CN116574173A - 蛋白稳定性增强的重组人源纤连蛋白突变体及其表达菌株 - Google Patents
蛋白稳定性增强的重组人源纤连蛋白突变体及其表达菌株 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种蛋白稳定性增强的重组人源纤连蛋白突变体及其表达菌株。所述的重组人源纤连蛋白突变体为将重组人源纤连蛋白中的第28位或第78位氨基酸突变为异亮氨酸或脯氨酸所形成的突变体。本发明的突变体相较于原始重组人源纤连蛋白,能够在毕赤酵母中稳定表达且产量提高,具有优异的促进人成纤维细胞的细胞增殖、迁移和黏附性能,表现出优异的细胞生物学功效,在护肤、美容和组织工程领域具有广泛的应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于基因工程领域,涉及一种蛋白稳定性增强的重组人源纤连蛋白突变体及其表达菌株。
背景技术
纤连蛋白(Fibronectin,FN)是一种存在于多种动物细胞外基质和基底膜中的大分子糖蛋白,对细胞黏附起到关键作用,也参与细胞增殖、分化、止血和创伤修复等过程,在癌症诊断、早产预测、动物细胞培养和美容护肤领域有广泛的应用前景。纤连蛋白由两个亚基在羧基端经二硫键交联形成V型结构,每个亚基的分子量高达200kDa,包含多种重复模块:12个FN I型、2个FN II型、15-17个FN III型、2个选择性剪接位点(EIIIA和EIIIB)以及1个可变区。FN I型和FN II型模块是通过二硫键固定的β折叠片层;FN III模块是7股β桶状结构,极易受到机械变性,在EIIIA和EIIIB位点处可变剪接后可生成EDA与EDB;而可变区几乎存在于所有类型的纤连蛋白中。其中,FN III10区域中包含了识别并结合整合素异二聚体的最小功能序列RGD,是纤连蛋白执行细胞黏附、迁移、增殖和创伤修复的核心功能域。除此之外,FN III9区域还包含了可促进核心功能域形成和维持正确活性构象的协同功能域,因此,通过理性组合FN III9和FN III10区域将进一步增强重组人源纤连蛋白与细胞的结合性能,有助于促进人成纤维细胞的增殖、迁移和黏附。
传统天然纤连蛋白主要是从人或动物血浆中进行分离提取获得,不仅工艺复杂使得最终得率极低,而且动物源原料存在一定的安全风险。随着合成生物学技术的快速发展,DNA重组、蛋白质从头设计及结构预测等技术大力推动了功能蛋白的理性设计和高效工业化生产。毕赤酵母(Pichia pastoris)表达系统是近十年发展起来的真核表达体系,相较依赖于大肠杆菌的原核表达系统,毕赤酵母表达系统在蛋白质的翻译后修饰、糖基化和胞外分泌等方面有着显著优势,已实现上千种蛋白在实验室和工业规模的异源生产。此外,毕赤酵母还被美国FDA认定为GRAS(Generally Recognized As Safe)微生物。因此,利用毕赤酵母分泌表达重组人源纤连蛋白片段是解决传统提取方法局限性的有效策略。
发明内容
本发明提供一种蛋白稳定性增强的重组人源纤连蛋白突变体及其表达菌株。
本发明的技术方案如下:
本发明在人纤连蛋白关键功能域FN III9-10的基础上,对SEQ ID No.1所示的重组人源纤连蛋白中的第28位或第78位氨基酸进行突变形成蛋白稳定性增强的重组人源纤连蛋白突变体。
进一步地,本发明所述的蛋白稳定性增强的重组人源纤连蛋白突变体,为SEQ IDNo.1所示的重组人源纤连蛋白中的第28位氨基酸突变为异亮氨酸所形成的氨基酸序列为SEQ ID No.2所示的重组人源纤连蛋白突变体1,或为SEQ ID No.1所示的重组人源纤连蛋白中的第78位氨基酸突变为脯氨酸所形成的氨基酸序列为SEQ ID No.3所示的重组人源纤连蛋白突变体2。
本发明根据毕赤酵母的密码子偏好性,对重组人源纤连蛋白以及突变体进行密码子优化,得到的重组人源纤连蛋白的核苷酸序列如SEQ ID No.4所示,蛋白稳定性增强的重组人源纤连蛋白突变体1的核苷酸序列如SEQ ID No.5所示,蛋白稳定性增强的重组人源纤连蛋白突变体2的核苷酸序列如SEQ ID No.6所示。
