CN116481072A - Heating system based on coupling of fuel cell and electric heating pump - Google Patents
Heating system based on coupling of fuel cell and electric heating pump Download PDFInfo
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- CN116481072A CN116481072A CN202310445860.5A CN202310445860A CN116481072A CN 116481072 A CN116481072 A CN 116481072A CN 202310445860 A CN202310445860 A CN 202310445860A CN 116481072 A CN116481072 A CN 116481072A
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- HEZMWWAKWCSUCB-PHDIDXHHSA-N (3R,4R)-3,4-dihydroxycyclohexa-1,5-diene-1-carboxylic acid Chemical compound O[C@@H]1C=CC(C(O)=O)=C[C@H]1O HEZMWWAKWCSUCB-PHDIDXHHSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 vibration noise Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D12/00—Other central heating systems
- F24D12/02—Other central heating systems having more than one heat source
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D18/00—Small-scale combined heat and power [CHP] generation systems specially adapted for domestic heating, space heating or domestic hot-water supply
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D19/00—Details
- F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
- F24D19/1009—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating
- F24D19/1039—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating the system uses a heat pump
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D2101/00—Electric generators of small-scale CHP systems
- F24D2101/30—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention is applicable to the field of heating systems, and provides a heating system based on coupling of a fuel cell and an electric heating pump, which comprises: the fuel cell subsystem is used for carrying out electrochemical reaction on the hydrogen and oxygen in the air and converting the electrochemical reaction into electric energy and heat energy; the electric heat pump subsystem is connected with the fuel cell subsystem, and converts low-temperature heat in the air into high-temperature heat through the electric drive compressor to heat circulating water for heat supply; the tail gas collecting subsystem is connected with the fuel cell subsystem and comprises a gas-water separator, a drainage device, an exhaust device and an electromagnetic valve; the circulating water subsystem is connected with the fuel cell subsystem and is used for conveying heat of the fuel cell and the electric heat pump to a heat user; the control subsystem is electrically connected with the fuel cell subsystem, the electric heating pump subsystem, the tail gas collecting subsystem and the circulating water subsystem.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of heating systems, and particularly relates to a heating system based on coupling of a fuel cell and an electric heating pump.
Background
At present, urban central heating mainly uses cogeneration of thermal power plants and regional boilers (electric heating pumps). The thermal power plant and the regional boiler mostly use coal, oil, natural gas and the like as energy sources, have higher carbon emission and pollutant emission, and have lower energy utilization rate; although the electric heat pump has no carbon emission, the electric heat pump has lower efficiency in winter, when the outdoor temperature is reduced to minus 10 ℃, the defrosting capacity of the electric heat pump is weakened, the pipeline and equipment can be frozen out due to improper use, and the electric heat pump cannot operate under the condition of no electricity.
With the increasing severity of environmental pollution and carbon emission, the adoption of new energy as a heating raw material becomes a hot topic. When hydrogen is used as energy, the product is only water, and no carbon emission or pollutant emission exists, so that the hydrogen is an ideal clean energy.
The method is modified to use hydrogen instead of natural gas as an energy source based on the existing technologies of a gas boiler, a gas heat pump, a gas heat engine, a direct-fired heat pump and the like, and the basic principle is that the hydrogen is directly combusted. Due to the limitation of the prior art, the direct combustion of hydrogen has the problems of unstable combustion, emission of nitrogen oxides, vibration noise, material corrosion and the like, and has a great challenge for the stable operation of equipment.
To avoid the above technical problems, it is necessary to provide a heating system based on a fuel cell and an electric heat pump coupled to overcome the drawbacks of the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a heating system based on coupling of a fuel cell and an electric heating pump, which aims to utilize clean energy hydrogen as an energy source, and realize high-efficiency and pollution-free heat supply by coupling of a fuel cell cogeneration system and an electric drive air source heat pump and heating circulating water together.
The invention is realized by a heating system based on coupling of a fuel cell and an electric heating pump, comprising:
the fuel cell subsystem is used for carrying out electrochemical reaction on the hydrogen and oxygen in the air and converting the electrochemical reaction into electric energy and heat energy;
the electric heat pump subsystem is connected with the fuel cell subsystem, and converts low-temperature heat in the air into high-temperature heat through the electric drive compressor to heat circulating water for heat supply;
the tail gas collecting subsystem is connected with the fuel cell subsystem and comprises a gas-water separator, a drainage device, an exhaust device and an electromagnetic valve, wherein the drainage device and the exhaust device are connected with the gas-water separator, the electromagnetic valve is arranged on a connecting pipeline, and the gas-water separator is connected with a tail gas pipeline of the fuel cell;
the circulating water subsystem is connected with the fuel cell subsystem and is used for conveying heat of the fuel cell and the electric heat pump to a heat user;
the control subsystem is electrically connected with the fuel cell subsystem, the electric heating pump subsystem, the tail gas collecting subsystem and the circulating water subsystem, and is used for system control, data acquisition and storage, man-machine conversation and information communication and exchange.
