clearer understanding of the technical features, objects and effects of the present invention.
Example 1
A cultivation method of low temperature resistant asparagus variety specifically comprises the following steps:
1. low temperature resistant individual plant indoor screening: continuous low temperature resistance identification in germination period and seedling period is carried out by using 58 parts of foreign asparagus germplasm resources, and specific asparagus germplasm resources are shown in table 1; identifying and screening at the beginning of 3 months, selecting 300 seeds of each variety, soaking the seeds for 12 hours by using 300 times of 50% carbendazim wettable powder, cleaning the seeds by using water, placing the seeds in a culture dish with the diameter of 16cm and 2 layers of filter paper laid on the bottom layer, covering one layer of filter paper on the upper layer, adding water every day to keep the filter paper moist, accelerating germination of each variety in a 10 ℃ artificial climate chamber for 10 days, and selecting the seeds with the exposed length of more than 3mm for seedling cultivation; placing a seedling raising tray in a 13 ℃ artificial climate chamber for raising seedlings for 15d, placing the soil-outlet seedlings in a 20 ℃ greenhouse for culturing, raising the seedlings for 48h, then placing the seedlings in a 25 ℃ greenhouse for culturing, after raising the seedlings for 20d, starting to irrigate the seedlings with nutrient solution, irrigating once every 7 days, continuously irrigating 5 times, controlling the irrigation amount of the nutrient solution of each seedling to be 20mL, continuously raising the seedlings for 65d after the irrigation, and carrying out field planting, wherein the row spacing is 1.8m, the plant spacing is 40cm, and the seedling spacing is respectively 218 male plants and 109 female plants, and the specific corresponding germplasm names are shown in Table 2;
the nutrient solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 7 parts of corn oligopeptide powder, 4.5 parts of brown sugar, 1.5 parts of methionine, 2.5 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.8 part of sodium selenite and 1000 parts of water.
Table 1 foreign 58 parts of asparagus germplasm resource directory
TABLE 2 preliminary screening of low temperature resistant individuals germplasm designations
2. And (3) low-temperature-resistant single plant field identification: the stem height, the stem thickness, the stem number and the first branch height of the single plant are investigated in autumn in the current year, the time of each single plant to shoot is recorded in spring in the next year, and the number of tender stems, the average stem thickness and the weight of the single plant which is collected 20 days before the picking of the bamboo shoots are counted day by day. Screening out 12 low-resistance Wen Youliang male and female plants and 9 plants with high early yield and good marketability of tender stems of bamboo shoots, and taking the bamboo shoots as breeding parents, wherein the names of the screened germplasm are shown in Table 3.
Table 3 names of low temperature resistant individuals selected
3. Hybridization combination configuration: isolating female parent with insect net, artificial pollination, calculating according to table 3, hybridizing 9 female parent single plants of 3 varieties with 12 male parent single plants from 3 varieties, respectively, 108 hybridization combinations, pollination of 50 flowers in each hybridization combination, and harvesting F1 generation hybrid combination seeds after seed maturation.
4. Dominant hybrid combinatorial screening: 108F 1 generation hybrid combined seeds are planted in the land of Shandong\370575 river beach, the seeds are planted in the open air, the row spacing is controlled to be 1.5m, the plant spacing is controlled to be 25cm, the Apollo variety is used as a control, the seeds are not harvested in the same year after field planting, the harvesting period of each combination is recorded in the spring of the second year and the third year, and the tender stem yield, the tender stem total yield and the commodity of 20d before harvesting are recorded. Grande-1 (female) x Vegalim-4 (male) combination is selected, and is the combination with the earliest shoot emergence period, the highest 20d yield and total yield before picking the bamboo shoots, the commercial property is superior to that of the combination of the control and other products, and the combination is named as the combination L18-23. The yield of tender stems and the total yield of the L18-23 combined 20d before picking the bamboo shoots in the second year are 245kg and 820kg respectively, which are increased by 53.13 percent and 25.19 percent respectively compared with the control Apollo variety; the tender stem yield and the total yield of 20d before picking the bamboo shoots in the third year are respectively 330kg and 1230kg, which are respectively 60.97 percent and 20.71 percent higher than those of the control 'Apollo' variety.
