CN116496151B - 一种利用Catellani策略制备芴酮衍生物的方法 - Google Patents

一种利用Catellani策略制备芴酮衍生物的方法 Download PDF

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CN116496151B
CN116496151B CN202310464186.5A CN202310464186A CN116496151B CN 116496151 B CN116496151 B CN 116496151B CN 202310464186 A CN202310464186 A CN 202310464186A CN 116496151 B CN116496151 B CN 116496151B
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fluorenone derivatives
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CN116496151A (zh
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周荔薇
周秋兰
杨源
梁云
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Changsha Medical University
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种利用Catellani策略制备芴酮衍生物的方法,保护性气氛下,以芳基碘为起始物,2‑(2‑卤苯基)‑2‑氧代乙酸作为偶联试剂,在钯催化剂、助催化剂、碱和溶剂的共同作用下,于80~120℃反应即得芴酮衍生物。本发明通过双官能团化(芳基碘原位酰基化/邻位芳基化)一步实现了芴酮衍生物的合成,打破了传统方法需要预官能团化、起始原料不可用、合成步骤多等限制,具有工艺简便,底物适用性良好的优点。

Description

一种利用Catellani策略制备芴酮衍生物的方法
技术领域
本发明属于有机合成领域,具体涉及一种利用Catellani策略制备芴酮衍生物的方法。
背景技术
芴酮是一类重要的有机化合物,是多种天然产物、抗肿瘤药物的核心骨架,在光学和有机电子材料中也有着广泛的应用,因此,有机合成工作者们花了许多精力对它的合成方法进行研究。在过去的几十年,芴酮衍生物的合成方法主要有Friedel-Craft酰基化、芴或芴醇的氧化、Pschorr环化、远程金属化、分子内脱氢Diels-Alder环化。但这些合成方法都存在一些局限性,如需要预官能团化、起始材料不可用、合成步骤多等。开发一种简单高效的芴酮衍生物的合成方法显得格外重要。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术中存在的问题,本发明提供了一种利用Catellani策略制备芴酮衍生物的方法,通过双官能团化(芳基碘原位酰基化/邻位芳基化)一步实现了芴酮衍生物的合成,打破了传统方法需要预官能团化、起始原料不可用、合成步骤多等限制,具有工艺简便,底物适用性良好的优点。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的:
一种利用Catellani策略制备芴酮衍生物的方法,保护性气氛下,以芳基碘为起始物,2-(2-卤苯基)-2-氧代乙酸作为偶联试剂,在钯催化剂、助催化剂、碱和溶剂的共同作用下,于80~120℃反应即得芴酮衍生物,反应式如式(1)所示:
其中,所述芳基碘可以为碘代稠(杂)环芳烃,具体如1-碘萘、5-碘喹啉、5-碘异喹啉等;
或所述芳基碘中的R1可以为C1~C10的烷基,C1~C10的烷基可以为直链烷基或带支链的烷基,具体如甲基、乙基、异丙基等;R1可以为C1~C10的烷氧基,具体如甲氧基、乙氧基等;R1可以为卤素,具体如氯、氟或溴;R1可以为拉电子基团,具体如三氟甲基、氰基、酯基等;R1可以为苯基或含C1~C10的烷基、C1~C10的烷氧基、卤素取代基、氰基、三氟甲基等取代基的苯基,取代基可以为一个或多个,取代的位置不限;R2可以为氢;R2可以为C1~C10的烷基,C1~C10的烷基可以为直链烷基或带支链的烷基,具体如甲基、乙基、异丙基等;R2可以为C1~C10的烷氧基,具体如甲氧基、乙氧基等;R2可以为卤素,具体如氯、氟或溴;
所述2-(2-卤苯基)-2-氧代乙酸中的X为卤素,具体如氯、溴或碘;R3可以为氢;R3可以为C1~C10的烷基,C1~C10的烷基可以为直链烷基或带支链的烷基,具体如甲基、乙基、异丙基等;R3可以为C1~C10的烷氧基,具体如甲氧基、乙氧基等;R3可以为苯氧基或含C1~C10的烷基、C1~C10的烷氧基、卤素取代基、氰基、三氟甲基等取代基的苯氧基,取代基可以为一个或多个,取代的位置不限;R3可以为卤素,具体如氯、氟或溴;R3还可以为吗啉基。
