CN116554618B - 一种玻纤增强pvc管材及其生产工艺 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种玻纤增强PVC管材及其生产工艺,属于PVC管材生产技术领域,包括如下重量份原料:PVC树脂30‑35份、氯化聚乙烯15‑20份、氯丁橡胶10‑15份、硬脂酸0.3‑3份、石蜡1.5‑3份、钙‑锌热稳定剂6‑8份、改性玻璃纤维2‑3份,活性炭2‑3份、钛白粉3‑5份、次磷酸铝0.3‑1.5份、邻苯二甲酸二辛酯0.6‑1份;将聚多巴胺包覆到玻璃纤维表面后,与2,3‑环氧乙烷二甲烷硫醇发生取代反应制得改性玻璃纤维。本发明通过对玻璃纤维改性,增强了改性玻璃纤维与PVC管材基体间的界面相容性、界面结合力,使玻璃纤维可以更好地对PVC管材进行增强改性。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于PVC管材生产技术领域,具体涉及一种玻纤增强PVC管材及其生产工艺。
背景技术
PVC(聚氯乙烯)是一种非结晶性多组分塑料,具有不易燃性、高强度、耐热、耐腐蚀等性能,主要用于输送液体、腐蚀性介质以及用作电缆护套管。
玻璃纤维作为PVC管材的重要增强材料,具有低密度、低成本、高抗拉强度、优异的耐腐蚀性和绝缘性等优点,但由于无机材料玻璃纤维表面十分光滑且极性高,与PVC基体间的界面相容性较差,界面结合力较小,导致PVC管材的整体力学性能不高,严重阻碍了它的实际应用。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种玻纤增强PVC管材及其生产工艺,以解决以下技术问题:提高玻璃纤维与PVC基体间的界面相容性、界面结合力,提高玻纤增强PVC管材的整体力学性能。
本发明的目的可以通过以下技术方案实现:
一种玻纤增强PVC管材,包括如下重量份原料:PVC树脂30-35份、氯化聚乙烯15-20份、氯丁橡胶10-15份、硬脂酸0.3-3份、石蜡1.5-3份、钙-锌热稳定剂6-8份、改性玻璃纤维2-3份,活性炭2-3份、钛白粉3-5份、阻燃剂次磷酸铝0.3-1.5份、增塑剂邻苯二甲酸二辛酯0.6-1份;
所述改性玻璃纤维包括如下步骤制备:
步骤一、将玻璃纤维放入马弗炉中于600℃下保温1-1.5h后,去离子水洗涤,60℃干燥,除去表面浸润剂,得退浆玻璃纤维;
步骤二、将退浆玻璃纤维加入pH为8.8的Tris-HCl缓冲液中,超声分散20-30min,搅拌加入多巴胺溶液,继续搅拌24-30h进行包覆反应后,过滤,去离子水洗涤,90-95℃真空干燥,得聚多巴胺包覆玻璃纤维;
步骤三、向聚多巴胺包覆玻璃纤维中加入2,3-环氧乙烷二甲烷硫醇,搅拌加入催化剂苄基三乙基氯化铵,升温至50-55℃后,滴加质量分数为25-28%的NaOH溶液调节pH至8-11,滴加结束后维持温度不超过60℃并保温4-6h,得改性玻璃纤维。
作为本发明的进一步方案,所述退浆玻璃纤维、Tris-HCl缓冲液、多巴胺溶液的用量比为20-30g:80-100mL:50-60mL。
作为本发明的进一步方案,所述多巴胺溶液的浓度为0.5-2.0mg/mL。
作为本发明的进一步方案,所述聚多巴胺包覆玻璃纤维、2,3-环氧乙烷二甲烷硫醇、苄基三乙基氯化铵的用量比为100g:300-360g:0.03-0.05g。
作为本发明的进一步方案,所述一种玻纤增强PVC管材的生产工艺,包括如下步骤:
步骤一、按配方称取原料,将PVC树脂、氯化聚乙烯、氯丁橡胶、硬脂酸、石蜡、钙-锌热稳定剂、改性玻璃纤维,活性炭、钛白粉、阻燃剂次磷酸铝、增塑剂邻苯二甲酸二辛酯加入高速搅拌机内进行搅拌升温至110-130℃时停止搅拌,得预混料;
步骤二、将预混料输送至冷混机中搅拌降温至35-50℃时出料并输送至双螺杆挤出机挤出成型,得一种玻纤增强PVC管材。
作为本发明的进一步方案,所述双螺杆挤出机的加工温度为160-190℃。
本发明的有益效果:
本发明首先利用现有技术中基于贻贝黏附仿生原理,多巴胺在弱碱环境中通过氧化/自聚的方式生成聚多巴胺,可黏附到许多材料表面上的原理,在pH为8.8的Tris-HCl缓冲液的弱碱环境中的将聚多巴胺包覆到玻璃纤维表面,得到聚多巴胺包覆玻璃纤维,引入了酚羟基官能团,并提高了玻璃纤维表面的粗糙度。在此基础上以苄基三乙基氯化铵为催化剂,催化2,3-环氧乙烷二甲烷硫醇的环氧基团打开与聚多巴胺包覆玻璃纤维表面的聚多巴胺的酚羟基中的氢原子发生取代反应,从而得到改性玻璃纤维,此步骤在改性玻璃纤维表面引入了2,3-环氧乙烷二甲烷硫醇的硫醇基。
