CN1165719A - Magnetic braking - Google Patents
Magnetic braking Download PDFInfo
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- CN1165719A CN1165719A CN97109712A CN97109712A CN1165719A CN 1165719 A CN1165719 A CN 1165719A CN 97109712 A CN97109712 A CN 97109712A CN 97109712 A CN97109712 A CN 97109712A CN 1165719 A CN1165719 A CN 1165719A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
- B22D11/0637—Accessories therefor
- B22D11/064—Accessories therefor for supplying molten metal
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
- B22D11/0622—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars formed by two casting wheels
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
- B22D11/11—Treating the molten metal
- B22D11/114—Treating the molten metal by using agitating or vibrating means
- B22D11/115—Treating the molten metal by using agitating or vibrating means by using magnetic fields
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/02—Use of electric or magnetic effects
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
- Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
Abstract
Method and apparatus for retarding a flow of molten metal to a metal caster. The flow of molten metal is confined within a duct having an elongate cross-section transverse to the flow directions to shape the flow in a sheet formation. The sheet formation flow is subjected to a magnetic field extending through the flow transversely of the sheet formation and varying sinusoidally along the flow direction whereby to induce circulating electric currents in the molten metal which interact with the magnetic field to produce forces on the molten metal which retard the flow. The magnetic field may be induced by two sets of permanent magnets spaced one set to either side of the duct, the magnets of each set being spaced along the flow direction and being of successively opposite magnetic polarity.
Description
The present invention relates to the method and apparatus that a kind of magnetic braking flows into the motlten metal stream of metal continuous cast machine.Especially of the present invention but be not that unique application is braking or the whereabouts flow velocity that delays two roller metal tape billet continuous casting machine molten metal baths streams.
In double-roller continuous casting machine, motlten metal is injected between the horizontal casting roll of a pair of reverse rotation, casting roll is cooled off so that motlten metal forms solidified shell on the casting roll surface of motion, and the roll gap place generation that accumulates between two rollers is solidified made-up belt and moved downward the roll gap that leaves between two rollers.Be meant between two rollers at a distance of the shortest zone at this used " roll gap " speech.Motlten metal can inject a less tundish from casting ladle, and flow in the roll gap between two casting rolls by the casting of metals mouth of a river on roll gap again, and form a casting pool that is supported on the roller mould surface and just on roll gap and along the roll gap length direction, extends thus.Though also recommended other method, electricity-magnetic resistance retaining method for example, this casting pool is limited between two blocks of side plates or the weir usually, and slide with the roller end face and mesh in these two blocks of side plates or weir, thus the two ends that stop the molten bath are to outflow.
Although the non-ferrous metal that can solidify rapidly when the double roller continuous casting method is used to cast cooling has been obtained certain success, use this technology casting black metal and exist some problems.One of them problem is exactly will guarantee to distribute very evenly along the metal flow that the roll gap width flows, because when the casting black metal, also can cause made-up belt to produce defective even very little fluctuation is given birth in the liquid miscarriage.Be included in about the suggestion that obtains needed smooth flow in the past and put dividing plate and filter or a shock surface that tilts kinetic energy in the sprue gate, thereby make exit, mouth of a river metal flow steady with the motlten metal of reduction whereabouts.Yet these advise that all face is being supervised the problem of static surface in the free-falling metal flow Striker, and have proved the controlled deceleration of very difficult acquisition when held stationary evenly flows.But the present invention passes through in metal feed system motlten metal whereabouts beam magnetic braking head it off.Yet, will be appreciated that from following description the present invention also not only is confined to this application, it also can be used for braking the whereabouts metal flow in other type conticaster, as single roll continuous casting machine, belt caster and thin-slab caster.
The invention provides a kind of mobile method of motlten metal that delays to flow into the metal continuous cast machine, comprise that with described liquid current limit be in the passage in a long and narrow cross section on perpendicular to flow direction, so that liquid stream forms flat pattern; The liquid stream of described flat pattern is by a magnetic field, the bearing of trend in this magnetic field crosses the liquid stream of flat pattern and vertical with the flow direction of liquid stream, magnetic field roughly is sinusoidal variations along the motlten metal travel direction, therefore in molten metal bath stream, produce the circulation induced-current, this electric current and magnetic field reciprocation, thus motlten metal produced the power delay flow velocity.
Molten metal bath stream can be the whereabouts liquid stream in gravitational field.More particularly, streamed the flowing downward of liquid that it can flat pattern.
Described liquid is in two and overlaps between the mutual opposed magnet group of being made up of magnetic sensors when flowing by described passage, thereby be subjected to the effect of described magnetic field, every cover magnet group is positioned at a side of described passage, the inductor of every cover magnet group is all placed at interval along liquid stream flow direction, and polarity successively mutually oppositely, an inductor in each magnetic sensors of every cover magnet group and the another set of magnet group is perpendicular to liquid flow path direction centering, and polarity is opposite.
Magnetic sensors comprises the pole end piece of each permanent magnet.The magnetic field that is provided by permanent magnet also can be replenished by electromagnet.
Magnetic field is adjustable, controlling described brake force, thereby regulates the flow velocity of described liquid stream.
Can be by the described magnetic sensors of two covers being done relative motion change the magnetic field in the space between them, thus this magnetic field regulated.Relative motion can comprise: change described pore size and (or) change a cover inductor with respect to another set of direction, thereby regulate cover an inductor and another set of aliging.
Described motion can comprise two cover induction installations moving with reverse linear in opposite directions each other.In addition, it can comprise two the cover induction installations around pivoting movement.
Under the situation additional of magnetic field, also can regulate magnetic field by the size that changes input electromagnet electric current by electromagnetism.
