CN116466778B - Automatic control method for chicken house ventilation based on data-driven and event reasoning - Google Patents

Automatic control method for chicken house ventilation based on data-driven and event reasoning Download PDF

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CN116466778B
CN116466778B CN202310306150.4A CN202310306150A CN116466778B CN 116466778 B CN116466778 B CN 116466778B CN 202310306150 A CN202310306150 A CN 202310306150A CN 116466778 B CN116466778 B CN 116466778B
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CN116466778A (en
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曹鹏飞
贺凯迅
钟宁帆
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Shandong University of Science and Technology
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05DSYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D27/00Simultaneous control of variables covered by two or more of main groups G05D1/00 - G05D25/00
    • G05D27/02Simultaneous control of variables covered by two or more of main groups G05D1/00 - G05D25/00 characterised by the use of electric means
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/70Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating

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Abstract

本发明属于自动化养殖技术领域,具体公开了一种基于数据驱动和事件推理的鸡舍通风自动控制方法。其中数据驱动模型以影响鸡舍环境最主要的参量为输入,对当前鸡舍环境所需的通风量进行估计,该模型结构合理简单,易于操作和维护,能够根据环境数据的变化快速计算所需通风;事件推理模型以推理基函数形式构建,通过事件的推理获取通风量的修正值,确保事件发生期间能够提供合适的通风。本发明方法结合鸡舍内、外环境数据的变化和事件的触发,通过模型手段对排气风机和进风小窗进行调控,实现了鸡舍通风的实时自动化调控,同时维持舍内负压恒定,确保了在无人巡检时间段内对鸡舍环境的有效调控,同时也为缺少经验的饲养人员提供通风调控的有力支持。

The invention belongs to the field of automated breeding technology, and specifically discloses an automatic control method for chicken house ventilation based on data-driven and event reasoning. Among them, the data-driven model uses the most important parameters that affect the chicken house environment as input to estimate the ventilation required for the current chicken house environment. The model has a reasonable and simple structure, is easy to operate and maintain, and can quickly calculate the required ventilation according to changes in environmental data. Ventilation; the event inference model is constructed in the form of an inference basis function, and the correction value of the ventilation volume is obtained through event inference to ensure that appropriate ventilation can be provided during the event. The method of the present invention combines the changes in environmental data inside and outside the chicken house and the triggering of events, and regulates the exhaust fan and the air inlet window through model means, thereby realizing real-time automatic control of ventilation in the chicken house while maintaining a constant negative pressure in the house. , ensuring effective control of the chicken house environment during unattended inspection periods, and also providing strong support for ventilation control for inexperienced breeders.

Description

基于数据驱动和事件推理的鸡舍通风自动控制方法Automatic control method for chicken house ventilation based on data-driven and event reasoning

技术领域Technical field

本发明属于自动化养殖技术领域,特别涉及一种基于数据驱动和事件推理的鸡舍通风自动控制方法。The invention belongs to the field of automated breeding technology, and in particular relates to an automatic control method for chicken house ventilation based on data-driven and event reasoning.

背景技术Background technique

在鸡群养殖过程中,鸡舍环境对于鸡群的生长具有至关重要的作用,保证鸡舍环境适宜的最有效和最直接的手段就是调整通风量,通风能够为鸡舍提供足够的空气流动,以维持合适的温度和湿度,排除有害气体,抑制病菌滋生,防止疾病传播。现代化鸡舍中大都安装了通风控制系统,饲养人员可以在操作界面上设置环境参量和通风量来实现通风调节。In the process of raising chickens, the environment of the chicken house plays a vital role in the growth of the chickens. The most effective and direct way to ensure a suitable environment for the chicken house is to adjust the ventilation volume. Ventilation can provide sufficient air flow for the chicken house. , to maintain appropriate temperature and humidity, eliminate harmful gases, inhibit the growth of germs, and prevent the spread of diseases. Most modern chicken houses are equipped with ventilation control systems. Breeders can set environmental parameters and ventilation volume on the operation interface to achieve ventilation adjustment.

