CN116472920A - Pleurotus eryngii cultivation device and method - Google Patents
Pleurotus eryngii cultivation device and method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN116472920A CN116472920A CN202310631484.9A CN202310631484A CN116472920A CN 116472920 A CN116472920 A CN 116472920A CN 202310631484 A CN202310631484 A CN 202310631484A CN 116472920 A CN116472920 A CN 116472920A
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- Prior art keywords
- pleurotus eryngii
- elastic belt
- driving
- driving assembly
- extrusion plate
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- 244000252132 Pleurotus eryngii Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 126
- 235000001681 Pleurotus eryngii Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 126
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000001465 calcium Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000001055 magnesium Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000008935 nutritious Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/60—Cultivation rooms; Equipment therefor
- A01G18/62—Racks; Trays
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/60—Cultivation rooms; Equipment therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/70—Harvesting
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of cultivation of pleurotus eryngii, and relates to a device and a method for cultivating pleurotus eryngii. The device comprises a base, an extrusion mechanism, a separation mechanism and a conveying mechanism. The extrusion mechanism drives the extrusion plate to reciprocate, and the extrusion plate drives the fungus bag to roll, so that the culture soil in the fungus bag becomes loose, the root of the pleurotus eryngii is not adhered to the culture soil, and the pleurotus eryngii is pulled out of the fungus bag. The first elastic belt and the second elastic belt can clamp pleurotus eryngii with different diameters through the matching of the magnet and the iron block in the separating mechanism. The second electric push rod enables the first elastic belt and the second elastic belt to move outwards, and the pleurotus eryngii is pulled out. The first elastic belt and the second elastic belt can clamp pleurotus eryngii with different stipe diameters through the matching of the magnet and the iron block. When the pleurotus eryngii is separated from the fungus bag, the root of the pleurotus eryngii rotates downwards under the action of gravity, the corresponding pleurotus eryngii on the fixed frame and the movable frame collide, and then culture soil adhered on the pleurotus eryngii drops.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of cultivation of pleurotus eryngii, and relates to a device and a method for cultivating pleurotus eryngii.
Background
Pleurotus eryngii is a nutritious edible fungus, and is rich in proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins, calcium, magnesium, copper, zinc and other minerals, so that the pleurotus eryngii is favored by people.
The harvesting of the pleurotus eryngii is generally to pull out the pleurotus eryngii by hand, and the manual harvesting is time-consuming and labor-consuming and has low efficiency. The prior art discloses a fruit vegetables integration breeding device in CN111201947 a's file, and the device includes cultivate frame, harvesting subassembly and collection subassembly. When the pleurotus eryngii is picked, the adsorption nozzle is vacuumized through the vacuum pump, the head of the pleurotus eryngii is adsorbed by the adsorption nozzle, the pleurotus eryngii is pulled to be pulled out of the fungus bag by the adsorption nozzle, and the vacuum pump is closed to separate the pleurotus eryngii from the adsorption nozzle. The device has improved picking efficiency, has reduced the manpower. But the device directly adsorbs the head of the pleurotus eryngii through the adsorption nozzle in the picking process and then pulls out the pleurotus eryngii. The head of the pleurotus eryngii is fragile, so that the head of the pleurotus eryngii is easy to damage, the subsequent storage of the pleurotus eryngii is not facilitated, and the pleurotus eryngii is easy to deteriorate. And the root of the pleurotus eryngii is adhered to the culture soil, if the root of the pleurotus eryngii is compacter in the fungus bag, a certain force is required to pull the pleurotus eryngii out of the fungus bag, so that the head of the pleurotus eryngii is more easily damaged.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a device and a method for cultivating pleurotus eryngii.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the background technology, the invention provides a device and a method for cultivating pleurotus eryngii.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: an pleurotus eryngii cultivation device comprises:
the base is U-shaped, one side of the base is fixedly provided with a fixed frame, and the other side of the base is provided with a movable frame in a sliding manner; the fixed frame and the movable frame are provided with a plurality of discharge racks; a placing groove for placing the fungus bag is formed in the placing rack, and an opening of the placing groove is inclined upwards; the inner walls of the two ends of the placing groove are provided with abdication grooves;
the extrusion mechanism comprises an extrusion plate, a first driving assembly and a second driving assembly; the extruding plate is arranged on the top wall of the placing groove; the first driving assembly and the second driving assembly are in driving connection with the extrusion plate; the first driving component drives the extrusion plate to reciprocate along the length direction of the placing groove; the second driving assembly drives the extrusion plate to be close to or far away from the top wall of the placing groove;
the separating mechanism comprises a first elastic belt, a second elastic belt, a mounting plate and a third driving assembly; two ends of the placing frame are fixedly provided with second electric push rods; the output end of the second electric push rod is fixedly provided with a mounting plate; the first elastic belt and the second elastic belt are arranged in parallel between the two mounting plates; the first elastic belt and the second elastic belt move relatively or away from each other under the action of the third driving assembly;
and the conveying mechanism is arranged on the base.
