CN116554906A - Preparation device and preparation method of biochar-based fertilizer for soil conditioning - Google Patents
Preparation device and preparation method of biochar-based fertilizer for soil conditioning Download PDFInfo
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- CN116554906A CN116554906A CN202310598997.4A CN202310598997A CN116554906A CN 116554906 A CN116554906 A CN 116554906A CN 202310598997 A CN202310598997 A CN 202310598997A CN 116554906 A CN116554906 A CN 116554906A
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 71
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 235000011837 pasties Nutrition 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 241001233242 Lontra Species 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000007602 hot air drying Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/02—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
- B01F33/80—Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
- B01F33/83—Mixing plants specially adapted for mixing in combination with disintegrating operations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
- B01F33/80—Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
- B01F33/836—Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers combining mixing with other treatments
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
- B01F33/80—Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
- B01F33/836—Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers combining mixing with other treatments
- B01F33/8361—Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers combining mixing with other treatments with disintegrating
- B01F33/83613—Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers combining mixing with other treatments with disintegrating by grinding or milling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
- B01F33/80—Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
- B01F33/836—Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers combining mixing with other treatments
- B01F33/8364—Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers combining mixing with other treatments with drying
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2/00—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
- B01J2/20—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic by expressing the material, e.g. through sieves and fragmenting the extruded length
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B1/00—Retorts
- C10B1/02—Stationary retorts
- C10B1/04—Vertical retorts
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F2101/00—Mixing characterised by the nature of the mixed materials or by the application field
- B01F2101/32—Mixing fertiliser ingredients
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation device and a preparation method of a biochar-based fertilizer for soil conditioning, relates to the technical field of preparation of charcoal-based fertilizer, and solves the problem that long-time hot air drying can cause drying and agglomeration and is difficult to crush. The utility model provides a preparation facilities and preparation method of charcoal-based fertilizer for soil conditioning, includes the retort, the connection of retort lower extreme is provided with the agitator tank, the retort includes the stove urceolus, the inside of stove urceolus is provided with built-in layer, the surface on built-in layer is provided with the zone of heating, the both sides of zone of heating and built-in layer upper end are run through there is the discharge gate, the inboard bottom of zone of heating is provided with the support otter board. According to the invention, the sealing circular plate moves up and down in the connecting pipe, so that hot air in the upper discharge hole intermittently flows into the particle drying and feeding mechanism, and intermittent hot air feeding and drying are performed to prevent hot air from thoroughly drying the particle drying and feeding mechanism into blocks, so that a part of moisture is reserved in the granular fertilizer mixture.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of preparation of carbon-based fertilizers, in particular to a preparation device and a preparation method of a biochar-based fertilizer for soil conditioning.
Background
The main component of the carbon-based fertilizer is carbon, an ecological environment-friendly fertilizer prepared by adding organic matters or inorganic matters, the carbon element is a main element for biological growth, and soil environment beneficial to healthy growth of plants can be created by adding the carbon-based fertilizer into soil, so that soil fertility is improved, crop growth is promoted, the main element of the common carbon-based fertilizer is carbon, and the carbon is obtained by putting straws, wood blocks or shells into a carbonization furnace for high-temperature treatment;
the carbonization furnace is used for mixing and pouring the carbonized raw materials into a stirring box to be mixed and prepared with other inorganic elements, the temperature of the carbonized raw materials is higher in the process, the artificial operation has higher risk, a pasty fertilizer mixture is formed after the carbonized raw materials are mixed and prepared in the stirring box, and the pasty fertilizer mixture is further formed into granules;
however, the existing device can not cut and dry the pasty fertilizer mixture at the same time, so that the moisture in the pasty fertilizer mixture can not be removed in time, and the pasty fertilizer mixture is extremely easy to be decomposed and deteriorated due to excessive moisture; when the granular fertilizer mixture is dried, the granular fertilizer mixture is dried into blocks after long-time hot air drying, and the blocks of the granular fertilizer mixture are difficult to crush, so that the granular fertilizer mixture is difficult to mix with soil in subsequent use, and the usability of the granular fertilizer mixture is greatly influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation device and a preparation method of a biochar-based fertilizer for soil conditioning, which are used for solving the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: the utility model provides a preparation facilities of charcoal-based fertilizer for soil conditioning, includes the retort, the connection of retort lower extreme is provided with the agitator tank, the retort includes the stove urceolus, the inside of stove urceolus is provided with built-in layer, the surface of built-in layer is provided with the zone of heating, the both sides of zone of heating and built-in layer upper end are run through there is the upper discharge gate, the bottom of the zone of heating inboard is provided with the support otter board, the both sides of agitator tank inside all are provided with the feed cylinder down, the upper end of feed cylinder and the both sides of stove urceolus bottom run through the connection, the below activity of support otter board is provided with the blowing fan, the upper end activity of agitator tank inside is provided with the pressure movable plate;
the upper end of the carbonization furnace is provided with a feeding air outlet cylinder, one end of the stirring box is welded with a discharging cylinder, one side of the discharging cylinder is provided with a particle drying and forming mechanism, one side end of the feeding air outlet cylinder is welded with a connecting pipe, an intermittent air outlet mechanism is fixedly arranged between the connecting pipe and the particle drying and forming mechanism, and one end face of the discharging cylinder is welded with a discharging plate;
the particle drying and feeding mechanism comprises a curved plate and a rotating shaft, the curved plate is matched with the end face of one side of the discharging plate to move, the rotating plate is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the rotating shaft, a top moving block is welded at one side of the upper end of the rotating plate, the intermittent air outlet mechanism comprises a top moving circular plate and a hot air cylinder, the lower end of the top moving circular plate is welded with a protruding block, and the rotating shaft and the rotating plate are both rotationally arranged at the lower sides of the curved plate and the top moving circular plate.
