CN116508763A - Prevention and control method for preventing and controlling potato epidemic disease by mixed composition - Google Patents
Prevention and control method for preventing and controlling potato epidemic disease by mixed composition Download PDFInfo
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- CN116508763A CN116508763A CN202211230501.XA CN202211230501A CN116508763A CN 116508763 A CN116508763 A CN 116508763A CN 202211230501 A CN202211230501 A CN 202211230501A CN 116508763 A CN116508763 A CN 116508763A
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- CN
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- Prior art keywords
- flumorph
- fluopicolide
- agent
- control method
- mixed composition
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- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 title description 18
- BKBSMMUEEAWFRX-NBVRZTHBSA-N (E)-flumorph Chemical compound C1=C(OC)C(OC)=CC=C1C(\C=1C=CC(F)=CC=1)=C\C(=O)N1CCOCC1 BKBSMMUEEAWFRX-NBVRZTHBSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 239000005782 Fluopicolide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
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- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003899 bactericide agent Substances 0.000 description 3
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- DMAXMXPDVWTIRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-phenylethyl)phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1CCC1=CC=CC=C1 DMAXMXPDVWTIRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 240000008067 Cucumis sativus Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000010799 Cucumis sativus var sativus Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010059866 Drug resistance Diseases 0.000 description 2
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- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium benzoate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
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- GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom six-membered rings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing solids as carriers or diluents
- A01N25/10—Macromolecular compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids
- A01N37/38—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids having at least one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to an aromatic ring system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
- A01P3/00—Fungicides
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of pesticide application, in particular to a control method for controlling potato epidemic disease by using a mixed composition, wherein the effective active ingredients of the mixed composition are flumorph and fluopicolide, the weight ratio of flumorph to fluopicolide is 3:1-1:3, and a special auxiliary agent and an auxiliary agent are added into the mixed composition to prepare a suspending agent. The invention provides a control method for controlling potato late blight by using a mixed composition. In the early stage of the potato late blight, spraying stems and leaves, applying the pesticide at intervals of 7-10 days, and applying the pesticide for 2-3 times according to disease conditions, so that the potato late blight has good treatment effect, good safety, no adverse effect on other plant diseases and insect pests and no adverse effect on non-target organisms.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of pesticide application, and in particular relates to a control method for controlling potato epidemic disease by a mixed composition.
Background
The flumorph bactericide has the functions of protecting and treating, mainly inhibiting the biosynthesis of germ cell walls, and has good control effect on diseases generated by oomycete pathogenic bacteria, such as downy mildew, late blight, downy blight and the like.
The fluopicolide is an amide broad-spectrum bactericide, and is a unique mixed formulation with high-efficiency protection and treatment effects for preventing and treating oomycete vegetable diseases. The product has excellent system conductivity and strong thin layer penetrating power, has good inhibition effect on all main forms of pathogenic bacteria, and can provide comprehensive and lasting protection for new leaves, stems, tubers and young fruits. The medicament can be quickly absorbed through leaf surfaces, so that the medicament is resistant to rain wash and provides reliable guarantee for preventing diseases of vegetables in rainy seasons.
The potato late blight mainly uses mycelium to hide in the potato to overwinter, and becomes an initial infection source of diseases in the next year. Seed potato with disease, the serious person can not sprout, or the person dies without sprouting; the light plants germinate and come out of the soil, and develop into central disease plants in the field. The dip dyeing is carried out by air flow and rainwater transmission. Most potato producing areas in China are suitable for late blight occurrence, so that humidity plays a role in determining diseases. The weather is moist, overcast and rainy, and the fog and dew are more in the morning and evening, which is beneficial to the onset and spread of diseases.
Late blight of potato is one of the main diseases of potato, which is common in most areas of middle and north China, and the loss degree of the disease varies with the climatic conditions of each area. Under the condition of proper disease epidemic, the plants die in advance, and 20-40% of yield loss can be caused. The leaves, stems and tubers of potatoes are mainly compromised, and symptoms generally appear before and after flowering.