优选的,所述的钯催化剂选自醋酸钯、氯化钯、双(三苯基膦)氯化钯(Ⅱ)、1,1'-双二苯基膦二茂铁二氯化钯、双二亚苄基丙酮钯或四(三苯基膦)钯中的一种或几种,钯催化剂的用量为起始物物质的量的1-10%。
优选的,所述的助催化剂选自降冰片烯或降冰片二烯,助催化剂的用量为起始物物质的量的100-300%。
优选的,所述反应中还添加有膦配体,膦配体为三苯基膦、三叔丁基膦或2-双环己基膦-2’,4’,6’-三异丙基联苯,膦配体的用量为起始物物质的量的5-20%。
优选的,所述的碱为碳酸钾、碳酸钠、磷酸钾、叔丁醇钾、叔丁醇钠或碳酸铯中的一种或者几种,碱的用量为起始物物质的量的200-500%。
优选的,所述溶剂为乙腈、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、二甲基亚砜和甲苯中的一种或几种,更优选为N,N-二甲基甲酰胺。
优选的,所述保护性气氛为氮气、氩气或氦气气氛。
与现有的合成方法相比,本发明有如下有益效果:
(1)本发明以2-(2-卤苯基)-2-氧代乙酸同时作为亲核和亲电试剂,实现了芳基碘的邻位芳基化/本位酰基化,一锅构建了一系列芴酮衍生物,工艺简便,底物适用性良好;
(2)本发明打破了传统的合成芴酮衍生物需要预官能团化、起始原料不可用、合成步骤多等限制,发展了一种芴酮衍生物的简单合成方法;
(3)本发明扩大了2-(2-卤苯基)-2-氧代乙酸作为偶联试剂捕获五元C,C-环钯物种的范围。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例6制得的样品的核磁氢谱图;
图2为本发明实施例6制得的样品的核磁碳谱图;
图3为本发明实施例7制得的样品的核磁氢谱图;
图4为本发明实施例7制得的样品的核磁碳谱图;
图5为本发明实施例9制得的样品的核磁氢谱图;
图6为本发明实施例9制得的样品的核磁碳谱图;
图7为本发明实施例10制得的样品的核磁氢谱图;
图8为本发明实施例10制得的样品的核磁碳谱图;
图9为本发明实施例11制得的样品的核磁氢谱图;
图10为本发明实施例11制得的样品的核磁碳谱图;
图11为本发明实施例12制得的样品的核磁氢谱图;
图12为本发明实施例12制得的样品的核磁碳谱图;
图13为本发明实施例13制得的样品的核磁氢谱图;
图14为本发明实施例13制得的样品的核磁碳谱图;
图15为本发明实施例14制得的样品的核磁氢谱图;
图16为本发明实施例14制得的样品的核磁碳谱图;
图17为本发明实施例15制得的样品的核磁氢谱图;
图18为本发明实施例15制得的样品的核磁碳谱图;
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施例对本发明作进一步详细说明,实施例中所用原料均可市购。或者原料2-(2-卤苯基)-2-氧代乙酸,本领域技术人员可以根据现有文献公开的方法自行制备,例如文献[Org.Lett.,2021,23,2878-2883]等。
实施例2
在干燥的25mL Schlenk管中加入2-(2-溴苯基)-2-氧代乙酸(0.24mmol,54.7mg),邻碘甲苯(0.2mmol,43.6mg),PdCl2(1.8mg),NBE(37.7mg),PPh3(5.2mg),K2CO3(83.0mg)和DMF(2.0mL)。然后用高纯氮对反应的气氛进行置换,于100℃油浴锅中反应2小时,用TLC监测反应情况,待反应结束之后,加入乙酸乙酯萃取三次(每次用50mL乙酸乙酯),合并有机相,采用无水硫酸钠干燥、浓缩、经硅胶柱层析法分离(洗脱剂中石油醚与乙酸乙酯的体积比为石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=100:1),得到产物为黄色固体,产率96%。
1HNMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ=7.59(d,J=7.5Hz,1H),7.45-7.40(m,2H),7.29(q,J=3.5,2.5Hz,2H),7.24(td,J=7.0,1.5Hz,1H),7.00(dd,J=5.5,3.0Hz,1H),2.60(s,3H);13CNMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ=201.5,195.0,144.7,143.8,139.4,134.2,134.2,133.9,131.8,130.8,128.8,123.7,119.9,117.8,17.7.
