CN116602183B - Method for regulating flowering time of crocus sativus and improving quality of filaments - Google Patents
Method for regulating flowering time of crocus sativus and improving quality of filaments Download PDFInfo
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- CN116602183B CN116602183B CN202310530895.9A CN202310530895A CN116602183B CN 116602183 B CN116602183 B CN 116602183B CN 202310530895 A CN202310530895 A CN 202310530895A CN 116602183 B CN116602183 B CN 116602183B
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- 244000124209 Crocus sativus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 235000015655 Crocus sativus Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 235000013974 saffron Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000004248 saffron Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000024172 Cardiovascular disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- SEBIKDIMAPSUBY-ARYZWOCPSA-N Crocin Chemical compound C([C@H]1O[C@H]([C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O)O)OC(=O)C(C)=CC=CC(C)=C\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(C)C(=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)O)O1)O)O[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O SEBIKDIMAPSUBY-ARYZWOCPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SEBIKDIMAPSUBY-JAUCNNNOSA-N Crocin Natural products CC(=C/C=C/C=C(C)/C=C/C=C(C)/C(=O)OC1OC(COC2OC(CO)C(O)C(O)C2O)C(O)C(O)C1O)C=CC=C(/C)C(=O)OC3OC(COC4OC(CO)C(O)C(O)C4O)C(O)C(O)C3O SEBIKDIMAPSUBY-JAUCNNNOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000004237 Crocus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000596148 Crocus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001113425 Iridaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003169 central nervous system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 208000026106 cerebrovascular disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002526 effect on cardiovascular system Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000144 pharmacologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009394 selective breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/60—Flowers; Ornamental plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/04—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth
- A01G7/045—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth with electric lighting
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/14—Measures for saving energy, e.g. in green houses
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for regulating and controlling flowering time of saffron and improving filament quality, and belongs to the technical field of medicinal plant cultivation. According to the method for regulating and controlling the flowering time of the saffron and improving the quality of the flower filaments, when the main buds of the saffron seed balls grow to 6-8 cm, red light, blue light and white light are used for delayed light supplementing treatment on the basis of 10 hours of illumination. The invention carries out time-delay light supplementing technology through facility LED lamp light, has low cost and good effect, realizes the manual regulation and control of the flowering time of the saffron, does not influence the yield of the saffron, can disperse the artificial pressure of flower harvesting, filament taking, drying and the like, ensures the quality and the quality of the filament, and reduces the commercial loss.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of medicinal plant cultivation, and particularly relates to a method for regulating and controlling flowering time of crocus sativus and improving filament quality.
Background
Stigma croci, also known as crocus sativus, is a plant of the genus crocus of the family Iridaceae, is rich in natural active ingredients such as crocin, etc., has pharmacological activity of protecting central nervous system and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and can be used as a raw material of soluble natural pigment dye and perfume. The yield of stigma croci is extremely low, and more than one hundred flowers are needed for producing 1g of dry stigma croci, so that the market price of stigma croci is high, and the stigma croci is called as "plant gold".
The saffron is produced in Iran, spanish and other places, the introduction cultivation is started in the last 60 th century, and the mode of saffron cultivation in China is mainly two-stage cultivation at present due to climate reasons, namely, two stages of indoor soilless cultivation and flower picking and large Tian Pei breeding ball cultivation are mainly adopted, seed ball breeding is completed in the field from 11 months to 5 months in the next year, after seed ball harvesting, artificial selection of saffron seed balls is completed in the room from 6 months to 11 months, seed balls sleep in summer and flower bud differentiation are carried out, and the seed balls are put on the shelf for cultivation, and flower silk harvesting processes are completed. In a room with accurately controlled temperature, humidity and illuminance, the seed balls finish flower bud differentiation and flowering by means of self-stored nutrients, and then the flower filaments are manually harvested and processed.
In general, stigma croci is flowering from mid-late undecyle to mid-late undecyle, and one flower is opened from flower bud to early stage, and is opened to first stage for about 24 hours each. Flowers should therefore be picked on the day of opening, the time of picking being before the flowers are full. The method is characterized in that the method generally comprises the steps of collecting the pollen twice a day at 8-10 a.m. and 1-3 a.m. in the afternoon, peeling off the filaments, and easily attaching pollen to the column heads of the pistil after the pollen collection, so that the quality grade of the filaments is directly affected. Because the flowering time of the saffron is concentrated, the flower picking and the filament stripping are both carried out manually, the time is compact, the workload is large, and if the picking is not timely, the quality and the quality of the filament are greatly affected.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a method for regulating and controlling the flowering time of saffron and improving the quality of flowers, which is used for manually controlling the concentrated flowering time of saffron, dispersing the artificial pressure, ensuring the quality and quality of flowers and reducing the economic loss.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
A method for regulating flowering time of stigma croci Sativi and improving filament quality comprises performing delayed light supplementing treatment with red light, blue light and white light on the basis of 10 hr illumination when stigma croci Sativi seed ball main bud grows to 6-8 cm.