With the development of technology, the spray control of diseases, weeds and pests by an airplane is a trend. Against the expansion of large-scale planting, the demand for unmanned aerial vehicle plant protection technology is also increasing. However, unmanned aerial vehicle spraying also has to be strict in terms of the product requirements of pesticides. At present, a plurality of products in the market can not meet the requirement of unmanned aerial vehicle spraying, or the problem of liquid medicine drifting is solved by adding an auxiliary agent special for aircraft spraying, but on the market, farmers often have difficulty in buying the special auxiliary agent or the quality level of the purchased special auxiliary agent is uneven, and the expected effect can not be achieved. On the other hand, the problem of how to solve aircraft spraying liquid medicine drift and blocking the shower nozzle is the main obstacle that prevents unmanned aerial vehicle plant protection technique to advance at present because of particle diameter or product stability cause the frequency of leaking the event that the shower nozzle arouses to take place in the aircraft spraying process.
The applicant mixes flumorph and fluopicolide in a proper proportion, and on one hand, the synergistic effect is generated on pathogenic bacteria, so that the generation of drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria can be delayed, the drug effect is improved, the dosage is reduced, and the economic cost is saved. On the other hand, by adding special auxiliary agents and special production technology, the technical problem of drift and nozzle blocking of the unmanned aerial vehicle spraying liquid medicine is solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a flumorph-containing mixed composition and application thereof, wherein the mixed composition can effectively treat potato late blight, delay the generation of drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria, can be used for unmanned aerial vehicle plant protection technology, and solves the technical problem of drift of spraying liquid medicine and nozzle blockage of unmanned aerial vehicles. It also has the advantages of improved drug effect, reduced dosage, reduced economic cost, low toxicity, and environmental friendliness.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a control method for controlling potato epidemic disease by using a mixed composition is characterized in that: the mixed composition is prepared from flumorph, fluopicolide, a special auxiliary agent and an auxiliary agent, wherein the weight ratio of flumorph to fluopicolide is 3:1-1:3, the preferable weight ratio is 2:1-3:1 or 1:2-1:3, and the optimal weight ratio is 2:1.
Further, the total weight of flumorph and fluopicolide in the mixed composition is 10% -50%, and the preferable total weight is 30%.
Further, the special auxiliary agent is selected from one or more of polyether modified heptamethyltrisiloxane and secondary alcohol ethoxylate mixture, siloxane polyalkyl oxide copolymer, ethoxylated fatty alcohol mixture and methylated vegetable oil.
Further, the auxiliary agent is one or more selected from dispersing agent, wetting agent, antifreezing agent, thickening agent, defoaming agent and water.
Further, the dosage of the active ingredients of the mixed composition is 135-180 g/hectare, and the dosage of the active ingredients is preferably 157.5-180 g/hectare.
Further, the water consumption of the mixed composition for preventing and treating potato late blight by using traditional foliar spray is 450-675 liters per hectare.
Further, the water consumption of the mixed composition when using the airplane spray to control potato late blight is 20-40 liters per hectare, and the water consumption is preferably 25-35 liters per hectare.
Further, the preparation method of the nanometer suspending agent composition comprises the steps of firstly adding water, an auxiliary agent and active ingredient raw medicines into a stirring tank, shearing at high speed, and fully dispersing to form an initial dispersion; then the slurry is conveyed into a sand mill by a diaphragm pump to be crushed, the sand milling feeding speed is regulated to ensure that the sand milling fineness is controlled to be 0.1-1 mu m, the slurry is finely ground by a rod pin type sand mill, the grain diameter is controlled to be 100-500 nanometers, and the grain size is confirmed to meet the requirement; and finally, conveying the slurry to a preparation kettle, adding a thickening agent and a defoaming agent, adjusting the viscosity of the materials, sampling, and performing quality detection to obtain a finished product.
The main technical indexes of the invention are as follows:
compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) The composition has more remarkable synergism for preventing and treating potato late blight, and remarkably improves the prevention and treatment effect;
(2) The special auxiliary agent formula and the special production process are adopted, so that the problems of drift of spraying liquid medicine and medicine leakage of a nozzle of the unmanned aerial vehicle are solved;
(3) When the spray is used for spraying on an airplane, the spray can enhance the efficacy, save the water consumption, realize man-machine separation, be safer for an applicator, reduce the medication cost and have higher efficiency;
(4) Low toxicity, environmental protection, long lasting period and reduced pesticide residue.
Drawings
The attached drawing shows the test result of the anti-drift performance of the 30% flumorph fluopicolide suspending agent.
The attached drawing shows the anti-evaporation test result of 30% flumorph fluopicolide suspending agent.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are by weight, but are not limited thereto.