The device that the motlten metal that the present invention also provides control to flow into the metal continuous cast machine flows comprises: a passage is used to limit liquid stream and has a long and narrow cross section so that liquid stream forms flat pattern; And magnetic field generator, with the magnetic field that passage is crossed in generation, this magnetic field roughly is sinusoidal variations along passage, makes thus in the molten metal bath stream and produces induced-current, and this electric current and magnetic field reciprocation have produced slows down the power that motlten metal flows.
In special an application, the invention provides a kind of method of continuous casting of metals made-up belt, motlten metal is by being injected into the roll gap place between the pair of parallel casting roll at the sprue gate on the roll gap in the method, forming one is supported on the casting roll surface and proper casting of metals molten bath on roll gap, and casting roll moves downward the metal made-up belt that solidifies by rotation and leaves roll gap, wherein motlten metal is transported in the mouth of a river by a vertical channel that lateral confinement is arranged with long and narrow cross section with a downward beam form, passage makes beam form flat pattern, the motlten metal beam that falls is because of being decelerated by a magnetic field, the liquid stream of flat pattern is crossed in this magnetic field with horizontal direction, and roughly be sinusoidal variations along vertical falling direction, in the motlten metal beam that falls, produce induced-current thus, this electric current and magnetic field reciprocation and then produced and act on the beam of whereabouts and suppress the power that it moves downward.
The effect of vertical channel such as same submersed nozzle are used for delivery of molten metal to sprue gate.
The present invention further comprises the device of continuous casting of metals made-up belt, and the composition of this device has: a pair of casting roll forms a roll gap between them; The one casting of metals mouth of a river is used for delivery of molten metal to the roll gap place between the casting roll, thereby forms a poured with molten metal molten bath, and this molten bath is supported in just on the casting roll surface on the roll gap; The casting roll drive unit with the reverse rotation of driving casting roll, thereby makes the metal made-up belt that solidifies leave roll gap downwards; The motlten metal generator comprises that one has the vertical channel in long and narrow cross section, and motlten metal is transported to the sprue gate place by it with flat pattern whereabouts beam form; And field generator for magnetic, to produce the magnetic field that basic horizontal is crossed the motlten metal beam of whereabouts, this magnetic field roughly is sinusoidal variations along whereabouts motion vertical direction, thereby cause to fall and break and produce induced-current in the beam, this electric current and magnetic field reciprocation and produce the power that obstruction whereabouts metal beam moves downward.
Below with reference to accompanying drawings principle of the present invention and the application in the double-roller continuous casting machine metal feed system thereof are described in detail, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram according to magnetic braking of the present invention system;
Fig. 2 illustrates the general configuration of this system in order to analyzing;
Fig. 3 is that the another kind of this structure is represented, is used for network analysis;
Fig. 4 is system's induced-current distribution map of obtaining by network analysis;
Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 provide the schematic diagram that braking system of the present invention is unified specific embodiment;
Fig. 7 illustrates a kind of of brakes and changes form;
Fig. 8 has the vertical cross section of outfit according to the double roller continuous casting of the metal feed system of magnetic braking device of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is the side view of conticaster shown in Figure 8;
Figure 10 is the diagram of regulating a kind of mode in the magnetic field that brakes produces;
Figure 11 is the typical magnetic flux change curve that the device by Figure 10 draws;
Figure 12 illustrates to move with respect to the integral body of whereabouts metal by two cover permanent magnets and makes electromagnetic field obtain the another kind of regulative mode of suitably regulating;
Figure 13 illustrates two cover permanent magnets and does as a whole being rotated and make magnetic field obtain another mode of regulating;
Figure 14 illustrates two cover permanent magnet reverse rotations and makes magnetic field obtain another mode of regulating; And
Figure 15 illustrates by adopting electric regulating winding that changing form of magnetic braking system that electromagnetism regulates carried out in magnetic field.
Fig. 1 shows brake system according to the invention, and this system produces a static magnetic field has the flat pattern whereabouts beam 1 that the motlten metal of electric conductivity forms with obstruction motion by means of permanent magnet.Magnetic field is to be produced by two cover magnetic field induction devices with label 2 total signs, and every cover magnetic field induction device is made up of the inductor 3 that a pair of perpendicular separation distributes.The layouts of two cover induction installations are that each side at flat pattern whereabouts beam 1 respectively has a cover.The inductor of every cover induction installation is reverse successively along flat pattern whereabouts beam vertical direction polarity, and the inductor in the cover induction installation aligns with the inductor along continuous straight runs of another set of induction installation, and the inductor polarity of the opposed induction installation of two covers is opposite.Inductor shown in this figure is the permanent magnet that is connected with magnetic field gyration block 4, and magnetic field gyration block 4 can be with for example mild steel manufacturing of magnetic material.
The magnetic flux that produces with magnetic sensors 3 vertically passes flat pattern whereabouts beam, shown in Fig. 1 arrow 5.Magnetic field roughly is sinusoidal variations along vertical downward direction, shown in Fig. 1 curve 6.Along with the increase of void size will be more near real sinusoidal.According to the present invention, brake application can be used bigger space usually so that hold the flat pattern beam and any necessary heat-insulating material.For ease of analyzing, the magnetic flux density of supposing to pass flat pattern beam width is constant.
The analysis of carrying out is in order to calculate brake force when the design consideration brakes of the present invention below.The general configuration that is used for analysis purpose is shown in Fig. 2.With reference to Fig. 2, we can think that width is that W, thickness are that T, conductance are that the flat pattern conduction beam of σ moves under axially along z with speed V.The y direction is pointed in Fig. 2 paper.A part that is in two pairs of flat pattern beams between the reverse magnetic pole only is shown among the figure.Suppose that the flat pattern beam vertically stretches above magnetic field range.The height of supposing the flat pattern beam that is supported is H, and the time is t, and acceleration of gravity is g (9.8m/s
2), the density of flat pattern beam is D.Suppose that the number of magnetic poles of equidistantly placing in each side of flat pattern beam is N, a sine wave highly is h.Magnetic field is along the y direction of principal axis, and it is constant to pass the direction of flat pattern beam, and its size is determined by following formula:
B
y(z)＝Msin(2πz/h)， -Nh/4＜z＜Nh/4 (1)
Wherein: M is a constant.