实施例4
在干燥的25mLSchlenk管中加入2-(2-溴苯基)-2-氧代乙酸(0.24mmol,54.7mg),1-乙基-2-碘苯(0.2mmol,46.4mg),PdCl2(1.8mg),NBE(37.7mg),PPh3(5.2mg),K2CO3(83.0mg)和DMF(2.0mL)。然后用高纯氮对反应的气氛进行置换,于100℃油浴锅中反应2小时,用TLC监测反应情况,待反应结束之后,加入乙酸乙酯萃取三次(每次用50mL乙酸乙酯),合并有机相,采用无水硫酸钠干燥、浓缩、经硅胶柱层析法分离(洗脱剂中石油醚与乙酸乙酯的体积比为石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=100:1),产物为黄色固体,产率75%。
1HNMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ=7.60(d,J=7.5Hz,1H),7.47(d,J=7.0Hz,1H),7.43(td,J=7.5,1.0Hz,1H),7.36-7.32(m,2H),7.25(td,J=7.0,1.0Hz,1H),7.07(dd,J=7.0,2.0Hz,1H),3.07(q,J=7.5Hz,2H),1.25(t,J=7.5Hz,3H);13CNMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ=194.8,146.0,144.9,143.9,134.3,134.2,130.2,130.2,128.8,123.8,119.9,117.9,24.5,14.7.
实施例5
在干燥的25mLSchlenk管中加入2-(2-溴苯基)-2-氧代乙酸(0.24mmol,54.7mg),2-异丙基碘苯(0.2mmol,49.2mg),PdCl2(1.8mg),NBE(37.7mg),PPh3(5.2mg),K2CO3(83.0mg)和DMF(2.0mL)。然后用高纯氮对反应的气氛进行置换,于100℃油浴锅中反应2小时,用TLC监测反应情况,待反应完之后,加入乙酸乙酯萃取三次(每次用50mL乙酸乙酯),合并有机相,采用无水硫酸钠干燥、浓缩、经硅胶柱层析法分离(洗脱剂中石油醚与乙酸乙酯的体积比为石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=100:1),产物为黄色固体,产率83%。
1HNMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ=7.60(d,J=7.5Hz,1H),7.47-7.41(m,2H),7.38(t,J=7.5Hz,1H),7.32(d,J=7.0Hz,1H),7.26-7.21(m,2H),4.19(p,J=7.0Hz,1H),1.26(d,J=7.0Hz,6H);13CNMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ=195.0,150.9,144.9,143.7,134.4,134.3,134.2,129.4,128.8,126.5,123.8,119.8,117.7,27.1,22.7.