Preferably, the middle part of agitator tank is provided with rotatory main shaft, rotatory main shaft's upper end and fan fixed connection of blowing, all be provided with four crushed aggregates stirring leaf around rotatory main shaft lower extreme, rotatory main shaft's lower extreme is connected with differential gear box through the rotation axis and connects, differential gear box's lower extreme is provided with servo motor.
Preferably, sealing plates are welded at the upper ends of the two opposite crushed aggregates stirring blades, and the sealing plates are matched with the bottom end of the blanking barrel.
Preferably, the middle part of the upper end of the top movable circular plate is welded with a movable long column, the peripheral surface of the lower side of the movable long column is welded with a movable annular plate, the periphery of the upper end surface of the movable annular plate is welded with a first spring, and the upper end of the movable long column is welded with a sealing circular plate.
Preferably, the upper section of the movable long column is movably positioned in the first spring, the movable ring plate is movably positioned in the hot air cylinder, the upper end of the hot air cylinder is provided with a sealing through hole in a penetrating way, and the sealing circular plate is matched and positioned in the sealing through hole.
Preferably, both side ends of the curved plate are welded with connecting end plates, two upper ends between the connecting end plates are arranged and provided with a plurality of cutting plates, two outer side ends of the connecting end plates are welded with matching blocks, movable grooves are vertically formed in the inner sides of the matching blocks, two connecting frames are connected and welded on one side end faces between the connecting end plates, side strips are fixedly arranged on both sides of the connecting frames, and the side strips are vertically inserted into the movable grooves in the matching blocks.
Preferably, a plurality of extrusion holes are transversely formed in the end face of one side of the discharging plate in a penetrating mode, the upper end and the lower end of the cutting plate are both provided with blade structures, hydraulic columns are connected and arranged at two opposite angles of the upper end of the pressing plate, and the hydraulic columns are located at the upper end of the stirring box.
Preferably, the middle part welding of connecting frame upper end has the support plectane, the upper end connection of support plectane is provided with the second spring, the upper end of second spring is connected with the branch even board, welded connection between branch even board and the ejection of compact section of thick bamboo.
Preferably, the curved plate is provided with an arc-shaped plate surface structure, and the protruding blocks at the lower ends of the top moving block and the top moving circular plate are provided with protruding structures with arc surfaces.
A preparation method of a preparation device of a biochar-based fertilizer for soil conditioning, comprising the following steps:
A. by opening an end cover at the upper end of the feeding air outlet cylinder, putting straws, wood blocks or fruit shells and the like to be carbonized into the built-in layer, heating the inside of the built-in layer by the heating layer and gradually carbonizing the raw materials, wherein the carbonized raw materials lose the whole weight due to moisture, and a servo motor at the lower end is opened, so that a rotating shaft on the servo motor drives a part in the differential gear box and a rotating main shaft to rotate;
B. then, the rotating main shaft drives the blowing fan at the upper end to perform rotating movement, so that the blowing fan can blow air into the inner layer at the upper end, the weight of carbonized raw materials is reduced, the carbonized raw materials can gradually move upwards through blowing, and as the upper discharge holes are fixedly arranged at the two sides of the heating layer and the inner layer, carbonized raw materials can enter the outer side of the heating layer through the upper discharge holes and enter the stirring box at the lower end through the discharging barrel;
C. the stirring blades of the crushed aggregates in the stirring box are driven by the rotation of the rotating main shaft to grind and stir the carbonized raw materials, meanwhile, the rear end of the stirring box is opened and can be used for inputting other compounds for fertilizers and purified water, a pasty object is formed under the stirring and mixing of the stirring blades of the crushed aggregates, a sealing plate at the upper end of the stirring blades of the crushed aggregates can rotate to the lower end of the blanking cylinder under the control of a servo motor, the lower end of the blanking cylinder can be blocked by the sealing plate, at the moment, a hydraulic column works, a pushing rod at the lower end of the sealing plate can push a pressing plate downwards, and then the whole pressing plate presses the pasty fertilizer mixture in the stirring box, so that the pasty fertilizer mixture can enter the discharging cylinder;
D. then under the continuous extrusion of the pressing plate, the pasty fertilizer mixture passes through the discharge plate at one side of the discharge cylinder, one transverse line of one end of the discharge plate is penetrated and provided with a plurality of through holes, the pasty fertilizer mixture is formed through the through holes, and the servo motor drives the parts inside the differential case to operate, the output shaft at the other end of the upper side of the differential case drives the rotating shaft and the rotating plate to rotate, wherein when the top moving block on the rotating plate rotates to the lower end of the connecting end plate, the integral connecting end plate drives the cutting plate at the upper end to move upwards, after the top moving block rotates to leave from the lower end of the connecting end plate, the integral connecting frame moves downwards under the action of the stretching elasticity of the second spring, and the integral connecting frame and the connecting end plate move downwards, the cutting plate moves vertically and reciprocally on the side end surface of the discharge plate, and the cutting plate can cut the pasty fertilizer mixture which flows out of the through holes on the discharge plate into particles;