然而在实际操作过程中,饲养人员都是根据鸡的行为特征、环境的变化以及喂水料、免疫等事件来手动修改通风量和进风小窗开度,并没有真正实现鸡舍通风的自动控制。此外,饲养人员通常是每隔一端时间进行巡检,无法做到实时监测鸡的状态。同时,鸡群养殖依赖大量的经验,对于缺乏饲养经验的人员,很难调整合适的通风量以确保鸡群的生长性能。However, in the actual operation process, the breeders manually modify the ventilation volume and the opening of the air inlet window based on the behavior characteristics of the chickens, changes in the environment, water feeding, immunity and other events, and do not truly realize the automatic ventilation of the chicken house. control. In addition, breeders usually conduct inspections at regular intervals and cannot monitor the status of chickens in real time. At the same time, chicken farming relies on a lot of experience. For those who lack breeding experience, it is difficult to adjust the appropriate ventilation volume to ensure the growth performance of the chickens.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明的目的在于提出一种基于数据驱动和事件推理的鸡舍通风自动控制方法,该方法结合鸡舍内、外环境数据的变化以及事件的触发,通过所提模型对排气风机以及进风小窗进行调控,从而实现对鸡舍通风的实时自动化调控。The purpose of the present invention is to propose an automatic control method for chicken house ventilation based on data-driven and event reasoning. This method combines the changes in internal and external environmental data of the chicken house and the triggering of events to control the exhaust fan and air inlet through the proposed model. Small windows are used for regulation and control, thereby realizing real-time automatic control of ventilation in the chicken house.

本发明为了实现上述目的,采用如下技术方案:In order to achieve the above objects, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

基于数据驱动和事件推理的鸡舍通风自动控制方法,采用鸡舍通风自动化系统实现;An automatic control method for chicken house ventilation based on data-driven and event reasoning is implemented using a chicken house ventilation automation system;

其中,鸡舍通风自动化系统包括传感器、数据采集器、事件采集器、主控制器、风机调节控制器、小窗调节控制器、排气风机和小窗电机;Among them, the chicken house ventilation automation system includes sensors, data collectors, event collectors, main controllers, fan adjustment controllers, small window adjustment controllers, exhaust fans and small window motors;

传感器与数据采集器相连,传感器包括舍内温度传感器、湿度传感器、舍外温度传感器、二氧化碳传感器、氨气传感器、硫化氢传感器以及负压传感器;The sensors are connected to the data collector. The sensors include indoor temperature sensor, humidity sensor, outdoor temperature sensor, carbon dioxide sensor, ammonia sensor, hydrogen sulfide sensor and negative pressure sensor;

舍内温度传感器用于检测舍内温度;湿度传感器用于检测舍内湿度;舍外温度传感器用于检测舍外温度;二氧化碳传感器用于检测舍内二氧化碳浓度;氨气传感器用于检测舍内氨气浓度;硫化氢传感器用于检测舍内硫化氢浓度;负压传感器用于检测舍内负压;The temperature sensor inside the house is used to detect the temperature inside the house; the humidity sensor is used to detect the humidity inside the house; the temperature sensor outside the house is used to detect the temperature outside the house; the carbon dioxide sensor is used to detect the carbon dioxide concentration inside the house; the ammonia sensor is used to detect ammonia inside the house gas concentration; the hydrogen sulfide sensor is used to detect the hydrogen sulfide concentration in the house; the negative pressure sensor is used to detect the negative pressure in the house;

数据采集器分别与主控制器以及小窗调节控制器相连;The data collector is connected to the main controller and the small window adjustment controller respectively;

事件采集器与主控制器相连;The event collector is connected to the main controller;

主控制器与风机调节控制器以及小窗调节控制器分别相连,风机调节控制器与排气风机相连,小窗调节控制器与小窗电机相连;The main controller is connected to the fan adjustment controller and the small window adjustment controller respectively, the fan adjustment controller is connected to the exhaust fan, and the small window adjustment controller is connected to the small window motor;

