CN116590968B - Ballast arranging machine for railway ballast bed - Google Patents

Abstract

The application relates to a railway ballast arranging machine, which comprises a first frame body, a second frame body, a height adjusting component and a scraper Dan Zujian, wherein the bottom of the first frame body is provided with at least two auxiliary moving wheels, the height adjusting component is arranged between the first frame body and the second frame body and is used for adjusting the height of the second frame body, the scraper Dan Zujian is arranged at the bottom of the second frame body, the scraper direction of the scraper component is horizontally perpendicular to a connecting line between the two auxiliary moving wheels, the second frame body is provided with a handle and a stone blocking cover for blocking stones from splashing, and the stone blocking cover is positioned at one side of the scraper component away from the auxiliary moving wheels. The application can conveniently clean the partial railway ballast in a small range.

Description

Ballast arranging machine for railway ballast bed

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of ballast finishing equipment, in particular to a railway ballast finishing machine.

Background

Ballasts are the common ballast beds for railway lines used as ballast stones for supporting rail sleepers. The railway ballast can disperse vibration and high heat generated during running of the train, noise can be reduced, and meanwhile, gaps among railway ballasts can drain rainwater more rapidly.

The ballast railway is usually required to be supplemented with ballasts, the ballasts are uniformly crushed, the ballasts are cleaned by scraping, and the ballasts are cleaned by scraping, wherein the operations such as uniform ballasts and ballast scraping and excavating are required to be performed by ballast arranging equipment, and the operation mode is mainly to stir out the ballasts along the direction away from the railway so as to lay out the higher stacked ballasts or clean the ballasts by scraping, so that the follow-up new ballasts are filled.

The existing ballast trimming equipment comprises a locomotive and a scraper, wherein the scraper is vertical and perpendicular to a railway, two sides of the scraper extend to the outer side of the railway, the locomotive runs on the railway, the locomotive drives the scraper to move along the direction of the railway, and the scraper is used for flattening higher ballasts or scraping out surface layer hardened ballasts in the movement.

However, the existing ballast finishing equipment has higher loading cost and running cost, is mainly suitable for the ballast finishing effect on the large-length railway bed, and requires larger time cost and transportation cost in the existing operation mode if the existing operation mode is used for cleaning the partial railway ballast in a small range.

Disclosure of Invention

The application provides a railway ballast trimming machine for conveniently cleaning a small-range local ballast.

The application provides a railway ballast bed ballast arranging machine, which adopts the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a railway ballast arranging machine, includes first support body, second support body, altitude mixture control subassembly and takes off Dan Zujian, the bottom of first support body is equipped with two at least auxiliary movement wheels, and altitude mixture control subassembly is located between first support body and the second support body, altitude mixture control subassembly is used for adjusting the altitude mixture control of second support body, take off Dan Zujian and locate the bottom of second support body, take off the line between two auxiliary movement wheels of direction horizontal perpendicular to of moving of stone subassembly, the second support body is equipped with the handle and is used for blockking the stone cover that the stone splashes, the stone cover is located take off the stone subassembly one side of keeping away from auxiliary movement wheel.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, during the use, remove whole device to waiting to take off the position, then erect the auxiliary movement wheel on the railway, because whole device is comparatively lightweight, transportation and loading cost are lower, combine the handle to supplementary steady whole device of dimension, then altitude mixture control subassembly drives the second support body and moves down gradually for take off stone subassembly and move down with the contact and wait to take off the stone ballast, with stone ballast follow keep away from the railway direction and take off, and the purpose of fender stone cover prevents that stone ballast from splashing to operating personnel department.

Optionally, the height adjusting component includes horizontal pole, bottom rail and hydraulic telescoping rod, the both ends of horizontal pole respectively with the upper portion of first support body with the upper portion of second support body articulates and connects, the both ends of bottom rail respectively with the lower part of first support body with the lower part of second support body articulates and connects, and horizontal pole and bottom rail are parallel, hydraulic telescoping rod slope sets up, hydraulic telescoping rod's lower extreme with the lower part of first support body articulates and connects, hydraulic telescoping rod's upper end with the upper cross rod articulates and connects.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, during the use, hydraulic telescoping rod is flexible to drive the horizontal pole and swing relative first support body, and first support body, go up horizontal pole, second support body and bottom rail and constitute parallelogram connecting rod structure, consequently go up the horizontal pole and will drive the second support body and move down, thereby realize the altitude mixture control to the stone subassembly of taking off.

Optionally, the second frame body is provided with two vertically arranged baffle plates, the two baffle plates are respectively positioned at two sides of the stone scraping assembly, the lower side of the baffle plate is lower than the stone scraping assembly Dan Zujian, the two baffle plates are oppositely arranged, and the horizontal distance between the two baffle plates is gradually increased along the direction away from the auxiliary moving wheel; a chute is concavely formed on the opposite surface of the baffle plate, a vibrating plate is connected in the chute in a sliding manner along the thickness direction of the baffle plate, and the vibrating plate is fixedly connected with the bottom of the chute through a plurality of second springs; a first driving motor is fixed at the upper part of the vibrating plate, a first rotating rod which is vertically arranged is fixed on an output shaft of the first driving motor, and an eccentric block is fixed on the first rotating rod; the vibration directions of the two vibration plates are the same.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, firstly, the baffle inserts to wait to take off Dan Zhadui in, forms independent stone ballast district that waits to take off between two baffles, and the stone ballast that waits to take off in the stone ballast district is with outside non-staggered friction to the required kinetic energy of the in-process that the stone ballast that waits to take off in the stone ballast district was taken off is less, thereby has reduced the consumption and the occupation volume of taking off Dan Zujian.

Secondly, after the baffle plate is inserted into the ballast pile to be scraped, the first driving motor is started to drive the eccentric block to eccentrically rotate, so that the vibrating plate is driven to vibrate at high frequency, the vibrating force is transmitted to the ballast in the ballast area to be scraped, the vibrating liquefaction phenomenon is utilized, the friction force between the ballasts is reduced, and the difficulty of scraping the ballasts by the ballast scraping assembly is reduced.

Thirdly, the vibration directions of the two vibration plates are the same, namely under the common vibration of the two vibration plates, the stone ballast to be raked is vibrated in a reciprocating manner along two opposite directions, so that the vibration force and the vibration effect of the stone ballast to be raked are improved, and the raking difficulty of the stone ballast raking assembly on the stone ballast is further reduced.

