CN113757772A - Multi-heat-source complementary heating system and method - Google Patents
Multi-heat-source complementary heating system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113757772A CN113757772A CN202111108190.5A CN202111108190A CN113757772A CN 113757772 A CN113757772 A CN 113757772A CN 202111108190 A CN202111108190 A CN 202111108190A CN 113757772 A CN113757772 A CN 113757772A
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- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 10
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D15/00—Other domestic- or space-heating systems
- F24D15/02—Other domestic- or space-heating systems consisting of self-contained heating units, e.g. storage heaters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D17/00—Domestic hot-water supply systems
- F24D17/02—Domestic hot-water supply systems using heat pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D19/00—Details
- F24D19/0002—Means for connecting central heating radiators to circulation pipes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D19/00—Details
- F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B30/00—Heat pumps
- F25B30/06—Heat pumps characterised by the source of low potential heat
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-heat source complementary heat supply system and a method, wherein a water-water heat pump (8) is used as a basic heat source, and a boiler (2) is used as a peak regulation heat source; the low-environment-temperature air source collecting device (1) is used as a low-temperature heat source to enter the evaporator side of the water-water heat pump (8), and the return water at the evaporator side returns to the low-environment-temperature collecting device (1) to obtain heat energy; the basic heat source and the peak shaving heat source are operated in parallel to provide a heat source for the user side circulating heating system; the basic heat source provides heat supply load not less than 60%, and the rest heat supply load is supplemented by the peak regulation heat source; the advantages are that: 1) the heat pump can be suitable for low-loop temperature, and the use conditions of the water/ground source heat pump and the air source heat pump are expanded; 2) the heat is supplied in a multi-heat source complementary mode, the advantages of each single heat source can be fully exerted, and multi-energy complementary and step utilization of clean energy and renewable energy are formed; 3) the heat pump has high energy efficiency ratio and low heat supply cost.
Description
Technical Field
The patent relates to the field of heat supply of clean energy and renewable energy, in particular to a multi-heat-source complementary heat supply system and method.
Background
At present, a distributed energy heating system adopts a single heat source, such as a gas-fired hot water boiler, an electric boiler (including a heat storage electric boiler), a water/ground source heat pump, an air source heat pump and the like. The distributed heat supply system establishes a boiler room or a heat energy station by using the single heat source and forms a circulating hot water heat supply system with a user heat dissipation terminal through a water supply/return pipe network.
The gas-fired hot water boiler takes gas (such as natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, city gas, methane and the like) as fuel, and heats water through a burner to realize heating, and has the advantages of high intelligent degree, quick heating, low noise and no dust. However, the single gas-fired hot water boiler is adopted as a heat supply source, and the defects are as follows: 1) the poor gas causes poor heat supply guarantee in winter; along with the excessive dependence on natural gas caused by town heat supply of 'changing coal into gas', gas shortage occurs in winter, so that a distributed heat supply heat source is broken down due to the supply interruption of fuel gas; 2) the unit price of energy consumption is high; the natural gas is fossil fuel and belongs to non-renewable resources, a gas source is influenced by the international energy market, the gas price is bound to be in an upward trend, and the gas price in the northern area is already in a normal state in winter; 3) discharging nitrogen; the temperature island effect formed by the emission of the flue gas of the gas-fired boiler, the emission contains nitrogen oxides, and the pollution is caused to the atmosphere; 4) the carbon emission index is high; the medium and small gas-fired boilers have low heat efficiency, high gas consumption and higher carbon emission index.
The electric water heating boiler is a boiler which generates hot water by heating an electric heating component through electric power. The heat storage electric boiler is divided into a water tank heat storage and a high-temperature phase change heat storage material heat storage according to a heat storage medium. The electric boiler has high automation degree, quick heating, low noise and no dust. The disadvantages of using a single electric heating pot (including a heat storage electric boiler) as a heat supply source are: 1) the electricity price is high; in areas without heat supply and preferential electricity price, the power consumption cost per unit area is about twice that of a gas boiler, and users are hard to bear; 2) the power distribution capacity is large; the power distribution capacity is at least 1.65 times of the rated power of the boiler; 3) the heat storage electric boiler does not save energy; the heat storage electric heating boiler which is generally popularized works by utilizing time-of-use electricity price, energy consumption is not reduced, and only energy consumption cost is reduced, because the heat efficiency of intermediate heat exchange (water/water or wind/water heat exchange) is lower than that of a common electric heating boiler, the heat storage electric heating boiler belongs to non-energy-saving equipment.