实施例6
在干燥的25mLSchlenk管中加入2-(2-溴苯基)-2-氧代乙酸(0.24mmol,54.7mg),2-甲氧基碘苯(0.2mmol,46.8mg),PdCl2(1.8mg),NBE(37.7mg),PPh3(5.2mg),K2CO3(83.0mg)和DMF(2.0mL)。然后用高纯氮对反应的气氛进行置换,于100℃油浴锅中反应2小时,用TLC监测反应情况,待反应完毕之后,加入乙酸乙酯萃取三次(每次用50mL乙酸乙酯),合并有机相,采用无水硫酸钠干燥、浓缩、经硅胶柱层析法分离(洗脱剂中石油醚与乙酸乙酯的体积比为石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=30:1),产物为黄色固体,产率93%。
1HNMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ=7.62(d,J=7.5Hz,1H),7.46(d,J=7.5Hz,1H),7.44-7.39(m,2H),7.26(td,J=7.5,1.0Hz,1H),7.09(d,J=7.0Hz,1H),6.80(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),3.96(s,3H);13CNMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ=191.8,158.2,146.4,143.1,136.7,134.4,133.8,129.0,123.8,120.1,120.0,112.9,112.8,55.8.
实施例7
在干燥的25mLSchlenk管中加入2-(2-溴苯基)-2-氧代乙酸(0.24mmol,54.7mg),1-氟-2-碘苯(0.2mmol,44.4mg),PdCl2(1.8mg),NBE(37.7mg),PPh3(5.2mg),K2CO3(83.0mg)和DMF(2.0mL)。然后用高纯氮对反应的气氛进行置换,于100℃油浴锅中反应2小时,用TLC监测反应情况,待反应完毕之后,加入乙酸乙酯萃取三次(每次用50mL乙酸乙酯),合并有机相,采用无水硫酸钠干燥、浓缩、经硅胶柱层析法分离(洗脱剂中石油醚与乙酸乙酯的体积比为石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=100:1),产物为黄色固体,产率30%。
1HNMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ=7.65(d,J=7.5Hz,1H),7.52-7.44(m,3H),7.33-7.27(m,2H),6.92(t,J=9.0Hz,1H);13CNMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ=190.1,159.2(d,C-F,1JC-F=262.1Hz),146.3(d,C-F,4JC-F=3.5Hz),143.3(d,C-F,4JC-F=3.5Hz),137.0(d,C-F,3JC-F=8.4Hz),134.6,133.9,129.6,124.4,120.6,119.9(d,C-F,3JC-F=12.5Hz),117.4(d,C-F,2JC-F=20.6Hz),116.4,116.3.
实施例8
在干燥的25mLSchlenk管中加入2-(2-溴苯基)-2-氧代乙酸(0.24mmol,54.7mg),1-氯-2-碘苯(0.2mmol,47.6mg),PdCl2(1.8mg),NBE(37.7mg),PPh3(5.2mg),K2CO3(83.0mg)和DMF(2.0mL)。然后用高纯氮对反应的气氛进行置换,于100℃油浴锅中反应2小时,用TLC监测反应情况,待反应完毕之后,加入乙酸乙酯萃取三次(每次用50mL乙酸乙酯),合并有机相,采用无水硫酸钠干燥、浓缩、经硅胶柱层析法分离(洗脱剂中石油醚与乙酸乙酯的体积比为石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=100:1),产物为黄色固体,产率41%。
1HNMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ=7.67(d,J=7.5Hz,1H),7.50(d,J=7.5Hz,2H),7.39(dt,J=15.0,7.5Hz,2H),7.32(td,J=7.5,1.5Hz,1H),7.20(d,J=7.5Hz,1H).;13CNMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ=190.8,146.5,142.5,135.2,134.7,133.9,132.7,130.9,129.6,129.5,124.4,120.4,118.7.