Application example one: formulation preparation examples:
EXAMPLE 1 30% flumorph fluopicolide suspension
20% of flumorph original medicine, 10% of fluopyram original medicine, 1% of polyether modified heptamethyltrisiloxane and secondary alcohol ethoxylate mixture, 1% of alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, 1% of EO-PO block copolymer, 2.5% of phenethyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, 5% of glycerol, 0.5% of xanthan gum, 0.3% of C8-10 fatty alcohols, 0.3% of magnesium aluminum silicate and 100% of water to prepare the 30% flumorph fluopyram suspending agent.
EXAMPLE 2 30% flumorph fluopicolide suspension
20% of flumorph original medicine, 10% of fluopyram original medicine, 2% of methylated vegetable oil, 1.5% of lignosulfonate, 2% of polycarboxylate, 3% of nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether and octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, 4% of propylene glycol, 0.5% of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.4% of sodium benzoate, 0.2% of organic silicone defoamer and 100% of water to prepare the 30% flumorph fluopyram suspending agent.
EXAMPLE 3 30% flumorph fluopicolide suspension
20% of flumorph original medicine, 10% of fluopyram original medicine, 3% of a mixture of siloxane polyalkyl oxide copolymer and ethoxylated fatty alcohol, 2.5% of naphthalene sulfonic acid formaldehyde condensate sodium salt segmented copolymer, 4% of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 3% of ethylene glycol, 0.5% of C10-20 saturated fatty acid compound, 1% of white carbon black, 0.4% of xanthan gum, 0.3% of glacial acetic acid and 100% of water to prepare the 30% flumorph fluopyram suspending agent.
EXAMPLE 4 15% flumorph fluopicolide suspension
The 15% flumorph fluopicolide suspending agent is prepared by adding 5% of flumorph original drug, 10% of fluopicolide original drug, 1.5% of polyether modified heptamethyltrisiloxane and secondary alcohol ethoxylate mixture, 1.5% of polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether block copolymer, 3% of castor oil polyoxyethylene ether, 5% of glycerol, 0.3% of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.2% of magnesium aluminum silicate, 0.2% of organic silicone defoamer, 0.6% of sodium benzoate and 100% of water.
EXAMPLE 5 50% flumorph fluopicolide suspension
The 50% flumorph fluopicolide suspending agent is prepared by adding 30% of flumorph original drug, 20% of fluopicolide original drug, 3% of methylated vegetable oil, 2.5% of alkyl naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde polymer, 2% of EO-PO block copolymer, 2% of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 1% of alkyl glycoside, 6% of ethylene glycol, 0.2% of guar gum, 0.1% of silicone defoamer, 1.5% of white carbon black and 100% of water.
Comparative example 1 30% flumorph fluopicolide suspension
20% of flumorph original medicine, 10% of fluopyram original medicine, 1% of alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, 1% of EO-PO block copolymer, 2.5% of phenethyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate, 5% of glycerol, 0.5% of xanthan gum, 0.3% of C8-10 fatty alcohols, 0.3% of magnesium aluminum silicate and 100% of water to prepare the 30% flumorph fluopyram suspending agent.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: the dispersing agent, the wetting agent, the defoaming agent, the thickening agent and the anti-freezing agent in the formula are sheared and mixed uniformly at high speed, active ingredients such as flumorph and fluopyram are added, ball milling is carried out for 2-3 hours in a ball mill, and the particle size of particles is totally below 5 mu m, so that the 30% flumorph fluopyram suspending agent is prepared.
Comparative example 2
Polyether modified heptamethyltrisiloxane and secondary alcohol ethoxylate mixture 1%, balance water.
Comparative example 3
2% of methylated vegetable oil and the balance of water.
Comparative example 4
The siloxane polyalkyl oxide copolymer and ethoxylated fatty alcohol mixture was 3% with the balance water.
Application example two: indoor toxicity determination of flumorph and fluopicolide mixed pair potato late blight
According to the standards of NY/T1156.13-2008 and NY/T1156.6-2006, flumorph and fluopicolide and their ratios of 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 3:1, 2:1 were measured against horses by the leaf blade methodThe results of the toxicity of the potato late blight bacteria show that the flumorph and the fluopicolide are mixed according to the 5 proportions to show synergistic effect on the potato late blight bacteria, and EC 50 The values were 3.43, 3.07, 3.13, 3.57 and 3.22mg/L, respectively, and the co-toxicity coefficients were 124.67, 134.08, 129.10, 127.19 and 138.17, respectively. Wherein the synergistic effect of the two components is most obvious when the two components are mixed in a ratio of 2:1. The experimental procedure was as follows:
1 purpose of test
The toxicity of flumorph and fluopicolide and the mixed combination of the flumorph and fluopicolide in different proportions to potato late blight bacteria is measured indoors, the synergism is evaluated, the suitability of flumorph and fluopicolide is clear, and scientific basis is provided for research and development of flumorph and fluopicolide mixtures.