Common types of heat pumps in distributed heating systems are: water/ground source heat pumps and air source heat pumps. The heat pump can transfer low-grade heat energy in the nature to high-grade heat energy for heating. The heat pump consumes a part of energy (electric energy) and transfers the energy (low-grade heat energy stored in water, soil and air) stored in the environment medium to high grade through the heat transfer working medium circulating system to heat the water, and the high-grade energy (electric energy) consumed by the heat pump device is only a small part of the output energy, so that a large amount of high-grade energy can be saved by adopting the heat pump technology. However, the disadvantages of using a single heat pump as a heat source are: 1) the water/ground source heat pump takes rock-soil mass, stratum soil, underground water or surface water as a low-temperature heat source, wherein the water source heat pump needs a pumping well and a recharging well, and the recharging is difficult to continue, so that geological hazards are easily caused; well drilling is subject to local ground water management and is currently difficult to approve. The geothermal energy exchange system of the ground source heat pump has large occupied area and higher investment. 2) The heating quantity of the air source heat pump is attenuated along with the reduction of the ambient temperature, when the ambient temperature is lower, the frosting phenomenon appears on the evaporator side, and the working load of the air source heat pump scroll compressor is overlarge and easy to burn due to the incomplete defrosting technology.
Disclosure of Invention
The patent aims to provide a multi-source complementary heat source heating system and a multi-source complementary heat source heating method, so that the complementary advantages of each single heat source can be realized, and the respective defects of the single heat source can be overcome.
The technical scheme of this patent is: a multi-heat source complementary heating system is characterized in that: the system comprises a basic heat source and a peak-shaving heat source which are operated in parallel, wherein the basic heat source is a water-water heat pump, and the peak-shaving heat source is a boiler; the low-loop-temperature air source acquisition device is formed by connecting a plurality of air source heat pumps in parallel, each air source heat pump acquires heat energy in air, low-temperature hot water output from a condenser side of the air source heat pump passes through a heat capacity unit and then enters an evaporator side of a water-water heat pump as a low-temperature heat source, and the low-temperature hot water returns to the condenser side of the air source heat pump after the water-water heat pump releases heat energy; heating circulating return water led out from the water collector respectively enters a boiler and a condenser side of the water-water heat pump for heating, and the heated hot water sequentially passes through the water separator, the user side indoor heat dissipation equipment and the water collector to form heating circulation; the basic heat source provides heat supply load not less than 60%, and the rest heat supply load is supplemented by the peak regulation heat source; the heat supply controller respectively controls the operation of the boiler, the water-water heat pump and the air source heat pump;
the heat capacity unit stores, regulates and distributes the input low-temperature hot water, and provides the low-temperature hot water with the temperature of 20-25 ℃ as a low-temperature heat source to the evaporator side of the water-water heat pump; after absorbing heat, the water-water heat pump evaporator returns hot water at 15-20 ℃ to the condenser side of the air source heat pump; a heat capacity circulating pump set is arranged on the heat capacity unit and water-water heat pump connection management circuit, the heat capacity circulating pump set is electrically connected with a heat supply controller, and low-temperature hot water entering the water-water heat pump is controlled by the heat supply controller;
a condensation water return pump set is arranged between the water collector and the side water inlet end of the condenser of the water-water heat pump, a boiler circulating pump set is arranged between the water collector and the water inlet end of the boiler, and a heat supply controller is respectively electrically connected with the condensation water return pump set and an electric actuating mechanism of the boiler, is used for controlling the water amount entering the side water inlet end of the condenser of the water-water heat pump and the heat supply circulating water amount entering the boiler and provides power for heat supply circulation;
the boiler is one or more of a gas boiler, an electric boiler, a heat storage electric boiler, a straw furnace or an absorption heat pump which are connected in parallel;
the water-water heat pump is a compression type electric drive heat pump;
the indoor heat dissipation equipment of the user side is a radiator, a buried pipe or a fan coil;