According to a further technical scheme, the fuel cell subsystem comprises a fuel cell stack module, a hydrogen filter, an air filter, a plate heat exchanger, a DCDC converter, an inverter and a starting power supply;
the hydrogen outlet of the hydrogen filter is connected with the hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell stack module, and the outlet of the air filter is connected with the air inlet of the fuel cell stack module; the plate heat exchanger is connected with the cooling system of the fuel cell stack module and the circulating water system; the DCDC converter is connected with the inverter;
the DC power supply output terminal of the starting power supply is connected with the DCDC converter, and the AC power supply input terminal of the starting power supply is connected with external commercial power.
According to a further technical scheme, the electric heating pump subsystem comprises a compressor, a condenser, an evaporator, a throttling device, a connecting pipeline and other refrigeration auxiliary components.
According to a further technical scheme, the circulating water subsystem comprises two circulating water pumps, a high-level water tank, an electric regulating valve, an electromagnetic valve, a manual valve, a flowmeter and a heat meter;
the two circulating water pumps are used for providing circulating power for the circulating water, and the circulating water pumps are controlled by the PLC system; the high-level water tank is connected with an inlet pipeline of the circulating water pump, and meanwhile, the high-level water tank is provided with a liquid level meter with a remote signal transmission function; an electromagnetic valve is arranged at the outlet of the circulating water pump, and an action instruction of the electromagnetic valve is logically associated with the corresponding circulating water pump; the fuel cell and the electric heat pump are provided with electric regulating valves, and the electric regulating valves respectively control the circulating water flow rate passing through the fuel cell and the electric heat pump through corresponding flow meters.
According to a further technical scheme, the control subsystem comprises a controller, a human-computer interface and a communication module;
the main controller can adopt a PLC, a general central processing unit, a micro processor or other processor modules; the human-computer interface can adopt a touch screen, an industrial tablet computer, an industrial display and other devices, and can be matched with corresponding buttons, a keyboard, an indicator light, a buzzer and other devices to form an information input and output interface;
the communication module is used for realizing communication connection and data exchange with the internal equipment or the external equipment in a wired or wireless mode.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the heating system based on the coupling of the fuel cell and the electric heating pump adopts the fuel cell and the electric heating pump as a heating device, so that the problems of unstable hydrogen combustion, nitrogen oxide emission, vibration noise and the like in the direct hydrogen burning schemes of a hydrogen energy boiler, a hydrogen heat pump, a hydrogen internal combustion engine and the like are solved;
the heating system based on the coupling of the fuel cell and the electric heating pump provided by the invention has the advantages that the fuel cell generates electricity to directly supply power to the heat pump, the problem that the electric heating pump needs to be externally connected with commercial power for heating operation is solved, and zero carbon emission is realized;
the tail exhaust gas temperature discharged by the fuel cell stack is generally between 60 ℃ and 90 ℃, the absolute pressure is between 120kPa and 280kPa, and the tail exhaust gas is discharged to the air side heat exchanger (evaporator) of the electric heating pump through the tail exhaust collecting device, so that the problems of weak defrosting capacity and frequent defrosting of the electric heating pump in a low-temperature environment are solved, and the full utilization of waste heat is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system architecture of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a main program start-up flowchart of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a promoter sequence of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a shutdown subroutine of the present invention.