Optionally, an axial gap is formed between the vibrating plate and the stone scraping assembly; a plurality of grooves are formed in the opposite surfaces of the vibrating plate, and the cross sections of the grooves are V-shaped.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, through setting up the recess to supply the sharp-pointed edge card of partial stone tiny fragments to go into, consequently, the vibration power on the vibrating plate will be more deeply transmitted to in the stone tiny fragments pile through this stone tiny fragments to greatly improve vibration transmission effect.

Optionally, the vibration plate is concavely formed with cones along the direction facing the baffle plate, the inner conical surfaces of the cones are the grooves, and the cones are arranged in a plurality of groups and are distributed around the circumference of the middle part of the vibration plate; the middle part of the back of the vibrating plate is vertically provided with a second rotating rod, the end part of the second rotating rod is fixedly provided with a second bevel gear, two first bevel gears which are oppositely arranged are fixed on the first rotating rod, the two first bevel gears are respectively meshed with the second bevel gear, the peripheral surfaces of the two first bevel gears are provided with a half smooth surface and a half tooth surface, and the tooth surfaces of the two first bevel gears are arranged in a staggered manner; the back of the vibrating plate is provided with steel ropes which are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with each group of cones, the steel ropes are radially arranged along the middle part of the vibrating plate, one end of each steel rope is fixedly connected with the vibrating plate through a tension spring, the other end of each steel rope is fixedly connected with the second rotating rod, the cones of one group are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the steel rope in a tightening state, and wiring grooves are formed in the cones in a penetrating mode; when the vibrating plate moves along the second half section process towards the other vibrating plate, the second rotating rod rotates forward by a quarter circle to drive the steel rope to be tensioned gradually, the steel rope enters the wiring groove, and when the vibrating plate moves along the first half section process away from the other vibrating plate, the second rotating rod rotates forward by a quarter circle again to drive the steel rope to be tensioned, and the steel rope is located in the middle of the groove.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when first dwang rotates, through the cooperation in proper order of two first bevel gears and second bevel gears, can become the half circumference reciprocating motion of second dwang with the continuous unidirectional rotation of first dwang, and the half circumference reciprocating motion of second dwang will take up the cable wire and loosen the cable wire with the clearance, and when taking up the cable wire, the cable wire is sharp form, the cable wire gets into the middle part of recess through the trough just to carry out the centre gripping to the stone ballast of card income recess.

When the vibrating plate moves along the first half section away from the other vibrating plate, the second rotating rod rotates forward for one quarter circle again to drive the steel rope to complete tightening, the steel rope is positioned in the middle of the groove, and the fact that the steel rope clamps and grabs the stone ballast to bring back part of the stone ballast when the vibrating plate retreats can be obtained, and the fact that the forward vibrating force of the vibrating plate pushes the stone ballast can be understood as that the backward vibrating force of the vibrating plate can pull back to apply work to individual stone ballasts, so that the utilization rate of the vibrating force of the vibrating plate is improved, the vibrating force of the vibrating plate is converted into acting force to the stone ballast more, and the vibrating liquefaction effect of the stone ballast is improved.

The tension spring can strengthen the tightening effect of the steel rope and compensate the length of the steel rope, so that the steel rope can firmly clamp the sharp edges of the ballasts with various sizes.

Optionally, a set of vibrating chains are respectively arranged at two sides of the second frame body, the two sets of vibrating chains are respectively positioned at two sides of the stone scraping assembly, the set of vibrating chains comprises a plurality of vibrating chains which are arranged side by side, the outer peripheral surfaces of the vibrating chains face the scraping plate Dan Zujian, the vibrating chains comprise a first driving sprocket, a first driven sprocket, a first chain belt and a side baffle, the side baffle is fixedly connected with the second frame body, the first driving sprocket and the first driven sprocket are both rotationally connected with the side baffle, the first driven sprocket is lower than the first driving sprocket and lower than the scraping plate Dan Zujian, the first chain belt bypasses the first driving sprocket and the first driven sprocket respectively, and a second driving motor for driving the first driving sprocket to rotate is arranged on the second frame body; the outer peripheral surface of the first chain belt is provided with a plurality of first rake teeth bulges.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, firstly, the vibration chain of both sides plays the effect of separation stone tiny fragments to reduce the frictional force influence of outside stone tiny fragments to middle part stone tiny fragments.

Secondly, when the second driving motor is started, the first chain belt is driven to continuously move circumferentially, the first rake teeth on the first chain belt are raised to move along with the first chain belt, and the first rake teeth can turn the stone ballast, so that the kinetic energy of the stone ballast to be scraped is increased, and the vibration effect is improved.

Optionally, the first rake tooth protrusion is slidingly connected with the first chain belt, and a first spring is fixedly connected between the first rake tooth protrusion and the first chain belt.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, through setting up the bellied one-way elastic connection of first rake teeth, when first rake teeth arch is at the in-process of turning the stone tiny fragments, this collision force will arouse the bellied displacement of first rake teeth to a certain extent to tensile first spring, the in-process that first spring energy storage released will drive the bellied removal along the slip direction of first rake teeth, thereby bump the stone fragments again at a high frequency, with further transmission vibratory force, thereby increase the vibration liquefaction effect of stone fragment heap.

Optionally, the stone scraping assembly comprises a third driving motor, a rotary drum and a plurality of scraping claws, the rotary drum is horizontally perpendicular to the auxiliary moving wheel, the third driving motor is used for driving the rotary drum to rotate, each scraping claw is uniformly fixed on the peripheral surface of the rotary drum along the circumference of the rotary drum, and one end of each scraping claw is bent towards the rotating direction of the rotary drum.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when the third driving motor starts, drive the rotary drum and rotate to drive and take off the claw rotation, thereby take off the railway with the stone tiny fragments of stone, and take off the crooked setting of claw, can improve the effect of turning over to the stone tiny fragments of stone, can take the stone tiny fragments of stone, to get farther apart, in order to reduce the stone tiny fragments of stone, of turning over the stone tiny fragments of stone, anti-smooth phenomenon behind the stone tiny fragments of stone.