2 test conditions
2.1 test targets
Potato late blight germ (Phytophthora infestans (mont.) de Bary) was stored and supplied by the hunan loving seedling detection limited.
2.2 culture conditions
The culture condition of the target to be tested and the target after the test is that the temperature is 18-20 ℃ and the relative humidity is more than 95%.
2.3 instrumentation
An electronic ten-thousandth balance, a volumetric flask, a beaker, a pipette, a graduated cylinder, a culture dish, a biological microscope, a crop sprayer, an intelligent artificial climate incubator and the like.
3 test design
3.1 test Agents
95% of flumorph (flumorph); fluopicolide 97% original drug 3.2 medicament concentration design and solution preparation
Flumorph solution: weighing 0.0105g of 95% flumorph crude drug, dissolving the flumorph crude drug in 0.2mL of DMF, fixing the volume to 100mL by using sterile water containing 0.1% of Tween80 emulsifier, shaking uniformly to prepare 100mg/L mother liquor, and diluting the mother liquor into 40, 20, 10, 5, 2.5 and 1.25mg/L concentration by using sterile water containing 0.1% of Tween80 emulsifier for standby;
fluopicolide solution: weighing 0.0103g of fluopicolide 97% crude drug, dissolving the crude drug with 0.2mL of DMF, carrying out sterile constant volume to 100mL with 0.1% Tween80 emulsifier, shaking uniformly to prepare 100mg/L mother liquor, and diluting the mother liquor with sterile water to 40, 20, 10, 5, 2.5 and 1.25mg/L concentration for later use;
each mixed solution: respectively adding 10, 5, 15 and 10mL of 100mg/L flumorph solution into 10, 15, 5 and 5mL of 100mg/L flumorph solution to prepare 100mg/L flumorph fluopyram 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 3:1 and 2:1 solutions, and diluting with sterile water containing 0.1% Tween80 emulsifier to prepare 40, 20, 10, 5, 2.5 and 1.25mg/L solutions for later use;
blank control solution: 0.2mL DMF was added 99.8mL sterile water containing 0.1% Tween80 emulsifier.
4 test method
The leaf blade method was used with reference to the pesticide indoor bioassay test guidelines NY/T1156.13-2008.
Preparing sporangium suspension: culturing potato late blight bacteria on oat culture medium until sporangia are generated, washing potato late blight bacteria spores with distilled water at 4 ℃, filtering with double-layer gauze to prepare sporangia suspension (the concentration is controlled to be 1 multiplied by 105 sporangia per milliliter), and storing for 0.5-3 hours at 4 ℃ for standby.
Uniformly spraying the prepared liquid medicine on the back of the blade, naturally air-drying the liquid medicine, upwards treating the back of the blade, and discharging the blade into a moisturizing box according to the treatment mark. 24 hours after the treatment with the agent, the back of the leaf is sprayed with the fresh sporangia suspension prepared, and the test is run with the treatment without agent as a blank, with 4 replicates per treatment and 10 leaves per replicate. After inoculation, the culture medium is covered with a dish cover and placed in an intelligent artificial climate incubator to be cultured under the conditions of continuous illumination/darkness for 12 hours alternation every day, the temperature is 18-20 ℃ and the relative humidity is more than 90%.
5 data investigation and statistical analysis
5.1 investigation method
And when the leaf rate of the blank control reaches more than 50%, the disease conditions of all treatments are investigated in a grading way.
Level 0: does not cause disease;
stage 1: the area of the disease spots accounts for less than 10% of the area of the whole leaf;
3 stages: the area of the disease spots accounts for 10% -25% of the area of the whole leaf;
5 stages: the area of the lesion accounts for 25% -50% of the area of the whole leaf;
7 stages: the area of the disease spots accounts for more than 50% of the area of the whole leaf;
stage 9: whole leaves withered.