E. when the top movable block on the rotating plate rotates to the protruding block at the lower end of the top movable circular plate, the top movable block upwards jacks up the top movable circular plate and the movable long column, so that the movable long column drives the movable annular plate to cause backlog to the first spring, and further the sealing circular plate is separated from the through hole between the connecting pipe and the hot air cylinder, at the moment, hot air blown out from the operation of the blowing fan in the heating layer enters the lower end particle drying and material forming mechanism through the intermittent air outlet mechanism and the connecting pipe, and the hot air can dry the pasty fertilizer mixture in the form of particles.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the blowing fan at the upper end is driven by the rotating main shaft to perform rotary motion, so that the blowing fan can blow air into the inner layer at the upper end, the weight of carbonized raw materials is reduced, the carbonized raw materials can gradually move upwards through blowing, and as the upper discharge holes are fixedly arranged at the two sides of the heating layer and the inner layer, carbonized raw materials can enter the outer side of the heating layer through the upper discharge holes and enter the stirring box at the lower end through the discharging barrel, the carbonized raw materials can automatically enter the stirring box for processing, wherein a blocking net is arranged between the intermittent air outlet mechanism and the feeding air outlet barrel, the blocking net can block the carbonized raw materials from entering the intermittent air outlet mechanism, only hot air in the carbonization furnace can enter the intermittent air outlet mechanism and the connecting pipe through the feeding air outlet barrel, and the raw materials required to be processed can be contained through the arrangement of the supporting net plate, so that the raw materials can be prevented from falling on the blowing fan, and meanwhile, the air of the blowing fan can be blown upwards into the heating layer;
the method comprises the steps that crushed aggregates stirring blades in a stirring box grind and stir carbonized raw materials under the rotation drive of a rotating main shaft, a hydraulic column runs after the grinding stirring is completed, a pushing rod at the lower end of the hydraulic column can push a pressing plate downwards, the whole pressing plate presses pasty fertilizer mixture in the stirring box, so that the pasty fertilizer mixture can enter a discharging cylinder, the pasty fertilizer mixture is formed through a through hole in the discharging plate, a servo motor drives a part in the differential box to run, an output shaft at the other end of the upper side of the differential box drives a rotating shaft and a rotating plate to rotate, a top moving block on the rotating plate rotates to the lower end of a connecting end plate, the whole connecting end plate drives a cutting plate at the upper end to move upwards, and after the top moving block rotates away from the lower end of the connecting end plate, the whole connecting frame moves downwards under the action of stretching elasticity of a second spring, the whole connecting frame and the connecting end plate move downwards, the whole connecting plate vertically reciprocates on the side end face of the discharging plate, and the cutting plate can cut the pasty fertilizer mixture discharged from the through hole in the discharging plate into particles;
when the top movable block on the rotating plate rotates to the protruding block at the lower end of the top movable circular plate, the top movable circular plate and the movable long column are lifted upwards by the top movable block, so that the movable long column drives the movable annular plate to cause backlog to the first spring, and further the sealing circular plate is separated from the through hole between the connecting pipe and the hot air cylinder, at the moment, hot air blown out of the heating layer by the operation of the blowing fan enters the lower end particle drying and material forming mechanism through the intermittent air outlet mechanism and the connecting pipe, and the hot air can dry the pasty fertilizer mixture in the form of particles;
through the setting of above make holistic granule dry feed mechanism dry when can cutting paste fertilizer mixture, this kind of timely drying treatment avoids too much moisture to lead to its very easy rotten that takes place, the rotatory activity through the rotation axis has driven activity long post reciprocal activity from top to bottom for the sealed plectane of upper end is in the connecting pipe activity from top to bottom, thereby make the through-hole between connecting pipe and the steam section of thick bamboo close or open in turn, make the inside hot-blast intermittent type of last discharge gate flow into granule dry feed mechanism, then intermittent type let in hot-blast drying avoid hot-blast thoroughly to dry it into the piece, thereby make granular fertilizer mixture remain some moisture, this makes it easy and soil mix when using.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the whole structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the interior of the overall mixing tank of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the interior of the integral feed gas outlet and agitator tank of the present invention from another perspective;
FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the interior of the particle drying and feeding mechanism and the intermittent air outlet mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the invention at A in FIG. 4;