在主控制器内存储有数据驱动模型、事件推理模型以及小窗开度模型,在风机调节控制器内存储有风机计算模型,在小窗调节控制器内存储有小窗电机位移连续控制模型;The data-driven model, event reasoning model and small window opening model are stored in the main controller, the fan calculation model is stored in the fan adjustment controller, and the small window motor displacement continuous control model is stored in the small window adjustment controller;

所述鸡舍通风自动控制方法,包括如下步骤:The automatic control method for chicken house ventilation includes the following steps:

步骤1.数据采集器实时采集各种传感器数据,包括舍内温度、舍外温度、舍内湿度、舍内二氧化碳浓度、舍内氨气浓度、舍内硫化氢浓度以及舍内负压;Step 1. The data collector collects various sensor data in real time, including temperature inside the house, temperature outside the house, humidity inside the house, carbon dioxide concentration inside the house, ammonia concentration inside the house, hydrogen sulfide concentration inside the house, and negative pressure inside the house;

数据采集器对采集的传感器数据进行预处理后,再将预处理后的数据实时发送至主控制器和小窗调节控制器;After the data collector preprocesses the collected sensor data, it sends the preprocessed data to the main controller and the small window adjustment controller in real time;

步骤2.事件采集器采集事件信息,并将事件信息发送至主控制器;Step 2. The event collector collects event information and sends the event information to the main controller;

步骤3.主控制器根据数据采集器发送的数据以及当前鸡龄,通过数据驱动模型计算通风量,同时根据事件采集器发送的事件信息,通过事件推理模型对通风量进行修正;Step 3. The main controller calculates the ventilation volume through the data-driven model based on the data sent by the data collector and the current chicken age, and corrects the ventilation volume through the event inference model based on the event information sent by the event collector;

主控制器基于数据驱动模型计算得到的通风量值,加上事件推理模型得到的通风量修正值得到最终的通风量指令,并将通风量指令发送给风机调节控制器;同时,主控制器结合通风量指令,利用小窗开度模型计算进风小窗开度指令,并发送给小窗调节控制器;The main controller calculates the ventilation volume value based on the data-driven model and adds the ventilation volume correction value obtained by the event reasoning model to obtain the final ventilation volume command, and sends the ventilation volume command to the fan adjustment controller; at the same time, the main controller combines The ventilation volume command uses the small window opening model to calculate the air inlet small window opening command and sends it to the small window adjustment controller;

步骤4.风机调节控制器接收来自主控制器的通风量指令后,利用风机计算模型,通过计算得到排气风机的开启周期,控制排气风机的启停;Step 4. After receiving the ventilation volume command from the main controller, the fan adjustment controller uses the fan calculation model to calculate the opening period of the exhaust fan and controls the start and stop of the exhaust fan;

步骤5.小窗调节控制器接收来自主控制器的进风小窗开度指令,同时接收来自数据采集器发送的舍内负压数据,利用小窗电机位移连续控制模型对小窗电机位移进行调控。Step 5. The small window adjustment controller receives the air inlet window opening instruction from the main controller, and at the same time receives the negative pressure data in the house sent from the data collector, and uses the small window motor displacement continuous control model to control the small window motor displacement. Regulation.

本发明具有如下优点和效果:The invention has the following advantages and effects:

如上所述,本发明述及了一种基于数据驱动和事件推理的鸡舍通风自动控制方法,该鸡舍通风自动控制方法结合鸡舍内、外环境数据的变化和事件的触发,通过模型手段(数据驱动模型、事件推理模型、小窗开度模型等)对排气风机和进风小窗进行调控,实现了鸡舍通风的实时自动化调控,同时维持了舍内负压稳定,确保了在无人巡检时间段内对鸡舍环境的有效调控,同时也为缺少经验的饲养人员提供通风调控的有力支持。As mentioned above, the present invention describes a chicken house ventilation automatic control method based on data-driven and event reasoning. The chicken house ventilation automatic control method combines the changes in internal and external environmental data of the chicken house and the triggering of events through model means. (Data-driven model, event reasoning model, small window opening model, etc.) regulate the exhaust fan and air inlet window to achieve real-time automatic control of ventilation in the chicken house, while maintaining the stability of the negative pressure in the house, ensuring that It effectively regulates the chicken house environment during unattended inspection periods, and also provides strong support for ventilation control for inexperienced breeders.