Further, the first driving assembly comprises a connecting ring, a cross slide block, an incomplete gear and a first motor;
the upper end of the placing frame is provided with a cross sliding hole; the cross sliding block is in sliding fit with the cross sliding hole; the two cross sliding blocks are in one-to-one correspondence with the two ends of the extrusion plate; the cross slide block is connected with the extrusion plate through a second driving assembly;
the connecting ring is fixedly connected between the two cross sliding blocks; racks are symmetrically and fixedly arranged on the inner ring of the connecting ring;
the upper end of the placing rack is provided with a first mounting groove, and the first motor is fixedly arranged in the first mounting groove; the incomplete gear is fixedly arranged on an output shaft of the first motor; the incomplete gear is matched with the rack.
Further, the second driving assembly comprises a first electric push rod; the cross slide block is provided with a second mounting groove; the first electric push rod is fixedly arranged in the second mounting groove, and the extrusion plate is fixedly arranged at the output end of the first electric push rod.
Further, the number of the third driving assemblies is two, and the two third driving assemblies are in one-to-one correspondence with the two mounting plates; the third driving component is arranged on the corresponding mounting plate;
the third driving assembly comprises a bidirectional threaded rod, a first connecting block, a second connecting block and a second motor;
the mounting plate is provided with a second T-shaped chute, and the bidirectional threaded rod is rotatably arranged in the second T-shaped chute; the bidirectional threaded rod comprises a first thread section and a second thread section; the first thread section and the second thread section are fixedly connected, and the thread screw directions of the first thread section and the second thread section are opposite;
the first connecting block and the second connecting block are in limit sliding fit with the second T-shaped chute; the first connecting block is in threaded connection with the first threaded section, and the second connecting block is in threaded connection with the second threaded section; the first elastic belt is fixedly arranged between the two first connecting blocks; the second elastic belt is fixedly arranged between the two second connecting blocks;
the second motor is fixedly arranged at one end of the second T-shaped chute and is in driving connection with the bidirectional threaded rod.
Further, the first elastic belt is provided with a plurality of magnets; the magnet corresponds to a gap between the adjacent fungus bags; the second elastic belt is provided with a plurality of iron blocks, and a plurality of magnets are matched with the iron blocks in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
Further, a mark for placing the fungus bag is arranged in the placing groove.
Further, the two conveying mechanisms are arranged, one conveying mechanism is matched with the movable frame, and the other conveying mechanism is matched with the fixed frame; the conveying mechanism is obliquely arranged, and the two conveyors form a V shape;
the conveying mechanism comprises a transmission belt, a transmission roller and a third motor;
the two ends of one side of the base are respectively provided with a driving roller in a rotating way, and the driving belt is wound between the two driving rollers; a gap is arranged between the two driving belts;
the third motor is in driving connection with one of the driving rollers, and the third motor is fixedly arranged on the base.
Further, a baffle is arranged in the transmission belt; one side of the baffle is fixedly connected with the base; the baffle is matched with the upper side of the transmission belt.
Further, two ends of one side of the base are provided with first T-shaped sliding grooves; the two ends of the bottom of the movable frame are fixedly provided with first T-shaped sliding blocks which are in sliding fit with the first T-shaped sliding grooves; the two first T-shaped sliding blocks are in one-to-one correspondence with the two first T-shaped sliding grooves.
The invention also comprises a method for cultivating the pleurotus eryngii, which comprises the following steps of;
s1, enabling the movable frame to move to one end far away from the fixed frame; placing the prepared fungus bags in a placing groove of a placing rack, and enabling the fruiting direction of the pleurotus eryngii to face outwards;
s2, when the pleurotus eryngii is ripe, the movable frame is moved to one end close to the fixed frame; starting the second driving assembly to enable the extrusion plate to extrude the fungus bag, and closing the second driving assembly after the extrusion plate moves a certain distance;
s3, starting a first driving assembly, wherein the first driving assembly drives the extrusion plate to reciprocate along the length direction of the placing groove, so that the fungus bag is driven by the extrusion plate to reciprocate and roll, further culture soil in the fungus bag becomes loose, and the pleurotus eryngii is easy to pull out; then the first driving component is closed, so that the extrusion plate stops moving left and right, and the second driving component is started again, so that the extrusion plate compresses the fungus bag;
s4, starting a third driving assembly to enable the first elastic belt and the second elastic belt to move relatively, so that the first elastic belt and the second elastic belt clamp pleurotus eryngii; then closing the third driving assembly to enable the pleurotus eryngii to keep a clamped state;
s5, starting a second electric push rod, and enabling the second electric push rod to drive the mounting plate to move outwards so as to separate the pleurotus eryngii from the fungus bag; then closing the second electric push rod and keeping the mounting plate in the state at the moment;
s6, starting the third driving assembly again to enable the first elastic belt and the second elastic belt to deviate from each other, and enabling the pleurotus eryngii to drop onto the conveying mechanism under the action of gravity; the conveying mechanism conveys the pleurotus eryngii to one end of the base for collection.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the culture soil in the fungus bag becomes loose through the reciprocating motion of the extrusion plate, so that the root of the pleurotus eryngii is not adhered to the culture soil, and the pleurotus eryngii is easy to pull out.