实施例9
在干燥的25mLSchlenk管中加入2-(2-溴苯基)-2-氧代乙酸(0.24mmol,54.7mg),2-三氟甲基碘苯(0.2mmol,54.4mg),PdCl2(1.8mg),NBE(37.7mg),PPh3(5.2mg),K2CO3(83.0mg)和DMF(2.0mL)。然后用高纯氮对反应的气氛进行置换,于100℃油浴锅中反应2小时,用TLC监测反应情况,待反应完毕之后,加入乙酸乙酯萃取三次(每次用50mL乙酸乙酯),合并有机相,采用无水硫酸钠干燥、浓缩、经硅胶柱层析法分离(洗脱剂中石油醚与乙酸乙酯的体积比为石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=100:1),产物为黄色固体,产率25%。
1HNMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ=7.72(d,J=7.5Hz,1H),7.67(d,J=7.5Hz,1H),7.59(t,J=7.5Hz,1H),7.54(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),7.53-7.50(m,1H),7.34(td,J=7.0,1.5Hz,1H);13CNMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ=189.9,146.4,142.8,134.9,134.4,133.3,130.8(q,4JC-F=1.3Hz),129.9,127.8(q,2JC-F=34.8Hz),125.9(q,3JC-F=5.6Hz),124.7,123.5,122.5(q,1JC-F=272.4Hz),120.3.
实施例10
在干燥的25mLSchlenk管中加入2-(2-溴苯基)-2-氧代乙酸(0.24mmol,54.7mg),2-碘联苯(0.2mmol,56.0mg),PdCl2(1.8mg),NBE(37.7mg),PPh3(5.2mg),K2CO3(83.0mg)和DMF(2.0mL)。然后用高纯氮对反应的气氛进行置换,于100℃油浴锅中反应2小时,用TLC监测反应情况,待反应完毕之后,加入乙酸乙酯萃取三次(每次用50mL乙酸乙酯),合并有机相,采用无水硫酸钠干燥、浓缩、经硅胶柱层析法分离(洗脱剂中石油醚与乙酸乙酯的体积比为石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=100:1),产物为黄色固体,产率41%。
1HNMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ=7.58(d,J=7.5Hz,1H),7.54-7.48(m,5H),7.47-7.40(m,4H),7.29-7.25(m,1H),7.20(dd,J=7.0,1.5Hz,1H);13CNMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ=192.9,145.4,143.5,142.2,137.4,134.4,134.2,134.1,131.6,129.6,129.1,129.1,128.2,127.8,124.1,119.9,119.1.
实施例11
在干燥的25mLSchlenk管中加入2-(2-溴苯基)-2-氧代乙酸(0.24mmol,54.7mg),2,3-二甲基碘苯(0.2mmol,46.4mg),PdCl2(1.8mg),NBE(37.7mg),PPh3(5.2mg),K2CO3(83.0mg)和DMF(2.0mL)。然后用高纯氮对反应的气氛进行置换,于100℃油浴锅中反应2小时,用TLC监测反应情况,待反应完毕之后,加入乙酸乙酯萃取三次(每次用50mL乙酸乙酯),合并有机相,采用无水硫酸钠干燥、浓缩、经硅胶柱层析法分离(洗脱剂中石油醚与乙酸乙酯的体积比为石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=100:1),产物为黄色固体,产率88%。
1HNMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ=7.55(d,J=7.5Hz,1H),7.40-7.36(m,2H),7.21-7.18(m,1H),7.14(q,J=7.5Hz,2H),2.53(s,3H),2.22(s,3H);13CNMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ=195.4,143.7,142.5,134.8,134.4,134.1,130.8,128.3,123.7,119.5,117.4,19.2,13.4.
实施例12
在干燥的25mLSchlenk管中加入2-溴苯甲酰甲酸(0.24mmol,54.7mg),1-氯-3-碘-2-甲苯(0.2mmol,50.4mg),PdCl2(1.8mg),NBE(37.7mg),PPh3(5.2mg),K2CO3(83.0mg)和DMF(2.0mL)。然后用高纯氮对反应的气氛进行置换,于100℃油浴锅中反应2小时,用TLC监测反应情况,待反应完毕之后,加入乙酸乙酯萃取三次(每次用50mL乙酸乙酯),合并有机相,采用无水硫酸钠干燥、浓缩、经硅胶柱层析法分离(洗脱剂中石油醚与乙酸乙酯的体积比为石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=100:1),产物为黄色固体,产率76%。
1HNMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ=7.59(d,J=7.5Hz,1H),7.45(t,J=7.5Hz,1H),7.40(d,J=7.5Hz,1H),7.30-7.26(m,1H),7.23(s,1H),6.99(s,1H),2.56(s,3H);13CNMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ=193.5,146.4,142.5,140.8,140.0,134.5,134.3,131.2,129.5,129.1,123.9,120.2,118.4,17.5.
