CN113462711B - 结核杆菌蛋白质内含子剪接抑制剂筛选系统、构建方法及其应用 - Google Patents
结核杆菌蛋白质内含子剪接抑制剂筛选系统、构建方法及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种结核杆菌蛋白质内含子剪接抑制剂筛选系统,以耻垢分枝杆菌为模式菌,将受蛋白质内含子调控的蛋白质的基因序列插入卡那抗性蛋白基因的65S处,以具有第一抗生素抗性的载体构建重组质粒,转入耻垢分枝杆菌后于含有第一抗生素和卡那霉素的培养基中培养,得到结核杆菌蛋白质内含子剪接抑制剂筛选系统,其中,第一抗生素为非卡那霉素的任一抗生素。通过抑制intein的剪接活性影响卡那抗性蛋白活性,从而影响重组耻垢分枝杆菌在含有卡那霉素的培养基中的生长,筛选出对intein具有抑制作用的药物,实现简单、高效、快速地筛选抗结核新药。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及生物技术领域,尤其涉及一种结核杆菌蛋白质内含子剪接抑制剂筛选系统、构建方法及其应用。
背景技术
近年来,结核病与艾滋病的共感染以及多重耐药结核病的问题日益严重,使结核病的临床治疗面临巨大挑战,开发新型抗结核药物成为防治结核病的当务之急。结核杆菌(MTB)体内三种重要的酶RecA、DnaB和SufB分别受到蛋白内含子(intein)的调控,必须完成翻译后的蛋白质剪接才能发挥功能,它们对MTB的生长繁殖有重要作用。根据所插入宿主基因的不同,MTB中所含有的3个蛋白质内含子分别称为Mtu RecA、Mtu DnaB和Mtu SufB。由于蛋白内含子剪接活性中心的氨基酸具有高度保守性,因此能够抑制其中任何一个intein的活性也可能会作用于其余intein。因此,针对intein的蛋白剪接抑制剂可以成为抗结核药物新的作用靶点,并能最小化耐药突变株的发生。蛋白质内含子(intein)是存在于前体蛋白质中的一段插入序列,在蛋白质翻译后加工成熟过程中,蛋白质内含子从前体蛋白质中自我剪切,并将两侧的蛋白质外显子以天然肽键连接形成成熟的有功能的蛋白,这一过程称为蛋白质剪接。蛋白剪接只发生于细菌、古细菌和单细胞真核细胞中,不发生于高等的真核生物,因此特异性靶向intein的抑制剂对人类具有生物安全性。由于MTB具有高度的传染性(BSL-3)和较长的生长周期(100天),使得直接应用MTB来筛选针对intein的抗结核新药的研究受到了极大的限制。已经报道的蛋白内含子抑制剂的筛选系统包括依赖于荧光蛋白的体外筛选系统和依赖于细菌胸苷酸合酶、细菌CcdB毒素以及细菌DNA解旋酶亚单位A的体内筛选系统,但体外筛选系统需要将蛋白纯化出来进行体外筛选,操作复杂、耗时费力;而其他的筛选系统均以大肠杆菌为宿主,筛选结果差异性较大,同时已报道的筛选系统intein都具有较低的剪接活性,导致筛选灵敏度较低。因此,建立一个简单可靠的蛋白质内含子抑制剂的筛选系统势在必行。
发明内容
为解决上述技术问题,本发明提供了一种结核杆菌蛋白质内含子剪接抑制剂筛选系统,通过抑制intein的剪接活性影响卡那抗性蛋白活性,从而影响耻垢分枝杆菌在含有卡那霉素的培养基中的生长。通过观察耻垢分枝杆菌的生长情况,筛选出对intein具有抑制作用的药物,实现简单、高效、快速地筛选剪接抑制剂或抗结核新药。
本发明的一种结核杆菌蛋白质内含子剪接抑制剂筛选系统,以耻垢分枝杆菌为模式菌,将受蛋白质内含子调控的蛋白质的基因序列插入卡那抗性蛋白基因的65S处,以具有第一抗生素抗性的载体构建重组质粒,转入耻垢分枝杆菌后于含有第一抗生素和卡那霉素的培养基中培养,得到结核杆菌蛋白质内含子剪接抑制剂筛选系统,其中,受蛋白质内含子调控的蛋白质选自结核杆菌RecA intein、DnaB intein或SufB intein的全长或微型片段,第一抗生素为非卡那霉素的任一抗生素。
