CN116492476A - 细菌T6SS核心组分VgrG作为药物递送载体的构建方法 - Google Patents
细菌T6SS核心组分VgrG作为药物递送载体的构建方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种细菌T6SS核心组分VgrG作为药物递送载体的构建方法,属于生物技术领域。本发明通过实验证明,蛋白质类药物与VgrG的融合蛋白可以在细菌内表达和合成,并通过搭载上述T6SS核心组分被分泌到胞外。该药物分泌体系在向真核细胞和生物体内输送大分子药物方面具有重要的应用潜力。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生物技术领域,涉及一种细菌VI型分泌系统(T6SS)核心组分VgrG作为药物递送载体的构建方法;尤其涉及一种T6SS核心组分VgrG分泌蛋白质类药物的体系的构建方法。
背景技术
近年来,制药行业趋向于复杂的大分子疗法,大分子药物包括基于蛋白质的疗法,如抗体、激素、生长因子和细胞因子,以及基于核酸的疗法,如短干涉RNA、DNA/RNA疫苗和基因疗法。大分子药物的分子大小和复杂性使其具有高度的特异性,因此与小分子药物相比,大分子药物具有更强的效力和更少的副作用。尽管如此,大分子药物仍然面临着小分子药物所没有的几个重大挑战,其中需要解决的关键问题之一就是药物的高效递送策略。
大分子药物往往极易在胃和肠道中降解,导致这些药物的剂型受到了限制,通常只能作为注射剂来使用,方便程度远低于口服;此外分子量太大和亲水性极大地限制了其对生物膜的渗透,从而导致生物利用度低。
细菌作为单细胞、结构简单的原核生物,种类和代谢类型多种多样,其生长速度快,便于大规模培养,其基因表达的调控机制研究的较为透彻,易于进行遗传操作,获得各类突变株。利用细菌作为药物的递送载体,则可以解决大分子药物在工业生产中的提纯和药物稳定性方面的困难,还可以按需对目的蛋白进行改造和修饰,从而改进药物的作用效果。其次,随着对细菌与自然宿主对抗机制了解的深入,研究者已发现多种细菌具有的独特的分泌系统,可以将目的蛋白直接递送到靶细胞的细胞质中,VI型分泌系统(T6SS)便是其中之一。T6SS是由13个组件组装成的一个大型复合体,主要位于细菌的细胞质内,其核心分泌装置包括Hcp六聚体组成的分泌内管,由TssB和TssC蛋白(也称为VipA和VipB)组成的收缩鞘以及VgrG和PAAR在Hcp管的顶端形成一个“尖刺”。鞘收缩时,Hcp管和尖端蛋白会刺穿细胞膜,被注射到靶细胞中。目前,已有研究将内酰胺酶与T6SS融合并成功用于真核细胞的传递试验。此外,还有研究利用霍乱弧菌(Vibrio cholerae)的T6SS成功地将Cre重组酶传递给受体细菌对其进行基因编辑,而不需要将外源DNA引入受体细菌,该系统还能够将外源抗菌毒素TseC注射到相邻的绿脓假单胞菌(Pseudomonas aeruginosa)中将其杀死。但目前并没有利用T6SS递送已上市或在研的多肽和蛋白质类药物的相关报道。
发明内容
基于以上技术问题,本发明的目的在于一种细菌T6SS核心组分VgrG作为药物递送载体的构建方法。
本发明的目的可以通过以下技术方案实现:
第一方面,本发明提供一种VI型分泌系统T6SS核心组分VgrG作为蛋白质类药物载体的构建方法,所述构建方法包括:在霍乱弧菌V52菌株中,转入将VgrG自身所连接的效应蛋白序列替换为目的药物序列的质粒,即获得分泌蛋白质类药物的体系。
作为本发明的一个实施方案,所述霍乱弧菌V52菌株是以霍乱弧菌RHH V52为原始菌株,失活突变了数个T6SS毒性蛋白的突变菌株。所述数个T6SS毒性蛋白包括TseL,VasX,TseH和VgrG1。在一个具体实施示例中,所述霍乱弧菌V52菌株是以霍乱弧菌V52“RHH”(ΔhlyA(VCA0219),ΔhapA(VCA0865),ΔrtxA(VC1451))为原始菌株,将效应蛋白TseL(VC1418)第425位的天冬氨酸突变为丙氨酸,并将效应蛋白TseH(VCA0285)第64位的组氨酸突变为丙氨酸,且敲除了效应蛋白VasX(VCA0020)第852-867位的16个氨基酸,敲除VgrG1(VC1416)的C端肌动蛋白交联结构域(C-terminal actin crosslinking domain,ACD)第716-1149位共434个氨基酸得到的菌株作为背景菌株。