the method comprises the following steps that a high-area water separator, a high-area plate exchanger and a high-area water collector are arranged in a high-rise area of a high-rise building at a user end, and multi-heat-source circulating hot water output by the water separator enters the high-area plate exchanger to exchange heat with heating circulating hot water, is cooled and then flows back to the water collector; heating circulating hot water enters the high-area water collector and the high-area internal heat dissipation equipment in sequence after being subjected to heat exchange and temperature rise in the high-area plate exchanger, and return water enters the high-area water collector after being subjected to heat dissipation of the high-area internal heat dissipation equipment in sequence after being subjected to heat exchange of the high-area water collector and the high-area plate to form high-area heating circulation; a high-area circulating pump set is arranged on a connecting pipeline between a high-area water collector and a high-area plate exchanger, and is arranged in a low-area building of a high-rise building at a user end, a low-area water collector, a low-area plate exchanger and a low-area water collector are arranged, heating hot water introduced from the water separator sequentially passes through the low-area plate exchanger and the low-area water collector to enter heat dissipation equipment in the low-area chamber, and after heat dissipation is carried out by the heat dissipation equipment in the low-area chamber, return water sequentially passes through the low-area water collector and the low-area plate exchanger and then flows back to the water collector, so that low-area heating circulation is formed; high-temperature water and low-temperature return water entering the heat dissipation equipment in the low-region compartment are subjected to temperature regulation in the low-region plate exchanger; a low-region circulating pump group is arranged between the low-region water collector and the low-region plate;
the method comprises the following steps that a low-zone water separator, a low-zone plate exchanger and a low-zone water collector are arranged in a building low zone of a high-rise building at a user end, and multi-heat-source circulating hot water output by the water separator enters the low-zone plate exchanger to exchange heat with heating circulating hot water and then flows back to the water collector; heating circulating hot water enters the low-region water collector and the low-region internal heat dissipation equipment in sequence after being subjected to heat exchange and temperature rise in the low-region plate exchanger, and return water enters the low-region water collector after being subjected to heat dissipation of the low-region internal heat dissipation equipment in sequence after being subjected to heat exchange of the low-region water collector and the low-region plate to form low-region heating circulation; a low-region circulating pump group is arranged between the low-region water collector and the low-region plate;
a multi-heat source complementary heating method adopts the multi-heat source complementary heating system, and is characterized in that: the heating controller is arranged as follows:
1) the peak-shaving heat source works at full load when the heat supply system is started, and the basic heat source operates according to rated heat supply quantity;
2) after normal operation, the basic heat source operates according to the rated heat supply quantity, and the basic heat source bears 60% of the heat supply quantity requirement; the peak-regulating heat source carries out heat supplement according to the part with insufficient heat supply of the basic heat source, and bears the heat supply demand of 40 percent of heat supply load;
3) when the ambient temperature is below-5 ℃, the low-ring-temperature air source collecting device outputs 20-25 ℃ hot water to the heat-accommodating unit as a low-temperature heat source;
4) when the ambient temperature is above-5 ℃, the low-ring-temperature air source collecting device outputs hot water to the heat capacity unit according to the rated heat supply capacity to be used as a low-temperature heat source.
The advantage of this patent is:
1. the basic heat source adopts a water-water heat pump, the low-temperature heat source of the water-water heat pump is provided by a low-ring-temperature air source collecting device, at the moment, the energy efficiency ratio is high, no power attenuation is caused, the heat required by defrosting of the air source heat pump at the low ring temperature is provided by the heat stored by the heat capacity unit, the low ring temperature can work reliably, and the water-water heat pump can be suitable for normal work at the environment temperature of minus 30 ℃ in winter; the basic heat source expands the use conditions of the water/ground source heat pump and the air source heat pump, overcomes respective limitations and performance weaknesses, the comprehensive energy efficiency ratio can be stabilized between 2.5 and 3.5, the peak shaving heat source adopts a boiler heat source, and the multi-heat-source complementary heat supply system breaks through the limitation that the heat efficiency of the boiler heat source is lower than 100%;
2. the heat is supplied in a multi-heat source complementary mode, the advantages of each single heat source can be fully exerted, and multi-energy complementary and step utilization of clean energy and renewable energy are formed; in the heating season, excessive fluctuation of heating cost caused by gas price increase due to 'gas shortage' is avoided, power supply stop due to 'gas shortage' is avoided, and heating is reliable;
3. under the same conditions of heat supply and heat load change:
(1) the natural gas is saved. The heat supply of the peak-shaving heat source (gas-fired hot water boiler) is 40 percent, and the natural gas is saved by 60 percent compared with the single gas-fired hot water boiler.