fig. 6 is a schematic perspective view of the underside of the rotating plate of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a feed gas outlet; 2. a stirring tank; 3. a hydraulic column; 4. a connecting pipe; 5. an intermittent air outlet mechanism; 501. a hot air cylinder; 502. a movable ring plate; 503. a movable long column; 504. pushing the circular plate; 505. a first spring; 506. a sealing circular plate; 6. a particle drying and material-forming mechanism; 601. cutting the plate; 602. a rotation shaft; 603. a rotating plate; 604. connecting end plates; 605. a support connecting plate; 606. a second spring; 607. a connection frame; 608. side bars; 609. a mating block; 610. a curved panel; 611. a top moving block; 7. a differential gear case; 8. a servo motor; 9. a carbonization furnace; 901. an outer furnace cylinder; 902. a heating layer; 903. a built-in layer; 904. an upper discharge port; 905. a support screen; 906. a blowing fan; 10. a blanking cylinder; 11. rotating the main shaft; 12. crushing and stirring the leaves; 13. a sealing plate; 14. a pressing plate; 15. a discharging cylinder; 16. and a discharging plate.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, an embodiment of the present invention provides: in the preparation device of the biochar-based fertilizer for soil conditioning, a stirring tank 2 is connected and arranged at the lower end of a carbonization furnace 9, the carbonization furnace 9 comprises a furnace outer cylinder 901, a built-in layer 903 is arranged in the furnace outer cylinder 901, a heating layer 902 is arranged on the outer surface of the built-in layer 903, upper discharge holes 904 penetrate through the two sides of the upper ends of the heating layer 902 and the built-in layer 903, a supporting screen 905 is arranged at the bottom end of the inner side of the heating layer 902, a blanking cylinder 10 is arranged on the two sides of the inner side of the stirring tank 2, the upper end of the blanking cylinder 10 is connected with the two sides of the bottom end of the furnace outer cylinder 901 in a penetrating manner, a blowing fan 906 is movably arranged below the supporting screen 905, and a pressing plate 14 is movably arranged at the upper end of the inner side of the stirring tank 2;
the upper end of the carbonization furnace 9 is provided with a feeding air outlet cylinder 1, one end of a stirring box 2 is welded with a discharging cylinder 15, one side of the discharging cylinder 15 is provided with a particle drying and forming mechanism 6, one side end of the feeding air outlet cylinder 1 is welded with a connecting pipe 4, an intermittent air outlet mechanism 5 is fixedly arranged between the connecting pipe 4 and the particle drying and forming mechanism 6, one end surface of the discharging cylinder 15 is welded with a discharging plate 16, wherein a curved plate 610 and a rotating shaft 602 component are arranged in the particle drying and forming mechanism 6, the curved plate 610 is matched and movably arranged on one side end surface of the discharging plate 16, the upper end of the rotating shaft 602 is fixedly provided with a rotating plate 603, and one side of the upper end of the rotating plate 603 is welded with a top moving block 611;
the intermittent air outlet mechanism 5 is provided with a top movable circular plate 504 and a hot air cylinder 501, the lower end of the top movable circular plate 504 is welded with a protruding block, a rotating shaft 602 and a rotating plate 603 are both rotatably positioned on the lower sides of a curved plate 610 and the top movable circular plate 504, a rotating main shaft 11 is arranged in the middle of the stirring box 2, the upper end of the rotating main shaft 11 is fixedly connected with a blowing fan 906, four crushed aggregates stirring blades 12 are fixedly arranged on the periphery of the lower end of the rotating main shaft 11, the lower end of the rotating main shaft 11 is connected with a differential gear box 7 through a rotating shaft, and the lower end of the differential gear box 7 is provided with a servo motor 8;
the rotating main shaft 11 drives the upper blowing fan 906 to perform rotating movement, so that the blowing fan 906 can blow air to the inside of the upper built-in layer 903, the weight of carbonized raw materials is reduced, the carbonized raw materials can gradually move upwards through blowing, and as the upper discharging holes 904 are fixedly formed in the two sides of the heating layer 902 and the built-in layer 903, carbonized raw materials can enter the outer side of the heating layer 902 through the upper discharging holes 904 and enter the lower stirring box 2 through the discharging barrel 10, the carbonized raw materials can automatically enter the stirring box 2 for processing, a blocking net is arranged between the intermittent air outlet mechanism 5 and the feeding air outlet barrel 1, the blocking net can block the carbonized raw materials from entering the intermittent air outlet mechanism 5, and further, only hot air in the carbonization furnace 9 can enter the intermittent air outlet mechanism 5 and the connecting pipe 4 through the feeding air outlet barrel 1, and the raw materials needing to be processed can be contained through the arrangement of the supporting net plate 905, so that the raw materials are prevented from falling on the blowing fan 906, and meanwhile, the wind of the blowing fan 906 can upwards blow the inside of the heating layer 902;
wherein, two relative crushed aggregates stirring leaf 12 upper ends all weld has closing plate 13, closing plate 13 cooperation is located the bottom of feed cylinder 10 down, the centre department welding of top movable round plate 504 upper end has movable long post 503, the surface welding all around of movable long post 503 downside has movable annular plate 502, the welding all around of movable annular plate 502 up end has first spring 505, the upper end welding of movable long post 503 has sealed round plate 506, the upper segment activity of movable long post 503 is located first spring 505, movable annular plate 502 activity is located hot air cylinder 501, the upper end of hot air cylinder 501 runs through and is provided with sealed through-hole, sealed round plate 506 cooperation is located sealed through-hole.