2. The first elastic belt and the second elastic belt can clamp pleurotus eryngii with different stipe diameters through the matching of the magnet and the iron block.
3. The first elastic belt and the second elastic belt can clamp pleurotus eryngii with different diameters through the matching of the magnet and the iron block.
4. When the pleurotus eryngii is separated from the fungus bag, the root of the pleurotus eryngii moves downwards under the action of gravity, the corresponding pleurotus eryngii on the fixed frame and the movable frame collide, and then culture soil adhered on the pleurotus eryngii falls off.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention in a first direction;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention in a second direction;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the conveyor mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the rack according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a rack of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view illustrating the installation of a first electric putter in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the connecting ring of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the installation of an incomplete gear in the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the separating mechanism of the present invention;
fig. 10 is an enlarged view of a portion a of fig. 9 in the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a base; 2. a transmission belt; 3. a driving roller; 4. a baffle; 5. a fixing frame; 6. a movable frame; 7. the first T-shaped chute; 8. a placing rack; 9. a placement groove; 10. a relief groove; 11. an extrusion plate; 12. a cross slide hole; 13. a cross slide block; 14. a first electric push rod; 15. a connecting ring; 16. a rack; 17. an incomplete gear; 18. a first motor; 19. a mounting plate; 20. a second electric push rod; 21. the second T-shaped chute; 22. a two-way threaded rod; 23. a first connection block; 24. a second connection block; 25. a first elastic belt; 26. a magnet; 27. a second elastic belt; 28. iron blocks; 29. a fungus bag; 30. pleurotus eryngii.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 10, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the pleurotus eryngii cultivation device comprises a base 1, an extrusion mechanism, a separation mechanism and a conveying mechanism.
The base 1 is U-shaped, and one side of the base 1 is fixedly provided with a fixed frame 5, and the other side of the base 1 is slidably provided with a movable frame 6. Specifically, the two ends of one side of the base 1 are provided with a first T-shaped sliding groove 7, and the two ends of the bottom of the movable frame 6 are fixedly provided with a first T-shaped sliding block which is in sliding fit with the first T-shaped sliding groove 7. The two first T-shaped sliding blocks are in one-to-one correspondence with the two first T-shaped sliding grooves 7.
The fixed frame 5 and the movable frame 6 are provided with a plurality of discharging racks 8 in an inclined and fixed mode, and the plurality of discharging racks 8 are arranged in parallel. The placing rack 8 is provided with a placing groove 9, and the opening of the placing groove 9 is inclined upwards. The placing groove 9 is internally provided with a mark for placing the fungus bag 29, and the fungus bag 29 can be placed at a designated position of the placing groove 9 according to the mark. When the fungus bags 29 are placed in the placing groove 9, a certain distance is reserved between the fungus bags 29 at two ends of the placing groove 9 and the end wall of the placing groove 9, and the fungus bags 29 on the movable frame 6 are opposite to the fungus bags 29 on the fixed frame 5 one by one.
The pressing mechanism includes a pressing plate 11, a first driving assembly, and a second driving assembly. The squeeze plate 11 is arranged on the top wall of the placement groove 9, and the first driving assembly and the second driving assembly are both in driving connection with the squeeze plate 11. The first driving assembly drives the pressing plate 11 to reciprocate along the length direction of the placement groove 9. The second drive assembly drives the squeeze plate 11 toward or away from the top wall of the placement tank 9, causing the squeeze plate 11 to be toward or away from the fungus bag 29.
The two ends of the placing groove 9 on the placing frame 8 are provided with the yielding grooves 10, and the yielding grooves 10 provide sufficient space for the reciprocating movement of the extrusion plate 11.
Specifically, the first driving assembly comprises a connecting ring 15, a cross slide 13, an incomplete gear 17 and a first motor 18.