The method for regulating the flowering time of the saffron is characterized by leading the saffron to bloom in advance, and comprises the following specific steps of:
1) Controlling the culture temperature of stigma croci Sativi bud differentiation period at 20-25deg.C and humidity 80%, and irradiating with 300-600Lux weak light;
2) When the main buds grow to 2-3cm, recovering the illumination intensity to 3000-4000Lux, illuminating for 10h and darking for 14h, simultaneously wiping off side buds, and reserving 1-3 main buds on the bulb at the temperature of 18-22 ℃ and the humidity of 70-80%;
3) When the main bud grows to 6-8 cm, on the basis of illumination for 8:00-18:00 hours per day, white light is used for carrying out delay light supplementing treatment, the light supplementing intensity is 4000-5000Lux, the light supplementing time is 6:00-8:00 in the morning, 18:00-20:00 in the evening and 20:00-6:00 in the evening are unified into a dark period, and the light supplementing treatment is carried out until all saffron flor periods are ended.
The method for controlling the flowering time of the crocus sativus is characterized by delaying the flowering of the crocus sativus, and comprises the following specific steps of:
1) Controlling the culture temperature of stigma croci Sativi bud differentiation period at 20-25deg.C and humidity 80%, and irradiating with 300-600Lux weak light;
2) When the main buds grow to 2-3cm, recovering the illumination intensity to 3000-4000Lux, illuminating for 8h and darking for 16h, simultaneously wiping off side buds, and reserving 1-3 main buds on the bulb at the temperature of 18-22 ℃ and the humidity of 70-80%;
3) When the main bud grows to 6-8 cm, on the basis of illumination for 8:00-18:00 hours per day, carrying out delayed light supplementing treatment by using blue light, wherein the light supplementing intensity is 4000-5000Lux, the light supplementing time is 6:00-8:00 in the morning, 18:00-20:00 in the evening and 20:00-6:00 in the evening, and the light supplementing treatment is unified into a dark period until all saffron blooming periods are finished.
The improvement of the quality of the filaments is to improve the length of stigma croci, the method comprises the following specific steps:
1) Controlling the culture temperature of stigma croci Sativi bud differentiation period at 20-25deg.C and humidity 80%, and irradiating with 300-600Lux weak light;
2) When the main buds grow to 2-3cm, recovering the illumination intensity to 3000-4000Lux, illuminating for 10h and darking for 14h, simultaneously wiping off side buds, and reserving 1-3 main buds on the bulb at the temperature of 18-22 ℃ and the humidity of 70-80%;
3) When the main bud grows to 6-8 cm, on the basis of illumination for 8:00-18:00 hours per day, white light is used for carrying out delay light supplementing treatment, the light supplementing intensity is 4000-5000Lux, the light supplementing time is 6:00-8:00 in the morning, 18:00-20:00 in the evening and 20:00-6:00 in the evening are unified into a dark period, and the light supplementing treatment is carried out until all saffron flor periods are ended.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) Compared with a non-light supplementing group, the light supplementing device can bloom one week earlier, the red supplementing light and the non-light supplementing flowering time are not different greatly, and the blue supplementing light can delay one week of flowering compared with the common group; compared with the fresh weight of the filament under different light supplementing treatments, the fresh weight of the filament under different light supplementing treatments has no obvious difference; the length of the column head is longer than that of the column head without light supplement, the red light supplement and the light supplement are not obviously different, and the length of the column head under the blue light supplement is slightly reduced.