本发明申请中,微型片段(mini型)指将全长型intein的归巢核酸内切酶活性去除仅保留其剪接活性区域。
本发明采用的耻垢分枝杆菌(Msm)与结核杆菌基因具有高度的相似性,且具有生长速度快(3-5天)、传染性低(BSL-l)、菌体基因组中不含有intein序列的特点,因此以耻垢分枝杆菌为模式生物,外源导入依赖卡那霉素抗性的蛋白内含子剪接抑制剂筛选系统,模拟结核杆菌建立一个快速筛选剪接抑制剂或抗结核药物的体内筛选体系。向筛选系统的培养基中加入intein抑制剂,由于intein的剪接活性被抑制,导致卡那抗性蛋白的活性无法恢复,因此耻垢分枝杆菌将不能在含有卡那霉素的培养基中生长。
针对现有以大肠杆菌为模式菌的筛选系统存在筛选结果灵敏度、特异性不强造成的假阳性或漏选的问题,本发明的创新点在于:(1)蛋白质内含子的剪接活性受宿主菌的影响较大,在大肠杆菌等模式菌中能够剪接的位点不一定适用于耻垢分枝杆菌。而本发明将蛋白质内含子基因序列插入到卡那霉素抗性蛋白中既要能保证卡那霉素抗性蛋白的活性遭到破坏,又要保证intein在此位点具有一定的剪接活性,能够发生蛋白质剪接重建卡那霉素抗性蛋白的活性,为此发明人经过不同位点的尝试,发现65S位点处具有较优效果,且剪切活性最高;(2)以大肠杆菌为模式菌的筛选系统中,分别插入Rec A intein的全长型和微型(mini型),结果表明全长型的剪接效率大约在30%左右,而mini型几乎没有剪接活性。在实际应用中,将全长型intein的归巢核酸内切酶活性去除仅保留其剪接活性区域构建为mini型intein,可以大大缩短intein的序列,有利于基因的构建和表达;(3)本发明的筛选系统中,在65S位点处插入了Rec A intein的mini型,mini型的剪接效率大大提高,可以达到90%左右,剪接效率的提高有利于提高筛选系统的灵敏性,说明intein更适合在耻垢分枝杆菌内发挥活性。因此以耻垢分枝杆菌为宿主的筛选系统,筛选结果更可靠,从而筛选出对intein具有特异性抑制作用的抗结核新药。
进一步地,本发明所使用的载体包括但不限于PMV261载体。
本发明上述筛选系统的构建方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将受蛋白质内含子调控的蛋白质的基因序列插入卡那抗性蛋白基因的65S处,构建融合基因;
(2)将步骤(1)的融合基因构建于具有第一抗生素抗性的载体中,得到重组质粒;
(3)将步骤(2)的重组质粒转入耻垢分枝杆菌,得到重组耻垢分枝杆菌;
(4)将步骤(3)的重组耻垢分枝杆菌接种于含有第一抗生素和卡那霉素的培养基中,得到结核杆菌蛋白质内含子剪接抑制剂筛选系统。
进一步地,在步骤(2)中,融合基因和载体的酶切位点均为BamHI和HindIII。
进一步地,在步骤(4)中,培养基中卡那霉素的浓度为30-50μg/mL,优选为50μg/mL。此浓度范围对intein的剪接有抑制活性,浓度太低会导致筛选不敏感,浓度太高会影响耻垢分枝杆菌的生长。
进一步地,在步骤(4)中,培养基中第一抗生素的浓度为40-60μg/mL。
本发明要求保护上述筛选系统在筛选结核杆菌蛋白质内含子剪接抑制剂中的应用,包括以下步骤:向筛选系统中加入结核杆菌蛋白质内含子剪接抑制剂,根据重组耻垢分枝杆菌的生长情况对结核杆菌蛋白质内含子剪接抑制剂进行高通量筛选。
进一步地,结核杆菌蛋白质内含子剪接抑制剂的浓度为1-100μM。
进一步地,加入结核杆菌蛋白质内含子剪接抑制剂后培养90-110h。使耻垢分支杆菌生长到合适的浓度,便于OD值检测。
进一步地,通过检测菌液OD值,筛选出对intein具有剪接抑制作用的抑制剂。
本发明还要求保护上述筛选系统在筛选抗结核药物中的应用。
借由上述方案,本发明至少具有以下优点:
(1)本发明以结核分枝杆菌为模式菌建立依赖卡那霉素抗性的筛选系统,配合合适的剪接位点,对全长型及mini型intein均有较高的剪接活性,突破了现有筛选系统对mini型intein无剪接活性或剪接活性较低的局限,提高了筛选系统的灵敏度和准确性。