附图说明Description of the drawings

图1为本发明实施例中鸡舍通风自动化系统的组成框图。Figure 1 is a block diagram of a chicken house ventilation automation system in an embodiment of the present invention.

图2为本发明实施例中鸡舍通风自动化系统的安装示意图。Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the chicken house ventilation automation system in the embodiment of the present invention.

图3为本发明实施例中基于数据驱动和事件推理的鸡舍通风自动控制方法的流程图。Figure 3 is a flow chart of an automatic control method for chicken house ventilation based on data-driven and event reasoning in an embodiment of the present invention.

其中,1-数据采集器,2-事件采集器,3-主控制器,4-风机调节控制器,5-小窗调节控制器,6-排气风机,7-小窗电机,8-舍内温度传感器,9-湿度传感器,10-舍外温度传感器,11-二氧化碳传感器,12-氨气传感器,13-硫化氢传感器,14-负压传感器,15-进风小窗。Among them, 1-data collector, 2-event collector, 3-main controller, 4-fan adjustment controller, 5-small window adjustment controller, 6-exhaust fan, 7-small window motor, 8-house Internal temperature sensor, 9-Humidity sensor, 10-Outdoor temperature sensor, 11-Carbon dioxide sensor, 12-Ammonia sensor, 13-Hydrogen sulfide sensor, 14-Negative pressure sensor, 15-Air inlet window.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面结合附图以及具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细说明:The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

本实施例述及了一种基于数据驱动和事件推理的鸡舍通风自动控制方法,以解决现有技术中存在的不足,提高鸡舍环境调控的智能化和无人化程度。This embodiment describes an automatic control method for chicken house ventilation based on data-driven and event reasoning to solve the deficiencies in the existing technology and improve the intelligence and unmanned control of the chicken house environment.

如图1和图2所示,鸡舍通风自动控制方法采用的鸡舍通风自动控制系统包括传感器、数据采集器1、事件采集器2(例如移动终端或触摸屏等输入设备)、主控制器3、风机调节控制器4、小窗调节控制器5、排气风机6和小窗电机7。As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the chicken house ventilation automatic control system used in the chicken house ventilation automatic control method includes a sensor, a data collector 1, an event collector 2 (such as a mobile terminal or an input device such as a touch screen), and a main controller 3 , fan adjustment controller 4, small window adjustment controller 5, exhaust fan 6 and small window motor 7.

传感器与数据采集器1相连。本实施例中传感器有多种,这些传感器检测的都是主要影响通风变化的参量数据,包括舍内温度传感器8、湿度传感器9、舍外温度传感器10、二氧化碳传感器11、氨气传感器12、硫化氢传感器13和负压传感器14。The sensor is connected to the data collector 1. There are many kinds of sensors in this embodiment, and these sensors detect parameter data that mainly affect ventilation changes, including indoor temperature sensor 8, humidity sensor 9, outdoor temperature sensor 10, carbon dioxide sensor 11, ammonia sensor 12, vulcanization sensor, etc. Hydrogen sensor 13 and negative pressure sensor 14.

以上各个传感器的作用分别如下:舍内温度传感器8用于检测舍内温度;湿度传感器9用于检测舍内湿度;舍外温度传感器10用于检测舍外温度;二氧化碳传感器11用于检测舍内二氧化碳浓度;氨气传感器12用于检测舍内氨气浓度;硫化氢传感器13用于检测舍内硫化氢浓度;负压传感器14用于检测舍内负压。The functions of each of the above sensors are as follows: the temperature sensor 8 inside the house is used to detect the temperature inside the house; the humidity sensor 9 is used to detect the humidity inside the house; the temperature sensor outside the house 10 is used to detect the temperature outside the house; and the carbon dioxide sensor 11 is used to detect the temperature inside the house. Carbon dioxide concentration; the ammonia sensor 12 is used to detect the ammonia concentration in the house; the hydrogen sulfide sensor 13 is used to detect the hydrogen sulfide concentration in the house; the negative pressure sensor 14 is used to detect the negative pressure in the house.

