CN116496737A - 一种高粘接强度、低永久压缩变形率、低透气性的导电粘接密封胶及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种高粘接强度、低永久压缩变形率、低透气性的导电粘接密封胶及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及导电密封胶制备技术领域,尤其涉及一种高粘接强度、低永久压缩变形率、低透气性的导电粘接密封胶及其制备方法,该导电胶按重量份数计包括以下组份:双环戊二烯苯酚环氧树脂60‑80份;环氧基封端的聚异丁烯聚合物10‑30份;酚醛改性环氧树脂10‑20份,增韧剂40‑70份,固化剂10‑25份、促进剂1‑5份、填料40‑60份。本发明解决了环氧水路粘接胶硬度大胶体脆且耐PEMFC电化学反应环境不足,加成型改性硅胶气路密封胶粘接强度不够,气密性不够的问题,且一胶两用优化了工艺,并对双极板的导电性有加成作用,且生产工艺简单,满足工业化生产需求。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及导电密封胶制备技术领域,尤其涉及一种高粘接强度、低永久压缩变形率、低透气性的导电粘接密封胶。
背景技术
双极板是PEMFC(质子交换膜燃料电池)的核心零部件之一,其主要作用是通过表面的流场运输气体,收集、传导反应生成的电流、热量和水。同时考虑PEMFC电化学反应环境为酸性,因此要求双极板对电导率、气密性、机械性能、耐腐蚀性等有较高的要求。目前双极板根据材料主要分为石墨板、复合板、金属板三类,石墨双极板以及复合双极板是目前国内PEMFC最常用的双极板,导电性、导热性、稳定性和耐腐蚀性等性能较好,但机械性能相对较差。而燃料电池发电原理是将氢气和氧气的化学能经电化学反应方式产生电能,氢气在阳极解离为H+,通过质子交换膜后,在阴极与氧气反应生成水,电子从阳极通过外电路到达阴极,在外电路上形成电流回路。而水路、气路双极板需要分别用到水路粘接胶以及气路密封胶,现有水路粘接胶为环氧胶存在硬度大胶体脆且耐PEMFC电化学反应环境不足,气路密封胶为加成型改性硅胶存在粘接强度不够,气密性不够问题,且两种胶都为绝缘材料,对石墨板的导电性能没有加成作用。而工艺方面存在使用两款不同的点胶、固化工艺较为复杂。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种高粘接强度、低永久压缩变形率、低透气性的导电粘接密封胶,以解决现有环氧水路粘接胶硬度大胶体脆且耐PEMFC电化学反应环境不足,加成型改性硅胶气路密封胶粘接强度不够,气密性不够问题。
为了实现上述目的,本发明采用如下技术方案:
一种高粘接强度、低永久压缩变形率、低透气性的导电粘接密封胶,按重量份数计包括以下组份:双环戊二烯苯酚环氧树脂60-80份;环氧基封端的聚异丁烯聚合物10-30份;酚醛改性环氧树脂10-20份,增韧剂40-70份,固化剂10-25份、促进剂1-5份、填料40-60份。
优选的,所述增韧剂为泰州市恒创绝缘材料有限公司的BH-026和东莞华创绝缘材料的HC-182和HC-186中的至少一种。
优选的,所述固化剂为日本味之素的AH-124、VDH、UDH中的至少一种。
优选的,所述促进剂为胶囊型改性咪唑。
优选的,所述填料为5微米以及10微米规格的石墨粉。
一种高粘接强度、低永久压缩变形率、低透气性的导电粘接密封胶的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
A.将双环戊二烯苯酚环氧树脂、热固聚异丁烯烃、酚醛改性环氧树脂按配方比例加入搅拌机搅拌,用模温机将温度控制在100℃真空条件下搅拌,然后将增韧剂按配方比例加入搅拌机搅拌,用模温机将温度控制在100℃真空条件下搅拌一段时间;
B.将填料按配方比例加入搅拌机搅拌;
C.将模温机温度降低至25℃后将固化剂按配方比例加入搅拌机搅拌一段时间后,维持模温机在25℃,将促进剂按配方比例加入,搅拌机搅拌,搅拌完成后,用三辊研磨机将胶研磨两遍后抽真空搅拌60分钟,温度控制在25℃;
D.搅拌完成后进行过滤。
优选的,所述搅拌机为60L真空搅拌机。
优选的,步骤A、C搅拌时设置参数:搅拌速度为100-200r/min,分散速度为1000-1500r/min,真空度为:-0.098Mpa。
优选的,步骤B搅拌时用模温机将温度控制在100℃,先缓慢搅拌20分钟,搅拌速度为20-50r/min,分散速度为100-200r/min,这里不能用括号将填料混合均匀后再开启真空泵将真空度控制在-0.098Mpa;再将搅拌速度提高至100-200r/min,分散速度提高至1000-1500r/min搅拌40分钟。