(2) Reducing the power distribution capacity. Because the water-water heat pump is added as a basic heat source, the power distribution capacity is smaller than that of the single boiler for heat supply;
(3) the low-cost energy such as air energy, solar energy, valley-section electricity price and the like can be effectively utilized as a low-temperature heat source of the water-water heat pump, so that the heating cost is reduced, and the heat supply energy consumption cost is low;
4. comfort heating: the heat medium for household is hot water with the temperature of 45-60 ℃, and can meet various heat dissipation terminals such as buried pipe heating, fan coil, radiator heating and the like;
5. on the basis of mature technology of each single heat source, the reliability of the multi-heat-source complementary unit is high;
6. because the evaporator end and the condenser end of the air source heat pump and the water-water heat pump can work under the refrigeration working condition after being switched, the multi-heat-source complementary system can realize cold and hot triple supply (heat supply, domestic water and refrigeration) for public buildings.
Drawings
FIG. 1: a schematic diagram of a multi-heat source complementary heating system principle;
FIG. 2: a schematic diagram of a control system of a multi-heat source complementary heating system;
FIG. 3: a schematic structural diagram of a multi-heat source complementary heating system of a certain community;
in the figure: 1-low-ring-temperature air source collecting device; 11-air source heat pump; 2-a boiler; 3-boiler circulating pump group; 31-low zone circulating pump group; 32-high zone circulating pump group; 4-a water separator; 41-low water separator; 42-high water separator; 5-indoor heat dissipation equipment; 51-buried pipe, 52-fan coil; 53-radiator; 54-low compartment internal heat dissipation devices; 55-high compartment internal heat dissipation device; 6-a water collector; 61-a low zone water collector; 62-high area water collector; 7-condensation water return pump set; 8-water heat pump; 9-heat capacity circulating pump; 10-a heat capacity unit; 100-exchanging the lower area plate; 200-exchanging the high area plate; (ii) a 300-heating controller.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the present patent refers to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1, the multi-heat-source complementary heating system described in this patent includes a basic heat source, a peak-shaving heat source, a water separator 4, a water collector 6, an indoor heat dissipation device 5, and a water-water heat pump 8 as the basic heat source; the low-ring-temperature air source collecting device 1 formed by connecting a plurality of air source heat pumps 11 in parallel provides a low-temperature heat source for the water-water heat pump 8.
The water-water heat pump 8 is a compression type electric drive heat pump, drives the compressor to do work through a small amount of electric energy, absorbs heat in low-temperature hot water at an evaporator side of the compressor, and releases heat to circulating water at a condenser side through working medium circulation; the principle is as follows: through the internal circulation of the water-water heat pump 8, the water-water heat pump 8 absorbs heat from the circulating water measured by the evaporator thereof, and heats the circulating water at the condenser side to provide hot water for heating users.
The water outlet end of the condenser side of the air source heat pump 11 is connected with the water inlet end of the evaporator side of the water-water heat pump 8 through a heat capacity unit 10, and the water return end of the evaporator side of the water-water heat pump 8 is connected with the water inlet end of the condenser of the air source heat pump 11; the evaporator of the low-loop-temperature air source heat pump 11 absorbs heat energy in air, the water outlet end of the condenser side of the air source heat pump 11 is connected with the heat capacity unit 10, the water outlet end of the condenser side of each air source heat pump 11 is connected with the water inlet end of the evaporator side of the water-water heat pump 8 after being converged, and the water return end of the evaporator side of the water-water heat pump 8 is connected with the water inlet end of the condenser side of each air source heat pump 11; a heat capacity unit 10 is further arranged on a connecting pipeline between the water outlet end of the condenser side of each air source heat pump 11 and the water inlet end of the evaporator side of each water-water heat pump 8, low-temperature hot water on the condenser side of each air source heat pump 11 is collected and enters the heat capacity unit 10 for storage, the heat capacity unit 10 stores, adjusts and distributes low-grade heat energy, low-temperature hot water of 20-25 ℃ is provided to the evaporator side of each water-water heat pump 8 to serve as a low-temperature heat source, and after the evaporator of each water-water heat pump 8 absorbs heat, the hot water of 15-20 ℃ is returned to the condenser side of each air source heat pump 11.
A heat capacity circulation pump group 9 is arranged between the heat capacity unit 10 and the water inlet end of the water-water heat pump 8 at the evaporator side, and is used for controlling the flow of low-temperature hot water entering the water-water heat pump 8 from the heat capacity unit 10 and providing power required by circulation.
The boiler 2 is used as a peak shaving heat source; the water outlet end of the boiler 2 and the water outlet end of the condenser side of the water-water heat pump 8 are respectively connected with a water separator 4 of the heat supply circulating system, and the water inlet end of the boiler 2 and the water inlet end of the condenser of the water-water heat pump 8 are respectively connected with a water collector 6 of the heat supply circulating system; the boiler is one or more of a gas boiler, an electric boiler, a heat storage electric boiler, a straw furnace or an absorption heat pump, and the like which are connected in parallel.