According to the investigation data, the disease index of each treatment is calculated according to the formula (1) and the control effect is calculated according to the formula (2).
Wherein: x represents the disease index, ni represents the leaf number of each stage, i represents the relative grade value, and N represents the total leaf number of investigation.
Wherein: p represents the control effect, CK represents the disease index of the blank control, and PT represents the disease index of the medicament treatment.
5.2 method for evaluating synergy
The synergy of the drug combination is evaluated according to the co-toxicity coefficient method (CTC) of Sun & Johnson (1960) by reference to a biological standard method NY/T1156.6-2006, namely CTC less than or equal to 80 is antagonism, CTC less than or equal to 80 is additive, CTC less than or equal to 120 is synergistic.
Drug combination Theory Toxicity Index (TTI) =toxicity index of agent a×percent (%) of agent a in the combination+toxicity index of agent b×percent (%)
5.3 statistical analysis of data
All experimental data were taken using DPS v9.50 SystemThe meter software performs the analysis. According to the control effect (%) of the test data, a virulence regression equation, a correlation coefficient (r) and EC are obtained 50 (95% confidence limit).
6 results analysis and discussion
6.1 evaluation of drug efficacy
The toxicity measurement results of flumorph and fluopyram and the mixed combination of flumorph and fluopyram in different proportions on potato late blight bacteria are shown in table 1. As can be seen from Table 1, in the 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 3:1, 2:1 compounding combinations of flumorph and fluopicolide, the five ratios exhibited synergistic effects on potato late blight bacteria, with EC50 values of 3.43, 3.07, 3.13, 3.57 and 3.22mg/L, respectively, and co-toxicity coefficients of 124.67, 134.08, 129.10, 127.19 and 138.17, respectively. Wherein the synergistic effect of the two components is most obvious when the two components are mixed in a ratio of 2:1.
TABLE 1 toxicity determination results of flumorph and fluopicolide in combination against late blight of potato
6.2 discussion and conclusion
Indoor biological test results show that the flumorph and the fluopicolide are mixed according to the proportion of 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 3:1 and 2:1 to show synergistic effect on potato late blight bacteria, wherein the synergistic effect of the flumorph and the fluopicolide is most obvious when mixed according to the proportion of 2:1, so that the optimal ratio of the flumorph to the fluopicolide can be seen as 2:1.
Application example three: examples 1 to 3 toxicology assay experiments
I delegate the third party detection mechanism to conduct acute toxicity test on examples 1-3, and the test results are as follows:
1) Acute oral toxicity tests show that the toxicity levels are low.
2) Acute percutaneous toxicity test, toxicity grade is low toxicity.
3) Eye irritation test, no irritation.
4) Skin irritation test, no irritation.
5) Skin sensitization test, no sensitization.
Application example five: example 1 efficacy test against potato late blight
The test refers to the pesticide field efficacy test criterion (one) GB/T17980.34-2000: the bactericide is used for preventing and treating potato late blight.
1 test basic information
1.1 test name
Field efficacy test 1.2 test purpose of 30% flumorph fluopyram suspending agent for preventing and treating potato late blight
The control effect, the applicable dosage and the safety of the 30% flumorph fluopicolide suspending agent provided by the applicant on potato late blight are clear, and the basis is provided for registering and popularizing test agents.
2 environmental and facility cultivation conditions
2.1 test position
Copper beam area in Chongqing city.
2.2 test target conditions
Potato late blight (Phytophthora infestans).
2.3 testing crops, varieties and growth
The experimental crop is potato, and the test variety is green potato No. 9. The potato belongs to tuber forming period, and has moderate planting density and good growth environment when applied.
3 test design and arrangement
3.1 test amount and numbering
TABLE 2 test design of reagents for test
3.2 periods of application and methods
The drug was administered 1 time every 10 days (2022, 05, 01, 2022, 05, 11) at the beginning of the onset of potato late blight (2022, 04, 21), 3 times. Three applications, potatoes were in the tuber forming stage.
3.3 investigation method, time and times
3.3.1 investigation time and method
Crop safety investigation: the potato is observed 1, 3 and 5 days after each application to see whether the potato is harmful. And (5) investigating whether each part of the plant has obvious phytotoxicity symptoms such as fading, burning, spotting and the like. And simultaneously, the influence of the test agent on field non-target organisms such as wild animals, beneficial insects, other diseases and insect pests and the like is investigated.