Optionally, the stone scraping assembly comprises a fourth driving motor, a driving shaft, a fixed auxiliary shaft, a movable auxiliary shaft and a driving structure, wherein the fourth driving motor is used for driving the driving shaft to rotate, the driving shaft is horizontally perpendicular to the axis of the auxiliary moving wheel, the driving shaft, the fixed auxiliary shaft and the movable auxiliary shaft are parallel, the fixed auxiliary shaft is higher than the driving shaft, the fixed auxiliary shaft is far away from one side of the auxiliary moving wheel relative to the driving shaft, a plurality of first chain wheels which are arranged side by side along the axial direction of the driving shaft are sleeved and fixed on the driving shaft, a plurality of second chain wheels which are arranged side by side along the axial direction of the fixed auxiliary shaft are sleeved and fixed on the fixed auxiliary shaft, a plurality of third chain wheels which are arranged side by side along the axial direction of the movable auxiliary shaft are sleeved and rotated on the movable auxiliary shaft, the first chain wheels, the second chain wheels and the third chain wheels are jointly wound with a plurality of second rake teeth which are arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the second chain belt; the driving structure is used for driving the movable auxiliary shaft to move along the elliptical path, the driving shaft and the fixed auxiliary shaft respectively form two fixed points of the elliptical path, the movable auxiliary shaft forms a moving point of the elliptical path, the sum of distances from the moving point to the two fixed points is a fixed value, and the fixed value is larger than the distance between the two fixed points.

By adopting the technical scheme, firstly, the driving structure drives the movable auxiliary shaft to move along the elliptical path, the second chain belt is used as the circumference of the triangle combined by the two fixed points and one movable point, and the circumference is constant, so that the shape of the second chain belt is changed along with the movement of the movable auxiliary shaft, the position of the movable auxiliary shaft can be understood as the movable vertex on the second chain belt, the movable vertex is positioned on the elliptical path, and when the movable vertex moves along the elliptical path, the movable vertex moves relative to the ballasting pile in a large-curvature large-movement radian mode, so that the second rake teeth on the second chain belt are matched with the protrusions to completely, efficiently and greatly take off the distance, the layer-by-layer taking off of the ballasting pile is realized, and then the height adjusting assembly is matched with the height adjusting assembly to realize the layer-by-layer taking off of the ballasting pile from top to bottom.

And the elliptical path has a larger radian, so that the movable vertex of the ballast which can be raked off is gentle relative to the moving path of the ballast, and the ballast can be upwards taken away, so that the follow-up anti-slip effect of the ballast is reduced, and the raking-off effect of the ballast is greatly improved.

Secondly, in the motion process of the movable auxiliary shaft, the form of the second chain belt is continuously changed, the wrap angle between the second chain belt and the driving shaft is also continuously changed, when the wrap angle is larger, the torque of the second chain belt is larger, the stripping effect is better, when the wrap angle is smaller, the moving speed of the second chain belt is faster, and quick return can be realized, so that the position limitation of the driving shaft, the fixed auxiliary shaft and the movable auxiliary shaft is realized, and when the movable auxiliary shaft moves upwards from below along an elliptical path, namely, the stone ballast is stripped, the wrap angle is larger, the torque of the second chain belt is larger, and the stripping effect is better. And when the movable auxiliary shaft moves from top to bottom along an elliptical path, the wrap angle is smaller, the moving speed of the second chain belt is high, and the second chain belt can be quickly reset so as to facilitate the follow-up stripping, and the movable auxiliary shaft has good stripping effect and stripping speed.

Optionally, the driving structure includes an elliptical orbit, an elastic telescopic arm, a hydraulic cylinder, a strip frame and a rotating shaft, wherein the elliptical orbit is fixedly arranged with the second frame body, one end of the movable auxiliary shaft is in sliding connection with the elliptical orbit, the rotating shaft is in rotating connection with the second frame body, the rotating shaft is positioned at the middle point between the driving shaft and the fixed auxiliary shaft, one end of the elastic telescopic arm is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft, and the other end of the elastic telescopic arm is in rotating connection with the movable auxiliary shaft; the cylinder body of pneumatic cylinder and second support body fixed connection, rectangular frame and pneumatic cylinder's telescopic end fixed connection, rectangular frame's two opposite frame walls all are equipped with the rack, the rotation axle sleeve is established and is fixed with the straight-tooth wheel, the straight-tooth wheel has half plain noodles and half flank of tooth, the flank of tooth of straight-tooth wheel is used for meshing with two racks respectively.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when the pneumatic cylinder drove rectangular frame reciprocating motion, rack on the rectangular frame in proper order with the spur gear cooperation to with the reciprocal power conversion of rectangular frame drive spur gear and last unidirectional rotation's moment of torsion, this moment of torsion then drives axis of rotation and elastic telescopic arm circumference swing, elastic telescopic arm then drives movable auxiliary shaft and slides along oval track direction, and the length of elastic telescopic arm is flexible can change according to oval track's distance change.

In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

1. through the arrangement of the auxiliary moving wheels, the handles, the height adjusting components and the raking Dan Zujian, the partial stone ballast in a small range can be pertinently raked and cleaned, the whole device is lighter, and the transportation and loading cost is lower;

2. by arranging the baffle plate and the vibrating plate, the stone ballasts can be separated, friction is reduced, the vibrating plate vibrates at high frequency, and the friction force between the stone ballasts is further reduced by utilizing the vibration liquefaction phenomenon, so that the difficulty in pulling the stone ballasts by the stone scraping assembly is reduced;

3. by arranging the steel rope, the steel rope and the first rotating rod are in linkage relation, so that the steel rope can be tightened and loosened, and stone ballasts can be clamped or released intermittently in the vibration process of the vibrating plate, therefore, not only is the forward vibration force of the vibrating plate used for pushing the stone ballasts, but also the backward vibration force of the vibrating plate used for pulling back the individual stone ballasts can be used for doing work, thereby improving the utilization rate of the vibration force of the vibrating plate and further improving the vibration liquefaction effect of the stone ballasts;

4. through setting up the cooperation of the position limit and the chain belt of driving shaft, fixed auxiliary shaft and activity auxiliary shaft for the shape of second chain belt will change along with the removal of activity auxiliary shaft, and the position of activity auxiliary shaft is the activity summit on the second chain belt, and when the activity summit was followed oval route and is removed, will be with the mode of big camber big removal radian and remove relative stone ballast heap, thereby cooperate the second rake teeth arch on the second chain belt, with totally, high-efficient, big distance of taking off, realize that stone ballast heap is taken off layer by layer, then cooperate high adjusting part to realize that stone ballast heap is taken off from top to bottom layer by layer.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall apparatus of example 1.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the rake Dan Zujian of example 2.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of embodiment 2 for embodying an elliptical path.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the driving structure of embodiment 2.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of embodiment 2 for embodying the first baffle and the second baffle structure.

Fig. 6 is a partial enlarged view at a in fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the overall apparatus of example 3.

Fig. 8 is a partial cross-sectional view of the baffle plate of example 3.

Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the vibration plate of embodiment 4.

Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the back surface of the vibration plate of embodiment 5.

Fig. 11 is a partial enlarged view at B in fig. 10.

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the overall apparatus of example 6.