进一步地,本发明构建高效表达重组人源纤连蛋白突变体1或突变体2的菌株,为合成重组人源纤连蛋白突变体1或突变体2的核苷酸序列,然后扩增并无缝克隆到pPIC9K空载体中,测序正确的重组质粒经富集和SalI酶切线性化后转化到毕赤酵母中,通过G418抗性梯度筛选获得的高效分泌表达重组人源纤连蛋白突变体1或突变体2的毕赤酵母基因工程菌。
更进一步地,本发明提供上述重组人源纤连蛋白突变体1或突变体2的表达方法,具体为:将高效表达重组人源纤连蛋白突变体1或突变体2的毕赤酵母基因工程菌接种在BMMY培养基中,30℃下经甲醇诱导表达72~120小时,收集上清,纯化得到重组人源纤连蛋白突变体1或突变体2。
重组人源纤连蛋白序列中包含了人源纤连蛋白III区的核心细胞整合素结合序列和协同序列,但发明人前期实验发现重组人源纤连蛋白在毕赤酵母分泌表达过程中极易发生降解,摇瓶发酵48h的产量仅有0.1g/L,且发酵72h时蛋白出现完全降解,无法检测和收集,大大影响了目标蛋白的产量和纯度。发明人意外发现将重组人源纤连蛋白中的第28位或第78位氨基酸突变为异亮氨酸或脯氨酸,获得的重组人源纤连蛋白突变体1和突变体2在毕赤酵母分泌表达过程的稳定性明显提升,发酵72h时仍可在发酵液中稳定存在,且产量相较于原始重组人源纤连蛋白有了明显提高,摇瓶发酵72h产量为0.2-0.3g/L。此外,重组人源纤连蛋白突变体1和突变体2相较于原始重组人源纤连蛋白,能进一步促进人成纤维细胞的细胞增殖、迁移和黏附性能,表现出优异的细胞生物学功效,在护肤、美容和组织工程领域具有广泛的应用前景。
附图说明
图1为含重组人源纤连蛋白突变体1的重组质粒的示意图。
图2为含重组人源纤连蛋白突变体2的重组质粒的示意图。
图3为各蛋白和重组质粒的核酸电泳图,其中泳道1:1kb DNA marker;泳道2:pPIC9K+原始重组人源纤连蛋白基因片段;泳道3:原始重组人源纤连蛋白;泳道4:pPIC9K+重组人源纤连蛋白突变体1基因片段;泳道5:重组人源纤连蛋白突变体1基因片段;泳道6:pPIC9K+重组人源纤连蛋白突变体2基因片段;泳道7:重组人源纤连蛋白突变体2基因片段。
图4为表达重组人源纤连蛋白的高拷贝毕赤酵母基因工程菌株Wild type和表达重组人源纤连蛋白突变体1的高拷贝毕赤酵母基因工程菌株Mutant 1.1培养基上清(诱导72小时)的SDS-PAGE图。
图5为表达重组人源纤连蛋白的高拷贝毕赤酵母基因工程菌株Wild type和表达重组人源纤连蛋白突变体2的高拷贝毕赤酵母基因工程菌株Mutant 2.1培养基上清(诱导72小时)的SDS-PAGE图。
图6为表达原始重组人源纤连蛋白的毕赤酵母基因工程菌株(诱导48小时)发酵上清的SDS-PAGE图。
图7为重组人源化纤连蛋白wild type、mutant 1.1和mutant 2.1对人成纤维细胞的增殖影响图。
图8为重组人源化纤连蛋白wild type、mutant 1.1和mutant 2.1对人成纤维细胞的迁移率影响图。
图9为重组人源化纤连蛋白wild type、mutant 1.1和mutant 2.1对人成纤维细胞的相对黏附率的影响图。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施例和附图进一步说明本发明,但并不因此将本发明限制在所述的实施例范围之中。下列实施例中未注明具体条件的实验方法,按照常规方法和条件,或按照商品说明书选择。
下述实施例中,毕赤酵母(Pichia pastoris)采用GS115作为出发菌株。重组人源纤连蛋白、突变体1和突变体2的表达载体以pPIC9K为整合载体,将委托上海擎科生物技术有限公司合成的SEQ ID No.4、SEQ ID No.5和SEQ ID No.6核苷酸序列进行PCR扩增和纯化,并无缝克隆至pPIC9K空载质粒上。
实施例1
高拷贝毕赤酵母基因工程菌株的构建:
(1)本发明所选取的序列是从人纤连蛋白III区的细胞整合素(α5β1,αVβ3)结合域及其相关结构域中优化筛选后组合的序列(氨基酸序列如SEQ ID No.1),该序列中不仅包含了能与细胞整合素特异性结合的基础肽段,而且还含有能帮助上述基础肽段形成和维持正确功能结构的协同肽段,具有促进细胞增殖、迁移和粘附等生物活性,并以毕赤酵母的密码子偏好性为标准得到优化后的核苷酸序列SEQ ID No.4。