Fig. 2 shows the center 1/2 sinusoidal wave flat pattern beam part that covers that is provided by (1) formula.Similar processing (with last magnetic pole being had the very little end effect except first pair) all can be done in each zone between adjacent pole.In each zone, induced-current will flow round this regional center, i.e. initial point among Fig. 2.We can do one and be similar to, and promptly circuit is as adjacent rectangular band shown in Figure 2.These bands are full of the zone of being investigated and can think mutually insulated.
Now by considering that respectively zone and two end regions between adjacent pole calculate the brake force that acts on the flat pattern beam.In each zone, consider a single rectangular band and thereon integration to draw the power that acts on this zone.
Be located at 2x
*The electric current of responding in the rectangular band of 2z is dl (z), and its width is dz.Its loop geometry requires:
x ＝z2w/h (2)
Induced voltage in this moving belt is:
V(z) ＝-dφ/dt＝-4By(z)xv
＝-8B
y(z)wzv/h z＞0 (3)
Wherein: φ is the magnetic flux by rectangular band.The resistance of rectangular band is:
dR(z) ＝2x/(σTdz)+2z(σTdx)
＝z(4w
2+h
2)/(hwσTdz) z＞0 (4)
Then, draw
dI(z) ＝V/dR
＝-8vB
y(z)w
2σTdz/(4w
2+h
2)z＞0 (5)
The two-part power summation that makes progress is about rectangular band:
dF(z) ＝B
y(z)d14x
＝-32B
2 y(z)w
3σTvzdz/(h(4w
2+h
2)) (6)
This has provided the summation that acts on the power in zone between two adjacent poles, and its size is:
＝-0.703vM
2w
3σhT(4w
2+h
2) (7)
Can use similar method to calculate the size of the power that acts on the zone on the top pole.Be slower than the value that formula (1) provides weakening of this regional magnetic field, so we suppose that the process of weakening is that sine curve and its distance are h/2 rather than h/4.Its result and the result who draws with formula (7) are similar, be coefficient be not 0.703 but 0.2685.
Represent total braking force with newton, consequently:
F ＝-(0.703(N-1)+0.537)vM
2w
3σhT/(4w
2+h
2)
＝-0.703(N-0.236)vM
2w
3σhT/(4w
2+h
2) (8)
Can see, when h=2w, dF/dh=0.This shows that the spacing of magnet is unrestricted if N is a definite value, and the best vertical interval of magnetic pole is w so.
What is interesting is that if H is constant, and the corresponding relation of the variation of N and h is N=H/h, F is constant when N is very big so.
Braking power P is provided by Fv, and all braking power all will be used to heat the beam of flat pattern.
The induced field at the initial point place of present calculating chart 2.This can be by considering each banded loop respectively, and totalling calculates then.
The induced field of this initial point is provided by following formula:
DB
Y, i(0,0)=μ
oDI (x
2+ z
2)
0.5/ (π xz) (9) are derived thus
B
y，i(0，0)＝0.000002193vMwσ(4w
2+h
2) (10)
The total magnetic field of y direction is provided by following formula:
B
y，t＝B
y+B
y，i (11)
Along the center line of vertical flat pattern beam, the flat pattern beam that former magnetic field passive movement pulls down effectively.The induced field ideal situation is to be 0 on the line between the relative magnetic pole, is maximum at initial point place (as shown in Figure 2), and changes along the vertical center line near sinusoidal.Be in induced field opposite in sign with respect to the centre of the both sides of flat pattern beam.
The total magnetic field of using in the formula (3) should be B
Y, tRather than B
yYet this is almost as broad as long.
As an example of producible brake force, we have set following parameter to a flat pattern molten steel beam that falls:
N＝4
V＝-2m/s
σ=700000 (ohm m)
-1
The M=0.6 tesla
T＝0.01m
W＝0.11m
h＝0.22m
H＝0.44m
D＝7800kg/m
3
Substitution formula (8) draws F=40.3 newton (power that makes progress), and braking power is 80.7W.By comparing, because the influence of flat pattern beam gravity, brake force is-37 newton.The constant speed of flat pattern beam is-1.84m/s.
We also use the network analysis technology to do further analysis.In this technology, adopt the square sieve of substitutional resistance device that flat pattern whereabouts beam is simulated, as shown in Figure 3, and the predicted current distribution, see Fig. 4.The induced voltage of each grid depends on the speed of the magnetic flux and the flat pattern whereabouts beam of this grid.This technology is applied to aforesaid same parameter, shows and will produce 43 newton's brake force, the accuracy of this value is higher, because it does not use rectangle circuit approximation method.This approximation method is crossed the highland and has been estimated resistance among the banded loop n of each rectangle of Fig. 2, and side circuit is more prone to circle, particularly in the zone between magnetic pole.The resistance reduction will cause induced-current bigger, so brake force is also bigger.Yet under such condition, the general formula that provides above (8) can be used for calculating the brake force on the flat pattern whereabouts metal liquid stream that acts on sinusoidal magnetic field.
Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 are the schematic diagrames of the magnetic braking system of design according to the present invention, this system is used to brake the whereabouts motion by the motlten metal of a vertical channel 11, and passage 11 can be the submersed nozzle that motlten metal is provided to sprue gate or some other parts of conticaster.Passage 11 has long and narrow cross section, thereby makes the motlten metal 12 of whereabouts within it become flat pattern.