The upper end of the placing frame 8 is provided with a cross slide hole 12, and the cross slide block 13 is in sliding fit with the cross slide hole 12. The cross slide blocks 13 are two, and the two cross slide blocks 13 are in one-to-one correspondence with the two ends of the extrusion plate 11. The cross slide 13 is connected with the extrusion plate 11 through a second driving assembly. The connecting ring 15 is fixedly connected between the two cross blocks 13. The two ends of the connecting ring 15 are respectively fixedly connected with a cross slide block 13. The inner ring of the connecting ring 15 is symmetrically and fixedly provided with racks 16, and the two racks 16 are oppositely arranged, and for convenience of explanation, the two racks 16 are named as a first rack 16 and a second rack 16 respectively. Both racks 16 cooperate with an incomplete gear 17. The incomplete gear 17 is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the first motor 18. The rack 8 is provided with a first mounting groove, and the first motor 18 is fixedly arranged in the first mounting groove.
The second drive assembly includes a first electric push rod 14. The cross slide block 13 is provided with a second mounting groove and a first electric push rod 14FixingIs arranged in the second mounting groove. The extrusion plate 11 is fixedly connected with the output end of the first electric push rod 14.
The first electric push rod 14 is extended to move the squeeze plate 11 in the direction of the fungus bag 29, thereby squeezing the fungus bag 29 by the squeeze plate 11, and further, applying a predetermined pressure to the fungus bag 29 by the squeeze plate 11.
The first motor 18 is then started, and the first motor 18 rotates the incomplete gear 17. When the incomplete gear 17 is meshed with the first rack 16, the second rack 16 is disengaged from the incomplete gear 17, so that the incomplete gear 17 drives the first rack 16 to move, and the direction of movement of the first rack 16 is assumed to be positive. The first rack 16 drives the connecting ring 15 to move forward, so that the cross slide 13 moves forward, and the extrusion plate 11 moves forward. With the rotation of the incomplete gear 17, the incomplete gear 17 is gradually disengaged from the first rack 16, and then the incomplete gear 17 is engaged with the second rack 16. Because the first rack 16 and the second rack 16 are oppositely arranged, the incomplete gear 17 drives the second rack 16 to move reversely, so that the connecting ring 15 moves reversely, and the extrusion plate 11 is driven to move reversely through the cross slide block 13. Thus, the pressing plate 11 reciprocates with the rotation of the incomplete gear 17. The extruding plate 11 drives the fungus bag 29 to roll in the placing groove 9, so that the culture soil in the fungus bag 29 becomes loose, the root of the pleurotus eryngii 30 is not adhered to the culture soil, and the pleurotus eryngii 30 is pulled out more easily.
The separation mechanism comprises a first elastic band 25, a second elastic band 27, a mounting plate 19, a third drive assembly. The second electric push rod 20 is fixedly arranged at both ends of the placing frame 8. The output ends of the second electric push rods 20 are fixedly provided with mounting plates 19. The first elastic band 25 and the second elastic band 27 are disposed in parallel between the two mounting plates 19. The first elastic band 25 and the second elastic band 27 are moved relatively or away from each other by the third driving assembly.
When the first elastic belt 25 and the second elastic belt 27 relatively move, the first elastic belt 25 and the second elastic belt 27 clamp the mushroom handles of the pleurotus eryngii 30, then the second electric push rod 20 is extended, the first elastic belt 25 and the second elastic belt 27 are further moved outwards, and the pleurotus eryngii 30 is pulled out of the mushroom bag 29.
More preferably, the first elastic belt 25 is fixedly provided with a plurality of magnets 26, and the magnets 26 correspond to the gaps of the adjacent fungus bags 29. The second elastic band 27 is provided with a plurality of iron blocks 28, and the plurality of magnets 26 are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of iron blocks 28. The magnet 26 is matched with the iron block 28 so that the first elastic belt 25 and the second elastic belt 27 can clamp the pleurotus eryngii 30 with different stipe diameters.
The third driving components are two, the two third driving components are in one-to-one correspondence with the two mounting plates 19, and the third driving components are mounted on the corresponding mounting plates 19.
The third drive assembly comprises a bi-directional threaded rod 22, a first connection block 23, a second connection block 24, and a second motor.
The mounting plate 19 is provided with a second T-shaped chute 21, and a bidirectional threaded rod 22 is rotatably arranged in the second T-shaped chute 21. The bi-directional threaded rod 22 includes a first threaded section and a second threaded section, the first threaded section and the second threaded section are fixedly connected, and the screw threads of the first threaded section and the second threaded section are opposite in screw direction.