作为本发明的一个实施方案,以pBAD33质粒骨架作为载体,将VgrG所连接的效应蛋白序列替换为目的蛋白序列;质粒通过电转导入霍乱弧菌V52背景菌株中,通过PCR鉴定,挑选出导入了正确质粒的菌株。
所述构建方法包括如下步骤:
S1、以质粒pBAD33-VgrG3(1-645aa)-Cre-3V5为模板进行PCR扩增,获得载体pBAD33-VgrG3(1-645aa)-3V5;
S2、将目的蛋白片段克隆到载体pBAD33-VgrG3(1-645aa)-3V5中,得到pBAD33-VgrG3(1-645aa)-X-3V5质粒,其中X指代目的药物序列;
S3、pBAD33-VgrG3(1-645aa)-X-3V5质粒转入所述霍乱弧菌V52菌株,得到VgrG-X融合蛋白表达菌株。
作为本发明的一个实施方案,步骤S1中,扩增采用的引物为pBAD33-VgrG3-linker-R和pBAD33-VgrG3-V5-F。
作为本发明的一个实施方案,步骤S2中,扩增目的片段采用的引物为VgrG3-X-F和X-V5-R。
作为本发明的一个实施方案,所述目的药物为DNA长度大于100bp的药物。包括Lixisenatide、Lunasin、Lepirudin、Ecallantide、Mecasermin、Glatiramer、Proinsulin、Becaplermin、PDCD5、Sargramostim、Aldesleukin、Metreleptin、Anakinra、Tasonermin、Filgrastim、Oprelvekin、Somatotropin、Dulaglutide、Rasburicase、Parkin、Denileukindiftitox、Tenecteplase和Albiglutide。
第二方面,本发明提供一种所述构建方法构建得到的VgrG携带药物的分泌体系。
作为本发明的一个实施方案,目的药物与VgrG的融合蛋白能够在菌体内表达和合成。
作为本发明的一个实施方案,目的药物通过搭载VgrG,被分泌到细菌胞外。
第三方面,本发明提供一种药物组合物,是在药学上可接受的制剂中加入所述的分泌体系。
作为本发明的一个实施方案,该组合物为(口服的)液体剂型。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下有益效果:
(1)T6SS能够以自然构象分泌底物蛋白,该能力尤其适用于不太容易展开和重折叠的蛋白质;
(2)T6SS能运载的蛋白的大小范围也相对更宽,能够不受管状结构内径大小的限制,达到1600个氨基酸,200kD左右;
(3)T6SS能够利用其多个蛋白运载途径同时分泌多种蛋白;
(4)T6SS能够直接将效应蛋白注射到所接触的原核和真核细胞中,而不需要细胞表面上有相应的受体;
(5)基于上述分泌方式和特点,T6SS在合成生物学、抗耐药病原菌和全健康上具有极为广泛的潜在应用价值;
(6)需要时,可在药学上可接受的制剂中加入该药物转运体系,制备成可口服的液体剂型。
附图说明
通过阅读参照以下附图对非限制性实施例所作的详细描述,本发明的其它特征、目的和优点将会变得更明显:
图1所示为分泌量较多的融合蛋白的Western blot检测结果,RNA聚合酶亚基RpoB用来指示相等的蛋白上样量和细菌裂解情况,WT:V.cholerae V52 rhh vipA-mCherry,tseLD425A,vasXΔ16,tseHH64A,vgrG1ΔACD,ΔtssM:V.cholerae V52 rhhΔtssM。