The magnetic braking device comprises the magnet group 13 that two covers are made up of permanent magnet 14, wherein every side of passage 11 has a cover, the magnet of every cover magnet group is placed at interval along the vertical direction of passage, the adjacent magnets magnetic pole of every cover magnet group is opposite, and the magnet in the cover magnet group is opposite with magnet horizontal direction centering and the magnetic in the another set of magnet group.Magnet is made long bar form, is inserted in the groove with suitable fixed structure, so that be connected with pair of outer low carbon steel plate 15, this steel plate provides the loop for magnetic field.Adopt this device, magnet can produce very strong magnetic field, and this magnetic field extending transversely between magnet is as shown in arrow 16, vertically passes the motlten metal of whereabouts, and sinusoidal variations vertically, and length is two complete sine waves.
Magnet is covered with stainless steel thermal insulation board 17, and the member of laying magnet can be enclosed in the double-deck outer cover, and this double-deck outer cover has been determined inside and outside two cooling chambers 19 and 20, wherein cold air by suitable entry conductor 21 and 22 and delivery channel 23 and 24 cool off.
Though for making braking the most effective, the length in magnetic field preferably has two complete sinusoidal waveforms at least, yet in some applications, the useful space of brakes is not allowed this degree that reaches, and needs to use 1.5 sine-shaped magnetic systems, as shown in Figure 7.
Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 illustrate has the twin roll strip caster that is equipped with according to the metal feed system of magnetic braking device of the present invention.This conticaster comprises a pair of horizontal casting roll 21, forms a roll gap 22 between two rollers.Motlten metal is injected into by the long and narrow casting of metals mouth of a river 25 of stretching along roll gap in the casting molten bath 23 on the mould surface 24 that is supported in the proper casting roll 21 on roll gap.The casting of metals mouth of a river 25 is from being extended down into the submersed nozzle 27 direct motlten metals that obtain from casting ladle 26 of sprue gate by casting ladle outlet 28.Submersed nozzle 27 comprises with casting ladle outlet 28 tubular upper that are connected 29 and is roughly the bottom 31 in the long and narrow cross section of rectangle along the cross section of casting of metals mouth of a river extension that transition portion 32 is connected top 29 with bottom 31.The lower end of bottom 31 reaches the bottom at the casting of metals mouth of a river 25, and its two longitudinal edge walls have number and discharge oral pore 33, is used to make metal liquid stream to flow into the casting of metals mouth of a river.Motlten metal in the casting of metals mouth of a river has flooded the bottom of submersed nozzle, comprises outlet opening 33, and enters casting pool by slit outlet 34 from the casting of metals mouth of a river.Its flox condition is such: the bottom at the casting of metals mouth of a river has been flooded in the molten bath, comprises slit outlet 34.
Casting pool is limited by a pair of side weir baffle plate 36 at the two ends of roll gap, and side weir baffle plate 36 remains in the baffle plate retainer 37, and by operation hydraulic cylinder 38 it is pressed on the two ends of casting roll.By motor and actuator drives driving shaft 39 and then drive casting roll backward rotation,, the made-up belt 40 that solidifies leaves roll gap thereby being moved downward.The outer circle wall of casting roll is made of copper, in a series of longitudinal extensions are arranged and along the water-cooled path of circumferentially-spaced, cooling water is provided by the water supply conduit that is installed in the casting roll driving shaft 38 by the casting roll end, and driving shaft 38 is connected with water supply hose 39 by rotary sealing appts 41.
Casting ladle 26 is a traditional structure.Casting ladle can be supported by the yoke of crane, makes it can be transported to suitable position from the station that obtains motlten metal and is connected with 27 top of submersed nozzle.Casting ladle is equipped with the stopper 42 that is driven by servo hydraulic cylinder, is used to control from exporting 28 motlten metals that flow into submersed nozzle 27 flow.
According to the present invention, with the magnetic braking devices of the overall sign of label 51 be placed in submersed nozzle 27 around, thereby slow down the motlten metal stream that falls by this mouth of a river effectively.The magnetic braking device can have as the front with reference to the described structure of Fig. 5 to Fig. 8, and the details of this structure does not need to do description at this again.As long as the two cover magnet groups of mentioning the magnetic braking device respectively the long and narrow cross section of submersed nozzle 27 part once be sidelong put one overlap enough.The motlten metals that flow out from casting ladle outlet 28 are cylinder liquid stream shape at first, when it in long and narrow cross section part 31 time, had the flat pattern in long and narrow cross section because of being restricted to be transformed into.The magnet of magnetic braking device 51 produces a magnetic field, and the magnetic flux in this magnetic field laterally runs through motlten metal flat pattern whereabouts beam, wherein magnetic field intensity sinusoidal variations vertically.The magnetic braking device can be Fig. 5 and type shown in Figure 6, so that magnetic field changes in two sine waves, if institute takes up space does not allow like this, and the roughly form in magnetic field can be a type as shown in Figure 7 so, so that magnetic field only changes in 1.5 sine waves.
This device can produce such effect fully, promptly the metal that flows is produced enough big braking, thereby has slowed down the speed of whereabouts liquid stream greatly, and then eliminates the kinetic energy of liquid stream, and makes beam keep stable state to flow.It can be such slowing down effect: metal can flow directly into the casting of metals mouth of a river 25 from the bottom of submersed nozzle, and does not need baffle plate and other bolster.
Entering the motlten metal stream of casting pool by running gate system can be only be moved according to the depth test in molten bath by stopper 42 and controls.Under such situation, the size of submersed nozzle 27 must be such: promptly the motlten metal of whereabouts by it can not be full of it fully, so that along with the flow velocity of beam descends, be to keep the unit interval constant flow, makes the beam width expansion of flat pattern.Yet, can also regulate magnetic field, so that control the speed that whereabouts liquid flows,, in this case, motlten metal is full of passage fully to keep the unit interval constant flow according to following method.