5. Variety comparison test in different ecological areas: in 2019-2022, the city and county are respectively in lotus, 370775 and DongyingThe variety comparison test of L18-23 different ecological areas is carried out in the county of Jinxian, the county of Zhangjia, the county of Wulan, the scout and town of Wulan, the Apollo variety is used as a comparison, the planting is carried out in the open air, the row spacing is controlled to be 1.5m, the plant spacing is 25cm, and the planting area is 45m 2 3 times of repetition of each variety are arranged in a random block, namely, the 3 times of repetition of each variety disturb the sequence as much as possible, and the yield difference caused by the ground force level is avoided.
Planting in 2019 in 5 months, and managing according to a local general production field. Yield was measured in 2020-2022. The specific results are shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4 comparison of yields in different ecological zones for "L18-23
6. Comparison test of plant varieties: performing comparative test on planting varieties of L18-23 big arch shelter facilities in the county of Zhengze 370575 in 2019-2022, and controlling row spacing to be 1.5m, plant spacing to be 25cm and planting area to be 45m by taking the 'Apollo' variety as a reference 2 Each variety was subjected to 3 replicates, randomized block arrangement, 5 month field planting in 2019, and managed as a local general production field. The yields were measured in 2020-2022 and the specific results are shown in Table 5.
Table 5 "L18-23" comparison table of greenhouse planting yield
7. Domestication: through dominant hybrid combination screening, multi-point variety comparison tests for many years and facility planting variety comparison tests, the combination of L18-23 has stronger low temperature resistance and high yield potential, and the average yield and total yield of the open-air planting and harvesting early stage are increased by 55.57 percent and 25.50 percent compared with those of a control variety; the facility planting is 9-10 days earlier than the comparison variety, the yield and the total yield of the early harvest are 41.81% and 15.20% higher than the average yield of the comparison variety, the tender stems are uniform and thick, the bamboo shoots are straight, the bamboo shoot head scales are compact, the texture is tender, and the head is not easy to scatter at high temperature.
The percentages used in the present invention are mass percentages unless otherwise indicated.
Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, but it is to be understood that modifications and equivalents of some of the technical features described in the foregoing embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for cultivating a low temperature resistant asparagus variety, comprising: and (3) low-temperature-resistant single plant indoor screening, low-temperature-resistant single plant field identification, hybridization combination configuration, dominant hybridization combination screening, different ecological zone variety comparison tests and facility planting variety comparison tests.
2. The method for cultivating low temperature resistant asparagus variety according to claim 1, wherein the low temperature resistant single plant is selected, asparagus germplasm resources are selected, identification screening is carried out at the beginning of 3 months, each germplasm resource variety is selected as full and consistent seeds, after seed soaking treatment, the seeds are cleaned, placed in a wet culture dish, germinated in a climatic chamber at 8-12 ℃ for 8-12d, and seeds with the exposed length of more than 3mm are selected for seedling cultivation; placing the seedling raising tray in a 12-14 ℃ artificial climate chamber, raising seedlings for 14-16d, placing the soil-out seedlings in a 18-22 ℃ greenhouse for cultivation, raising seedlings for 46-50h, placing the soil-out seedlings in a 24-26 ℃ greenhouse for cultivation, raising the seedlings for 18-22d, starting to irrigate the seedlings with nutrient solution, irrigating once every 7-8 days, continuously irrigating for 4-5 times, controlling the irrigation amount of the nutrient solution of each seedling to be 20-25mL, continuing raising seedlings for 64-66d after the irrigation, performing field planting, and planting at a row spacing of 1.8-2m and a plant spacing of 38-42cm, and obtaining preliminarily screened plants after field planting.