Fig. 13 is a partial cross-sectional view of the vibration chain of example 6.

Fig. 14 is a schematic view for embodying the connection relationship between the first chain belt and the first rake teeth protrusion of embodiment 7.

Reference numerals illustrate: 1. a scraper Dan Zujian; 2. a height adjustment assembly; 3. a baffle plate; 4. a vibration plate; 5. a vibrating chain; 10. a first frame body; 11. a third driving motor; 12. a rotating drum; 13. claw; 14. a driving structure; 141. an elliptical orbit; 142. a hydraulic cylinder; 143. a rotating shaft; 144. an elastic telescopic arm; 145. a slide block; 146. a strip frame; 147. a rack; 148. spur gears; 15. a driving shaft; 151. a first sprocket; 16. fixing an auxiliary shaft; 161. a second sprocket; 17. a movable auxiliary shaft; 171. a third sprocket; 172. a ring groove; 18. a second chain belt; 181. a second tine projection; 191. a first baffle; 192. a second baffle; 193. an avoidance groove; 20. a second frame body; 201. a bracket; 21. an upper cross bar; 22. a lower cross bar; 23. a hydraulic telescopic rod; 30. a stone blocking cover; 31. a chute; 32. a second spring; 40. a handle; 41. a first driving motor; 42. a first rotating lever; 421. an eccentric block; 422. a first bevel gear; 43. a cone; 431. a groove; 432. wiring grooves; 44. a second rotating lever; 441. a second bevel gear; 45. a steel rope; 46. a tension spring; 50. a storage battery; 51. a second driving motor; 52. a first drive sprocket; 53. a first driven sprocket; 54. a first chain belt; 55. a first tine projection; 551. inserting blocks; 56. side baffles; 57. a mounting block; 571. a slot; 58. a first spring; 60. and an auxiliary moving wheel.

Detailed Description

The application is described in further detail below with reference to fig. 1-14.

The embodiment 1 of the application discloses a ballast arranging machine for a railway ballast bed.

Referring to fig. 1, a railway ballast bed ballast finishing machine includes a first frame body 10, a second frame body 20, a height adjusting assembly 2 and a ballast raking assembly 1.

The bottom of the first frame body 10 is provided with two auxiliary moving wheels 60, the axis of each auxiliary moving wheel 60 is horizontally perpendicular to the railway track, the wheel faces of the auxiliary moving wheels 60 are concavely arranged, and the auxiliary moving wheels 60 are used for being clamped on the railway track.

The height adjusting assembly 2 is arranged between the first frame body 10 and the second frame body 20, and the height adjusting assembly 2 is used for adjusting the height of the second frame body 20. The stone scraping assembly 1 is arranged at the bottom of the second frame body 20, the scraping direction of the stone scraping assembly 1 is horizontally perpendicular to a connecting line between the two auxiliary moving wheels 60, namely, the stone scraping assembly 1 can scrape off stone ballasts along a direction away from a railway, and the height adjusting assembly 2 can control the height of the stone scraping assembly 1, so that the stone scraping assembly 1 can scrape off stone ballasts layer by layer.

Meanwhile, the second frame 20 is fixed with two handles 40 and a stone blocking cover 30 for blocking the scattering of stones, so that the two handles 40 can be held by both hands at the same time, and the stability of the whole device can be maintained by holding the handles 40, so that the second frame 20 can be stably moved along a railway or stably assisted to move downwards.

The stone guard 30 is located at a side of the stone scraping assembly 1 away from the auxiliary moving wheel 60 to prevent stone fragments from splashing to an operator.

The height adjusting assembly 2 comprises an upper cross bar 21, a lower cross bar 22 and a hydraulic telescopic rod 23, wherein the upper cross bar 21 and the lower cross bar 22 are parallel, two ends of the upper cross bar 21 are respectively hinged with the upper part of the first frame body 10 and the upper part of the second frame body 20, and two ends of the lower cross bar 22 are respectively hinged with the lower part of the first frame body 10 and the lower part of the second frame body 20, namely, the upper cross bar 21, the lower cross bar 22, the first frame body 10 and the second frame body 20 form a parallelogram connecting rod structure.

The hydraulic telescopic rod 23 is located between the upper cross rod 21 and the lower cross rod 22, the hydraulic telescopic rod 23 is obliquely arranged, the lower end of the hydraulic telescopic rod 23 is hinged with the lower part of the first frame body 10, and the upper end of the hydraulic telescopic rod 23 is hinged with the upper cross rod 21.

By introducing hydraulic oil into the hydraulic telescopic rod 23 or withdrawing the hydraulic oil, the telescopic rod 23 is controlled to stretch, so that the upper cross rod 21 is driven to swing relative to the first frame body 10, and the upper cross rod 21 drives the height of the second frame body 20 to be adjusted.

The stone scraping assembly 1 comprises a third driving motor 11, a rotary drum 12 and a plurality of scraping claws 13, the rotary drum 12 is horizontally perpendicular to the auxiliary moving wheel 60, the rotary drum 12 is rotatably arranged at the bottom of the second frame body 20, and the third driving motor 11 drives the rotary drum 12 to rotate in a sprocket chain belt matching mode; each of the claws 13 is uniformly fixed to the outer circumferential surface of the drum 12 along the circumference of the drum 12, and one end of the claw 13 is bent toward the rotation direction of the drum 12.

During the use, remove the whole device to wait to take off the position, then erect auxiliary moving wheel 60 to the railway, because the whole device is comparatively lightweight, transportation and loading cost are lower, then high adjusting part 2 drives second support body 20 and moves down gradually for take off stone subassembly 1 and move down in order to contact and wait to take off the stone tiny fragments, then start third driving motor 11, rotary drum 12 rotates, take off claw 13 on it and take off the stone tiny fragments in proper order, in order to take off the stone tiny fragments along keeping away from the railway direction, during the period, high adjusting part 2 moves, drives to take off claw 13 and keeps moving down, in order to take off stone tiny fragments pile from top to bottom layer by layer.

The power supply of the third driving motor 11 may be an external power supply, or the battery 50 may be mounted on the first frame 10 to supply power, which is more convenient.