The connecting end plates 604 are welded at two side ends of the curved plate 610, a plurality of cutting plates 601 are arranged at the upper ends between the two connecting end plates 604, the outer side ends of the two connecting end plates 604 are welded with the matching blocks 609, movable grooves are vertically formed in the inner sides of the matching blocks 609, a connecting frame 607 is welded on one side end surface between the two connecting end plates 604, side bars 608 are fixedly arranged at two sides of the connecting frame 607, the side bars 608 are vertically inserted into the movable grooves on the matching blocks 609, the side bars 608 can be vertically and movably matched with the movable grooves in the inner sides of the matching blocks 609 through vertically welding the side bars 608 on the outer sides of the connecting frame 607, the overall stability of the vertical movement of the connecting frame 607 and the connecting end plates 604 can be greatly improved, and the matching movement between the curved plate 610 and the top movable block 611 is improved through the cambered surface structure of the curved plate 610;
the connection end plate 604 and the cutting plate 601 can be connected in an inserting way, after the cutting plate 601 which is in fit with the discharging plate 16 is damaged, other cutting plates 601 can be replaced, a plurality of extrusion holes are transversely formed in the end face of one side of the discharging plate 16 in a penetrating way, the upper end and the lower end of the cutting plate 601 are both provided with blade structures, two opposite angles of the upper end of the pressing plate 14 are both connected with the hydraulic column 3, the hydraulic column 3 is positioned at the upper end of the stirring box 2, the structure can be used for rapidly cutting pasty fertilizer mixtures, a supporting circular plate is welded in the middle of the upper end of the connection frame 607, a second spring 606 is connected with the upper end of the supporting circular plate, a supporting connecting plate 605 is connected with the discharging cylinder 15 in a welding way, the curved plate 610 is provided with an arc-shaped plate surface structure, and bumps at the lower ends of the pressing block 611 and the pressing circular plate 504 are provided with arc-shaped protruding structures;
the crushed aggregates stirring blades 12 in the stirring tank 2 grind and stir the carbonized raw materials under the rotation of the rotating main shaft 11, meanwhile, the rear end of the stirring tank 2 is opened and other fertilizer compounds and purified water can be put into the stirring tank, a paste object is formed under the stirring and mixing of the crushed aggregates stirring blades 12, a sealing plate 13 at the upper end of the crushed aggregates stirring blades 12 can rotate to the lower end of the blanking cylinder 10 under the control of a servo motor 8, the sealing plate 13 can block the lower end of the blanking cylinder 10, at the moment, a hydraulic column 3 operates, a pushing rod at the lower end can push a pressing plate 14 downwards, the whole pressing plate 14 presses the paste fertilizer mixture in the stirring tank 2, the paste fertilizer mixture can enter a discharging cylinder 15, then the paste fertilizer mixture passes through a discharging plate 16 at one side of the discharging cylinder 15 under the continuous extrusion of the pressing plate 14, and one end transverse line of the discharging plate 16 is provided with a plurality of through holes, so that the pasty fertilizer mixture is formed through the through holes, and the servo motor 8 drives the components in the differential case 7 to operate, then the output shaft at the other end of the upper side of the differential case 7 drives the rotating shaft 602 and the rotating plate 603 to rotate, wherein when the top moving block 611 on the rotating plate 603 rotates to the lower end of the connecting end plate 604, the cutting plate 601 at the upper end of the integral connecting end plate 604 moves upwards, after the top moving block 611 rotates away from the lower end of the connecting end plate 604, the integral connecting frame 607 moves downwards under the action of the stretching elasticity of the second spring 606, and the integral connecting frame 607 and the connecting end plate 604 move downwards, the arrangement is that the cutting plate 601 vertically reciprocates on the side end face of the discharging plate 16, so that the cutting plate 601 can cut the pasty fertilizer mixture extruded from the through holes on the discharging plate 16, and cutting it into granules;
when the top movable block 611 on the rotating plate 603 rotates to the protruding block at the lower end of the top movable circular plate 504, the top movable block 611 pushes the top movable circular plate 504 and the movable long column 503 upwards, so that the movable long column 503 drives the movable annular plate 502 to cause backlog to the first spring 505, and further, the sealing circular plate 506 is separated from the through hole between the connecting pipe 4 and the hot air cylinder 501, at this time, hot air blown out by the operation of the air blowing fan 906 in the heating layer 902 enters into the lower end particle drying forming mechanism 6 through the intermittent air outlet mechanism 5 and the connecting pipe 4, the hot air can dry the granular pasty fertilizer mixture, the hot air blown out by the operation of the air blowing fan 906 in the heating layer 902 enters into the lower end particle drying forming mechanism 6 through the intermittent air outlet mechanism 5 and the connecting pipe 4, the hot air can dry the granular pasty fertilizer mixture, and simultaneously save the use of components by the heat in the inner part of the movable annular plate 9, the above arrangement makes the whole particle drying forming mechanism 6 dry the fertilizer mixture cut, the drying treatment is easy to open in time, the hot air is easy to cause the intermittent air to flow into the upper end of the rotating plate 6 through the intermittent air outlet mechanism 5 and the connecting pipe 4, the intermittent air is prevented from flowing into the upper end of the intermittent air drying mechanism 4, the intermittent air is prevented from flowing into the intermittent air inlet hole of the intermittent air drying mechanism 4, the intermittent drying is prevented from being cut down by the upper end of the dry material, the dry material is easy to be cut, and the dry is easy to be cut by the output by the energy source, and the dry material is cut by the energy. This makes it easy to mix with the soil at the time of use.