Disease investigation: disease occurrence was investigated 4 times before each application (day 21 of 4 years 2022, day 01 of 05 years 2022 and day 11 of 05 months 2022) and 10 days after the third application (day 21 of 05 months 2022).
Sampling five diagonal points in each cell, taking 2 plants in each point, investigating all leaves, and recording according to the following grading method:
level 0: no disease spots;
stage 1: the area of the disease spots accounts for less than 5% of the whole blade area;
3 stages: the area of the disease spots accounts for 6% -10% of the whole blade area;
5 stages: the area of the disease spots accounts for 11% -20% of the whole blade area;
7 stages: the area of the disease spots accounts for 21% -50% of the whole blade area;
stage 9: the area of the disease spots accounts for more than 50% of the whole blade area.
3.3.3 method for calculating efficacy
Statistical analysis of the test data was performed by SPSS 25.0 using the new complex polar difference method of duncan.
4 results and analysis
TABLE 3 control effect of 30% flumorph fluopicolide suspension on potato late blight (10 days after first application)
TABLE 4 control effect of 30% flumorph fluopicolide suspension on potato late blight (10 days after second application)
TABLE 5 control effect of 30% flumorph fluopicolide suspension on potato late blight (10 days after third application)
The prevention and treatment conditions of the potato late blight after the treatment of the test agent are shown in tables 3, 4 and 5, and investigation of the potato late blight 10 days after the first application shows that the incidence and the disease index are obviously reduced compared with those of the water treatment, the disease indexes are 4.52,3.80 and 3.28 respectively, and the prevention and treatment effects are 64.21%,68.65% and 73.05% respectively; investigation of the disease condition of potato late blight 10 days after the second application shows that the disease rate and the disease index are obviously reduced compared with that of clear water, the disease index is 6.52,5.20 and 3.96, and the prevention effect is 68.60%,73.88% and 80.33% along with the increase of the concentration of the medicament; the disease condition of potato late blight is investigated 10 days after the third application, the disease rate and the disease index are obviously reduced compared with that of clear water, the disease index is 8.75,5.88 and 4.34, and the prevention effect is 72.28%,80.62% and 85.76% along with the increase of the concentration of the medicament. Three investigations show that compared with two single-dose control medicaments, the control effect of the test medicament is obviously improved under the condition that the dosage of the effective components is 157.5-180 g/hectare.
Application example six: example 2 efficacy test against potato late blight
Reference to application examples five is made to specific experimental basis, experimental medicament, investigation method and calculation method.
1 test position
Chongqing city unitary sun soil family Miao nationality county.
2 test crop, variety and growth conditions
Cucumber, yushu No. 6, grows well.
3 method of administering a drug
3.1 periods of application and methods
The drug administration was started at the beginning of the onset of potato late blight (2021, 06, 05 days), the second drug administration was performed at intervals of 9 days (2021, 06, 14 days), the third drug administration was performed at intervals of 7 days (2021, 06, 21 days), and the total drug administration was performed 3 times.
3.2 usage Capacity
The amount of liquid medicine sprayed per hectare is about 675 liters.
3.3 investigation time
Disease conditions were examined before the first administration (2021, 06, 05 days), before the second administration (2021, 06, 14 days), before the third administration (2021, 06, 21 days), and 10d after the third administration (2021, 07, 01 days), and a total of 4 cases were examined.
4 results and analysis
TABLE 6 prevention and treatment effects of 30% flumorph fluopicolide suspension on potato late blight (before second application)
TABLE 7 prevention and treatment effects of 30% flumorph fluopicolide suspension on potato late blight (before third application)
TABLE 8 prevention and treatment effects of 30% flumorph fluopicolide suspension on potato late blight (after third application)
The control effect of the 30% flumorph fluopicolide suspension agent applied three times on potato late blight is shown in tables 6-8. The three investigation results show that the incidence rate and the disease index of the potato late blight are obviously reduced after the medicament is applied, and the potato late blight is obviously inhibited. Meanwhile, the control effect of the 30% flumorph fluopicolide suspending agent is improved along with the increase of the dosage of the active ingredients.