图2所示为分泌量较少的融合蛋白的Western blot检测结果,RNA聚合酶亚基RpoB用来指示相等的蛋白上样量和细菌裂解情况,WT:V.cholerae V52 rhh vipA-mCherry,tseLD425A,vasXΔ16,tseHH64A,vgrG1ΔACD,ΔtssM:V.cholerae V52 rhhΔtssM。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明进行详细说明。以下实施例将有助于本领域的技术人员进一步理解本发明,但不以任何形式限制本发明。应当指出的是,对本领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,还可以做出若干调整和改进。这些都属于本发明的保护范围。
本发明实施例提供VI型分泌系统(T6SS)核心组分VgrG分泌多肽和蛋白质类药物的体系的构建方法。
选择V.cholerae V52作为载体细菌,将DNA长度大于100bp的蛋白与VgrG尖端蛋白融合。
本发明以pBAD33质粒骨架(L-阿拉伯糖诱导型)作为载体,将细菌VgrG自身所连接的效应蛋白序列替换为目的蛋白序列。质粒通过电转导入V.cholerae V52中,通过PCR鉴定,挑选出导入了正确质粒的菌株。
表达目的药物与VgrG融合蛋白的菌株,需要向菌液中加入L-阿拉伯糖诱导基因的表达,在30℃水浴中分泌1h。通过离心分离菌体和上清,对上清进行TCA沉淀。分别处理之后,通过Western blot检测,证明了T6SS能够携带多肽/蛋白质类药物并分泌到胞外。
本发明实施例涉及的具体培养基配方和培养条件:
本发明中所有菌株均培养于LB培养基(胰蛋白胨10g/L,酵母提取物5g/L,氯化钠5g/L)中,37℃条件下进行培养。不含NaCl的LB培养基(胰蛋白胨10g/L,酵母提取物5g/L)用于筛选质粒抗性丢失的菌株,使用前加入终浓度为6%的蔗糖,并置于22℃培养。抗生素使用浓度如下:100μg/mL链霉素(streptomycin),50μg/mL卡那霉素(kanamycin),2.5μg/mL氯霉素(chloramphenicol)。
本发明中能够被分泌的药物信息如表1所示:
表1本发明中能够被分泌的药物
本发明中用到的菌株如表2所示:
表2本发明所用菌株
*X表示药物名称
1.Pukatzki,S.,et al.Identification of a conserved bacterial proteinsecretion system in Vibrio cholerae using the Dictyostelium host modelsystem.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A.103,1528-33(2006).
2.Hersch,S.J.,et al.Envelope stress responses defend against type sixsecretion system attacks independently of immunity proteins.Nat Microbiol.5,706-14(2020).
3.Blodgett,J.A.,et al.Unusual transformations in the biosynthesis ofthe antibiotic phosphinothricin tripeptide.Nat Chem Biol.3,480-5(2007).
本发明中用到的引物如表3所示:
表3本发明所用引物
本发明中用到的质粒如表4所示:
表4本发明所用质粒
*X表示药物名称
4.Philippe,N.,et al.Improvement of pCVD442,a suicide plasmid for geneallele exchange in bacteria.Plasmid.51,246-55(2004).
5.Hersch,S.J.,L.Lam,and T.G.Dong.Engineered Type Six SecretionSystems Deliver Active Exogenous Effectors and Cre Recombinase.mBio.12,e0111521(2021).