本发明通过PVC树脂与改性玻璃纤维共混挤出制得一种玻纤增强PVC管材,通过改性玻璃纤维表面的硫醇基与PVC树脂的氯原子发生取代反应,从而将改性玻璃纤维与PVC树脂发生化学交联,增强了改性玻璃纤维与PVC管材基体间的界面相容性、界面结合力,使玻璃纤维可以更好地对PVC管材进行增强改性,两者之间形成稳定的化学交联网络,显著提高了PVC管材热分解温度,表现出更高的热稳定性,同时改性玻璃纤维均匀地分散在PVC管材基体中,形成连续稳定的绝缘和导热网络,有效提高了PVC管材的绝缘性和导热耐热性。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
一种改性玻璃纤维包括如下步骤制备:
步骤一、将玻璃纤维放入马弗炉中于600℃下保温1h后,去离子水洗涤,60℃干燥,除去表面浸润剂,得退浆玻璃纤维;
步骤二、将20g退浆玻璃纤维加入800mL pH为8.8的Tris-HCl缓冲液中,超声分散20min,搅拌加入50mL浓度为0.5mg/mL的多巴胺溶液,继续搅拌24h进行包覆反应后,过滤,去离子水洗涤,90℃真空干燥,得聚多巴胺包覆玻璃纤维;
步骤三、向100g聚多巴胺包覆玻璃纤维中加入300g2,3-环氧乙烷二甲烷硫醇,搅拌加入0.03g催化剂苄基三乙基氯化铵,升温至50℃后,滴加质量分数为25%的NaOH溶液调节pH至8,滴加结束后维持温度不超过60℃并保温4h,得改性玻璃纤维。
对比例1
一种改性玻璃纤维包括如下步骤制备:
本对比例与实施例1相比,仅省略步骤三,其余步骤与参数均相同。
实施例2
一种改性玻璃纤维包括如下步骤制备:
步骤一、将玻璃纤维放入马弗炉中于600℃下保温1.5h后,去离子水洗涤,60℃干燥,除去表面浸润剂,得退浆玻璃纤维;
步骤二、将30g退浆玻璃纤维加入100mL pH为8.8的Tris-HCl缓冲液中,超声分散30min,搅拌加入60mL浓度为2.0mg/mL的多巴胺溶液,继续搅拌30h进行包覆反应后,过滤,去离子水洗涤,95℃真空干燥,得聚多巴胺包覆玻璃纤维;
步骤三、向100g聚多巴胺包覆玻璃纤维中加入360g2,3-环氧乙烷二甲烷硫醇,搅拌加入0.05g催化剂苄基三乙基氯化铵,升温至55℃后,滴加质量分数为28%的NaOH溶液调节pH至11,滴加结束后维持温度不超过60℃并保温6h,得改性玻璃纤维。
实施例3
一种玻纤增强PVC管材的生产工艺,包括如下步骤:
步骤一、按配方称取原料,将30gPVC树脂、15g氯化聚乙烯、10g氯丁橡胶、0.3g硬脂酸、1.5g石蜡、6g钙-锌热稳定剂、2g实施例1制得的改性玻璃纤维,2g活性炭、3g钛白粉、0.3g阻燃剂次磷酸铝、0.6g增塑剂邻苯二甲酸二辛酯加入高速搅拌机内进行搅拌升温至110℃时停止搅拌,得预混料;
步骤二、将预混料输送至冷混机中搅拌降温至35℃时出料并输送至双螺杆挤出机挤出成型,双螺杆挤出机的加工温度为160℃,得一种玻纤增强PVC管材。
实施例4
一种玻纤增强PVC管材的生产工艺,包括如下步骤:
步骤一、按配方称取原料,将35gPVC树脂、20g氯化聚乙烯、15g氯丁橡胶、3g硬脂酸、3g石蜡、8g钙-锌热稳定剂、3g实施例2制得的改性玻璃纤维,3g活性炭、5g钛白粉、1.5g阻燃剂次磷酸铝、1g增塑剂邻苯二甲酸二辛酯加入高速搅拌机内进行搅拌升温至130℃时停止搅拌,得预混料;
步骤二、将预混料输送至冷混机中搅拌降温至50℃时出料并输送至双螺杆挤出机挤出成型,双螺杆挤出机的加工温度为190℃,得一种玻纤增强PVC管材。
对比例2
一种玻纤增强PVC管材的生产工艺,包括如下步骤:
本对比例与实施例2相比,仅将“2g实施例1制得的改性玻璃纤维”替换为“2g对比例1制得的改性玻璃纤维”,其余步骤与参数均相同。
对实施例3-4和对比例2制得的一种玻纤增强PVC管材进行如下性能测试:
(1)根据GB/T 1040-79测试拉伸强度及断裂伸长率;
(2)根据ASTME1461-2011测试导热系数;
测试结果如表1所示:
表1
项目 | 拉伸强度/MPa | 断裂伸长率% | 导热系数/(W/m·K) |
实施例3 | 70.6 | 54.6 | 1.102 |