The heat supply circulating return water led out from the water collector 6 respectively enters the boiler 2 and the condenser side of the water-water heat pump 8 for heating, and the heated hot water sequentially passes through the water separator 4, the user side indoor heat dissipation equipment 5 and the water collector 6 to form heat supply circulation. The indoor heat dissipation equipment 5 of the user side can be a radiator 53, a buried pipe 51 or a fan coil 52; a condensation backwater circulating pump set 7 is arranged between the water collector 6 and the condenser side water inlet end of the water-water heat pump 8 and is used for regulating and controlling the water quantity entering the condenser side water inlet end of the water-water heat pump 8 and forming water supply circulation; and a boiler circulating pump group 3 is arranged between the water collector 6 and the water inlet end of the boiler 2 and used for regulating and controlling the quantity of the heating circulating water entering the boiler 2 and forming water supply circulation.
As shown in fig. 2, the heat supply controller 300 is electrically connected to the boiler 2, the water-water heat pump 8, and the electric actuator of the low-ambient-temperature air source collecting device 1, respectively, and controls the operation of the boiler 2, the water-water heat pump 8, and the air source heat pump 11. The heat supply controller 300 is electrically connected with the actuating mechanisms of the heat capacity circulating pump group 9, the condensation water return pump group 7 and the boiler circulating pump group 3 respectively, and is used for controlling the opening and closing of the pump, adjusting the flow and providing circulating power for hot water circulation.
The basic heat source is ensured to provide not less than 60% of heat for the heating system through the system control of the heating controller 300, and the rest of heat is supplemented by the peak-shaving heat source; the peak-shaving heat source works at full load when the heat supply system is started, and the rest time is supplemented with heat according to the part with insufficient heat supply of the basic heat source, so that about 40 percent of heat demand of the heat supply system is borne.
The peak-regulating heat source and the basic heat source are prepared according to the following principle:
1) nominal heating capacity: the proportion of the peak-shaving heat source is 60 percent, the proportion of the basic heat source is 40 percent, and if the initial investment is sought to be reduced, the proportion of the peak-shaving heat source can be increased; when the peak-shaving heat source is an electric boiler, the basic heat source ratio can be increased for reducing the power distribution capacity.
2) Actual heat supply: the basic heat source runs at full load, the advantage of high energy efficiency ratio is fully exerted, and the heat supply accounts for more than 60%; except for full load work during system starting, the peak regulation heat source performs heat supplement on the part with insufficient heat supply of the basic heat source in other time (peak regulation load change is limited in the optimal efficiency range of the boiler), and the peak regulation heat source accounts for about 40% of the heat supply.
3) Through the control of the controller system, the peak shaving heat source automatically adjusts according to the heat load change and the heat supply amount of the basic heat source, and the heat supply system is maintained to work in an energy-saving state all the time.
As shown in FIG. 3, it is a schematic view of a multi-heat source complementary heating system for a certain northern district in China, where the district is a high-rise building with a total height of 33 stories, more than 16 stories (including 16 stories) are set as high-rise buildings, and less than 16 stories are set as low-rise buildings for heatingArea of 100000m2According to the local winter environmental temperature and the heat load index of the energy-saving building of the building, the index is 40w/m2Then the calculated thermal load is: 4000 KW. A multi-element complementary heat supply system is adopted, and a heat source is a peak regulation heat source which is 1 2.4MW gas-fired hot water boiler; 1 brand name yi heat production 1600KW water heat pump 8 is basic heat source, total heating capacity: 4000 KW.
The low-environment-temperature air source collecting device 1 transfers low-grade heat energy in the air, and obtains high-grade heat energy by inputting a small amount of electric energy to the water-water heat pump 8. The water-water heat pump 8 works equivalently in a water source heat pump state, and the comprehensive energy efficiency ratio (COP) can reach 2.5-3.5. The basic heat source runs at full load, and the part with insufficient heat supply capacity is supplemented by the peak regulating boiler.