(2)本发明提出一种蛋白质内含子抑制剂的筛选系统,此策略可应用至其它物质或药物的筛选中。
上述说明仅是本发明技术方案的概述,为了能够更清楚了解本发明的技术手段,并可依照说明书的内容予以实施,以下以本发明的较佳实施例并配合详细附图说明如后。
附图说明
为了使本发明的内容更容易被清楚的理解,下面根据本发明的具体实施例并结合附图,对本发明作进一步详细的说明。
图1为质粒PMV261-KanaR和质粒PMV261-KanaR-65S-RecA intein的构建过程示意图;
图2为含有质粒PMV261-KanaR-65S-RecA intein的耻垢分枝杆菌在不同卡那霉素浓度下的菌液OD600以及加入20uM的顺铂对其生长的影响;
图3为分别含有质粒PMV261-KanaR-65S-RecA intein和PMV261-KanaR的耻垢分枝杆菌在50ug/ml卡那中加入不同浓度的顺铂对其生长的影响;
图4为含有质粒PMV261-KanaR-65S-RecA intein分别在卡那浓度25ug/ml和50ug/ml中intein剪接效率的Western-blot结果。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明,以使本领域的技术人员可以更好地理解本发明并能予以实施,但所举实施例不作为对本发明的限定。
实施例1
分别以PKH-KanaR和PKH-KanaR-65s-RecAmini-intein质粒为模板扩增卡那抗性基因(KanaR)以及KanaR-RecA mini-intein的融合基因,引物两边分别添加HindIII和BamHI酶切位点,PCR产物经过HindIII和BamHI双酶切后,分别与经过同样酶切的载体PMV261连接,构建质粒PMV261-KanaR和质粒PMV261-KanaR-65S-RecA intein(示意图如图1),并将质粒分别电转于耻垢分枝杆菌中,通过潮霉素筛选阳性克隆。
实施例2
挑取含有质粒PMV261-KanaR-65S-RecA intein的阳性克隆转接于含有潮霉素抗性的培养基中扩大培养,置于37℃耻垢专用培养箱内静置培养3-4天,待菌液OD值达到0.8左右时,取菌液以1:100的比例转接到5ml新鲜的含不同卡那浓度(10-100ug/ml)的液体培养基内,培养100h后检测OD值,得到不同卡那霉素浓度对耻垢分枝杆菌生长的影响(见图2,No Cisplatin)。同时检测在不同卡那霉素浓度下(10-100ug/ml)加入终浓度为20uM的顺铂对耻垢分枝杆菌生长的影响(见图2,20μM Cisplatin)。
图2结果表明,卡那霉素浓度低于50ug/ml时,对耻垢分枝杆菌生长影响较小,大于50ug/ml则影响较大;加入20uM顺铂后,随着卡那霉素浓度的增加,抑制作用也逐渐增强,因此在后续筛选系统中优选卡那霉素浓度为50ug/ml。
实施例3
为了检测顺铂对耻垢分枝杆菌生长的抑制作用是特异性的作用于intein,以含有质粒PMV261-KanaR的耻垢分枝杆菌为对照组,检测在50ug/ml卡那霉素浓度下不同浓度的顺铂对其生长的影响。将扩大培养的分别含有PMV261-KanaR和PMV261-KanaR-65S-RecAintein的耻垢分枝杆菌以1:100转接到5ml含有双抗生素Hyg+kana+(50ug/ml)的培养基中,并分别加入不同浓度的顺铂(0-20uM),置于37℃培养箱内静置培养100h后,通过检测菌液OD600值来验证此剪接系统的可行性(图3)。
图3结果表明,随着顺铂浓度的增加,含有质粒PMV261-KanaR-65S-RecA intein的耻垢分枝杆菌生长抑制作用逐渐增强,在20uM时抑制率为达到62%,而含有对照组质粒的耻垢分枝杆菌受到抑制作用较缓和,在20uM时抑制率只有14%,说明顺铂特异性的抑制了intein的剪接,从而影响耻垢分枝杆菌在卡那霉素抗性培养基中的生长,从而表明此发明中的筛选系统是可行的,可以特异性筛选出对intein有抑制作用的药物。