实施例4 | 72.1 | 53.8 | 1.095 |
对比例2 | 51.4 | 42.7 | 0.786 |
由表1可以看出,实施例3-4制得的一种玻纤增强PVC管材相对于对比例2制得的一种玻纤增强PVC管材具有更强的力学性能和导热系数,可见实施例3-4中改性玻璃纤维可以更好地对PVC管材进行增强改性。
需要说明的是,在本文中,诸如第一和第二等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来,而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且,术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含,从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素,而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素,或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例,对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型,本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。
Claims (6)
1.一种玻纤增强PVC管材,其特征在于,包括如下重量份原料:PVC树脂30-35份、氯化聚乙烯15-20份、氯丁橡胶10-15份、硬脂酸0.3-3份、石蜡1.5-3份、钙-锌热稳定剂6-8份、改性玻璃纤维2-3份,活性炭2-3份、钛白粉3-5份、次磷酸铝0.3-1.5份、邻苯二甲酸二辛酯0.6-1份;
所述改性玻璃纤维包括如下步骤制备:
步骤一、将玻璃纤维放入马弗炉中于600℃下保温1-1.5h后,去离子水洗涤,60℃干燥,得退浆玻璃纤维;
步骤二、将退浆玻璃纤维加入pH为8.8的Tris-HCl缓冲液中,超声分散20-30min,搅拌加入多巴胺溶液,继续搅拌24-30h后,过滤,去离子水洗涤,90-95℃真空干燥,得聚多巴胺包覆玻璃纤维;
步骤三、向聚多巴胺包覆玻璃纤维中加入2,3-环氧乙烷二甲烷硫醇,搅拌加入苄基三乙基氯化铵,升温至50-55℃后,滴加质量分数为25-28%的NaOH溶液调节pH至8-11,滴加结束后维持温度不超过60℃并保温4-6h,得改性玻璃纤维。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种玻纤增强PVC管材,其特征在于,所述退浆玻璃纤维、Tris-HCl缓冲液、多巴胺溶液的用量比为20-30g:80-100mL:50-60mL。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种玻纤增强PVC管材,其特征在于,所述多巴胺溶液的浓度为0.5-2.0mg/mL。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种玻纤增强PVC管材,其特征在于,所述聚多巴胺包覆玻璃纤维、2,3-环氧乙烷二甲烷硫醇、苄基三乙基氯化铵的用量比为100g:300-360g:0.03-0.05g。
5.根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的一种玻纤增强PVC管材的生产工艺,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
步骤一、按配方称取原料,将PVC树脂、氯化聚乙烯、氯丁橡胶、硬脂酸、石蜡、钙-锌热稳定剂、改性玻璃纤维,活性炭、钛白粉、次磷酸铝、邻苯二甲酸二辛酯加入高速搅拌机内进行搅拌升温至110-130℃时停止搅拌,得预混料;
步骤二、将预混料输送至冷混机中搅拌降温至35-50℃时出料并输送至双螺杆挤出机挤出成型,得一种玻纤增强PVC管材。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种玻纤增强PVC管材的生产工艺,其特征在于,所述双螺杆挤出机的加工温度为160-190℃。
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