Can use described conticaster to carry out Casting steel strip.Usually, the diameter of casting roll is about 500mm, and roller is about 1500mm, with the wideest band steel that reaches 1500mm approximately of casting.Molten steel is particularly suitable for the present invention, is good conductor because it does not have magnetic.In a typical conticaster, the flow velocity of the motlten metal by running gate system is 2 * 10 approximately
-3m
3/ s just is equivalent to about 15.6kg/s.The about 0.5m of the distance of fall of motlten metal before the magnetic field that enters magnetic braking device 51, in this case, because gravity makes its power at the magnetic field arrival end reach about 73W, and speed reaches about 3m/s.If the total length of submersed nozzle 27 is about 1 meter, about 0.6 tesla of nominal magnetic flux density peak value that permanent magnet in the magnetic braking system provides, the magnetic braking system can eliminate the power above 100W fully so, thereby motlten metal is dropped to below the 2m/s in the speed in submersed nozzle exit.
Though electro-magnetic braking device can reduce the kinetic energy of motlten metal whereabouts beam, it does not change beam unit interval flow.In a strip caster, the unit interval flow mainly is to regulate by casting ladle stopper in the metal feed system or mouth of a river valve.In the variant stage of casting cycle, the unit interval flow needs to change, and variable quantity can reach 2 times, if the electromagnetic braking effect remains unchanged, this just might make the liquid metal in the metal feed system accumulate.Therefore, be necessary the size of brake force is regulated or dynamically control.Such control can make the liquid metal liquid stream in the system be full of passage fully and the magnetic braking device becomes the main method that flows and control.
In described magnetic braking system, the peak flux density that the gap between magnet produces and the width in space have much relations.A small amount of increase of gap length will cause peak flux to descend significantly.Therefore, in principle, during operation, the method that can use any change gap length is with control brake force, and if peak flux change 2 times and will make brake force change 4 times.
In the actual brakes that adopts powerful magnet, the attraction in the space is very large.For example, attraction is greater than 1/2nd tonnes.Therefore, all must can bear the power of this order of magnitude, and overcome them and work for any mechanical device that changes gap length.
Be used to change gap length and be shown in Figure 10 with a kind of appropriate device of carrying out the magnetic field adjusting.
In this device, the magnet group of being made up of permanent magnet 53 52 is installed in the yoke 61 that is roughly U-shaped, and be connected with the outer arm of yoke by hydraulic actuator 62, adopt this method, the magnet group can be carried out integrally in opposite directions or the reverse linear motion, thereby space 67 is changed, and meanwhile, passage 65 is in the middle part, space all the time.Yoke 61 can adopt suitable heavy type structure with the power of bearing between the magnet and hydraulic actuator 62 produces, and this device provides a kind of method that changes void size solid and reliablely, and need be in the electrical system of any high pressure of liquid metal disposed about.It has also kept the regularity in the magnetic field of crossing passage 65.
Figure 11 has drawn and has used the typical curve that concerns between peak flux density that system as shown in figure 10 obtains and the space.
Figure 12 shows the method for another kind of machinery control magnetic flux.In this method, the two cover magnet groups of being made up of permanent magnet 53 52 are fixed in the yoke 73, set of permanent magnets can be pulled away from passage 65 by the hydraulic actuator 74 that is operatively connected on fixed component 75.
Figure 13 and Figure 14 show the method for other machinery control magnetic flux, and wherein two cover magnet groups can be rotated.In device shown in Figure 13, two cover magnet groups are rotated with respect to passage 65 as an integral body, and Figure 14 two cover magnet groups are shown is relative rotations, this relatively rotation have such effect: change the aligning of the magnetic pole of a cover magnetic group with respect to another set of magnetic pole.
Device shown in Figure 12,13 and 14 all can make magnetic field scrambling occur along passage 65 widths, and then the unit interval flow of channel outlet is changed.This is unacceptable for some application of the present invention, and the device shown in Fig. 3 may be more better.
Figure 15 shows follow-on brakes, wherein the two cover magnet groups of being made up of permanent magnet 83 82 are separated by less high magnetic conductivity object 85 with high magnetic conductivity revolving body 84, object 85 is centered on by water-cooled copper electricity regulating winding 86, and this assembly is installed in heavy in yoke 87.Can supply with coil 86 1 big electric currents (1000 amperes of up), to increase or to reduce the magnetic flux that permanent magnet produces in space 88.In this way, the high coercivity advantage of permanent magnet is combined with the controllability of the electromagnetic system of being made of coil 86.Test shows, the magnetic flux that the permanent magnet system that adopts this method to control to be made of the NdFeB magnet produces is increased or decreased to few 30%.This order of magnitude scope can make brake force change more than 3 times.
Use for some, permanent magnetism and electromagnetism combine to compare with simple permanent magnet system or simple electromagnetic system certain advantage.Because the square law relationship between magnetic flux density and the magnetic field force makes it can have very high controllability.The coercivity of permanent magnet and the higher magnetic flux density of therefore coming can further be strengthened because of the additional coercivity of electromagnetic system.If power failure, system will forward under the common braking condition, this also can be designed to " the anti-power failure " formula.
Illustrated embodiment of the present invention and its application in the twin roll strip continuous casting only are that way of example is described, and application of the present invention is very extensive.For example, can be applied to the submersed nozzle of other metal continuous cast machine according to magnetic braking of the present invention system.Though, produce fluctuating magnetic field in many cases and only use permanent magnet just enough, be necessary that in some cases the magnetic flux that adopts solenoid to produce replenishes such magnetic field.This makes it possible to require to regulate continuously magnetic field with the control flow velocity according to control system.By using the powerful magnet or the electromagnet of high magnetic force, according to the present invention, can slow down the speed of the motlten metal beam of whereabouts, thereby it is solidified in the way that falls, thereby can use direct freely falling body casting technique, metal is transformed into solid-state made-up belt from the fusion beam in dropping process in this technology, and transformation perhaps perhaps is to have in the passage in suitable cross section to obtain desired final congealed prod shape in unrestricted freely falling body process.The present invention also can be used for watering cast copper and aluminium.Therefore, will be appreciated that the present invention has the application of non-constant width, and the concrete form of device can carry out very big change according to concrete application.