3. The method for cultivating a low temperature resistant asparagus variety according to claim 2, wherein the seed soaking treatment is carried out for 10-14 hours by using a 250-350 times liquid of 40-60% carbendazim wettable powder.
4. The cultivation method of low temperature resistant asparagus variety as claimed in claim 2, wherein the composition of the nutrient solution comprises, in parts by weight: 6-8 parts of corn oligopeptide powder, 4-5 parts of brown sugar, 1-2 parts of methionine, 2-3 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.8-1 part of sodium selenite and 1000-1100 parts of water.
5. The cultivation method of low temperature resistant asparagus variety according to claim 1, wherein the low temperature resistant single plants are identified in the field, the single plant stem height, stem thickness, stem number and first branch height are investigated in autumn of the current year, the time of emergence of each single plant is recorded in spring of the next year, the young stem number, average stem thickness and single bamboo weight of the single plant which is 18-22 days before the picking of the bamboo shoots are counted day by day, and the plants with early and high early yield of the bamboo shoots and good commercial properties of the young stem are selected as breeding parents.
6. The method for cultivating a low temperature resistant asparagus variety according to claim 1, wherein the hybrid combination is configured by isolating female parent with insect net, artificial single flower pollination, crossing the breeding parent, and harvesting F1 hybrid combination seeds after seed maturation.
7. The cultivation method of low temperature resistant asparagus variety according to claim 1, wherein the dominant hybrid combination is selected, F1 hybrid combination seeds are planted in the field, the row spacing is controlled to be 1.4-1.6m, the plant spacing is controlled to be 24-26cm, conventional varieties are added for comparison, the harvest period of each combination is recorded in spring of the second year and the third year of field planting without harvesting, tender stem yield, tender stem total yield and commodity of 18-22d before harvesting are selected, and the combination with the earliest bamboo shoot period and highest yield and total yield of 18-22d before harvesting is selected as the optimal hybrid combination.
8. The cultivation method of low temperature resistant asparagus variety according to claim 1, wherein the variety comparison test in different ecological areas is performed by comparing the optimal hybridization combinations in different ecological areas, the conventional variety is used for comparison, the conventional variety is used for open-air planting, the row spacing is controlled to be 1.4-1.6m, the plant spacing is 24-26cm, each variety is repeated for 3-5 times, and the random block arrangement is performed.
9. The cultivation method of low temperature resistant asparagus variety according to claim 1, wherein the facility planting variety comparison test is performed in a greenhouse facility planting variety comparison test, conventional varieties are used for comparison, the row spacing is controlled to be 1.4-1.6m, the plant spacing is controlled to be 24-26cm, each variety is repeated for 3-5 times, and random block arrangement is performed.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101263783A (en) * | 2008-03-25 | 2008-09-17 | 浙江大学 | Method for using herbicide barban to fast breed aloe all-male plant strain |
| CN103416186A (en) * | 2013-07-18 | 2013-12-04 | 句容赤湖枫情农业生态园有限公司 | Asparagus high quality and high yield seedling raising method |
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2023
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| AU2014202599A1 (en) * | 2007-07-31 | 2014-06-05 | Basf Plant Science Gmbh | Plants having enhanced yield-related traits and a method for making the same |
| CN101263783A (en) * | 2008-03-25 | 2008-09-17 | 浙江大学 | Method for using herbicide barban to fast breed aloe all-male plant strain |
| CN103416186A (en) * | 2013-07-18 | 2013-12-04 | 句容赤湖枫情农业生态园有限公司 | Asparagus high quality and high yield seedling raising method |
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| 李志刚;张玉霞;孙志刚;: "芦笋抗寒机理的研究", 内蒙古民族大学学报(自然科学版), no. 06 * |
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| CN116602206B (en) | 2024-05-03 |
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