The first connecting block 23 and the second connecting block 24 are in limit sliding fit with the second T-shaped chute 21. The first connecting blocks 23 are in threaded connection with the first threaded sections, the second connecting blocks 24 are in threaded connection with the second threaded sections, the first elastic band 25 is fixedly arranged between the two first connecting blocks 23, and the second elastic band 27 is fixedly arranged between the two second connecting blocks 24. The bidirectional threaded rod 22 rotates, so that the first connecting block 23 and the second connecting block 24 move relatively or move away from each other, and further the first elastic band 25 and the second elastic band 27 move relatively or move away from each other.
The second motor is in driving connection with the bidirectional threaded rod 22, and the second motor is fixedly arranged at one end of the second T-shaped chute 21. The second motor rotates the bi-directional threaded rod 22.
The conveying mechanism is arranged on the base 1. The conveying mechanism is provided with two conveying mechanisms, one conveying mechanism corresponds to the fixed frame 5, the other conveying mechanism corresponds to the movable frame 6, the two conveying mechanisms are obliquely arranged, the two conveying mechanisms form a V shape, and a certain gap is reserved between the two conveying mechanisms. The design of the gap between the conveying mechanisms enables the sticky culture soil on the pleurotus eryngii 30 to pass through, but the pleurotus eryngii 30 cannot fall from the gap and cannot be blocked into the gap when falling onto the conveyor belt.
The conveying mechanism comprises a driving belt 2, a driving roller 3 and a third motor.
The driving roller 3 is rotatably arranged at both ends of one side of the base 1. The third motor is fixedly arranged on the base 1 and is in driving connection with one of the driving rollers 3. The drive belt 2 is wound between two drive rollers 3. A baffle plate 4 is arranged between the driving belts 2, one side of the baffle plate 4 is fixedly connected with the base 1, and the baffle plate 4 is close to the upper side of the driving belts 2. Thus, when a plurality of pleurotus eryngii 30 are arranged on the conveyor belt, the conveyor belt is prevented from moving abnormally under the action of the gravity of the pleurotus eryngii 30.
Working principle: in the initial state, the pressing plate 11 abuts against the top wall of the placement groove 9. The second electric push rod 20 is in a shortened state, the mounting plate 19 is close to the corresponding placing frame 8, and the first connecting block 23 and the second connecting block 24 are positioned at two ends of the mounting plate 19, and at the moment, the distance between the first elastic belt 25 and the corresponding second elastic belt 27 is the farthest.
When in use, the movable frame 6 is pushed, so that the first T-shaped sliding block at the bottom end of the movable frame 6 moves along the first T-shaped sliding groove 7 to the end far away from the fixed frame 5, and the movable frame 6 moves to the end far away from the fixed frame 5. The prepared fungus bags 29 are placed in the placing grooves 9 on the placing frame 8 according to the marks of the fungus bags 29, and the fruiting direction of the pleurotus eryngii 30 is outwards.
When the pleurotus eryngii 30 is ripe and needs to be picked, the movable frame 6 is pushed, the first T-shaped sliding block at the bottom end of the movable frame 6 moves towards one end close to the fixed frame 5 along the first T-shaped sliding groove 7, and the movable frame 6 moves to one end close to the fixed frame 5. Then, the first electric push rod 14 is activated, and the first electric push rod 14 is extended, so that the squeeze plate 11 is moved in a direction approaching the fungus bag 29, and the squeeze plate 11 is caused to apply a certain pressure to the fungus bag 29. The first electric push rod 14 is then closed, and the squeeze of the fungus bag 29 by the squeeze plate 11 is maintained.
The first motor 18 is started, and the first motor 18 drives the incomplete gear 17 to rotate. When the incomplete gear 17 is meshed with the first rack 16, the second rack 16 is disengaged from the incomplete gear 17, so that the incomplete gear 17 drives the first rack 16 to move, and the direction of movement of the first rack 16 is assumed to be positive. The first rack 16 drives the connecting ring 15 to move forward, so that the cross slide 13 moves forward, and the extrusion plate 11 moves forward. With the rotation of the incomplete gear 17, the incomplete gear 17 is gradually disengaged from the first rack 16, and then the incomplete gear 17 is engaged with the second rack 16. Because the first rack 16 and the second rack 16 are oppositely arranged, the incomplete gear 17 drives the second rack 16 to move reversely, so that the connecting ring 15 moves reversely, and the extrusion plate 11 is driven to move reversely through the cross slide block 13. This causes the pressing plate 11 to reciprocate with the rotation of the incomplete gear 17. The extruding plate 11 drives the fungus bag 29 to roll reciprocally in the placing groove 9, so that the culture soil in the fungus bag 29 becomes loose, the root of the pleurotus eryngii 30 is not adhered to the culture soil, and the pleurotus eryngii 30 is pulled out more easily. The first motor 18 is then turned off.