For the low-zone heating of the high-rise building at the user end, a low-zone water separator 41, a low-zone plate exchanger 100 and a low-zone water collector 61 are arranged, and the low-zone hot water circulation is divided into a low-zone primary-side hot water circulation and a low-zone secondary-side hot water circulation by taking the primary side and the secondary side of the low-zone plate exchanger 100 as boundaries; the low-zone primary side hot water circulation is low-zone heat source hot water circulation, and the low-zone secondary side hot water circulation is low-zone heat supply circulation. The path of the low-zone primary side hot water circulation, namely the low-zone heat source hot water circulation is as follows: after multi-heat-source circulating hot water output by a basic heat source and a peak-shaving heat source is converged in the water separator 4, primary-side hot water (namely multi-heat-source circulating hot water) is input to the low-area plate exchanger 100, and after heat exchange with return water of heating circulating hot water flowing through the low-area secondary side of the low-area plate exchanger 100, the primary-side hot water returns to the water collector 6, then returns to the basic heat source and the peak-shaving heat source through the water collector 6 respectively, and enters the water separator 4 again after being heated by the condenser side of the water-water heat pump 8 and the boiler 2, so that low-area primary-side hot water circulation (namely low-area heat-source hot water circulation) is formed;
the path of the low-zone secondary side hot water circulation, namely the low-zone heat supply circulation is as follows: the heating circulating hot water flowing through the user room sequentially enters the low-region water collector 41 and the low-region indoor heat dissipation device 54 after being subjected to secondary side heat exchange and temperature rise of the low-region plate exchanger 100, the return water sequentially passes through the low-region water collector 61 and the low-region plate exchanger 100 after being dissipated heat by the low-region indoor heat dissipation device 54, and the heating temperature rises in the low-region plate exchanger 100 in a heat exchange mode and then enters the low-region water collector 41, so that low-region secondary side hot water circulation, namely low-region heating circulation, is formed. A low-zone circulating pump group 31 is arranged between the low-zone water collector 61 and the low-zone plate exchanger 100, an electric actuating mechanism of the low-zone circulating pump group 31 is electrically connected with the heat supply controller 300, and the heat supply controller 300 is used for controlling low-zone heat supply circulation and providing circulating power for the low-zone heat supply circulation;
for high-rise building high-rise heating of a user side, a high-rise water separator 42, a high-rise plate exchanger 200 and a high-rise water collector 62 are arranged, the primary side and the secondary side of the high-rise plate exchanger 200 are used as boundaries, and high-rise hot water circulation is also divided into high-rise primary side hot water circulation and high-rise secondary side hot water circulation; the hot water circulation at the primary side of the high area is the hot water circulation of a high area heat source, and the hot water circulation at the secondary side of the high area is the heat supply circulation of the high area; the path of the high-zone primary side hot water circulation, namely the high-zone heat source hot water circulation is as follows: after multi-heat-source circulating hot water of a basic heat source and a peak-shaving heat source is collected in the water separator 4, primary-side hot water (namely the multi-heat-source circulating hot water) is input into the high-area plate exchanger 200, and after heat exchange with return water of heating circulating hot water flowing through the high-area secondary side of the high-area plate exchanger 200, the primary-side hot water returns to the water collector 6, then returns to the basic heat source and the peak-shaving heat source through the water collector 6 respectively, and enters the water separator 4 again after being heated by the condenser and the boiler 2 of the water-water heat pump 8, so that high-area primary-side hot water circulation (namely high-area heat-source hot water circulation) is formed;
the secondary side hot water circulation of the high area, namely the heat supply circulation path of the high area, is as follows: after the secondary side heat exchange of the high area plate exchanger 200 is heated up, the indoor heating circulating hot water of the user sequentially enters the high area water collector 42 and the high area indoor heat dissipation device 55, after the heat dissipation of the high area indoor heat dissipation device 55 is carried out, the return water sequentially passes through the high area water collector 62 and the high area plate exchanger 200, and after the high area plate exchanger 200 is heated in a heat exchange mode, the return water enters the high area water collector 42, so that the high area secondary side hot water circulation, namely the high area heat supply circulation, is formed. A high-area circulating pump group 32 is arranged between the high-area water collector 62 and the high-area plate exchanger 200, an electric actuating mechanism of the high-area circulating pump group 32 is electrically connected with a heat supply controller 300, and the heat supply controller 300 is used for controlling the high-area heat supply circulation and providing circulating power for the high-area heat supply circulation;
a condensation water return pump set 7 is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the water collector 6 and the side water inlet end of the condenser of the water-water heat pump 8, a boiler circulating pump set 3 is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the water collector 6 and the circulating water inlet of the boiler 2, and the heat supply controller 300 is respectively electrically connected with the condensation water return pump set 7 and an electric actuating mechanism of the boiler circulating pump set 3 and is used for controlling the operation opening and closing of the pump set, adjusting the flow and providing circulating power for the heat source hot water circulation.