Example 2

Embodiment 2 is different from embodiment 1 in that, as shown in fig. 2, the stone scraping assembly 1 includes a fourth driving motor, a driving shaft 15, a fixed auxiliary shaft 16, a movable auxiliary shaft 17 and a driving structure 14, wherein the driving shaft 15, the fixed auxiliary shaft 16 and the movable auxiliary shaft 17 are parallel, the fixed auxiliary shaft 16 is higher than the driving shaft 15, the fixed auxiliary shaft 16 is opposite to one side of the driving shaft 15 away from the auxiliary moving wheel 60, a bracket 201 is provided at the bottom of the second frame body 20, one end of the driving shaft 15 is rotatably connected with the bracket 201, and the fourth driving motor is used for driving the driving shaft 15 to rotate (not shown in the figure). One end of the fixed auxiliary shaft 16 is rotatably connected with the support 201, a plurality of first chain wheels 151 which are arranged side by side along the axial direction of the driving shaft 15 are sleeved and fixed on the driving shaft 15, a plurality of second chain wheels 161 which are arranged side by side along the axial direction of the fixed auxiliary shaft 16 are sleeved and fixed on the fixed auxiliary shaft 16, a plurality of third chain wheels 171 which are arranged side by side along the axial direction of the movable auxiliary shaft 17 are rotatably sleeved and fixed on the movable auxiliary shaft 17, the first chain wheels 151, the second chain wheels 161 and the third chain wheels 171 are jointly wound with a second chain belt 18, namely, the driving shaft 15, the fixed auxiliary shaft 16 and the movable auxiliary shaft 17 form three vertexes of a triangle, the second chain belt 18 forms the perimeter of the triangle, and the outer peripheral surface of the second chain belt 18 is fixedly provided with a plurality of second rake teeth protrusions 181.

As shown in fig. 3, the driving structure 14 is configured to drive the movable auxiliary shaft 17 to move along an elliptical path, where the driving shaft 15 and the fixed auxiliary shaft 16 respectively form two fixed points of the elliptical path, the movable auxiliary shaft 17 forms a moving point of the elliptical path, and a sum of distances from the moving point to the two fixed points is a fixed value, the fixed value is greater than a distance between the two fixed points, and according to an ellipse definition, the second chain belt 18 has a constant circumference as a triangle formed by combining the two fixed points and one moving point.

As shown in fig. 4, the driving structure 14 includes an elliptical track 141, an elastic telescopic arm 144, a hydraulic cylinder 142, a long frame 146 and a rotation shaft 143, the elliptical track 141 is fixedly arranged with the second frame 20, the elliptical track 141 is arranged opposite to the support 201, one end of the movable auxiliary shaft 17 far away from the support 201 is fixedly provided with a circular slide block 145, the slide block 145 is slidably connected with the elliptical track 141, the rotation shaft 143 is located at a midpoint between the driving shaft 15 and the fixed auxiliary shaft 16, and the rotation shaft 143 is rotatably connected with the second frame 20.

As shown in fig. 4, the elastic telescopic arm 144 is perpendicular to the rotation axis 143, one end of the elastic telescopic arm 144 is fixedly connected with the rotation axis 143, the other end of the elastic telescopic arm 144 is fixed with a swivel, the swivel is rotatably sleeved on the movable auxiliary shaft 17, and the elastic telescopic direction of the elastic telescopic arm 144 is outward, so that the elastic telescopic arm 144 drives the movable auxiliary shaft 17 to slide along the direction of the elliptical orbit 141, and meanwhile, the length expansion of the elastic telescopic arm 144 can be changed according to the distance change of the elliptical orbit 141.

As shown in fig. 4, the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder 142 is fixedly connected with the second frame body 20, the long frame 146 is fixedly connected with the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder 142, racks 147 are respectively arranged on two opposite frame walls of the long frame 146, a spur gear 148 is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft 143, the spur gear 148 has a half smooth surface and a half tooth surface, and the tooth surfaces of the spur gear 148 are respectively meshed with the two racks 147.

When the hydraulic cylinder 142 drives the long frame 146 to reciprocate, the racks 147 on the long frame 146 are sequentially matched with the spur gears 148, so that the reciprocating power of the long frame 146 is converted into torque for driving the spur gears 148 to continuously rotate in one direction, and the torque drives the rotating shaft 143 to rotate and the elastic telescopic arm 144 to swing circumferentially, so that the movable auxiliary shaft 17 is driven to do elliptical track motion.

The shape of the second chain belt 18 will change along with the movement of the movable auxiliary shaft 17, and the position of the movable auxiliary shaft 17 can be understood as a movable peak on the second chain belt 18, the movable peak is on an elliptical path, and when the movable peak moves along the elliptical path, the movable peak moves relative to the ballast pile in a large curvature and large moving radian manner, and cooperates with the height adjusting assembly 2 to realize the layer-by-layer raking of the ballast pile from top to bottom.

And moreover, the oval path has a larger radian, so that the movable vertex of the ballast can be lifted off, is gentle and bent upwards relative to the moving path of the ballast, not only can the ballast be lifted off rapidly, but also the ballast can be lifted off upwards, so that the follow-up anti-slip effect of the ballast is reduced, and the lifting effect of the ballast is greatly improved.

Finally, when the movable auxiliary shaft 17 moves from bottom to top along the elliptical path, the movable top point on the second chain belt 18 moves relative to the ballast pile in a manner of large curvature and large moving radian, so that when the ballast is raked off, the wrap angle between the second chain belt 18 and the driving shaft 15 is gradually increased, so that the torque of the second chain belt 18 is gradually increased, and the raking-off effect is gradually improved.

In order to reduce the entry of external stone fragments from one side of the second chain belt 18, there is also provided an arrangement in which, as shown in fig. 5, the stone scraping assembly 1 further includes a first blocking plate 191 and a second blocking plate 192, the first blocking plate 191 and the second blocking plate 192 being respectively fixed to both sides of the second chain belt 18, and the lowest point of the first blocking plate 191 and the second blocking plate 192 being lower than the lowest point of the second chain belt 18.

The first baffle 191 is fixed on the support 201, the second baffle 192 is fixed on the second support 20, the driving shaft 15 and the fixed covering shaft are all arranged on the first baffle 191 in a penetrating mode, the second baffle 192 is provided with a semi-elliptical avoiding groove 193 in a penetrating mode, the avoiding groove 193 is used for enabling the movable auxiliary shaft 17 to move through, two divided parts of the second baffle 192 are fixedly connected with the second support 20, meanwhile, the movable auxiliary shaft 17 is provided with a ring groove 172 for thinning the diameter of the position, and the ring groove 172 is matched with the edge of the avoiding groove 193.

Example 3

Embodiment 3 is different from embodiment 1 in that, as shown in fig. 7, the second frame 20 is fixedly connected with two vertically arranged baffle plates 3, the two baffle plates 3 are respectively located at two sides of the stone scraping assembly 1, and the lower side of the baffle plate 3 is lower than the stone scraping assembly 1, i.e. when the second frame 20 moves down, the baffle plate 3 is inserted into Dan Zhadui before the stone scraping assembly 1.