The preparation method of the preparation device of the biochar-based fertilizer for soil conditioning comprises the following steps:
A. by opening an end cover at the upper end of the feeding air outlet 1, putting straws, wood blocks or fruit shells and the like to be carbonized into the built-in layer 903, heating the inside of the built-in layer 903 by the heating layer 902 and gradually carbonizing the raw materials, wherein the carbonized raw materials lose the whole weight due to water loss, and at the moment, the servo motor 8 at the lower end is opened, so that a rotating shaft on the servo motor 8 drives a part in the differential gear box 7 and the rotating main shaft 11 to perform rotating movement;
B. then, the rotating main shaft 11 drives the upper blowing fan 906 to perform rotating movement, so that the blowing fan 906 can blow air to the inside of the upper built-in layer 903, the weight of the carbonized raw material is reduced, the carbonized raw material can gradually move upwards through blowing, and as the upper discharging holes 904 are fixedly arranged on two sides of the heating layer 902 and the built-in layer 903, the carbonized raw material can enter the outer side of the heating layer 902 through the upper discharging holes 904 and enter the stirring tank 2 at the lower end through the discharging barrel 10;
C. the crushed aggregates stirring blades 12 in the stirring box 2 grind and stir the carbonized raw materials under the rotation of the rotary main shaft 11, meanwhile, the rear end of the stirring box 2 is opened and other fertilizer compounds and purified water can be put into the stirring and mixing of the crushed aggregates stirring blades 12 to form a pasty object, the sealing plate 13 at the upper end of the crushed aggregates stirring blades 12 can rotate to the lower end of the blanking cylinder 10 under the control of the servo motor 8, so that the sealing plate 13 can block the lower end of the blanking cylinder 10, at the moment, the hydraulic column 3 operates, the pushing rod at the lower end can push the pressing plate 14 downwards, and then the whole pressing plate 14 presses the pasty fertilizer mixture in the stirring box 2, so that the pasty fertilizer mixture can enter the discharging cylinder 15;
D. then under the continuous extrusion of the pressing plate 14, the pasty fertilizer mixture passes through the discharging plate 16 at one side of the discharging cylinder 15, and one end transverse line of the discharging plate 16 is penetrated and provided with a plurality of through holes, so that the pasty fertilizer mixture is formed through the through holes, and the servo motor 8 drives the parts inside the differential case 7 to operate, so that the output shaft at the other end of the upper side of the differential case 7 drives the rotating shaft 602 and the rotating plate 603 to rotate, wherein when the top movable block 611 on the rotating plate 603 rotates to the lower end of the connecting end plate 604, the integral connecting end plate 604 drives the cutting plate 601 at the upper end to move upwards, and after the top movable block 611 rotates to leave from the lower end of the connecting end plate 604, the integral connecting frame 607 moves downwards under the action of the stretching elasticity of the second spring 606, and the integral connecting frame 607 and the connecting end plate 604 move downwards, and the cutting plate 601 moves vertically and reciprocally on the side end surface of the discharging plate 16, so that the cutting plate 601 can cut the pasty fertilizer mixture emerging from the through holes on the discharging plate 16 into particles;
E. when the top moving block 611 on the rotating plate 603 rotates to the protruding block at the lower end of the top moving circular plate 504, the top moving block 611 pushes the top moving circular plate 504 and the movable long column 503 upwards, so that the movable long column 503 drives the movable annular plate 502 to cause backlog to the first spring 505, and further the sealing circular plate 506 is separated from the through hole between the connecting pipe 4 and the hot air cylinder 501, at this time, hot air blown out by the operation of the blowing fan 906 in the heating layer 902 enters the lower end granule drying and forming mechanism 6 through the intermittent air outlet mechanism 5 and the connecting pipe 4, and the hot air can dry the granular pasty fertilizer mixture.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a soil conditioning is with preparation facilities of biochar-based fertilizer, includes retort (9), its characterized in that: the carbonization device is characterized in that a stirring tank (2) is connected and arranged at the lower end of the carbonization furnace (9), the carbonization furnace (9) comprises a furnace outer barrel (901), a built-in layer (903) is arranged in the furnace outer barrel (901), a heating layer (902) is arranged on the outer surface of the built-in layer (903), an upper discharge hole (904) is formed in the two sides of the upper ends of the heating layer (902) and the built-in layer (903) in a penetrating manner, a supporting screen plate (905) is arranged at the bottom end of the inner side of the heating layer (902), a discharging barrel (10) is arranged on the two sides of the inner side of the stirring tank (2), the upper end of the discharging barrel (10) is connected with the two sides of the bottom end of the furnace outer barrel (901) in a penetrating manner, a blowing fan (906) is movably arranged below the supporting screen plate (905), and a pressing plate (14) is movably arranged at the upper end of the inner side of the stirring tank (2).