(2)为提高SEQ ID No.1氨基酸序列在毕赤酵母中的稳定性,本发明将SEQ IDNo.1氨基酸序列中第28位突变为异亮氨酸,或将SEQ ID No.1氨基酸序列中第78位氨基酸突变为脯氨酸,得到蛋白稳定性增强的重组人源纤连蛋白突变体1的氨基酸序列SEQ IDNo.2和突变体2的氨基酸序列SEQ ID No.3,以毕赤酵母的密码子偏好性为标准分别得到优化后的突变体1的核苷酸序列SEQ ID No.5和突变体2的SEQ ID No.6。
(3)将核苷酸序列SEQ ID No.4、SEQ ID No.5和SEQ ID No.6委托上海擎科生物科技有限公司合成,利用引物对P1(核苷酸序列如SEQ ID No.7所示)和P2(核苷酸序列如SEQID No.8所示)分别扩增目的基因片段,并分别通过无缝克隆到pPIC9K空载体(购自赛默飞世尔科技公司),得到的含重组人源纤连蛋白突变体1的重组质粒如图1所示,含重组人源纤连蛋白突变体2的重组质粒如图2所示。经测序验证成功后富集正确的重组质粒,分别使用SalI单酶切对重组质粒进行线性化,利用电转到毕赤酵母中,最后经G418抗性梯度筛选分别获得表达重组人源纤连蛋白的高拷贝毕赤酵母基因工程菌株Wild type、表达重组人源纤连蛋白突变体1的高拷贝毕赤酵母基因工程菌株Mutant 1.1和表达重组人源纤连蛋白突变体2的高拷贝毕赤酵母基因工程菌株Mutant 2.1。各蛋白和重组质粒的核酸电泳图如图3所示,其中泳道1:1kb DNA marker;泳道2:pPIC9K+原始重组人源纤连蛋白基因片段;泳道3:原始重组人源纤连蛋白;泳道4:pPIC9K+重组人源纤连蛋白突变体1基因片段;泳道5:重组人源纤连蛋白突变体1基因片段;泳道6:pPIC9K+重组人源纤连蛋白突变体2基因片段;泳道7:重组人源纤连蛋白突变体2基因片段。
实施例2
高拷贝毕赤酵母基因工程菌株的发酵和突变体1和2的表达:
分别将表达重组人源纤连蛋白的高拷贝毕赤酵母基因工程菌株Wild type、表达重组人源纤连蛋白突变体1的高拷贝毕赤酵母基因工程菌株Mutant 1.1和表达重组人源纤连蛋白突变体2的高拷贝毕赤酵母基因工程菌株Mutant 2.1接种于30mL BMGY培养基(该培养基由20g/L蛋白胨,10g/L酵母提取物,10×YNB 100ml,10×磷酸钾缓冲液pH 6.0 100ml,10×甘油100ml组成,余量为水,所述百分比为质量百分比),培养16~20小时,然后以初始OD600为1的接种量接种于30mL BMMY培养基(该培养基由20g/L蛋白胨,10g/L酵母提取物,10×YNB 100ml,10×磷酸钾缓冲液pH 6.0 100ml组成,余量为水,所述百分比为质量百分比)进行培养,每隔24小时补充300μL过滤除菌的甲醇,在72小时收集1mL发酵液。经HPLC检测突变体1的表达量为0.2g/L,突变体2的表达量为0.3g/L,通过12000rpm离心10min吸取500μL上清,将500μL上清经0.22μm的灭菌过滤膜进行除菌处理,并利用尺寸为10kDa的1.5mL超滤管在5000rpm、4℃下对除菌后发酵上清进行离心浓缩10倍,取24μL浓缩上清和6μL 5×loading buffer混合均匀和100℃加热10min,随后点样15μL到SDS-PAGE中进行蛋白电泳检测。检测的结果参见图4和5。
从图4和5可以看出,原始重组人源纤连蛋白(Wild Type)在毕赤酵母分泌表达过程中极易发生降解,因而在72小时发酵液中仅能检测到对应的降解条带而非目的蛋白条带,图6为表达原始重组人源纤连蛋白的毕赤酵母基因工程菌株(诱导48小时)发酵上清的SDS-PAGE图,可以看出未发生降解的原始重组人源纤连蛋白的条带位于20kDa处。而将第28位氨基酸(精氨酸)突变为异亮氨酸形成的重组人源纤连蛋白突变体1(Mutant 1.1)和将第78位氨基酸(亮氨酸)突变为脯氨酸形成的重组人源纤连蛋白突变体2(Mutant 2.1)在毕赤酵母中的稳定性均得到了显著改善,且Mutant 2.1在毕赤酵母中的降解情况显著弱于Mutant 1.1。上述结果表明,本发明对原始重组人源纤连蛋白的第28位或78位氨基酸的突变可显著提高重组人源纤连蛋白在毕赤酵母中表达的稳定性,并且在第78位氨基酸的突变效果显著优于第28位氨基酸的突变效果。