The first electric push rod 14 is started again, so that the first electric push rod 14 is extended, the extrusion plate 11 is further moved towards the fungus bag 29, and enough extrusion force is applied to the fungus bag 29, so that the pleurotus eryngii 30 can be conveniently pulled out. Then, the second motor is started, the second motor drives the bidirectional threaded rod 22 to rotate, and the bidirectional threaded rod 22 drives the first connecting block 23 and the second connecting block 24 to move in opposite directions, so that the first elastic belt 25 and the second elastic belt 27 move in opposite directions. When the first connection block 23 and the second connection block 24 are in contact, the second motor is turned off. At this time, the distance between the first elastic band 25 and the second elastic band 27 is the smallest and both are close to the pleurotus eryngii 30. Each magnet 26 is attracted to the corresponding iron block 28, and the first elastic band 25 and the second elastic band 27 between adjacent pleurotus eryngii 30 are fixed together, so that the pleurotus eryngii 30 with different mushroom stem diameters are clamped between the first elastic band 25 and the second elastic band 27.
The second electric push rod 20 is started to extend the second electric push rod 20, the second electric push rod 20 drives the mounting plate 19 to move outwards, and the mounting plate 19 drives the first elastic belt 25 and the second elastic belt 27 to move outwards. The first elastic belt 25 and the second elastic belt 27 drive the pleurotus eryngii 30 to move outwards, so that the pleurotus eryngii 30 is separated from the corresponding fungus bag 29. In this process, since the diameter of the cap of the pleurotus eryngii 30 is larger than the diameter of the stem, the first elastic band 25 and the second elastic band 27 can drive the whole pleurotus eryngii 30 to move outwards through the cap. Because the root of the pleurotus eryngii 30 is not adhered to the fungus bag 29, the pleurotus eryngii 30 can be pulled out of the fungus bag 29 without great force on the pleurotus eryngii 30 Shi Jiatai, and the pleurotus eryngii 30 is damaged.
When the mounting plate 19 on the movable frame 6 contacts with the corresponding mounting plate 19 on the fixed frame 5, the second electric push rod 20 is closed and the mounting plate 19 is kept in the state at this time. At this time, the pleurotus eryngii 30 is pulled out, the root of the pleurotus eryngii 30 rotates downwards under the action of gravity, and the first elastic belt 25 and the second elastic belt 27 are driven to rotate by a certain angle.
When the root of the pleurotus eryngii 30 is vertically downward, the root of the pleurotus eryngii 30 can swing reciprocally in a certain time under the action of inertia and gravity, and then the root of the pleurotus eryngii 30 is vertically downward under the action of gravity. In the swing process of the pleurotus eryngii 30, the root of the pleurotus eryngii 30 on the fixed frame 5 collides with the root of the pleurotus eryngii 30 on the opposite movable frame 6, so that the sticky culture soil at the root of the pleurotus eryngii 30 falls off, and the fallen culture soil falls onto the transmission belt 2 below and falls from a gap between the two transmission belts 2.
The second motor is then started again and the third motor is started simultaneously. The third motor drives the driving belt 2 to move through the driving roller 3. The second motor drives the bi-directional threaded rod 22 to drive the first connecting block 23 and the second connecting block 24 to move away, and drives the first elastic band 25 and the second elastic band 27 to move away until the first elastic band 25 and the second elastic band 27 return to the original state. The magnet 26 is separated from the iron block 28, the pleurotus eryngii 30 is separated from the first elastic belt 25 and the second elastic belt 27, the clamping of the first elastic belt 25 and the second elastic belt 27 is lost, the pleurotus eryngii 30 falls down onto the driving belt 2 under the action of gravity, and the driving belt 2 conveys the pleurotus eryngii 30 to one side of the base 1 for collection. When the pleurotus eryngii 30 falls, the root parts of the pleurotus eryngii 30 face downwards, so that the root parts of the pleurotus eryngii 30 are contacted with the driving belt 2, and the head parts of the pleurotus eryngii 30 can be prevented from being damaged. When the first elastic band 25 and the second elastic band 27 are separated from the pleurotus eryngii 30, the first elastic band 25 and the second elastic band 27 recover to a natural state under the action of self elasticity.