这些传感器例如通过无线方式将数据实时发送到数据采集器1,数据采集器1分别与主控制器3以及小窗调节控制器5相连。数据采集器1对检测数据进行预处理后,将舍内温度、湿度、舍外温度、二氧化碳、氨气、硫化氢的数据例如以有线的方式定周期发送给主控制器3,同时将负压数据例如以无线的方式定周期发送给小窗调节控制器5。These sensors send data in real time to the data collector 1 through wireless means, for example. The data collector 1 is connected to the main controller 3 and the small window adjustment controller 5 respectively. After the data collector 1 preprocesses the detection data, it sends the data of indoor temperature, humidity, outdoor temperature, carbon dioxide, ammonia, and hydrogen sulfide to the main controller 3 in a wired manner at regular intervals, and at the same time, the negative pressure The data is periodically sent to the small window adjustment controller 5 in a wireless manner, for example.

此处的预处理包括滤波、去噪、取均值等,此过程比较常规,不再赘述。The preprocessing here includes filtering, denoising, averaging, etc. This process is relatively routine and will not be described again.

事件采集器2与主控制器3相连,饲养人员可以通过事件采集器2录入即将要发生的事件信息,事件采集器2则记录事件信息并发送给主控制器3。The event collector 2 is connected to the main controller 3. Breeders can input event information about to happen through the event collector 2, and the event collector 2 records the event information and sends it to the main controller 3.

此处的事件信息包括即将发生的事件以及事件的开始和结束时间,例如上午8点进行免疫、上午11点结束免疫,事件采集器存储事件信息并发送给主控制器3。The event information here includes the upcoming event and the start and end time of the event, such as immunization at 8 am and end of immunization at 11 am. The event collector stores the event information and sends it to the main controller 3.

主控制器3与风机调节控制器4以及小窗调节控制器5分别相连,风机调节控制器4与排气风机6相连,小窗调节控制器5与小窗电机7相连。The main controller 3 is connected to the fan adjustment controller 4 and the small window adjustment controller 5 respectively. The fan adjustment controller 4 is connected to the exhaust fan 6 , and the small window adjustment controller 5 is connected to the small window motor 7 .

本实施例中主控制器3主要完成通风量指令和进风小窗开度指令的计算。In this embodiment, the main controller 3 mainly completes the calculation of the ventilation volume command and the air inlet window opening command.

在主控制器3中存储有数据驱动模型以及事件推理模型。The main controller 3 stores data-driven models and event reasoning models.

其中主控制器3接收数据采集器1的数据,与鸡龄数据一起通过数据驱动模型,计算通风量;主控制器接收事件采集器2的事件信息,通过事件推理模型计算通风量修正值。Among them, the main controller 3 receives the data from the data collector 1, and calculates the ventilation volume through the data-driven model together with the chicken age data; the main controller receives the event information from the event collector 2 and calculates the ventilation volume correction value through the event inference model.

在得到通风量以及通风量修正值后,主控制器3将数据驱动模型得到的通风量和事件推理模型得到的通风量修正值相加得到最终的通风量指令,并发送给风机调节控制器4。After obtaining the ventilation volume and the ventilation volume correction value, the main controller 3 adds the ventilation volume obtained by the data-driven model and the ventilation volume correction value obtained by the event reasoning model to obtain the final ventilation volume command, and sends it to the fan adjustment controller 4 .

此外,在主控制器3内还存储有小窗开度模型。In addition, the main controller 3 also stores a small window opening model.

通风的变化要求进风小窗15开度做相应的调整,以保证舍内负压恒定,因此主控制器3根据更新的通风量指令,利用小窗开度模型得到小窗开度指令,并发送给小窗调节控制器5。Changes in ventilation require corresponding adjustments to the opening of the air inlet window 15 to ensure constant negative pressure in the house. Therefore, the main controller 3 uses the small window opening model to obtain the small window opening instruction based on the updated ventilation volume instruction, and Sent to small window adjustment controller 5.