In the accompanying drawings: the system comprises a fuel cell subsystem 1, an electric heating pump subsystem 2, an exhaust gas collecting subsystem 3, a circulating water subsystem 4, a fuel cell stack module 5, a gas-water separator 6 and a head tank 7.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Specific implementations of the invention are described in detail below in connection with specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, a heating system based on coupling of a fuel cell and an electric heat pump according to the present invention includes:
the fuel cell subsystem 1 is used for carrying out electrochemical reaction on hydrogen and oxygen in the air and converting the hydrogen and the oxygen into electric energy and heat energy;
the electric heat pump subsystem 2 is connected with the fuel cell subsystem 1, and the electric heat pump subsystem 2 converts low-temperature heat in the air into high-temperature heat through an electric drive compressor to heat circulating water for heat supply;
the tail gas collecting subsystem 3 is connected with the fuel cell subsystem 1, the tail gas collecting subsystem 3 comprises a gas-water separator 6, a drainage device, an exhaust device and an electromagnetic valve, the drainage device and the exhaust device are connected with the gas-water separator 6, the electromagnetic valve is arranged on a connecting pipeline, and the gas-water separator 6 is connected with a tail gas pipeline of the fuel cell;
the tail gas temperature discharged from the fuel cell stack is typically between 60 ℃ and 90 ℃ and the absolute pressure is between 120kPa and 280 kPa. The gas-water separator 6 is connected with a tail gas pipeline of the fuel cell and is responsible for separating and discharging water vapor in tail gas. The two electromagnetic valves logically interlocked with the running state of the fuel cell switch the separated tail gas into two discharge modes:
1) The solenoid valve on the right side of the gas-water separator 6 is closed in the starting stage and the stopping stage of the fuel cell, and the solenoid valve on the upper side of the gas-water separator 6 is opened to discharge tail gas to the atmosphere;
2) The right side of the gas-water separator 6 is opened in the normal operation stage of the fuel cell, the upper side of the gas-water separator 6 is closed to discharge tail gas to the running heat pump air layer heat exchanger (evaporator), the problems of weak defrosting capacity and frequent defrosting of the electric heating pump in a low-temperature environment are solved, and the full utilization of waste heat is realized.
A circulating water subsystem 4 is connected with the fuel cell subsystem 1, and the circulating water subsystem 4 is used for conveying heat of the fuel cell and the electric heat pump to a heat user.
The control subsystem is electrically connected with the fuel cell subsystem 1, the electric heating pump subsystem 2, the tail gas collecting subsystem 3 and the circulating water subsystem 4, and is used for system control, data acquisition and storage, man-machine conversation and information communication and exchange.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fuel cell subsystem 1 includes a fuel cell stack module 5, a hydrogen filter, an air filter, a plate heat exchanger, a DCDC converter, an inverter, and a start-up power source;
the hydrogen outlet of the hydrogen filter is connected with the hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell stack module 5, and the outlet of the air filter is connected with the air inlet of the fuel cell stack module 5; the plate heat exchanger is connected with the cooling system of the fuel cell stack module and the circulating water system; the DCDC converter is connected with the inverter; the DC power supply output terminal of the starting power supply is connected with the DCDC converter; the alternating current power input terminal of the starting power supply is connected with external commercial power.
The DC power supply output terminal of the starting power supply is connected with the DCDC converter, and the AC power supply input terminal of the starting power supply is connected with external commercial power.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the electric heating pump subsystem 2 includes a compressor, a condenser, an evaporator, a throttling device, a connecting pipeline and other auxiliary refrigeration components; refrigerant (also called as refrigerating medium and refrigerant) is filled in the system, the compressor drives the refrigerant to circularly flow in the system, and four working processes of compression, condensation, throttling and evaporation are completed, so that heat supply is realized.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the circulating water subsystem 4 includes a circulating water pump, a head tank 7, an electric regulating valve, a solenoid valve, a manual valve, a flow meter, and a heat meter;
the circulating water pump is used for providing circulating power for circulating water, and delivering heat of the fuel cell and the electric heat pump to a heat user, and the circulating water pump is used for one-time use and is controlled by the PLC system; the high-level water tank 7 is connected with an inlet pipeline of the circulating water pump and is used for supplementing water to the system and stabilizing the pressure of the system, and a liquid level meter with a remote signal transmission function is arranged at the same time, when the control system monitors that the liquid level of the water tank is lower than an alarm value, an electromagnetic valve is opened to fill water into the high-level water tank 7; the electromagnetic valve and the electromagnetic valve are respectively a circulating water pump and a circulating water pump outlet valve, and the action instruction is logically associated with the corresponding circulating water pump; the electric regulating valve and the electric regulating valve respectively control the circulating water flow rate passing through the fuel cell and the electric heat pump through the flowmeter and the flowmeter respectively for the fuel cell and the electric heat pump
In an embodiment of the present invention, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the control subsystem includes a controller, a human-machine interface, and a communication module;
the main controller can adopt a PLC, a general central processing unit, a micro processor or other processor modules and has the capabilities of signal processing, control and data operation; the man-machine interface can adopt a touch screen, an industrial tablet personal computer, an industrial display and other devices, and can be matched with corresponding buttons, a keyboard, an indicator light, a buzzer and other devices to form an information input and output interface, and the information input and output interface is mainly used for setting and feeding back the running state of the system. The communication module is used for realizing communication connection and data exchange with the internal equipment or the external equipment in a wired or wireless mode.