实施例13
在干燥的25mLSchlenk管中加入2-溴苯甲酰甲酸(0.24mmol,54.7mg),1-碘-4-甲氧基-2甲苯(0.2mmol,49.6mg),PdCl2(1.8mg),NBE(37.7mg),PPh3(5.2mg),K2CO3(83.0mg)和DMF(2.0mL)。然后用高纯氮对反应的气氛进行置换,于100℃油浴锅中反应2小时,用TLC监测反应情况,待反应完毕之后,加入乙酸乙酯萃取三次(每次用50mL乙酸乙酯),合并有机相,采用无水硫酸钠干燥、浓缩、经硅胶柱层析法分离(洗脱剂中石油醚与乙酸乙酯的体积比为石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=30:1),产物为黄色固体,产率83%。
1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ=7.55(d,J=7.5Hz,1H),7.41-7.37(m,2H),7.26-7.22(m,1H),6.78(d,J=2.0Hz,1H),6.42(d,J=1.5Hz,1H),3.84(s,3H),2.55(s,3H);13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ=193.4,164.4,147.2,142.7,141.6,135.5,133.6,128.9,124.3,123.2,119.7,114.9,104.9,55.5,18.0.
实施例14
在干燥的25mL Schlenk管中加入2-溴苯甲酰甲酸(0.24mmol,54.7mg),1-碘萘(0.2mmol,50.8mg),PdCl2(1.8mg),NBE(37.7mg),PPh3(5.2mg),K2CO3(83.0mg)和DMF(2.0mL)。然后用高纯氮对反应的气氛进行置换,于100℃油浴锅中反应2小时,用TLC监测反应情况,待反应完毕之后,加入乙酸乙酯萃取三次(每次用50mL乙酸乙酯),合并有机相,采用无水硫酸钠干燥、浓缩、经硅胶柱层析法分离(洗脱剂中石油醚与乙酸乙酯的体积比为石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=100:1),产物为黄色固体,产率96%。
1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ=7.55(d,J=7.5Hz,1H),7.41-7.37(m,2H),7.26-7.22(m,1H),6.78(d,J=2.0Hz,1H),6.42(d,J=1.5Hz,1H),3.84(s,3H),2.55(s,3H);13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ=193.4,164.4,147.2,142.7,141.6,135.5,133.6,128.9,124.3,123.2,119.7,114.9,104.9,55.5,18.0.
实施例15
在干燥的25mL Schlenk管中加入2-溴苯甲酰甲酸(0.24mmol,54.7mg),5-碘喹啉(0.2mmol,50.1mg),PdCl2(1.8mg),NBE(37.7mg),PPh3(5.2mg),K2CO3(83.0mg)和DMF(2.0mL)。然后用高纯氮对反应的气氛进行置换,于100℃油浴锅中反应2小时,用TLC监测反应情况,待反应完毕之后,加入乙酸乙酯萃取三次(每次用50mL乙酸乙酯),合并有机相,采用无水硫酸钠干燥、浓缩、经硅胶柱层析法分离(洗脱剂中石油醚与乙酸乙酯的体积比为石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=10:1),产物为黄色固体,产率85%。
1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ=9.11-9.09(m,1H),8.80(dd,J=4.0,2.0Hz,1H),8.13(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.73(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),7.52(d,J=7.0Hz,1H),7.41-7.37(m,3H),7.25-7.21(m,1H);13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ=194.3,150.7,148.5,146.0,143.1,136.6,134.3,134.3,132.1,129.4,126.8,125.4,123.9,123.7,121.2,120.2.