The baffle plates 3 are oppositely arranged, the horizontal distance between the two baffle plates 3 is gradually increased along the direction away from the auxiliary moving wheel 60, after the two baffle plates 3 are inserted into the Dan Zhadui, an independent stone ballast area to be scraped is formed between the two baffle plates 3, stone ballasts in the stone ballast area to be scraped are in staggered friction with the outside, and therefore the kinetic energy required in the process of being scraped is less, and the power consumption and the occupied volume of the stone ballast scraping assembly 1 are reduced.

As shown in fig. 8, a chute 31 is concavely formed on the opposite surface (opposite to the surface of the other baffle plate 3), a vibrating plate 4 is slidingly connected in the chute 31 along the thickness direction of the baffle plate 3, an axial gap is formed between the vibrating plate 4 and the stone scraping assembly 1, the outer edge of the vibrating plate 4 is attached to the chute wall of the chute 31, the vibrating plate 4 is fixedly connected with the chute bottom of the chute 31 through a plurality of second springs 32, and the axial direction of the second springs 32 is the thickness direction of the baffle plate 3.

The upper portion of vibration board 4 is fixed with first driving motor 41, and the output shaft of first driving motor 41 is fixed with the first dwang 42 of vertical setting, is fixed with a plurality of eccentric blocks 421 on the first dwang 42, and when first driving motor 41 drove first dwang 42 and rotates, eccentric block 421 rotates, and the eccentric force of eccentric block 421 transmits to vibration board 4 to drive vibration board 4 along the reciprocal high frequency vibration of self slip direction, and the vibration direction of two vibration boards 4 is the same.

After the baffle plate 3 is inserted into the ballast pile to be scraped, the first driving motor 41 is started to drive the eccentric block 421 to eccentrically rotate, so that the vibrating plate 4 is driven to vibrate at high frequency, the vibrating force is transmitted to the ballast in the ballast area to be scraped, the vibrating liquefaction phenomenon is utilized, the friction force between the ballasts is reduced, and the scraping difficulty of the ballast scraping assembly 1 on the ballasts is reduced.

Moreover, as the vibration directions of the two vibration plates 4 are the same, namely, the vibration forces born by the two sides of the ballast to be raked are in the same direction and are overlapped under the common vibration of the two vibration plates 4, the vibration force and the vibration effect of the ballast to be raked are improved, and the raking difficulty of the ballast raking assembly 1 on the ballast is further reduced.

Example 4

Embodiment 4 is different from embodiment 3 in that, as shown in fig. 9, the vibration plate 4 is concavely formed with a plurality of cones 43 in the direction toward the bottom of the chute 31, the inner conical surface of the cone 43 is formed as a groove 431, and the cross section of the groove 431 is V-shaped.

When the vibrating plate 4 vibrates, the sharp edge of a part of stone ballast close to the vibrating plate 4 is easy to clamp into the groove 431, so that the stone ballast can be used as an intermediary, and the vibrating force on the vibrating plate 4 can be transmitted into the stone ballast pile more deeply, so that the vibration transmission effect is greatly improved.

Example 5

Embodiment 5 is different from embodiment 4 in that, as shown in fig. 10, the cones 43 are provided in plural groups, and each group of cones 43 is arranged in a diffusion manner around the virtual center point of the vibration plate 4, and each cone 43 of one group of cones 43 is arranged in a radial interval arrangement around the virtual center point of the vibration plate 4; the cones 43 are provided with wiring grooves 432 in a penetrating way, and the wiring grooves 432 on the cones 43 of the group of cones 43 are arranged in a staggered way.

As shown in fig. 10 and 11, a second rotating rod 44 is vertically arranged at a virtual center point of the back surface of the vibration plate 4, the second rotating rod 44 is rotationally connected with the vibration plate 4, a second bevel gear 441 is fixed at the end part of the second rotating rod 44, two first bevel gears 422 which are oppositely arranged are fixed on the first rotating rod 42, the two first bevel gears 422 are respectively meshed with the second bevel gears 441, the peripheral surfaces of the two first bevel gears 422 are respectively provided with a half-smooth surface and a half-tooth surface, and the tooth surfaces of the two first bevel gears 422 are arranged in a staggered manner.

When the first rotating rod 42 rotates, the continuous unidirectional rotation of the first rotating rod 42 can be changed into the half-circumference reciprocating motion of the second rotating rod 44 by the sequential cooperation of half tooth surfaces of the two first bevel gears 422 and the second bevel gears 441, that is, when the first rotating rod 42 rotates once, the second rotating rod 44 rotates clockwise for half a turn and then rotates counterclockwise for half a turn to reset.

The back of the vibration plate 4 is provided with a plurality of steel ropes 45, specifically, each steel rope 45 is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with each group of cones 43, the steel ropes 45 sequentially bypass each cone 43 of one group in a serpentine gesture, one end of each steel rope 45 is fixedly connected with the back of the vibration plate 4 through a tension spring 46, the other end of each steel rope 45 is fixedly connected with a second rotating rod 44, namely, the semi-circumferential reciprocating motion of the second rotating rod 44 can intermittently tension the steel ropes 45 and loosen the steel ropes 45, when the steel ropes 45 are tensioned, the steel ropes 45 are in a straight line shape, the steel ropes 45 just enter the middle part of a groove 431 through a wiring groove 432, when the steel ropes 45 are loosened, the steel ropes 45 are separated from the cones 43 through the wiring groove 432, and the serpentine gesture of the steel ropes 45 is restored.

When the first rotating rod 42 rotates the first half circle, the vibrating plate 4 is driven to move towards the other vibrating plate 4, namely, the vibrating plate is pushed Dan Zhadui, so as to apply vibrating force to Dan Zhadui, and when the vibrating plate 4 moves towards the other vibrating plate 4 in the second half circle, the second rotating rod 44 rotates forward for one quarter circle, so that the steel rope 45 is driven to be gradually tightened, the steel rope 45 starts to enter the wiring groove 432, and when the vibrating plate 4 moves away from the other vibrating plate 4 in the first half circle (the vibrating plate 4 is far away from the ballast pile), the second rotating rod 44 rotates forward for one quarter circle again so as to drive the steel rope 45 to complete tightening, and the steel rope 45 is located in the middle of the groove 431 through the wiring groove 432, so that the sharp end of the ballast clamped into the groove 431 is clamped.