The upper end of the carbonization furnace (9) is provided with a feeding air outlet cylinder (1), one end of the stirring box (2) is welded with a discharging cylinder (15), one side of the discharging cylinder (15) is provided with a particle drying and forming mechanism (6), one side end of the feeding air outlet cylinder (1) is welded with a connecting pipe (4), an intermittent air outlet mechanism (5) is fixedly arranged between the connecting pipe (4) and the particle drying and forming mechanism (6), and one end surface of the discharging cylinder (15) is welded with a discharging plate (16);
the particle drying and feeding mechanism (6) comprises a curved plate (610) and a rotating shaft (602), the curved plate (610) is matched with the end face of one side of a discharging plate (16), a rotating plate (603) is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the rotating shaft (602), a top movable block (611) is welded at one side of the upper end of the rotating plate (603), the intermittent air outlet mechanism (5) comprises a top movable circular plate (504) and a hot air cylinder (501), a protruding block is welded at the lower end of the top movable circular plate (504), and the rotating shaft (602) and the rotating plate (603) are both rotatably arranged at the lower sides of the curved plate (610) and the top movable circular plate (504).
2. The apparatus for producing a biochar-based fertilizer for soil conditioning according to claim 1, wherein: the stirring box is characterized in that a rotating main shaft (11) is arranged in the middle of the stirring box (2), the upper end of the rotating main shaft (11) is fixedly connected with a blowing fan (906), four crushed aggregates stirring blades (12) are fixedly arranged around the lower end of the rotating main shaft (11), the lower end of the rotating main shaft (11) is connected with a differential gear box (7) through a rotating shaft, and a servo motor (8) is arranged at the lower end of the differential gear box (7).
3. The apparatus for producing a biochar-based fertilizer for soil conditioning according to claim 2, wherein: wherein the upper ends of two opposite crushed aggregates stirring blades (12) are welded with sealing plates (13), and the sealing plates (13) are matched and positioned at the bottom end of the blanking barrel (10).
4. The apparatus for producing a biochar-based fertilizer for soil conditioning according to claim 1, wherein: the middle of the upper end of the top movable circular plate (504) is welded with a movable long column (503), the periphery surface of the lower side of the movable long column (503) is welded with a movable annular plate (502), the periphery of the upper end face of the movable annular plate (502) is welded with a first spring (505), and the upper end of the movable long column (503) is welded with a sealing circular plate (506).
5. The apparatus for preparing a biochar-based fertilizer for soil conditioning according to claim 4, wherein: the upper section of the movable long column (503) is movably positioned in the first spring (505), the movable annular plate (502) is movably positioned in the hot air cylinder (501), the upper end of the hot air cylinder (501) is provided with a sealing through hole in a penetrating way, and the sealing circular plate (506) is matched and positioned in the sealing through hole.
6. The apparatus for producing a biochar-based fertilizer for soil conditioning according to claim 1, wherein: the utility model discloses a curved plate (610) is characterized by comprising a curved plate (610), connecting end plates (604) are welded at both sides of the curved plate (610), two upper ends between the connecting end plates (604) are arranged and are provided with a plurality of cutting boards (601), two the outer ends of the connecting end plates (604) are welded with a matching block (609), the inner side of the matching block (609) is vertically provided with a movable groove, two connecting frames (607) are welded on one side end face between the connecting end plates (604), side bars (608) are fixedly arranged at both sides of the connecting frames (607), and the vertical cartridge of the side bars (608) is located the movable groove on the matching block (609).
7. The apparatus for preparing a biochar-based fertilizer for soil conditioning according to claim 6, wherein: the utility model discloses a stirring tank, including cutting board (601), cutting board (14), discharge plate (16), cutting board (601), hydraulic pressure post (3), cutting board (601), connecting and setting up a plurality of extrusion holes on the terminal surface of one side of transversely running through, the upper and lower both ends of cutting board (16) all set up to the cutting edge structure, two diagonal angles departments of pressing board (14) upper end all connect and are provided with hydraulic pressure post (3), and hydraulic pressure post (3) are located the upper end of stirring tank (2).