本发明构建的融合蛋白序列如表5所示:
表5本发明的融合蛋白序列
实施例1:VgrG-X融合蛋白表达菌株的构建(X表示药物名称)
背景菌株的获得:
背景菌株是在本实验室已发表研究2中的菌株基础上构建获得的。该菌株是在原始霍乱弧菌“RHH”(ΔhlyA(VCA0219),ΔhapA(VCA0865),ΔrtxA(VC1451))V52菌株中,将效应蛋白TseL(VC1418)第425位的天冬氨酸突变为丙氨酸,并将效应蛋白TseH(VCA0285)第64位的组氨酸突变为丙氨酸,且敲除了效应蛋白VasX(VCA0020)第852-867位的16个氨基酸,并用荧光蛋白mCherry融合到T6SS鞘蛋白VipA(VCA0107)的C末端,得到了突变3个毒性效应蛋白活性位点并荧光标记了T6SS管鞘的菌株。本发明在此菌株的基础上,以菌株V52 RHH为模板,使用表3中的VC1416 dACD-KO-1和VC1416 dACD-KO-2引物扩增基因组中vgrG1(VC1416)ACD序列的上游同源臂,使用VC1416 dACD-KO-3和VC1416 dACD-KO-4引物扩增基因组中vgrG1 ACD序列的下游同源臂,再同时以该上、下游同源臂为模板,使用引物VC1416dACD-KO-1和VC1416 dACD-KO-4将上下游同源臂扩增连接到一起,将连接后的同源臂片段用Gibson组装的方法克隆到自杀型质粒pDS132中,通过PCR(引物为表3中的pDS132-F和pDS132-R)和Sanger测序验证质粒是否正确。将验证正确的质粒转化到大肠杆菌WM6026中,形成接合转移的供体菌。将过夜培养的供体菌株与上述已发表研究中的V52菌株分别用100μl LB悬浮,1:1混合后点在含有100μg/mL DAP的固体LB培养基上,37℃共培养3h后,刮取菌体并重悬到500μl LB中,37℃,950r.p.m.恢复培养1h后涂布在含有100μg/mL链霉素和50μg/mL卡那霉素的LB固体平板上,37℃过夜培养,挑取接合转移子到500μl无抗LB中松弛培养4h,再涂布至含有6%蔗糖且无NaCl的LB平板上。22℃培养2d后,利用PCR(引物为表3中的VC1416 dACD-KO-5和VC1416 dACD-KO-6)和Sanger测序验证突变菌株是否正确,最终得到背景菌株V52 rhh,vipA-mCherry,tseLD425A,vasXΔ16,tseHH64A,vgrG1ΔACD。
1.pBAD33-VgrG3(1-645aa)-X-3V5质粒的构建
以表3中的pBAD33-VgrG3-linker-R和pBAD33-VgrG3-V5-F为引物,以质粒pBAD33-VgrG3(1-645aa)-Cre-3V5为模板进行PCR扩增,获得载体pBAD33-VgrG3(1-645aa)-3V5。以表3中的VgrG3-X-F和X-V5-R为引物,以质粒pET22b-X-His为模板,PCR扩增质粒上的目的蛋白片段。利用Gibson组装的方法将目的蛋白片段克隆到载体pBAD33-VgrG3(1-645aa)-3V5中,通过PCR(引物为表3中的pBAD-F和pBAD-R)和Sanger测序验证质粒是否正确。
2.VgrG-X融合蛋白表达菌株的构建
过夜培养的背景V52霍乱弧菌,按照1:50的比例转接到10mL含有100μg/mL链霉素的LB培养基中,37℃,200r.p.m.培养至OD600=0.6。在4℃下,2,500×g离心8min,去掉上清。于冰上加入5mL预冷的10%[w/v]蔗糖溶液重悬菌体,在4℃下,2,500×g离心8min,去掉上清,再重复上述操作一遍。于冰上加入500μL 10%[w/v]冰蔗糖溶液重悬菌体,以50μL/管分装至预冷的1.5mL EP管,分别加入预冷的BAD33-VgrG3(1-645aa)-X-3V5质粒5μL,转移到2mm冷却的电转杯中,以1.8kV电压进行电转,并快速加入600μL预冷的无抗LB重悬菌液,在37℃培养1h。恢复培养后,吸取200μL菌液涂于含有100μg/mL链霉素和2.5μg/mL氯霉素的LB平板上,37℃培养至长出明显单克隆。
实施例2:VgrG-X融合蛋白分泌情况的检测(X表示药物名称)