2) The invention carries out time-delay light supplementing technology through facility LED lamp light, has low cost and good effect, realizes the manual regulation and control of the flowering time of the saffron, does not influence the yield of the saffron, can disperse the artificial pressure of flower harvesting, filament taking, drying and the like, ensures the quality and the quality of the filament, and reduces the commercial loss.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph of fresh weight of seed ball column heads of different weights under different light supplementing treatments;
Fig. 2 is a graph showing the length of the column head of the seed ball with different weights under different light supplementing treatments.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below in connection with specific embodiments. In the following examples, the procedures not described in detail are all routine biological experimental procedures, and can be performed with reference to molecular biology laboratory manuals, journal literature published in the prior art, and the like, or according to the kit and product instructions. Materials, reagents and the like used in the examples described below are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
1. Selecting newly-dug disease-free seed balls (Shanghai Chongming-producing area) in the current year, dividing the seed balls into 30-35 g (A), 25-30 g (B), 20-25 g (C) according to the weight of the seed balls, selecting 200 seed balls for each grade, placing a plastic basket for each 50 seed balls, setting four light treatments, placing one basket for each seed ball of A, B, C grades under each treatment, and putting the seed balls on a shelf for cultivation in a cultivation room in the last ten days of August. In the period from the last March to the last September, the indoor temperature is controlled at 20-25deg.C, the humidity is 80%, and the light is mainly weak light (300-600 Lux).
2. When the main buds grow to 2-3cm, recovering the illumination intensity to 3000-4000Lux, illuminating for 10h and darkness for 14h, simultaneously wiping off side buds, reserving 3 main buds from more than 30g of large bulbs, reserving 2 main buds from 25-30 g of bulbs, reserving 1-2 main buds from 20-25 g of small bulbs, and keeping the temperature to 18-22 ℃ and the humidity to 70-80%.
3. When the main bud grows to 6-8 cm, on the basis of illumination for 10 hours (8:00-18:00) per day, three light sources of red light (R), blue light (B) and white light (W) are respectively used for delayed light supplementing treatment, the light supplementing intensity is 4000-5000Lux, the light supplementing time is 6:00-8:00 per day, the evening is 18:00-20:00, the time period is not supplemented with light and is a common group (CK), and the night is 20:00-6:00 in a dark period. And (3) carrying out light supplementing treatment until the flowering period of the stigma croci is finished, taking the red stigma to record the indexes such as the weight, the length and the like of the stigma, and finally drying for later use.
As a result, as shown in table 1, the white light supplement was able to bloom one week earlier than the normal group, the red light supplement was not much different from the non-light supplement flowering time, and the blue light supplement was able to delay one week flowering than the normal group.
TABLE 1 flowering time and flowering rate of saffron under different light supplementing treatments
As a result, as shown in FIG. 1, the fresh weight of the filaments under different light supplementing treatments was not significantly different from that under no light supplementing. As a result, as shown in FIG. 2, the white light is longer than the light without the light supplement, the red light is not obviously different from the light without the light supplement, and the length of the column head is slightly reduced under the light with the blue light supplement. In summary, the method can control flowering time, disperse artificial pressure of flower picking and filament picking through different light supplementing treatments, ensure filament quality and appearance, and reduce economic loss.
Claims (3)
1. A method for regulating and controlling flowering time of saffron and improving filament quality is characterized in that when the main bud of saffron seed ball grows to 6-8 cm, blue light or white light is used for delayed light supplementing treatment on the basis of 10 hours of illumination;
the method for controlling the flowering time of the saffron is characterized by comprising the following specific steps of:
1) Controlling the culture temperature of stigma croci Sativi bud differentiation period at 20-25deg.C and humidity 80%, and irradiating with 300-600Lux weak light;
2) When the main buds grow to 2-3cm, recovering the illumination intensity to 3000-4000Lux, illuminating for 10h and darking for 14h, simultaneously wiping off side buds, and reserving 1-3 main buds on the bulb at the temperature of 18-22 ℃ and the humidity of 70-80%;
3) When the main bud grows to 6-8 cm, on the basis of illumination at 8:00-18:0010 hours a day, performing delay light supplementing treatment by using white light, wherein the light supplementing intensity is 4000-5000Lux, the light supplementing time is 6:00-8:00 a day early, 18:00-20:00 a evening, and 20:00-6:00 a night are unified into a dark period, and the light supplementing treatment is finished until all saffron flor periods are finished;
The method for controlling the flowering time of the crocus sativus is characterized by comprising the following specific steps of:
1) Controlling the culture temperature of stigma croci Sativi bud differentiation period at 20-25deg.C and humidity 80%, and irradiating with 300-600Lux weak light;
2) When the main buds grow to 2-3cm, recovering the illumination intensity to 3000-4000Lux, illuminating for 10h and darking for 14h, simultaneously wiping off side buds, and reserving 1-3 main buds on the bulb at the temperature of 18-22 ℃ and the humidity of 70-80%;
3) When the main bud grows to 6-8 cm, on the basis of illumination of 8:00-18:0010 hours per day, carrying out delayed light supplementing treatment by using blue light, wherein the light supplementing intensity is 4000-5000Lux, the light supplementing time is 6:00-8:00 in the morning, 18:00-20:00 in the evening and 20:00-6:00 in the evening, and the light supplementing treatment is unified into a dark period until all saffron blooming periods are finished.