The invention also comprises a culture method of the pleurotus eryngii, and the culture device of the pleurotus eryngii 30 comprises the following specific steps:
s1, enabling the movable frame 6 to move to one end far away from the fixed frame 5; placing the prepared fungus bags 29 in the placing grooves 9 of the placing frame 8, and enabling the fruiting direction of the pleurotus eryngii 30 to face outwards;
s2, when the pleurotus eryngii 30 is ripe, the movable frame 6 is moved to one end close to the fixed frame 5; starting the second driving assembly to enable the extrusion plate 11 to extrude the fungus bag 29, and closing the second driving assembly after the extrusion plate 11 moves a certain distance;
s3, starting a first driving assembly, wherein the first driving assembly drives the extrusion plate 11 to reciprocate along the length direction of the placing groove 9, so that the fungus bag 29 rolls reciprocally under the drive of the extrusion plate 11, and further the culture soil in the fungus bag 29 becomes loose, and the pleurotus eryngii 30 is easy to pull out; then the first driving assembly is closed, so that the squeeze plate 11 stops moving left and right, and the second driving assembly is started again, so that the squeeze plate 11 compresses the fungus bag 29;
s4, starting a third driving assembly to enable the first elastic belt 25 and the second elastic belt 27 to move relatively, and enabling the first elastic belt 25 and the second elastic belt 27 to clamp the pleurotus eryngii 30; then closing the third driving assembly to enable the pleurotus eryngii 30 to be kept in a clamped state;
s5, starting a second electric push rod 20, and enabling the second electric push rod 20 to drive the mounting plate 19 to move outwards so as to separate the pleurotus eryngii 30 from the fungus bag 29; then the second electric push rod 20 is closed, and the mounting plate 19 is kept in the state at the moment;
s6, starting the third driving assembly again to enable the first elastic belt 25 and the second elastic belt 27 to move away from each other, and enabling the pleurotus eryngii 30 to fall onto the conveying mechanism under the action of gravity; the conveying mechanism conveys the pleurotus eryngii 30 to one end of the base 1 for collection.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments described, or equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and changes may be made without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A pleurotus eryngii cultivation device, comprising:
the base (1), the base (1) is U-shaped, one side of the base (1) is fixedly provided with a fixed frame (5), and the other side of the base (1) is provided with a movable frame (6) in a sliding manner; a plurality of discharge racks (8) are arranged on the fixed frame (5) and the movable frame (6); a placing groove (9) for placing a fungus bag (29) is formed in the placing rack (8), and an opening of the placing groove (9) is inclined upwards; the inner walls of the two ends of the placing groove (9) are provided with a yielding groove (10);
the extrusion mechanism comprises an extrusion plate (11), a first driving assembly and a second driving assembly; the extruding plate (11) is arranged on the top wall of the placing groove (9); the first driving assembly and the second driving assembly are in driving connection with the extrusion plate (11); the first driving component drives the extrusion plate (11) to reciprocate along the length direction of the placing groove (9); the second driving component drives the extrusion plate (11) to be close to or far away from the top wall of the placing groove (9);
a separation mechanism comprising a first elastic belt (25), a second elastic belt (27), a mounting plate (19), a third drive assembly; two ends of the placing frame (8) are fixedly provided with second electric push rods (20); the output end of the second electric push rod (20) is fixedly provided with a mounting plate (19); the first elastic belt (25) and the second elastic belt (27) are arranged in parallel between the two mounting plates (19); the first elastic belt (25) and the second elastic belt (27) move relatively or away from each other under the action of a third driving assembly;
and the conveying mechanism is arranged on the base (1).
2. The pleurotus eryngii cultivation device according to claim 1, wherein: the first driving assembly comprises a connecting ring (15), a cross slide block (13), an incomplete gear (17) and a first motor (18);
the upper end of the placement frame (8) is provided with a cross sliding hole (12); the cross slide block (13) is in sliding fit with the cross slide hole (12); the two cross sliding blocks (13) are arranged, and the two cross sliding blocks (13) are in one-to-one correspondence with the two ends of the extrusion plate (11); the cross slide block (13) is connected with the extrusion plate (11) through a second driving component;
the connecting ring (15) is fixedly connected between the two cross sliding blocks (13); racks (16) are symmetrically and fixedly arranged on the inner ring of the connecting ring (15);
the upper end of the placement frame (8) is provided with a first mounting groove, and the first motor (18) is fixedly arranged in the first mounting groove; the incomplete gear (17) is fixedly arranged on an output shaft of the first motor (18); the incomplete gear (17) is matched with the rack (16).
3. The pleurotus eryngii cultivation device according to claim 2, wherein: the second drive assembly includes a first electric pushrod (14); the cross slide block (13) is provided with a second mounting groove; the first electric push rod (14) is fixedly arranged in the second mounting groove, and the extrusion plate (11) is fixedly arranged at the output end of the first electric push rod (14).