8. The apparatus for producing a biochar-based fertilizer for soil conditioning according to claim 1, wherein: the middle part welding of connecting frame (607) upper end has the support plectane, the upper end connection of support plectane is provided with second spring (606), the upper end of second spring (606) is connected with branch even board (605), welded connection between branch even board (605) and the ejection of compact section of thick bamboo (15).
9. The apparatus for producing a biochar-based fertilizer for soil conditioning according to claim 1, wherein: the curved plate (610) is of an arc-shaped plate surface structure, and the protruding blocks at the lower ends of the top moving block (611) and the top moving circular plate (504) are of arc-shaped protruding structures.
10. The production method of a production apparatus for a biochar-based fertilizer for soil conditioning according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(A) The end cover at the upper end of the feeding air outlet cylinder (1) is opened, straws, wood blocks or fruit shells and the like to be carbonized are put into the inner layer (903), at the moment, the heating layer (902) heats the inner part of the inner layer (903) and gradually carbonizes the raw materials, the carbonized raw materials lose moisture, the whole weight of the carbonized raw materials is reduced, at the moment, the servo motor (8) at the lower end is opened, and a rotating shaft on the servo motor (8) drives a part in the differential gear box (7) and the rotating main shaft (11) to rotate;
(B) Then, the rotating main shaft (11) drives the upper blowing fan (906) to rotate, so that the blowing fan (906) can blow air to the inside of the upper built-in layer (903), the weight of carbonized raw materials is reduced, the carbonized raw materials can gradually move upwards through blowing, and as the upper discharging holes (904) are fixedly arranged on the two sides of the heating layer (902) and the built-in layer (903), carbonized raw materials can enter the outer side of the heating layer (902) through the upper discharging holes (904) and enter the stirring box (2) at the lower end through the discharging barrel (10);
(C) The crushed aggregates stirring blades (12) in the stirring box (2) grind and stir the carbonized raw materials under the rotation drive of the rotary main shaft (11), meanwhile, the rear end of the stirring box (2) is opened and can be used for throwing other compounds for fertilizer and purified water, a pasty object is formed under the stirring and mixing of the crushed aggregates stirring blades (12), a sealing plate (13) at the upper end of the crushed aggregates stirring blades (12) can rotate to the lower end of the blanking cylinder (10) under the control of the servo motor (8), the sealing plate (13) can be used for blocking the lower end of the blanking cylinder (10), at the moment, the hydraulic column (3) operates, the pushing rod at the lower end of the sealing plate can be used for pushing the pressing plate (14) downwards, and the whole pressing plate (14) can be used for pressing the pasty fertilizer mixture in the stirring box (2) so that the pasty fertilizer mixture can enter the discharging cylinder (15);
(D) Then under the continuous extrusion of the pressing plate (14), the pasty fertilizer mixture passes through the discharging plate (16) at one side of the discharging cylinder (15), and one end transverse line of the discharging plate (16) is penetrated and provided with a plurality of through holes, the pasty fertilizer mixture is formed through the through holes, the servo motor (8) drives the parts inside the differential gear box (7) to operate, the output shaft at the other end of the upper side of the differential gear box (7) drives the rotating shaft (602) and the rotating plate (603) to perform rotary motion, when the top moving block (611) on the rotating plate (603) rotates to the lower end of the connecting end plate (604), the integral connecting end plate (604) drives the cutting plate (601) at the upper end to move upwards, and after the top moving block (611) rotates to leave from the lower end of the connecting end plate (604), the integral connecting frame (607) moves downwards under the action of the stretching elasticity of the second spring (606), and enables the integral connecting frame (607) and the connecting end plate (604) to move downwards, the output shaft drives the rotating shaft (602) and the rotating plate (603) to move, when the top moving block (611) on the side end face of the discharging plate (16) to reciprocate, the cutting plate (601) to cut the pasty fertilizer mixture;
(E) When the top movable block (611) on the rotating plate (603) rotates to the protruding block at the lower end of the top movable circular plate (504), the top movable block (611) pushes the top movable circular plate (504) and the movable long column (503) upwards, so that the movable long column (503) drives the movable circular plate (502) to cause backlog to the first spring (505), and then the sealing circular plate (506) is separated from the through hole between the connecting pipe (4) and the hot air cylinder (501), at the moment, hot air blown out from the heating layer (902) by the operation of the blowing fan (906) enters the lower end particle drying and forming mechanism (6) through the intermittent air outlet mechanism (5) and the connecting pipe (4), and the hot air can dry the granular pasty fertilizer mixture.
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| JP2000072580A (en) * | 1998-08-31 | 2000-03-07 | Masanami Tekko:Kk | Granular activated sludge fertilizer and active carbon obtained from the same |
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