Claims (28)
1. method that delays to flow into the molten metal bath stream of conticaster, it is characterized in that having following step: is the passage (11 in a long and narrow cross section with described liquid current limit on perpendicular to flow direction; 31) in, so that liquid stream forms flat pattern; The liquid of described flat pattern stream is by a magnetic field, and the bearing of trend in this magnetic field crosses the liquid stream of flat pattern and vertical with the flow direction of liquid stream; Magnetic field roughly is sinusoidal variations along the direction of liquid flow movement, thereby produces the circulation induced-current in molten metal bath stream, this electric current and magnetic field reciprocation, thereby the power that generation delays to flow to motlten metal.
2. method according to claim 1, its feature are that further molten metal bath stream is the whereabouts liquid stream that is in the gravitational field.
3. method according to claim 1 and 2, its feature are that further described liquid stream is the molten steel that falls with flat pattern.
4. according to the described any method of claim 1 to 3, its feature is that further described liquid stream is by described passage (11; 31) be in two covers the time by magnetic sensors (14; 53) the mutual opposed magnet group (13 of Zu Chenging; 52) between, thereby be subjected to the effect of described magnetic field, every cover magnet group is positioned at described passage (11; 31) a side, every cover magnet group (13; 52) inductor (14; 53) all place at interval, and polarity successively mutually oppositely every cover magnet group (13 along liquid stream flow direction; 52) each magnetic sensors (14; 53) with another set of magnet group (13; 52) inductor (14 in; 53) perpendicular to liquid flow path direction centering, and polarity is opposite.
5. method according to claim 4, its feature further are, magnetic sensors (14; 53) comprise the pole end piece of respectively overlapping permanent magnet.
6. method according to claim 5, its feature are that further the magnetic field that is produced by permanent magnet is replenished by electromagnet (86).
7. according to the described any method of claim 1 to 6, its feature further is, regulates magnetic field controlling described brake force, thereby controls the flow velocity of described liquid stream.
8. according to the described any method of claim 1 to 5, its feature further is, do relative motion by the described magnet group (52) that two covers are made up of inductor (53) and to regulate magnetic field, thereby the changes of magnetic field that the space (67) that is between the magnet group is located is to control described brake force and and then to control the flow velocity of described liquid stream.
9. method according to claim 8, its feature are that further described relative motion is such, even the space (67) that is between the magnetic sensors changes.
10. according to Claim 8 or 9 described methods, its feature further is, described relative motion is such, promptly change the cover magnet group (52) formed by magnetic field sensor (53) with respect to another set of direction, thereby the inductor of regulating a cover magnet group (52) is to the centering of the inductor of another set of magnet group (52).
11. according to Claim 8 to 10 described any methods, its feature further is, described relative motion comprises each other whole mobile with reverse linear in opposite directions of magnet group (52) that two covers are made up of inductor (53).
12. method according to claim 10, its feature are that further described relative motion comprises that two overlap the gyration around pivot of the magnet group of being made up of inductor (53) (52).
13. method according to claim 6, its feature further be, regulates magnetic field controlling described brake force by the size that changes input electromagnet (86) electric current, and and then control described liquid flowing speed.
14. the method for a continuous casting of metals made-up belt, wherein motlten metal is by the roll gap (22) between the casting roll (21) that is arranged in the casting of metals mouth of a river (25) the inflow pair of parallel on the roll gap (22), and form one thus and be supported in the just poured with molten metal molten bath (23) on roller (21) mould surface on the roll gap (22), and casting roll (21) rotation makes the frozen metal made-up belt of generation move downward the roll gap that leaves between two rollers, the motlten metal whereabouts beam that is transported in the method in the mouth of a river (25) is limited in the vertical channel (27) in a long and narrow cross section (31), make beam form flat pattern, the motlten metal whereabouts liquid stream of described flat pattern is decelerated by a magnetic field, the motlten metal that the bearing of trend in this magnetic field crosses flat pattern is level substantially, and roughly be sinusoidal variations along motlten metal whereabouts travel direction, therefore in whereabouts molten metal bath stream, produce induced-current, this electric current and magnetic field reciprocation, thereby motlten metal has been produced the power that it flows downward that delays, the magnet group that this magnetic field is made up of permanent magnet two covers produces, this two covers magnet group is arranged in each side of described passage respectively, the magnet of every suit magnet group is placed at interval along described channel vertical, and polarity is reverse successively, the magnet of one cover magnet group and the vertical centering of magnet of another set of magnet group, polarity is opposite.
15. method according to claim 14, its feature are that further described motlten metal is a molten steel.
16. according to claim 14 or 15 described methods, its feature is that further vertical channel (27) is as the submersed nozzle that poured with molten metal is arrived in the sprue gate (25).
17. according to the described any method of claim 14 to 16, its feature further is, controls described brake force by regulating magnetic field, and and then the motlten metal flow velocity of control by vertical channel.
18. be used to control the device of the molten metal bath stream that flows into the metal continuous cast machine, comprise: a passage (11; 31), be used to limit liquid stream and have a long and narrow cross section so that liquid stream forms flat pattern; And magnetic field generator (3; 51), cross passage (11 in order to generation; 31) magnetic field, this magnetic field roughly is sinusoidal variations along passage, produces induced-current thereby make in the molten metal bath stream, and this electric current and magnetic field reciprocation produce the brake force that acts on the motlten metal.