Therefore, when the vibrating plate 4 retreats, the steel ropes 45 are used for clamping and grabbing the stone ballasts to bring back part of the stone ballasts, namely, the retreating vibrating force of the vibrating plate 4 can pull back the individual stone ballasts to do work, so that the utilization rate of the vibrating force of the vibrating plate 4 is improved, the vibrating force of the vibrating plate 4 is converted into acting force on the stone ballasts more, and the vibrating liquefaction effect of the stone ballasts is improved.

Example 6

Embodiment 6 is different from embodiment 1 in that, as shown in fig. 12, two sides of the second frame body 20 are respectively provided with a set of vibrating chains 5, two sets of vibrating chains 5 are respectively located at two sides of the stone scraping assembly 1, the vibrating chains 5 are vertically arranged, one set of vibrating chains 5 comprises a plurality of vibrating chains 5 arranged side by side, and the outer peripheral surfaces of the vibrating chains 5 are arranged towards the stone scraping assembly 1.

As shown in fig. 13, the vibrating chain 5 includes a first driving sprocket 52, a first driven sprocket 53, a first chain belt 54 and a side baffle 56, the side baffle 56 is fixedly connected with the second frame 20, the side baffle 56 is in a long strip shape, the side baffle 56 is vertically arranged, the first driving sprocket 52 and the first driven sprocket 53 are respectively rotatably connected with the upper portion and the lower portion of the side baffle 56, the first driven sprocket 53 is lower than the first driving sprocket 52 and lower than the stone scraping assembly 1, two second driving motors 51 are fixed on the second frame 20, and the second driving motors 51 drive the first driving sprockets 52 on the same side to rotate simultaneously.

The first chain belt 54 bypasses the first driving sprocket 52 and the first driven sprocket 53, respectively, and a plurality of first rake teeth protrusions 55 are fixed to an outer circumferential surface of the first chain belt 54, and the first rake teeth protrusions 55 may be made of cemented carbide.

When the second driving motor 51 is started, the first chain belt 54 is driven to continuously move circumferentially, the first rake tooth protrusions 55 on the first chain belt move along with the first chain belt, and the first rake tooth protrusions 55 can turn upwards the ballast to be scraped, namely, the ballast is enabled to vibrate and turn, so that the kinetic energy of the ballast to be scraped is increased, the vibration effect is improved, and the ballast scraping difficulty is further reduced.

Example 7

Embodiment 7 is different from embodiment 6 in that, as shown in fig. 14, the outer peripheral surface of the first chain belt 54 is fixed with a mounting block 57, a slot 571 is formed on the mounting block 57, one end of the first rake tooth protrusion 55 is fixed with an insert 551, the insert 551 is in sliding fit with the slot 571, the sliding direction is perpendicular to the outer peripheral surface of the first chain belt 54, the first rake tooth protrusion 55 and the insert 551 are obliquely arranged, a first spring 58 is arranged in the slot 571, one end of the first spring 58 is fixedly connected with the bottom of the slot 571, the other end of the first spring 58 is fixedly connected with the end of the insert 551, and the elastic force of the first spring 58 is used for forcing the insert 551 to extend into the slot 571.

Through setting up first spring 58 to realize the one-way elastic connection between first rake teeth protruding 55 and the first chain belt 54, at the in-process that first rake teeth protruding 55 is turning the stone tiny fragments, the collision force between first rake teeth protruding 55 and the stone fragment will force the displacement of first rake teeth protruding 55, thereby tensile first spring 58, and when not colliding, first rake teeth protruding 55 is under the restoring effort of first spring 58 and is rolled back, the stone fragment nearby will high frequency collision in the quick rollback in-process of first rake teeth protruding 55, with further transmission vibratory force, thereby increase the vibration liquefaction effect of stone fragment heap, and then reduce the stone scraping degree of difficulty.

The above embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the present application, so: all equivalent changes in structure, shape and principle of the application should be covered in the scope of protection of the application.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides a railway track bed ballast arranging machine which characterized in that: the stone scraper comprises a first frame body (10), a second frame body (20), a height adjusting component (2) and a scraper Dan Zujian (1), wherein at least two auxiliary moving wheels (60) are arranged at the bottom of the first frame body (10), the height adjusting component (2) is arranged between the first frame body (10) and the second frame body (20), the height adjusting component (2) is used for adjusting the height of the second frame body (20), the scraper Dan Zujian (1) is arranged at the bottom of the second frame body (20), the scraping direction of the scraper Dan Zujian (1) is horizontally perpendicular to a connecting line between the two auxiliary moving wheels (60), the second frame body (20) is provided with a handle (40) and a stone blocking cover (30) used for blocking stones from splashing, and the stone blocking cover (30) is arranged at one side, far away from the auxiliary moving wheels (60), of the scraper Dan Zujian (1); the second frame body (20) is provided with two vertically arranged baffle plates (3), the two baffle plates (3) are respectively positioned at two sides of the scraper Dan Zujian (1), the lower side of the baffle plate (3) is lower than the scraper Dan Zujian (1), the two baffle plates (3) are oppositely arranged, and the horizontal distance between the two baffle plates (3) is gradually increased along the direction away from the auxiliary moving wheel (60); a chute (31) is concavely formed on the opposite surface of the baffle plate (3), a vibrating plate (4) is connected in the chute (31) in a sliding manner along the thickness direction of the baffle plate (3), and the vibrating plate (4) is fixedly connected with the bottom of the chute (31) through a plurality of second springs (32); a first driving motor (41) is fixed at the upper part of the vibrating plate (4), a first rotating rod (42) which is vertically arranged is fixed on an output shaft of the first driving motor (41), and an eccentric block (421) is fixed on the first rotating rod (42); the vibration directions of the two vibration plates (4) are the same; an axial gap is formed between the vibrating plate (4) and the rake Dan Zujian (1); a plurality of grooves (431) are formed in the opposite surface of the vibrating plate (4), and the cross section of each groove (431) is V-shaped; the vibration plate (4) is concavely formed with cones (43) along the direction facing the baffle plate (3), the inner conical surfaces of the cones (43) are grooves (431), and the cones (43) are arranged in a plurality of groups and are distributed around the circumference of the middle part of the vibration plate (4); a second rotating rod (44) is vertically arranged in the middle of the back of the vibrating plate (4), a second bevel gear (441) is fixed at the end part of the second rotating rod (44), two first bevel gears (422) which are oppositely arranged are fixed on the first rotating rod (42), the two first bevel gears (422) are respectively meshed with the second bevel gears (441), the peripheral surfaces of the two first bevel gears (422) are provided with a half-smooth surface and a half-tooth surface, and the tooth surfaces of the two first bevel gears (422) are arranged in a staggered manner; the back of the vibrating plate (4) is provided with steel ropes (45) which are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with each group of cones (43), the steel ropes (45) are radially arranged along the middle part of the vibrating plate (4), one end of each steel rope (45) is fixedly connected with the vibrating plate (4) through a tension spring (46), the other end of each steel rope (45) is fixedly connected with the second rotating rod (44), the cones (43) of one group are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the steel rope (45) in a tightening state, and a wiring groove (432) is formed in the cone (43) in a penetrating mode; when the vibrating plate (4) moves along the second half section process of moving towards the other vibrating plate (4), the second rotating rod (44) rotates forward by a quarter turn to drive the steel rope (45) to be tensioned gradually, the steel rope (45) enters the wiring groove (432), and when the vibrating plate (4) moves along the first half section process of moving away from the other vibrating plate (4), the second rotating rod (44) rotates forward by a quarter turn again to drive the steel rope (45) to be tensioned, and the steel rope (45) is located in the middle of the groove (431).