实施例16
在干燥的25mLSchlenk管中加入2-溴苯甲酰甲酸(0.24mmol,54.7mg),5-碘异喹啉(0.2mmol,50.1mg),PdCl2(1.8mg),NBE(37.7mg),PPh3(5.2mg),K2CO3(83.0mg)和DMF(2.0mL)。然后用高纯氮对反应的气氛进行置换,于100℃油浴锅中反应2小时,用TLC监测反应情况,待反应完毕之后,加入乙酸乙酯萃取三次(每次用50mL乙酸乙酯),合并有机相,采用无水硫酸钠干燥、浓缩、经硅胶柱层析法分离(洗脱剂中石油醚与乙酸乙酯的体积比为石油醚∶乙酸乙酯=10:1),产物为黄色固体,产率80%。
1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ=9.16(s,1H),8.61-8.55(m,2H),8.09(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.73(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.62(d,J=7.0Hz,1H),7.52-7.46(m,2H),7.34(d,J=7.3Hz,1H);13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ=194.1,152.8,149.9,145.9,142.8,135.7,134.4,134.4,132.2,130.3,129.2,125.8,124.1,120.7,119.4,116.8.
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施例,不用于限制本发明,特别指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明技术原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和变型,这些改进和变型也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (9)

1.一种利用Catellani策略制备芴酮衍生物的方法,其特征在于:保护性气氛下,以式I所示的芳基碘为起始物,2-(2-卤苯基)-2-氧代乙酸作为偶联试剂,在钯催化剂、助催化剂、碱和溶剂的共同作用下,于80~120℃反应即得芴酮衍生物,反应式如式(1)所示:
其中,芳基碘中的R1为C1~C10的烷基、C1~C10的烷氧基、卤素、氰基、三氟甲基、苯基或取代苯基,所述取代苯基为含C1~C10的烷基、C1~C10的烷氧基、卤素取代基、氰基、三氟甲基中至少一种取代基的苯基;R2为氢、C1~C10的烷基、C1~C10的烷氧基或卤素;
所述2-(2-卤苯基)-2-氧代乙酸中的X为溴;R3为氢;所述的助催化剂选自降冰片烯或降冰片二烯;所述反应中还添加有膦配体。
2.根据权利要求1所述的利用Catellani策略制备芴酮衍生物的方法,其特征在于:芳基碘中的R1为甲基、乙基、异丙基、甲氧基、氯、氟、三氟甲基或苯基;R2为氢、甲基、甲氧基或氯。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的利用Catellani策略制备芴酮衍生物的方法,其特征在于:所述的钯催化剂选自醋酸钯、氯化钯、双(三苯基膦)氯化钯(Ⅱ)、1,1'-双二苯基膦二茂铁二氯化钯、双二亚苄基丙酮钯或四(三苯基膦)钯中的一种或几种,钯催化剂的用量为起始物物质的量的1-10%。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的利用Catellani策略制备芴酮衍生物的方法,其特征在于:所述的助催化剂的用量为起始物物质的量的100-300%。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的利用Catellani策略制备芴酮衍生物的方法,其特征在于:所述的膦配体为三苯基膦、三叔丁基膦或2-双环己基膦-2’,4’,6’-三异丙基联苯,膦配体的用量为起始物物质的量的5-20%。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的利用Catellani策略制备芴酮衍生物的方法,其特征在于:所述的碱为碳酸钾、碳酸钠、磷酸钾、叔丁醇钾、叔丁醇钠或碳酸铯中的一种或者几种,碱的用量为起始物物质的量的200-500%。
7.根据权利要求1或2所述的利用Catellani策略制备芴酮衍生物的方法,其特征在于:所述溶剂为乙腈、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、二甲基亚砜和甲苯中的一种或几种。
8.根据权利要求7所述的利用Catellani策略制备芴酮衍生物的方法,其特征在于:所述溶剂为N,N-二甲基甲酰胺。
9.根据权利要求1或2所述的利用Catellani策略制备芴酮衍生物的方法,其特征在于:所述保护性气氛为氮气、氩气或氦气气氛。
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