19. device according to claim 18, its feature further are, magnetic field generator (2; 51) comprise that two covers are by magnetic sensors (14; 53) the mutual opposed magnet group (13 of Zu Chenging; 52), they are arranged in the both sides of passage, the inductor (14 of every cover magnet group; 53) all place, and polarity successively mutually oppositely every cover magnet group (13 along channel spacing; 52) magnetic sensors (14; 53) with another set of magnet group in an inductor (14; 53) perpendicular to the horizontal centering of passage, and polarity is opposite.
20. device according to claim 19, its feature are that further magnetic field generator comprises two cover permanent magnets (14; 53) the magnet group of Gou Chenging, this two covers magnet group has the pole end piece of forming described magnetic sensors.
21. device according to claim 20, its feature further be, installs by what permanent magnet (53) was formed and two overlap magnet groups (52), so that change space between them (67) by doing relative motion.
22. device according to claim 20, its feature further are, the two cover magnet groups of being made up of permanent magnet (53) (52) are installed, so that change a cover magnet group with respect to another set of direction by doing relative motion.
23. device according to claim 19, its feature are that further magnetic field generator also comprises the two cover electromagnets (86) that match with permanent magnet, this two covers electromagnet is used for replenishing and regulating the magnetic field that is produced by permanent magnet.
24. be used for the device of continuous casting of metals made-up belt, this device comprises: a pair of casting roll (21) forms a roll gap (22) between two casting rolls; A casting of metals mouth of a river (25) is used for the described roll gap of poured with molten metal between the casting roll (21) is supported in the just poured with molten metal molten bath (23) on the roller mould surface on the roll gap (22) thereby form one; The casting roll drive unit to drive the casting roll reverse rotation, leaves roll gap thereby the metal made-up belt that solidifies is moved downward; The motlten metal generator comprises that one has the vertical channel (27 in long and narrow cross section; 31), the motlten metal that is provided is transported to sprue gate (25) by it with flat pattern whereabouts beam form and locates; And field generator for magnetic (51), to produce the magnetic field that basic horizontal is crossed the motlten metal beam of whereabouts, described magnetic field roughly is sinusoidal variations along whereabouts motion vertical direction, thereby produce induced-current in the beam that causes to fall and break, described electric current and magnetic field reciprocation and produce the brake force that acts on the metal beam of whereabouts move downward to hinder metal; Field generator for magnetic comprises that two covers are by permanent magnet (14; 53) the magnet group (13 of Zu Chenging; 52), they are arranged in the both sides of described passage, and the magnet of every cover magnet group is all placed at interval along channel vertical, and polarity is successively mutually oppositely, a vertical centering of magnet in each magnet of every cover magnet group and the another set of magnet group, and polarity is opposite.
25. device according to claim 24, its feature are that further vertical channel (27) is as the submersed nozzle that poured with molten metal is arrived in the sprue gate (25).
26. according to claim 24 or 25 described devices, its feature further is, installs by what magnet (53) was formed and two overlaps magnet groups (52), so that change the space (67) between them by doing relative motion.
27. device according to claim 24, its feature further are, the two cover magnet groups of being made up of permanent magnet (53) (52) are installed, so that change a cover magnet group with respect to another set of direction by doing relative motion.
28. device according to claim 24, its feature are that further magnetic field generator also comprises the two cover electromagnets (86) that match with permanent magnet (53), this two covers electromagnet is used for replenishing and regulating the magnetic field that is produced by permanent magnet.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AUPN9539 | 1996-04-29 | ||
| AUPN9539A AUPN953996A0 (en) | 1996-04-29 | 1996-04-29 | Magnetic braking |
| AUP02507 | 1996-09-23 | ||
| AUPO2507A AUPO250796A0 (en) | 1996-09-23 | 1996-09-23 | Modulated magnetic braking |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1165719A true CN1165719A (en) | 1997-11-26 |
| CN1072050C CN1072050C (en) | 2001-10-03 |
Family
ID=25645163
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN97109712A Expired - Fee Related CN1072050C (en) | 1996-04-29 | 1997-04-25 | Magnetic braking |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5934358A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0810047A3 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH1029044A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR970069195A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1072050C (en) |
| AU (1) | AU714976B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2201039A1 (en) |
| TW (1) | TW338734B (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102177258A (en) * | 2008-08-07 | 2011-09-07 | Tmt出铁测量技术有限公司 | Method and devices for regulating the flow rate and for slowing down melt streams through magnetic fields in the tapping of metallurgical containers such as blast furnaces and melt furnaces |
| CN102177260A (en) * | 2008-08-07 | 2011-09-07 | Tmt出铁测量技术有限公司 | Method and melt channels for interrupting and restoring the melt stream of iron and metal melts in tap hole channels of blast furnaces and drainage channels of melt furnaces |
| CN107073573A (en) * | 2014-05-21 | 2017-08-18 | 诺维尔里斯公司 | Contactless melting metal flow control |
| CN110315042A (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2019-10-11 | 燕山大学 | A kind of agitating device for horizontal casting precision White brass alloy pipe |