排气风机6通过定周期的开启和关闭来提供所需的通风量。The exhaust fan 6 is opened and closed periodically to provide the required ventilation volume.

在风机调节控制器4中存储着风机计算模型,风机调节控制器4接收来自主控制器3的通风量指令,根据风机计算模型得到排气风机的开启周期,控制排气风机6的启停。The fan calculation model is stored in the fan adjustment controller 4. The fan adjustment controller 4 receives the ventilation volume instruction from the main controller 3, obtains the opening period of the exhaust fan according to the fan calculation model, and controls the start and stop of the exhaust fan 6.

在小窗调节控制器5内存储有小窗电机位移连续控制模型。小窗调节控制器5接收来自主控制器3发送的小窗开度指令,同时接收来自数据采集器1发送的负压数据,利用小窗电机位移连续控制模型,通过调整小窗电机位移来实现小窗开度的控制。The small window motor displacement continuous control model is stored in the small window adjustment controller 5 . The small window adjustment controller 5 receives the small window opening instruction sent from the main controller 3, and at the same time receives the negative pressure data sent from the data collector 1, and uses the small window motor displacement continuous control model to achieve this by adjusting the small window motor displacement. Control of small window opening.

通过以上小窗电机位移连续控制模型实现对小窗开度的控制,便于维持舍内负压恒定。Through the above small window motor displacement continuous control model, the small window opening can be controlled to facilitate the maintenance of constant negative pressure in the house.

基于所提鸡舍通风自动控制系统,下面对本实施例中的鸡舍通风自动控制方法的过程进行详细说明。如图3所示,鸡舍通风自动控制方法,包括如下步骤:Based on the proposed chicken house ventilation automatic control system, the process of the chicken house ventilation automatic control method in this embodiment will be described in detail below. As shown in Figure 3, the automatic control method for chicken house ventilation includes the following steps:

步骤1.数据采集器1实时采集各种传感器数据,包括舍内温度、舍外温度、舍内湿度、舍内二氧化碳浓度、舍内氨气浓度、舍内硫化氢浓度以及舍内负压。Step 1. The data collector 1 collects various sensor data in real time, including temperature inside the house, temperature outside the house, humidity inside the house, carbon dioxide concentration inside the house, ammonia concentration inside the house, hydrogen sulfide concentration inside the house, and negative pressure inside the house.

数据采集器1对采集的传感器数据进行包括滤波、去噪、取均值等在内的预处理后,再将预处理后的数据实时发送至主控制器3和小窗调节控制器5。The data collector 1 performs preprocessing on the collected sensor data, including filtering, denoising, averaging, etc., and then sends the preprocessed data to the main controller 3 and the small window adjustment controller 5 in real time.

步骤2.事件采集器2采集事件信息,并将事件信息发送至主控制器3。Step 2. The event collector 2 collects event information and sends the event information to the main controller 3.

步骤3.主控制器根据数据采集器发送的数据以及当前鸡龄,通过数据驱动模型计算通风量,同时根据事件采集器发送的事件信息,通过事件推理模型对通风量进行修正。Step 3. The main controller calculates the ventilation volume through the data-driven model based on the data sent by the data collector and the current chicken age. At the same time, it corrects the ventilation volume through the event reasoning model based on the event information sent by the event collector.

数据驱动模型以鸡龄数据、舍内温度、温度目标值、湿度、舍外温度、二氧化碳浓度、氨气浓度、硫化氢浓度为输入,该数据驱动模型根据数据采集器1发送的数据计算通风量,例如当舍内温差,即舍内温度与温度目标值的差值增大时,反映鸡舍内温度过高,需要增加通风以排出多余热量,降低鸡群体感温度,又如当其他参量基本不变,而舍外温度提高时,则进入舍内的风较暖,应该提高通风量。The data-driven model takes chicken age data, indoor temperature, temperature target value, humidity, outside temperature, carbon dioxide concentration, ammonia concentration, and hydrogen sulfide concentration as inputs. The data-driven model calculates ventilation volume based on the data sent by data collector 1 , for example, when the temperature difference within the house, that is, the difference between the temperature inside the house and the temperature target value, increases, it reflects that the temperature inside the chicken house is too high, and ventilation needs to be increased to discharge excess heat and reduce the sensible temperature of the chickens, and when other parameters are basically However, when the temperature outside the house increases, the wind entering the house will be warmer, and the ventilation volume should be increased.