实施例3
由于原始重组人源纤连蛋白(Wild Type)在诱导发酵72小时后几乎检测不到目的蛋白,为对其进行细胞学实验研究,选择诱导发酵48小时的发酵上清进行提取纯化原始重组人源纤连蛋白,经HPLC检测原始重组人源纤连蛋白的含量为0.1g/L,而对于重组人源纤连蛋白突变体1和2则选择诱导发酵72小时的发酵上清。
1.细胞增殖试验
采用MTT法,以人成纤维细胞为实验细胞,检测重组人源化纤连蛋白wild type、mutant 1.1和mutant 2.1促进细胞增殖的能力。结果如图7所示,在0.01%~0.1%浓度下,wild type、mutant 1.1和mutant 2.1组的细胞活性随浓度降低而缓慢增加,其中,mutant2.1的促进人成纤维细胞增殖能力最强。
2.细胞迁移试验
利用细胞划痕法测定细胞迁移运动,以人成纤维细胞为实验细胞,检测重组人源化纤连蛋白wild type、mutant 1.1和mutant 2.1促进细胞迁移的能力。结果如图8所示,在0.01%~0.1%浓度下,wild type、mutant 1.1和mutant 2.1组的细胞迁移速率随浓度增加而增加,试验浓度下,mutant 2.1促进人成纤维细胞迁移能力最强。
3.细胞黏附试验
利用离心法,以人成纤维细胞为实验细胞,检测重组人源化纤连蛋白wild type、mutant 1.1和mutant 2.1促进细胞黏附的能力。结果如图9所示,0.01%~0.1%浓度下,wild type、mutant 1.1和mutant 2.1组的细胞黏附性随着浓度增加而增加,试验浓度下,mutant 2.1促进人成纤维细胞黏附性较强。
综合上述细胞增殖、细胞迁移和细胞黏附试验可以确定,对细胞的促进作用强弱的顺序为:重组人源化纤连蛋白wild type<mutant 1.1<mutant 2.1,结果表明mutant 2.1具有更为优异的促进细胞增殖、细胞迁移和细胞黏附作用。
以上仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出的是,上述优选实施方式不应视为对本发明的限制,本发明的保护范围应当以权利要求所限定的范围为准。对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (4)
1. 蛋白稳定性增强的重组人源纤连蛋白突变体,其特征在于,为SEQ ID No.1所示的重组人源纤连蛋白中的第28位氨基酸突变为异亮氨酸所形成的氨基酸序列为SEQ ID No.2所示的重组人源纤连蛋白突变体1,或为SEQ ID No.1所示的重组人源纤连蛋白中的第78位氨基酸突变为脯氨酸所形成的氨基酸序列为SEQ ID No.3所示的重组人源纤连蛋白突变体2。
2. 根据权利要求1所述的重组人源纤连蛋白突变体,其特征在于,重组人源纤连蛋白的核苷酸序列如SEQ ID No.4所示,蛋白稳定性增强的重组人源纤连蛋白突变体1的核苷酸序列如SEQ ID No.5所示,蛋白稳定性增强的重组人源纤连蛋白突变体2的核苷酸序列如SEQ ID No.6所示。
3.高效表达权利要求1所述的重组人源纤连蛋白突变体的菌株,其特征在于,为合成重组人源纤连蛋白突变体1或突变体2的核苷酸序列,然后扩增并无缝克隆到pPIC9K空载体中,测序正确的重组质粒经富集和SalI酶切线性化后转化到毕赤酵母中,通过G418抗性梯度筛选获得的高效分泌表达重组人源纤连蛋白突变体1或突变体2的毕赤酵母基因工程菌。
4.重组人源纤连蛋白突变体的表达方法,其特征在于,具体为:将权利要求3所述的高效表达重组人源纤连蛋白突变体1或突变体2的毕赤酵母基因工程菌接种在BMMY培养基中,30℃下经甲醇诱导表达72~120小时,收集上清,纯化得到重组人源纤连蛋白突变体1或突变体2。
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