A multi-heat source complementary heating method adopts the multi-heat source complementary heating system, and a heating controller 300 is arranged according to the following modes as required:
1) the peak-shaving heat source works at full load when the heat supply system is started, and the basic heat source operates according to rated heat supply quantity;
2) after normal operation, the basic heat source operates according to the rated heat supply quantity, and the basic heat source bears 60% of the heat supply quantity requirement; the peak-regulating heat source carries out heat supplement according to the part with insufficient heat supply of the basic heat source, and bears the heat supply demand of 40 percent of heat supply load;
3) when the ambient temperature is below-5 ℃, the low-ring-temperature air source collecting device 1 outputs 20-25 ℃ hot water as a low-temperature heat source to the heat-accommodating unit 10;
4) when the environment temperature is above minus 5 ℃, the low-ring-temperature air source collecting device 1 outputs hot water as a low-temperature heat source to the heat capacity unit 10 according to the rated heat supply capacity.
Comparison of heating with a single heat source with complementary heating with multiple heat sources:
firstly, basic conditions:
day of heating season: 120 days, indoor temperature: meets the corresponding standard (the indoor temperature is more than 18 ℃) of the city of Xian;
second, the peak-to-valley period and the electricity rate are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 general electricity consumption of 1-10 (20) kV time-sharing price of electricity for industrial and commercial use and others
And thirdly, the energy consumption and the cost of the single gas boiler and the multi-heat source complementary unit are compared and shown in the table 2.
TABLE 2 energy consumption and cost comparison of single gas boiler and multi-heat source complementary unit
Fourthly, the comparison result shows that:
1) table 2 estimates the coldest day energy consumption multiplied by the number of heating quarters per 1 month of the year; so the energy consumption in the actual heating season must be lower than this value. The carbon emission coefficient recommended value of the standard coal of the national institute of energy development and reform Commission is as follows: 0.67 (t/tce).
2) Gas value in accordance with 2.68 yuan/Nm3The energy consumption cost in the heating season is respectively:
a gas boiler: 23.95 yuan/m2(ii) a The gas-electricity complementary unit: 13.03 yuan/m2. The difference between the two is 10.92 yuan.
3) If the electricity price is according to the electricity consumption of residents: 0.4983 yuan/kWh; gas value: 2.07 Yuan/Nm3And (4) calculating the energy consumption cost in the heating season as follows:
a gas boiler: 19.68 yuan/m2(ii) a The gas-electricity complementary unit: 10.52 yuan/m2. The difference between the two is 9.16 yuan.
4) Analyzing the operation benefit:
the result is estimated according to the table 2, and the municipal administration resident heat supply charge standard is 5.8 yuan/month m2The method comprises the following steps of (1) counting by adopting a multi-heat source complementary heat source unit: heating season unit flat-meter gross profit: 10.16 yuan/m2(ii) a For 10 ten thousand square meters of heating, the income can be increased by 87.36 ten thousand yuan compared with a gas boiler when the survival rate is 80 percent; the income rate of 60 percent can be more than 66.52 ten thousand yuan compared with a gas boiler.
Claims (9)
1. A multi-heat source complementary heating system is characterized in that: the system comprises a basic heat source and a peak shaving heat source which are operated in parallel, wherein the basic heat source is a water-water heat pump (8), and the peak shaving heat source is a boiler (2); the low-loop-temperature air source collecting device (1) is formed by connecting a plurality of air source heat pumps (11) in parallel, each air source heat pump (11) collects heat energy in air, low-temperature hot water is output from a condenser side of the air source heat pump, passes through a heat capacity unit (10) and then enters an evaporator side of a water-water heat pump (8) as a low-temperature heat source, and the low-temperature hot water returns to the condenser side of the air source heat pump (11) after the water-water heat pump (8) releases heat energy; heating circulating return water led out from the water collector (6) respectively enters a boiler (2) and a condenser side of a water-water heat pump (8) for heating, and the heated hot water sequentially passes through the water separator (4), the user side indoor heat dissipation equipment (5) and the water collector (6) to form heating circulation; the basic heat source provides heat supply load not less than 60%, and the rest heat supply load is supplemented by the peak regulation heat source; the heat supply controller (300) respectively controls the operation of the boiler (2), the water-water heat pump (8) and the air source heat pump (11).