1.诱导融合蛋白分泌实验
将表达融合蛋白的霍乱弧菌在含有100μg/mL链霉素和2.5μg/mL氯霉素的LB固体平板37℃过夜培养,第二天刮取适量的菌体重悬到500L含有100μg/mL链霉素和2.5μg/mL氯霉素的LB培养基中,37℃,950r.p.m.培养1h。将300L菌液转接到30mL含有100μg/mL链霉素和2.5μg/mL氯霉素的LB培养基中,30℃,200r.p.m.培养至培养至OD600=0.8-1.0。在室温下,2,500×g离心5min收集5mL菌液的菌体沉淀,使用2mL含有0.1%[w/v]阿拉伯糖的LB培养基重悬菌体沉淀后,30℃水浴孵育1h。孵育结束后,菌液于室温下10,000×g离心2min,菌体沉淀使用600L新鲜LB培养基重悬,作为全细胞样品;上清继续于室温下10,000×g离心2min,取1.6mL上清置于冰上冷却5min,再加入预冷的0.4mL 100%[w/v]三氯乙酸(TCA),混匀后放在-20℃沉淀处理,富集蛋白。
2.Western blot检测蛋白分泌
各样品中加入蛋白上样缓冲液,98℃处理10min。蛋白样品经SDS-PAGE电泳分离后转膜到PVDF膜上。使用5%[w/v]脱脂牛奶对膜进行封闭处理1h后,加入一抗孵育1h。孵育结束后,TBST(50mM Tris,150mM NaCl,0.1%[v/v]Tween-20,pH 7.6)清洗三次,在室温下二抗孵育1h。TBST清洗三次,最后使用ECL发光液进行显影。
我们选择的药物中有23种都能够被分泌,其中16种分泌结果较好(图1),7种分泌量较少(图2)。
综上所述,本发明通过实验证明,多肽或蛋白质类药物与VgrG的融合蛋白可以在细菌内表达和合成,并通过搭载上述T6SS核心组分被分泌到胞外。该药物分泌体系在向真核细胞和生物体内输送大分子药物方面具有重要的应用潜力。
以上对本发明的具体实施例进行了描述。需要理解的是,本发明并不局限于上述特定实施方式,本领域技术人员可以在权利要求的范围内做出各种变形或修改,这并不影响本发明的实质内容。
Claims (10)
1.一种以VI型分泌系统T6SS核心组分VgrG作为多肽和蛋白质类药物载体的分泌体系的构建方法,其特征在于,在霍乱弧菌V52菌株中,转入将VgrG自身所连接的效应蛋白序列替换为目的药物序列的质粒,即获得分泌多肽和蛋白质类药物的体系。
2.根据权利要求1所述的构建方法,其特征在于,所述霍乱弧菌V52菌株是以霍乱弧菌RHH V52为原始菌株,失活突变了T6SS毒性蛋白TseL,VasX,TseH和VgrG1的突变菌株。
3.根据权利要求1所述的构建方法,其特征在于,所述构建方法包括如下步骤:
S1、以质粒pBAD33-VgrG3(1-645aa)-Cre-3V5为模板进行PCR扩增,获得载体pBAD33-VgrG3(1-645aa)-3V5;
S2、将目的蛋白片段克隆到载体pBAD33-VgrG3(1-645aa)-3V5中,得到pBAD33-VgrG3(1-645aa)-X-3V5质粒,其中X指代目的药物序列;
S3、pBAD33-VgrG3(1-645aa)-X-3V5质粒转入所述霍乱弧菌V52菌株,得到VgrG-X融合蛋白表达菌株。
4.根据权利要求3所述的构建方法,其特征在于,步骤S1中,扩增采用的引物为pBAD33-VgrG3-linker-R和pBAD33-VgrG3-V5-F。
5.根据权利要求3所述的构建方法,其特征在于,步骤S2中,扩增目的片段采用的引物为VgrG3-X-F和X-V5-R。
6.根据权利要求1所述的构建方法,其特征在于,所述目的药物为DNA长度大于100bp的药物。
7.一种如权利要求1-6中任一项所述的构建方法构建得到的VgrG携带药物的分泌体系。
8.根据权利要求7所述的分泌体系,其特征在于,目的药物与VgrG的融合蛋白能够在菌体内表达和合成。
9.根据权利要求7所述的分泌体系,其特征在于,目的药物通过搭载VgrG,被分泌到细菌胞外。
10.一种药物组合物,其特征在于,在药学上可接受的制剂中加入如权利要求7所述的分泌体系。
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