4. The pleurotus eryngii cultivation device according to claim 1, wherein:
the two third driving assemblies are in one-to-one correspondence with the two mounting plates (19); the third driving components are arranged on the corresponding mounting plates (19);
the third driving assembly comprises a bidirectional threaded rod (22), a first connecting block (23), a second connecting block (24) and a second motor;
the mounting plate (19) is provided with a second T-shaped chute (21), and the bidirectional threaded rod (22) is rotatably arranged in the second T-shaped chute (21); the bi-directional threaded rod (22) comprises a first thread section and a second thread section; the first thread section and the second thread section are fixedly connected, and the thread screw directions of the first thread section and the second thread section are opposite;
the first connecting block (23) and the second connecting block (24) are in limit sliding fit with the second T-shaped chute (21); the first connecting block (23) is in threaded connection with the first threaded section, and the second connecting block (24) is in threaded connection with the second threaded section; the first elastic belt (25) is fixedly arranged between the two first connecting blocks (23); the second elastic belt (27) is fixedly arranged between the two second connecting blocks (24);
the second motor is fixedly arranged at one end of the second T-shaped chute (21), and the second motor is in driving connection with the bidirectional threaded rod (22).
5. The pleurotus eryngii cultivation device according to claim 1, wherein: the first elastic belt (25) is provided with a plurality of magnets (26); the magnet (26) corresponds to a gap between adjacent fungus bags (29); the second elastic belt (27) is provided with a plurality of iron blocks (28), and a plurality of magnets (26) are matched with the iron blocks (28) in a one-to-one correspondence mode.
6. The pleurotus eryngii cultivation device according to claim 1, wherein: the placing groove (9) is internally provided with a mark for placing a fungus bag (29).
7. The device and method for cultivating pleurotus eryngii according to claim 1, wherein: the two conveying mechanisms are arranged, one conveying mechanism is matched with the movable frame (6), and the other conveying mechanism is matched with the fixed frame (5); the conveying mechanism is obliquely arranged, and the two conveyors form a V shape;
the conveying mechanism comprises a driving belt (2), a driving roller (3) and a third motor;
the two ends of one side of the base (1) are respectively provided with a driving roller (3) in a rotating way, and the driving belt (2) is wound between the two driving rollers (3); a gap is arranged between the two driving belts (2);
the third motor is in driving connection with one of the driving rollers (3), and the third motor is fixedly arranged on the base (1).
8. The pleurotus eryngii cultivation device according to claim 7, wherein: a baffle (4) is arranged in the transmission belt (2); one side of the baffle (4) is fixedly connected with the base (1); the baffle (4) is matched with the upper side of the transmission belt (2).
9. The pleurotus eryngii cultivation device according to claim 1, wherein: both ends of one side of the base (1) are provided with first T-shaped sliding grooves (7); the two ends of the bottom of the movable frame (6) are fixedly provided with first T-shaped sliding blocks which are in sliding fit with the first T-shaped sliding grooves (7); the two first T-shaped sliding blocks are in one-to-one correspondence with the two first T-shaped sliding grooves (7).
10. A method for cultivating pleurotus eryngii, which adopts the device for cultivating pleurotus eryngii according to claim 1, and is characterized by comprising the following steps;
s1, enabling the movable frame (6) to move to one end far away from the fixed frame (5); placing the prepared fungus bags (29) in a placing groove (9) of a placing frame (8), and enabling fruiting directions of pleurotus eryngii (30) to face outwards;
s2, when the pleurotus eryngii (30) is mature, the movable frame (6) is moved to one end close to the fixed frame (5); starting the second driving assembly to enable the extrusion plate (11) to extrude the fungus bag (29), and closing the second driving assembly after the extrusion plate (11) moves a certain distance;
s3, starting a first driving assembly, wherein the first driving assembly drives the extrusion plate (11) to reciprocate along the length direction of the placing groove (9), so that the fungus bag (29) rolls reciprocally under the drive of the extrusion plate (11), further the culture soil in the fungus bag (29) becomes loose, and the pleurotus eryngii (30) is easy to pull out; then the first driving assembly is closed, the squeeze plate (11) stops moving leftwards and rightwards, and the second driving assembly is started again, so that the squeeze plate (11) compresses the fungus bag (29);
s4, starting a third driving assembly to enable the first elastic belt (25) and the second elastic belt (27) to move relatively, and enabling the first elastic belt (25) and the second elastic belt (27) to clamp the pleurotus eryngii (30); then closing the third driving assembly to enable the pleurotus eryngii (30) to be kept in a clamped state;
s5, starting a second electric push rod (20), and enabling the second electric push rod (20) to drive the mounting plate (19) to move outwards so as to separate the pleurotus eryngii (30) from the fungus bag (29); then closing the second electric push rod (20) and keeping the mounting plate (19) in the state at the moment;
s6, starting the third driving assembly again to enable the first elastic belt (25) and the second elastic belt (27) to move away from each other, and enabling the pleurotus eryngii (30) to fall onto the conveying mechanism under the action of gravity; the conveying mechanism conveys the pleurotus eryngii (30) to one end of the base (1) for collection.
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| CN116472920B (en) | 2023-10-27 |
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