The fuel cell subsystem 1 mainly comprises a fuel cell stack and an auxiliary system, and hydrogen and oxygen enter the fuel cell stack to undergo electrochemical reaction to generate electric energy and heat energy. Wherein the electric energy can be used for supplying power to an electric load, and the heat energy can be recycled through a heat exchanger. The invention mainly utilizes the electric energy generated by the fuel cell to provide driving energy for the electric heating pump to generate heat, and recovers the heat generated by the fuel cell system and the tail waste heat through the electric heating pump to realize external heat supply.
The principle of the electrically driven air source heat pump is basically the same as that of a traditional electric refrigerating unit, and the electrically driven air source heat pump is also called a vapor compression type heat pump or a mechanical compression type heat pump. The electric energy drives the compressor to do work, so that the pressure of working medium is raised in the condenser and lowered in the evaporator. The evaporating temperature and the condensing temperature of the working medium are increased along with the increase of the pressure and are reduced along with the decrease of the pressure, so that the working medium can be evaporated at a lower temperature in an evaporator, and the heat of a low-temperature heat source is absorbed by evaporation; condensing at a higher temperature in the condenser, releasing heat to the high temperature heat source. Through the two-time phase change of the working medium, heat is continuously transferred from a low-temperature heat source to a high-temperature heat source, and energy is transferred into a building by utilizing a circulating water system, so that the requirements of users on domestic hot water, floor heating or air conditioning and the like are met.
The system provides the electric energy required by driving for the electric heat pump by the fuel cell subsystem through energy exchange between the fuel cell subsystem 1 and the electric heat pump. Because the direct energy source during the normal operation of the system is the power generated by the fuel cell subsystem 1, the system cannot automatically operate in the initial state, and an external power supply is needed for auxiliary starting, and the external power supply can be cut off after the normal operation.
When the system is started, a starting power supply (an external power supply or a built-in storage battery) supplies power to the fuel cell subsystem 1, the fuel cell subsystem 1 can normally supply power to the electric heat pump after starting, and meanwhile, heat generated by the fuel cell is recovered through the plate heat exchanger to jointly heat circulating water so as to transfer the heat to a user. At the moment, the system enters a heat supply operation stage, and tail exhaust of the fuel cell is switched to a heat pump air side heat exchanger pipeline.
In the running process of the system, the control subsystem monitors the running state of the system in real time and feeds the running state back to the human-computer interface. When the system fails, the fault processing subroutine is entered for corresponding processing.
When the system is normally stopped, the output heat power of the electric air source heat pump is gradually reduced at certain time intervals according to a preset power curve until the output heat power is reduced to 0; and then the fuel cell module enters a shutdown program, and after the shutdown of the fuel cell module is completed, the fuel cell module is connected to a starting power supply and starts a purging program, and the main purpose is to replace residual gas in the pipeline and the fuel cell by inert gas (generally nitrogen gas) so as to ensure the safety of the system after the shutdown.
The invention takes hydrogen as a heat supply energy, is clean and pollution-free, and can replace a heat supply mode taking traditional fossil energy such as natural gas, coal, fuel oil and the like as fuel, thereby greatly reducing carbon emission and pollutant emission;
the system has high energy efficiency, supplies heat according to the needs, and is efficient and energy-saving; solves the problems of unstable combustion, emission of nitrogen oxides, large vibration noise and the like existing in the direct hydrogen burning technology;
the system has high automation degree, can realize unattended operation, and can furthest recover the waste heat of the system through a special device.
The invention is suitable for the surrounding area of the hydrogen producing area, has rich hydrogen sources and relatively low price, and can be used for heating and also can provide domestic hot water for use. The additional cost and the safety problem in the long-distance transportation process of the hydrogen are overcome.
The invention is suitable for the south area without central heating, the temperature in winter in the south area is more suitable for the operation of the electrically driven air source heat pump, the operation energy efficiency ratio (COP) is high, and the overall efficiency of the system is high.
The invention is suitable for winter heating in northern cold areas, and because the tail heat of the fuel cell can be recycled by the heat pump, the invention not only improves the operation energy efficiency ratio (COP), but also can effectively reduce the defrosting time and frequency of the heat pump, and the heat supply quantity is increased and the heat supply is more stable.