2. A multi-heat-source complementary heating system according to claim 1, wherein: the heat capacity unit (10) stores, regulates and distributes the input low-temperature hot water, and provides the low-temperature hot water with the temperature of 20-25 ℃ as a low-temperature heat source to the evaporator side of the water-water heat pump (8); after absorbing heat by the evaporator of the water-water heat pump (8), returning hot water at 15-20 ℃ to the condenser side of the air source heat pump (11); and a heat capacity circulating pump set (9) is arranged on a connection management path of the heat capacity unit (10) and the water-water heat pump (8), the heat capacity circulating pump set (9) is electrically connected with a heat supply controller (300), and low-temperature hot water entering the water-water heat pump (8) is controlled through the heat supply controller (300).
3. A multi-heat-source complementary heating system according to claim 1, wherein: be provided with condensation return water pump package (7) between water collector (6) and water heat pump (8) condenser side entry water end water collector (6) and boiler (2) are intake and are provided with boiler circulating pump package (3) between the end, and heat supply controller (300) are connected with condensation return water pump package (7) and the electronic actuating mechanism electricity of boiler (2) respectively for the control gets into the water yield of water heat pump (8) condenser side entry water end and the heat supply circulating water yield that gets into boiler (2), and provides power for the heat supply circulation.
4. A multi-heat-source complementary heating system according to claim 1, wherein: the boiler (2) is one or more of a gas boiler, an electric boiler, a heat storage electric boiler, a straw furnace or an absorption heat pump which are connected in parallel.
5. A multi-heat-source complementary heating system according to claim 1, wherein: the water-water heat pump (8) is a compression type electric drive heat pump.
6. A multi-heat-source complementary heating system according to claim 1, wherein: the indoor heat dissipation equipment (5) of the user side is a radiator (53) or a buried pipe (51) or a fan coil (52).
7. A multi-heat-source complementary heating system according to claim 1, wherein: a high-area water separator (42), a high-area plate exchanger (200) and a high-area water collector (62) are arranged in a high-rise building area of a high-rise building at a user end, and multi-heat-source circulating hot water output by the water separator (4) enters the high-area plate exchanger (200) to exchange heat with heating circulating hot water for cooling and then flows back to the water collector (6); heating circulating hot water is subjected to heat exchange and temperature rise in the high-area plate exchanger (200) and then sequentially enters the high-area water collector (42) and the high-area internal heat dissipation equipment (55), and after heat dissipation of the high-area internal heat dissipation equipment (55), return water sequentially passes through the high-area water collector (62) and the high-area plate exchanger (200) and then enters the high-area water collector (42), so that high-area heating circulation is formed; a high-area circulating pump group (32) is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the high-area water collector (62) and the high-area plate exchanger (200).
8. A multi-heat-source complementary heating system according to claim 1, wherein: a low-zone water separator (41), a low-zone plate exchanger (100) and a low-zone water collector (61) are arranged in a low zone of a high-rise building at a user end, and multi-heat-source circulating hot water output by the water separator (4) enters the low-zone plate exchanger (100) to exchange heat with heating circulating hot water and then flows back to the water collector (6); heating circulating hot water is subjected to heat exchange and temperature rise in the low-region plate exchanger (100) and then sequentially enters the low-region water collector (41) and the low-region internal heat dissipation equipment (54), and after heat dissipation of the low-region internal heat dissipation equipment (54), return water sequentially passes through the low-region water collector (61) and the low-region plate exchanger (100) and then enters the low-region water collector (41) to form low-region heat supply circulation; a low-zone circulating pump group (31) is arranged between the low-zone water collector (61) and the low-zone plate exchanger (100).
9. A multi-heat-source complementary heating method, which adopts the multi-heat-source complementary heating system as claimed in claim 1, and is characterized in that: the heating controller is arranged as follows:
1) the peak-shaving heat source works at full load when the heat supply system is started, and the basic heat source operates according to rated heat supply quantity;
2) after normal operation, the basic heat source operates according to the rated heat supply quantity, and the basic heat source bears 60% of the heat supply quantity requirement; the peak-regulating heat source carries out heat supplement according to the part with insufficient heat supply of the basic heat source, and bears the heat supply demand of 40 percent of heat supply load;
3) when the ambient temperature is below-5 ℃, the low-ring-temperature air source collecting device (1) outputs 20-25 ℃ hot water as a low-temperature heat source to the heat-capacity unit;
4) when the environment temperature is above minus 5 ℃, the low-ring-temperature air source collecting device (1) outputs hot water to the heat capacity unit (10) as a low-temperature heat source according to the rated heat supply capacity.
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