The incidence rate and the disease index of the potato late blight after the treatment of 135 g/hectare of 30% flumorph fluopicolide suspending agent have no significant difference from those of the treatment of two control agents, and the prevention effect is slightly lower than that of the treatment of the two control agents. 157.5-180 g/hectare of the test agent treated with significantly lower morbidity and index than the two control agents treated with 11.34% and 11.36%, 2.56 and 2.01 respectively, 10 days after the third application; the control effect is extremely obviously higher than that of the control medicament treatment, and the control effects of three surveys are 71.21% and 76.70%, 76.04% and 81.31%, 81.86% and 86.52%, respectively. In conclusion, 157.5-180 g/hectare of the test agent treatment can effectively control the occurrence of potato late blight.
Application example seven: example 3 efficacy test against late blight of Potato
Reference to application examples five is made to specific experimental basis, experimental medicament, investigation method and calculation method.
1 test position
Fuxin City of Liaoning province.
2 test crop, variety and growth conditions
Cucumber, its variety is feilurui, its growth condition: the potatoes grow normally, and the potatoes are in a period from flower filling to tuber expansion.
3 method of administering a drug
3.1 periods of application and methods
Time and frequency of application: the 1 st application (2022, 06, 11 days) is carried out at intervals of 7 days at the beginning of the onset of potato late blight, and the total application is 3 times.
3.2 usage Capacity
The amount of the liquid medicine sprayed per hectare is about 666 liters.
3.3 investigation time
Disease cardinality was investigated prior to 1 st administration. Investigation of the control effect was conducted 7 days after the 2 nd and 10 days after the 3 rd. A total of 3 surveys.
4 direct impact on crops
The presence or absence of phytotoxicity to crops was observed 7 days after the 1 st application, 7 days after the 2 nd application and 10 days after the 3 rd application, and the type of phytotoxicity and the degree of hazard were recorded. Other beneficial effects on crops (e.g., promotion of ripening, stimulation of growth, etc.) are noted with accurate descriptions of phytotoxicity symptoms (dwarfing, chlorosis, malformation, etc.) of the crop. If the phytotoxicity can be measured or calculated, absolute values, such as plant height, are used.
5 effects on other organisms
The effect of the agent on other pests was observed 7 days after the 1 st application, 7 days after the 2 nd application, 10 days after the 3 rd application: any effect on other pests will have to be recorded, including both beneficial and non-beneficial effects. Effects on other non-target organisms: the effect of the agent on the wild life and beneficial insects in the test area was recorded.
6 results and analysis
Table 9 field efficacy test and statistical analysis result of 30% flumorph fluopyram suspension agent for preventing and treating potato late blight (7 days after the 2 nd dose)
Table 10 field efficacy test and statistical analysis result (10 days after 3 rd time of drug) of 30% flumorph fluopicolide suspending agent for preventing and treating potato late blight
Table 11 results of safety investigation of 30% flumorph fluopicolide suspension for potatoes
Table 12 results of investigation of the influence of 30% flumorph fluopicolide suspension on non-target organisms
The experimental results show that:
the results of investigation 7 days after the 2 nd application show that the 30% flumorph fluopicolide suspending agent of the example 3 has good prevention and treatment effects on potato late blight, and the average prevention and treatment effects are 81.57%, 88.72% and 91.69% respectively under the dosage of 30 g/mu, 35 g/mu and 40 g/mu preparations.
The control effect of the 30% flumorph fluopicolide suspending agent of example 3 on potato late blight is better than that of 2 single-dose controls with the dosage of 40 g/mu and 35 g/mu; the control effect of the dosage of 30 g/mu of the preparation in the example 3 on potato late blight is better than that of the dosage of 45 g/mu of the preparation of 30% flumorph suspending agent in comparison with that of the preparation of 35 g/mu of the preparation of 20% fluopicolide suspending agent in comparison with that of the preparation of the control.
The control effect on potato late blight is remarkably different between the dosage of the 30% flumorph fluopicolide suspending agent of the embodiment 3, 35 g/mu and 40 g/mu preparation and the dosage of the 30/mu preparation; the dosage of the preparation is between 35 g/mu and 40 g/mu, and the prevention and treatment effects on potato late blight are not obviously different.
The results of investigation 10 days after the 3 rd application show that the 30% flumorph fluopicolide suspending agent of the embodiment 3 has good prevention and treatment effects on potato late blight, and the average prevention and treatment effects are 82.13%, 91.15% and 92.16% respectively under the dosage of 30 g/mu, 35 g/mu and 40 g/mu preparations.