实施例4
为了检测RecA intein的mini型在耻垢分枝杆菌中的剪接活性,分别取在25ug/ml和50ug/ml卡那霉素抗性培养基中生长的耻垢分枝杆菌,通过Western blot检测其剪接活性(图4)。
图4结果表明RecA intein的mini型在卡那霉素抗性65S位点处,以耻垢分枝杆菌为宿主具有较高的剪接效率,可达90%左右,从而使得筛选系统具有较高的灵敏度。
通过以上实验结果,表明本发明所构建的一种针对结核杆菌intein抑制剂的筛选方法,在50ug/ml的卡那霉素浓度下,加入顺铂抑制剂表现出对intein的特异性抑制,充分说明用本发明的筛选系统可以直观、快速、简便的筛选出对intein剪接有抑制活性的物质。
显然,上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明所作的举例,并非对实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说,在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。而由此所引申出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明创造的保护范围之中。
Claims (10)
1.一种结核杆菌蛋白质内含子剪接抑制剂筛选系统,其特征在于:以耻垢分枝杆菌为模式菌,将受蛋白质内含子调控的蛋白质的基因序列插入卡那抗性蛋白基因的65S处,以具有第一抗生素抗性的载体构建重组质粒,转入耻垢分枝杆菌后于含有第一抗生素和卡那霉素的培养基中培养,得到所述结核杆菌蛋白质内含子剪接抑制剂筛选系统;
所述受蛋白质内含子调控的蛋白质选自结核杆菌RecA intein、DnaB intein或SufBintein的全长或微型片段;所述第一抗生素为非卡那霉素的任一抗生素。
2.根据权利要求1所述的筛选系统,其特征在于:载体为PMV261载体。
3.一种权利要求1所述的筛选系统的构建方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)将受蛋白质内含子调控的蛋白质的基因序列插入卡那抗性蛋白基因的65S处,构建融合基因;
(2)将所述融合基因构建于具有第一抗生素抗性的载体中,得到重组质粒;
(3)将所述重组质粒转入耻垢分枝杆菌,得到重组耻垢分枝杆菌;
(4)将所述重组耻垢分枝杆菌接种于含有第一抗生素和卡那霉素的培养基中,得到所述结核杆菌蛋白质内含子剪接抑制剂筛选系统。
4.根据权利要求3所述的构建方法,其特征在于:在步骤(2)中,所述融合基因和载体的酶切位点均为BamHI和HindIII。
5.根据权利要求3所述的构建方法,其特征在于:在步骤(4)中,所述培养基中,卡那霉素的浓度为30-50μg/mL。
6.根据权利要求3所述的构建方法,其特征在于:在步骤(4)中,所述培养基中,第一抗生素的浓度为40-60μg/mL。
7.权利要求1所述的筛选系统在筛选结核杆菌蛋白质内含子剪接抑制剂中的应用,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:向所述筛选系统中加入结核杆菌蛋白质内含子剪接抑制剂,根据重组耻垢分枝杆菌的生长情况对所述结核杆菌蛋白质内含子剪接抑制剂进行高通量筛选。
8.根据权利要求7所述的应用,其特征在于:根据重组耻垢分枝杆菌菌液的OD值筛选所述结核杆菌蛋白质内含子剪接抑制剂。
9.根据权利要求7所述的应用,其特征在于:加入所述结核杆菌蛋白质内含子剪接抑制剂后培养90-110h。
10.权利要求1所述的筛选系统在筛选抗结核药物中的应用。
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