| CN111017782A (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2020-04-17 | 南京工程学院 | Permanent magnet eddy current braking device for fixed air gap type elevator |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19711116C2 (en) * | 1997-03-05 | 1999-05-12 | Mannesmann Ag | Method and device for casting thin strands |
| SE509112C2 (en) * | 1997-04-18 | 1998-12-07 | Asea Brown Boveri | Device for continuous casting of two blanks in parallel |
| DE502004004157D1 (en) * | 2003-12-18 | 2007-08-02 | Sms Demag Ag | MAGNETIC BRAKE FOR CONTINUOUS GASKILKILLE |
| US7984749B2 (en) * | 2003-12-18 | 2011-07-26 | Sms Siemag Ag | Magnetic device for continuous casting mold |
| JP4772407B2 (en) * | 2005-07-15 | 2011-09-14 | 高橋 謙三 | Molten metal transfer device |
| CN107790966A (en) * | 2016-09-01 | 2018-03-13 | 江西江冶实业有限公司 | A kind of 1030 DEG C of superhigh temperature vacuum weldings TU0 oxygen-free copper preparation methods |
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| GB728145A (en) * | 1952-06-16 | 1955-04-13 | Asea Ab | Electromagnetic means for regulating the flow of molten metal through a tubular channel |
| GB1481301A (en) * | 1973-07-16 | 1977-07-27 | Bicc Ltd | Method of and apparatus for casting metals |
| JPS5855157A (en) * | 1981-09-28 | 1983-04-01 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Method and device for controlling charged flow in continuous casting |
| FR2558085B1 (en) * | 1984-01-18 | 1987-05-15 | Usinor | PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR THE ELABORATION OF LOW THICKNESS METAL AND SEMI-METAL TAPES |
| JPS61129261A (en) * | 1984-11-28 | 1986-06-17 | Nippon Steel Corp | Production of continuously cast steel ingot having less surface defect |
| JPS61154739A (en) * | 1984-12-26 | 1986-07-14 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Continuous casting machine for thin ingot |
| JPS63154246A (en) * | 1986-12-18 | 1988-06-27 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Continuous casting method for steel using static magnetic field |
| JPS6462249A (en) * | 1987-08-31 | 1989-03-08 | Toshiba Corp | Continuous casting apparatus |
| JPH01299747A (en) * | 1988-05-28 | 1989-12-04 | Nippon Steel Corp | Pouring nozzle, continuous casting method and device for controlling molten metal surface level |
| NZ242595A (en) * | 1991-05-23 | 1993-09-27 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind | Casting metal strip; delivery nozzle for delivering molten metal to nip rollers |
| SE501322C2 (en) * | 1993-01-19 | 1995-01-16 | Asea Brown Boveri | Device for injection molding in mold |
| JPH1062249A (en) * | 1996-08-15 | 1998-03-06 | Dainippon Screen Mfg Co Ltd | Instrument for measuring spectroscopic reflectivity and surface shape |
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1997
- 1997-03-24 AU AU16491/97A patent/AU714976B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1997-03-26 CA CA002201039A patent/CA2201039A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-04-14 JP JP9095914A patent/JPH1029044A/en active Pending
- 1997-04-24 US US08/840,071 patent/US5934358A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-04-25 CN CN97109712A patent/CN1072050C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-04-25 EP EP97302858A patent/EP0810047A3/en not_active Ceased
- 1997-04-28 TW TW086105555A patent/TW338734B/en active
- 1997-04-29 KR KR1019970016356A patent/KR970069195A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102177258A (en) * | 2008-08-07 | 2011-09-07 | Tmt出铁测量技术有限公司 | Method and devices for regulating the flow rate and for slowing down melt streams through magnetic fields in the tapping of metallurgical containers such as blast furnaces and melt furnaces |
| CN102177260A (en) * | 2008-08-07 | 2011-09-07 | Tmt出铁测量技术有限公司 | Method and melt channels for interrupting and restoring the melt stream of iron and metal melts in tap hole channels of blast furnaces and drainage channels of melt furnaces |
| CN107073573A (en) * | 2014-05-21 | 2017-08-18 | 诺维尔里斯公司 | Contactless melting metal flow control |
| US10118221B2 (en) | 2014-05-21 | 2018-11-06 | Novelis Inc. | Mixing eductor nozzle and flow control device |
| US10464127B2 (en) | 2014-05-21 | 2019-11-05 | Novelis Inc. | Non-contacting molten metal flow control |
| CN107073573B (en) * | 2014-05-21 | 2020-05-05 | 诺维尔里斯公司 | Non-contact molten metal flow control |
| US10835954B2 (en) | 2014-05-21 | 2020-11-17 | Novelis Inc. | Mixing eductor nozzle and flow control device |
| US11383296B2 (en) | 2014-05-21 | 2022-07-12 | Novelis, Inc. | Non-contacting molten metal flow control |
| CN110315042A (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2019-10-11 | 燕山大学 | A kind of agitating device for horizontal casting precision White brass alloy pipe |
| CN110315042B (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2020-09-04 | 燕山大学 | A agitating unit for accurate cupronickel alloy pipe of horizontal continuous casting |
| CN111017782A (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2020-04-17 | 南京工程学院 | Permanent magnet eddy current braking device for fixed air gap type elevator |
| CN111017782B (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2021-07-06 | 南京工程学院 | Permanent magnet eddy current braking device for fixed air gap type elevator |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH1029044A (en) | 1998-02-03 |
| EP0810047A3 (en) | 1999-01-07 |
| KR970069195A (en) | 1997-11-07 |
| CN1072050C (en) | 2001-10-03 |
| AU714976B2 (en) | 2000-01-13 |
| EP0810047A2 (en) | 1997-12-03 |
| US5934358A (en) | 1999-08-10 |
| AU1649197A (en) | 1997-11-13 |
| TW338734B (en) | 1998-08-21 |
| CA2201039A1 (en) | 1997-10-29 |
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Owner name: CARD STREEP CO.,LTD. Free format text: FORMER OWNER: ISHIKAWAJIMA-HARIMA JUKOGYO K. K.; BHP STEEL (JLA) PTY. LTD. Effective date: 20011210 |
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Effective date of registration: 20011210 Address after: North Carolina, USA Patentee after: Castlip Co. Address before: Tokyo, Japan Patentee before: Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. Patentee before: BHP Steel Co., Ltd. |
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