2. The railway ballast finishing machine according to claim 1, wherein: the height adjusting assembly (2) comprises an upper cross rod (21), a lower cross rod (22) and a hydraulic telescopic rod (23), wherein two ends of the upper cross rod (21) are respectively hinged with the upper part of the first frame body (10) and the upper part of the second frame body (20), two ends of the lower cross rod (22) are respectively hinged with the lower part of the first frame body (10) and the lower part of the second frame body (20), the upper cross rod (21) and the lower cross rod (22) are parallel, the hydraulic telescopic rod (23) is obliquely arranged, the lower end of the hydraulic telescopic rod (23) is hinged with the lower part of the first frame body (10), and the upper end of the hydraulic telescopic rod (23) is hinged with the upper cross rod (21).

3. The railway ballast finishing machine according to claim 1, wherein: the two sides of the second frame body (20) are respectively provided with a group of vibrating chains (5), the two groups of vibrating chains (5) are respectively positioned at two sides of the rake Dan Zujian (1), the group of vibrating chains (5) comprise a plurality of vibrating chains (5) which are arranged side by side, the outer circumferential surfaces of the vibrating chains (5) face the rake Dan Zujian (1), the vibrating chains (5) comprise a first driving sprocket (52), a first driven sprocket (53), a first chain belt (54) and a side baffle (56), the side baffle (56) is fixedly connected with the second frame body (20), the first driving sprocket (52) and the first driven sprocket (53) are respectively connected with the side baffle (56) in a rotating way, the first driven sprocket (53) is lower than the first driving sprocket (52) and lower than the rake Dan Zujian (1), the first chain belt (54) respectively bypasses the first driving sprocket (52) and the first driven sprocket (53), and the second frame body (20) is provided with a second driving sprocket (51) which is used for driving the first driving sprocket (52) to rotate; a plurality of first rake teeth (55) are arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the first chain belt (54).

4. A railway ballast finishing machine according to claim 3, wherein: the first rake tooth protrusion (55) is in sliding connection with the first chain belt (54), and a first spring (58) is fixedly connected between the first rake tooth protrusion (55) and the first chain belt (54).

5. The railway ballast finishing machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the scraper Dan Zujian (1) comprises a third driving motor (11), a rotary drum (12) and a plurality of scraper claws (13), the rotary drum (12) is horizontally perpendicular to the auxiliary moving wheel (60), the third driving motor (11) is used for driving the rotary drum (12) to rotate, each scraper claw (13) is uniformly fixed on the outer peripheral surface of the rotary drum (12) along the circumference of the rotary drum (12), and one end of each scraper claw (13) is bent towards the rotating direction of the rotary drum (12).

6. The railway ballast finishing machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the rake Dan Zujian (1) comprises a fourth driving motor, a driving shaft (15), a fixed auxiliary shaft (16), a movable auxiliary shaft (17) and a driving structure (14), wherein the fourth driving motor is used for driving the driving shaft (15) to rotate, the driving shaft (15) is horizontally perpendicular to the axis of the auxiliary moving wheel (60), the driving shaft (15), the fixed auxiliary shaft (16) and the movable auxiliary shaft (17) are parallel, the fixed auxiliary shaft (16) is higher than the driving shaft (15), the fixed auxiliary shaft (16) is far away from one side of the auxiliary moving wheel (60) relative to the driving shaft (15), a plurality of first chain wheels (151) which are arranged side by side along the axial direction of the driving shaft (15) are fixedly sleeved on the driving shaft (15), a plurality of second chain wheels (161) which are arranged side by side along the axial direction of the fixed auxiliary shaft (16) are fixedly sleeved on the driving shaft (16), a plurality of third chain wheels (171) which are arranged side by side along the axial direction of the movable auxiliary shaft (17) are rotatably sleeved on the movable auxiliary shaft (17), a plurality of second chain belts (151), a plurality of second chain belts (181) are arranged around the second chain belts (181) and a plurality of second chain belts (18) are sleeved on the second chain belts; the driving structure (14) is used for driving the movable auxiliary shaft (17) to move along an elliptical path, the driving shaft (15) and the fixed auxiliary shaft (16) respectively form two fixed points of the elliptical path, the movable auxiliary shaft (17) forms a moving point of the elliptical path, the sum of distances from the moving point to the two fixed points is a fixed value, and the fixed value is larger than the distance between the two fixed points.

7. The railway ballast finishing machine according to claim 6, wherein: the driving structure (14) comprises an elliptical orbit (141), an elastic telescopic arm (144), a hydraulic cylinder (142), a strip frame (146) and a rotating shaft (143), wherein the elliptical orbit (141) is fixedly arranged with the second frame body (20), one end of the movable auxiliary shaft (17) is connected with the elliptical orbit (141) in a sliding manner, the rotating shaft (143) is rotationally connected with the second frame body (20), the rotating shaft (143) is positioned at the middle point between the driving shaft (15) and the fixed auxiliary shaft (16), one end of the elastic telescopic arm (144) is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft (143), and the other end of the elastic telescopic arm (144) is rotationally connected with the movable auxiliary shaft (17); the cylinder body of pneumatic cylinder (142) and second support body (20) fixed connection, rectangular frame (146) and the telescopic end fixed connection of pneumatic cylinder (142), the opposite frame wall of rectangular frame (146) all is equipped with rack (147), axis of rotation (143) cover is established and is fixed with straight-tooth wheel (148), straight-tooth wheel (148) have half plain noodles and half flank of tooth, the flank of tooth of straight-tooth wheel (148) is used for meshing with two racks (147) respectively.