2. The method for controlling flowering time and improving filament quality of saffron according to claim 1, wherein the improvement of filament quality is improvement of stigma length of saffron.
3. The method for controlling flowering time and improving filament quality of saffron according to claim 2, comprising the specific steps of:
1) Controlling the culture temperature of stigma croci Sativi bud differentiation period at 20-25deg.C and humidity 80%, and irradiating with 300-600Lux weak light;
2) When the main buds grow to 2-3cm, recovering the illumination intensity to 3000-4000Lux, illuminating for 10h and darking for 14h, simultaneously wiping off side buds, and reserving 1-3 main buds on the bulb at the temperature of 18-22 ℃ and the humidity of 70-80%;
3) When the main bud grows to 6-8 cm, on the basis of illumination at 8:00-18:0010 hours a day, performing delay light supplementing treatment by using white light, wherein the light supplementing intensity is 4000-5000Lux, the light supplementing time is 6:00-8:00 a day early, 18:00-20:00 a evening, and 20:00-6:00 a night are unified into a dark period, and the light supplementing treatment is finished until all saffron flor periods are finished.
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| CN116602183B true CN116602183B (en) | 2024-05-24 |
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Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0799565A1 (en) * | 1996-04-03 | 1997-10-08 | National Research Institute Of Agricultural Engineering, Ministry Of Agriculture, Forestry And Fisheries | Cultivation of flowering plants |
| CN101904267A (en) * | 2010-07-28 | 2010-12-08 | 新疆医科大学 | Sinkiang saffron planting technology |
| WO2013156862A1 (en) * | 2012-04-19 | 2013-10-24 | Dianaplantsciences, S.A.S. | Polyphenol, terpenoid, glycoside, and alkaloid production by crocus sativus cell cultures |
| JP2016202108A (en) * | 2015-04-24 | 2016-12-08 | スタンレー電気株式会社 | Cultivation method of phalaenopsis and light source equipment for use in it |
| JP2017060464A (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2017-03-30 | 国立大学法人東京農工大学 | Method for cultivating plants |
| CN110447497A (en) * | 2019-08-16 | 2019-11-15 | 厦门市园林植物园 | A method of promote noble woman begonia to bloom |
| CN111713393A (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2020-09-29 | 扬州樊龙现代农业科技有限公司 | Saffron facility cultivation method |
| CN114600724A (en) * | 2022-04-06 | 2022-06-10 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | Indoor flowering method for crocus sativus |
-
2023
- 2023-05-11 CN CN202310530895.9A patent/CN116602183B/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0799565A1 (en) * | 1996-04-03 | 1997-10-08 | National Research Institute Of Agricultural Engineering, Ministry Of Agriculture, Forestry And Fisheries | Cultivation of flowering plants |
| CN101904267A (en) * | 2010-07-28 | 2010-12-08 | 新疆医科大学 | Sinkiang saffron planting technology |
| WO2013156862A1 (en) * | 2012-04-19 | 2013-10-24 | Dianaplantsciences, S.A.S. | Polyphenol, terpenoid, glycoside, and alkaloid production by crocus sativus cell cultures |
| JP2016202108A (en) * | 2015-04-24 | 2016-12-08 | スタンレー電気株式会社 | Cultivation method of phalaenopsis and light source equipment for use in it |
| JP2017060464A (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2017-03-30 | 国立大学法人東京農工大学 | Method for cultivating plants |
| CN110447497A (en) * | 2019-08-16 | 2019-11-15 | 厦门市园林植物园 | A method of promote noble woman begonia to bloom |
| CN111713393A (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2020-09-29 | 扬州樊龙现代农业科技有限公司 | Saffron facility cultivation method |
| CN114600724A (en) * | 2022-04-06 | 2022-06-10 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | Indoor flowering method for crocus sativus |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 胡世诚.不同光质对三色菫生长发育的影响.西昌学院学报.2014,第第28卷卷(第第2期期),第1-4页. * |
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