The control effect of the preparation dosage of 35 g/mu and 40 g/mu of the 30% fluopyram suspending agent of the embodiment 3 on potato late blight is superior to the control effect of the preparation dosage of 35 g/mu (87.97%) and 45 g/mu (81.56%) of the control 20% fluopyram suspending agent; the control effect of the dosage of the preparation of 30/mu in example 3 on potato late blight is equivalent to that of the control 30% flumorph suspending agent and is lower than that of the control 20% fluopicolide suspending agent 35 g/mu.
The dosage of the test object 30% flumorph fluopicolide suspending agent 35 g/mu and 40 g/mu preparation is obviously different from the dosage of the test object 30 g/mu preparation, so that the prevention and treatment effects on potato late blight are obviously different; the dosage of the preparation is between 35 g/mu and 40 g/mu, and the prevention and treatment effects on potato late blight are not obviously different.
The field investigation result shows that under the condition that the dosage of 30-40 g/mu of the flumorph fluopicolide suspending agent is 30% of the tested object, the potato growth is not adversely affected, the pesticide damage symptom is not seen, and the adverse effects on other plant diseases and insect pests and non-target organisms are not seen.
Application example eight: test 1 purpose of experiment for anti-drift performance of 30% flumorph fluopicolide suspending agent
In order to test the expansion and adhesion of the sprayed liquid medicine in the embodiment of the invention, a special test is made.
2 Experimental medicament
3 processing mode
The aircraft sprays, and the water consumption is 2 liters per mu of land.
4 experimental results are shown in the accompanying drawing to describe 1
The experimental result of the attached drawing illustration 1 shows that the embodiment of the invention has good expansibility after contacting with a target, strong adhesion and even distribution of fog drops, and is more beneficial to crop absorption.
Application example nine: different formulas of 30% flumorph fluopicolide suspending agent and production process fogdrops and density conditions thereof
1 treatment mode
Aircraft spraying, 2 liters of water consumption per mu of land
2 the experimental results are as follows:
| mist droplet size and density | Fogdrop (mu m) | Density (square meter per c) |
| Example 1 | 288.37±23.87 | 38.30±5.01 |
| Example 2 | 305.16±20.05 | 38.12±6.37 |
| Example 3 | 296.77±21.92 | 38.51±4.03 |
| Comparative example 1 | 820.26±80.65 | 15.18±2.38 |
The experimental results show that: the embodiment of the invention has small droplet size, meets the aircraft spraying requirement, is not easy to block an aircraft nozzle, has larger droplet size and too small density in comparison with the embodiment 1, and is not suitable for aircraft spraying.
Application example ten: 30% flumorph fluopicolide suspending agent anti-evaporation test 1 experiment purpose
In order to test the evaporation resistance of the sprayed liquid medicine in the embodiment of the invention, a special test is made.
2 Experimental medicament
3 experimental results are shown in the accompanying figure to describe 2
The experimental results of figure 2 show that: the embodiment of the invention has the maximum fog drop evaporation inhibition rate, which is obviously better than that of comparative examples 1-4, and the fog drop evaporation inhibition rate of comparative example 1 without special auxiliary agent is the minimum.
The foregoing is a further detailed description of the invention in connection with the preferred embodiments, and it is not intended that the invention be limited to the specific embodiments described. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several simple deductions or substitutions may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these should be considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A control method for controlling potato epidemic disease by using a mixed composition is characterized in that: the mixed composition consists of flumorph, fluopicolide, a special auxiliary agent and an auxiliary agent, and is prepared into a suspending agent, wherein the weight ratio of flumorph to fluopicolide is 3:1-1:3.
2. The control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the weight ratio of flumorph to fluopicolide is 2:1-3:1 or 1:2-1:3.
3. The control method according to claim 2, characterized in that: the weight ratio of flumorph to fluopicolide is 2:1.
4. The control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the total weight of flumorph and fluopicolide in the mixed composition is 10% -50%.
5. The control method according to claim 4, characterized in that: the total weight of flumorph and fluopicolide in the mixed composition is 30 percent.
6. The control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the special auxiliary agent is selected from one or more of polyether modified heptamethyltrisiloxane and secondary alcohol ethoxylate mixture, siloxane polyalkyl oxide copolymer, ethoxylated fatty alcohol mixture and methylated vegetable oil.
7. The control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the auxiliary agent is one or more selected from dispersing agent, wetting agent, antifreezing agent, thickening agent, defoaming agent and water.
8. The control method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: the dosage of the active ingredients of the mixed composition is 135-180 g/hectare.
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