优选的,步骤D过滤时采用150-200目滤网通过挤出机进行过滤。
本发明通过加入双环戊二烯苯酚环氧树脂大大降低了配方体系的吸湿性,并且提高了配方体系的TG,通过加入酚醛改性环氧树脂进一步提高了配方体系的TG点以及耐化学稳定性,而由于PEMFC(质子交换膜燃料电池)的运行原理导致双极板处于高温高湿以及有乙二醇的环境所以加入了双环戊二烯苯酚环氧树脂、酚醛改性环氧树脂可以保证固化物在高温高湿以及有乙二醇的环境中性能稳定;通过加入环氧基封端的聚异丁烯改善了配方体系的韧性、降低体系硬度,同时进一步改善耐水性,而环氧基封端的聚异丁烯本身的气体的透过率低,所以大大提高了配方体系对水场粘接以及气路密封中水以及氢气的阻隔性,同时环氧基封端的聚异丁烯回弹性高,可以大大降低体系的永久压缩变形率;通过加入BH-026+HC-186进一步改善配方韧性,使配方体系的弹性、延伸率进一步增强,继而降低体系的永久压缩变形率,还具有优良的耐化学品性能;通过加入AH-124+VDH两种固化剂可以使配方体系弹性增强进一步降低永久压缩变形率以及改善耐候性;通过加入石墨粉改善了配方体系的触变并降低了体积电阻率使得胶体绝缘性变差,从而提高双极板的导电性能并能改善对石墨板的附着力。本发明生产工艺简单,满足工业化生产需求。
具体实施方式
为详细说明本发明的技术内容、所实现目的及效果,以下结合实施方式予以说明,但并不构成对本发明保护范围的限制。
本发明的高粘接强度、低永久压缩变形率、低透气性的导电粘接密封胶,按重量份数计包括以下组份:
双环戊二烯苯酚环氧树脂60-80份;环氧基封端的聚异丁烯聚合物10-30份;酚醛改性环氧树脂10-20份,增韧剂40-70份,固化剂10-25份、促进剂1-5份、填料40-60份。
其中,双环戊二烯苯酚环氧树脂具有优异的耐热性、低吸湿性、低弹性率和高粘附密封性。可以提高体系的耐热性、降低吸水性,改善开裂性;环氧基封端的聚异丁烯聚合物分子主链是饱和碳氢结构而具有极好的耐热性,良好的化学稳定性。环氧基封端的聚异丁烯的耐水性优秀,水蒸气和气体的透过率低,常用于对氢气,氧气及水蒸气阻隔性要求极高的密封用途,在体系中还可以降低硬度起到增韧作用,增韧剂:包括泰州市恒创绝缘材料有限公司的BH-026和东莞华创绝缘材料的HC-182和HC-186中的至少一种,选择这几种增韧剂可以使固化物有很好的弹性,很高的延伸率,还具有优良的耐化学品性能,抗冷热冲击性。固化剂包括:日本味之素的AH-124、VDH、UDH,中的的至少一种,选择这几种固化剂可以进一步提高固化物的耐候性,柔性、弹性,促进剂为:胶囊型改性咪唑,选择这种促进剂可以在不影响稳定性的前提下提高固化的速度,填料包括:5微米以及10微米规格的石墨粉,选择这几种填料的作用是提高胶体触变降低胶体的绝缘性能,改善对石墨板的附着力。
下表为实施例:
实施例1-3的制备方法如下:
A.将双环戊二烯苯酚环氧树脂、热固聚异丁烯烃、酚醛改性环氧树脂按配方比例加入60L真空搅拌机搅拌,用模温机将温度控制在100℃真空搅拌60分钟,搅拌速度为100-200r/min,分散速度为1000-1500r/min,真空度为:-0.098Mpa;
然后将增韧剂按配方比例加入60L真空搅拌机搅拌,用模温机将温度控制在100℃真空搅拌60分钟,搅拌速度为100-200r/min,分散速度为1000-1500r/min,真空度为:-0.098Mpa;
B.将填料按配方比例加入60L真空搅拌机搅拌,用模温机将温度控制在100℃,先缓慢搅拌20分钟,搅拌速度为20-50r/min,分散速度为100-200r/min,将填料混合均匀后再开启真空泵将真空度控制在-0.098Mpa;再将搅拌速度提高至100-200r/min,分散速度提高至1000-1500r/min搅拌40分钟;
C.将模温机温度降低至25℃后将固化剂按配方比例加入60L真空搅拌机真空搅拌30分钟,搅拌速度为100-200r/min,分散速度为1000-1500r/min,真空度为:-0.098Mpa;维持模温机在25℃,接着将固促进剂按配方比例加入60L
真空搅拌机真空搅拌30分钟,搅拌速度为100-200r/min,分散速度为
1000-1500r/min,真空度为:-0.098Mpa;搅拌完成后用三辊研磨机将胶研磨两遍后抽真空搅拌60分钟搅拌速度为100-200r/min,分散速度为
1000-1500r/min,真空度为:-0.098Mpa,温度控制在25℃;
D.搅拌完成后采用150-200目滤网通过挤出机进行分装过滤。
高粘接强度、低永久压缩变形率、低透气性的导电粘接密封胶的应用:直接点在石墨双极板水场以及气场的点胶流道上120℃固化90分钟。
实施例1-3的测试标准如下:
上述粘度按规定进行ASTM D2196
触变按GB T 5561-1994规定进行试验温度为25±1℃