The invention is suitable for remote areas without central heating, the system can be integrated into a skid-mounted device, the design can be customized according to the requirements of users, the transportation is convenient, and the operation management is facilitated.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present disclosure describes embodiments, not every embodiment is provided with a separate embodiment, and that this description is provided for clarity only, and that the disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described in detail below, and that the embodiments described in the examples may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments that will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
Claims (5)
1. A heating system based on a fuel cell and electric heat pump coupling, comprising:
the fuel cell subsystem is used for carrying out electrochemical reaction on the hydrogen and oxygen in the air and converting the electrochemical reaction into electric energy and heat energy;
the electric heat pump subsystem is connected with the fuel cell subsystem, and converts low-temperature heat in the air into high-temperature heat through the electric drive compressor to heat circulating water for heat supply;
the tail gas collecting subsystem is connected with the fuel cell subsystem and comprises a gas-water separator, a drainage device, an exhaust device and an electromagnetic valve, wherein the drainage device and the exhaust device are connected with the gas-water separator, the electromagnetic valve is arranged on a connecting pipeline, and the gas-water separator is connected with a tail gas pipeline of the fuel cell;
the circulating water subsystem is connected with the fuel cell subsystem and is used for conveying heat of the fuel cell and the electric heat pump to a heat user;
the control subsystem is electrically connected with the fuel cell subsystem, the electric heating pump subsystem, the tail gas collecting subsystem and the circulating water subsystem, and is used for system control, data acquisition and storage, man-machine conversation and information communication and exchange.
2. The fuel cell and electric heat pump coupling based heating system of claim 1, wherein the fuel cell subsystem comprises a fuel cell stack module, a hydrogen filter, an air filter, a plate heat exchanger, a DCDC converter, an inverter, and a starting power source;
the hydrogen outlet of the hydrogen filter is connected with the hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell stack module, and the outlet of the air filter is connected with the air inlet of the fuel cell stack module; the plate heat exchanger is connected with the cooling system of the fuel cell stack module and the circulating water system; the DCDC converter is connected with the inverter;
the DC power supply output terminal of the starting power supply is connected with the DCDC converter, and the AC power supply input terminal of the starting power supply is connected with external commercial power.
3. The fuel cell and electric heat pump coupled heating system of claim 1 wherein the electric heat pump subsystem comprises a compressor, a condenser, an evaporator, a throttle device, and a connecting line.
4. The heating system based on coupling of fuel cells and electric heat pump according to claim 1, wherein the circulating water subsystem comprises two circulating water pumps, a head tank, an electric control valve, a solenoid valve, a manual valve, a flow meter, and a heat meter;
the two circulating water pumps are used for providing circulating power for the circulating water, and the circulating water pumps are controlled by the PLC system; the high-level water tank is connected with an inlet pipeline of the circulating water pump, and meanwhile, the high-level water tank is provided with a liquid level meter with a remote signal transmission function; an electromagnetic valve is arranged at the outlet of the circulating water pump, and an action instruction of the electromagnetic valve is logically associated with the corresponding circulating water pump; the fuel cell and the electric heat pump are provided with electric regulating valves, and the electric regulating valves respectively control the circulating water flow rate passing through the fuel cell and the electric heat pump through corresponding flow meters.
5. A fuel cell and electric heat pump coupled based heating system according to any of claims 1-4, wherein the control subsystem comprises a controller, a human-machine interface, and a communication module;
the main controller adopts one of a PLC, a general central processing unit and a micro processor; the man-machine interface adopts one of a touch screen, an industrial tablet computer or an industrial display, and is matched with corresponding buttons, a keyboard, an indicator light and a buzzer to form an information input and output interface;
the communication module is used for realizing communication connection and data exchange with the internal equipment or the external equipment in a wired or wireless mode.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310445860.5A CN116481072A (en) | 2023-04-23 | 2023-04-23 | Heating system based on coupling of fuel cell and electric heating pump |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310445860.5A CN116481072A (en) | 2023-04-23 | 2023-04-23 | Heating system based on coupling of fuel cell and electric heating pump |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN116481072A true CN116481072A (en) | 2023-07-25 |
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| CN202310445860.5A Pending CN116481072A (en) | 2023-04-23 | 2023-04-23 | Heating system based on coupling of fuel cell and electric heating pump |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117588786A (en) * | 2023-12-28 | 2024-02-23 | 广东佛燃科技有限公司 | Solid oxide fuel cell combined heat pump heating system and operation method thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117588786A (en) * | 2023-12-28 | 2024-02-23 | 广东佛燃科技有限公司 | Solid oxide fuel cell combined heat pump heating system and operation method thereof |
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