硬度按ASTM D2240规定进行,硬度的试验温度为25±2℃
永久压缩变形率按GB7759.1-2015B型规定进行,永久压缩变形率的的试验温度为175℃(22H)
应力应变按GB/T7757-2009规定进行,应力应变的试验温度为25±2℃
剪切强度按GB/T7124-89规定进行,剪切强度的试验温度为25±2℃
体积电阻率按GB1410-2006规定进行,体积电阻率的试验温度为25±2℃以下是常用的环氧树脂、填料以及普通液体加成型硅胶与本发明的对比例,按重量份数计:
以上实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式,其描述较为具体和详细,但并不能因此而理解为对发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是,对于本领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,还可以做出若干变形和改进,这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此,本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。
Claims (10)
1.一种高粘接强度、低永久压缩变形率、低透气性的导电粘接密封胶,其特征在于,按重量份数计包括以下组份:双环戊二烯苯酚环氧树脂60-80份;环氧基封端的聚异丁烯聚合物10-30份;酚醛改性环氧树脂10-20份,增韧剂40-70份,固化剂10-25份、促进剂1-5份、填料40-60份。
2.如权利要求1所述一种高粘接强度、低永久压缩变形率、低透气性的导电粘接密封胶,其特征在于,所述增韧剂为泰州市恒创绝缘材料有限公司的BH-026和东莞华创绝缘材料的HC-182和HC-186中的至少一种。
3.如权利要求1所述一种高粘接强度、低永久压缩变形率、低透气性的导电粘接密封胶,其特征在于,所述固化剂为日本味之素的AH-124、VDH、UDH中的至少一种。
4.如权利要求1所述一种高粘接强度、低永久压缩变形率、低透气性的导电粘接密封胶,其特征在于,所述促进剂为胶囊型改性咪唑。
5.如权利要求1所述一种高粘接强度、低永久压缩变形率、低透气性的导电粘接密封胶,其特征在于,所述填料为5微米以及10微米规格的石墨粉。
6.一种制备如权利要求1-5任一所述一种高粘接强度、低永久压缩变形率、低透气性的导电粘接密封胶的方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
A.将双环戊二烯苯酚环氧树脂、热固聚异丁烯烃、酚醛改性环氧树脂按配方比例加入搅拌机搅拌,用模温机将温度控制在100℃真空条件下搅拌,然后将增韧剂按配方比例加入搅拌机搅拌,用模温机将温度控制在100℃真空条件下搅拌一段时间;
B.将填料按配方比例加入搅拌机搅拌;
C.将模温机温度降低至25℃后将固化剂按配方比例加入搅拌机搅拌一段时间后,
维持模温机在25℃,将促进剂按配方比例加入,搅拌机搅拌,搅拌完成后,
用三辊研磨机将胶研磨两遍后抽真空搅拌60分钟,温度控制在25℃;
D.搅拌完成后进行过滤。
7.如权利要求6所述一种高粘接强度、低永久压缩变形率、低透气性的导电粘接密封胶的制备方法,其特征在于,所述搅拌机为60L真空搅拌机。
8.如权利要求6所述一种高粘接强度、低永久压缩变形率、低透气性的导电粘接密封胶的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤A、C搅拌时设置参数:搅拌速度为100-200r/min,分散速度为1000-1500r/min,真空度为:-0.098Mpa。
9.如权利要求6所述一种高粘接强度、低永久压缩变形率、低透气性的导电粘接密封胶的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤B搅拌时用模温机将温度控制在100℃,先缓慢搅拌20分钟,搅拌速度为20-50r/min,分散速度为100-200r/min,将填料混合均匀后再开启真空泵将真空度控制在-0.098Mpa;再将搅拌速度提高至100-200r/min,分散速度提高至1000-1500r/min搅拌40分钟。
10.如权利要求6所述一种高粘接强度、低永久压缩变形率、低透气性的导电粘接密封胶的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤D过滤时采用150-200目滤网通过挤出机进行过滤。
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