根据这个逻辑,数据驱动模型应获得更高的通风量。Following this logic, data-driven models should achieve higher ventilation volumes.

数据驱动模型的表达式为:The expression of the data-driven model is:

其中,V1为数据驱动模型计算得到的通风量,{ω1,ω2,…,ω7}为增益系数,b为偏置量,sign(x)为符号函数,当x>0时,sign(x)>0。Among them, V 1 is the ventilation volume calculated by the data-driven model, {ω 1 , ω 2 ,..., ω 7 } is the gain coefficient, b is the offset, and sign(x) is the sign function. When x>0, sign(x)>0.

Ti为舍内温度,Tisp为温度目标值;通风量与温差(Ti-Tisp)正相关,当Ti高于Tisp时,温差(Ti-Tisp)大于0,应增加通风量,以维持舍内温度在目标值附近。T i is the temperature inside the house, T isp is the temperature target value; ventilation volume is positively related to the temperature difference (T i -T isp ). When Ti is higher than T isp , the temperature difference (T i -T isp ) is greater than 0 and should be increased. ventilation volume to maintain the indoor temperature near the target value.

H为舍内湿度,Hmax、Hmin分别为舍内湿度最大值和最小值;通风量与湿度H正相关,当H增大时,应增加通风,降低舍内湿度。H is the humidity inside the house, H max and H min are the maximum and minimum values of the humidity inside the house respectively; the ventilation volume is positively related to the humidity H. When H increases, ventilation should be increased to reduce the humidity inside the house.

To为舍外温度,To,max、To,min分别为舍外温度最大值和最小值;通风量与舍外温度To正相关,当To升温时,应提高舍内通风,以增大舍内空气流通。T o is the temperature outside the house, T o,max and T o,min are the maximum and minimum values of the temperature outside the house respectively; the ventilation volume is positively related to the temperature outside the house T o . When T o rises in temperature, the ventilation inside the house should be increased. To increase air circulation in the house.

C为二氧化碳浓度,Cmax、Cmin分别为二氧化碳浓度最大值和最小值;通风量与二氧化碳浓度C正相关,当C增大时应增加舍内通风,降低二氧化碳浓度,确保舍内空气中氧气含量。C is the concentration of carbon dioxide, C max and C min are the maximum and minimum values of carbon dioxide concentration respectively; ventilation volume is positively related to carbon dioxide concentration C. When C increases, ventilation in the house should be increased to reduce carbon dioxide concentration and ensure oxygen in the air in the house. content.

N为氨气浓度,Nmax、Nmin分别为氨气浓度最大值和最小值;通风量与氨气浓度N正相关,当N增大时,应增加舍内通风,降低氨气浓度。N is the ammonia concentration, N max and N min are the maximum and minimum ammonia concentration respectively; the ventilation volume is positively related to the ammonia concentration N. When N increases, ventilation in the house should be increased to reduce the ammonia concentration.

S为硫化氢浓度,Smax、Smin分别为硫化氢浓度最大值和最小值。通风量与硫化氢浓度S正相关,当S增大时,应增加舍内通风,降低硫化氢浓度。S is the hydrogen sulfide concentration, S max and S min are the maximum and minimum hydrogen sulfide concentration respectively. The amount of ventilation is positively related to the hydrogen sulfide concentration S. When S increases, ventilation in the house should be increased to reduce the hydrogen sulfide concentration.

age为鸡龄,agemax为最大鸡龄,即鸡群出栏的年龄,通风量与鸡龄age正相关,对于同等的舍内温差、湿度、舍外温度、二氧化碳浓度、氨气浓度、硫化氢浓度,鸡龄越大,鸡群呼吸量越大,应增加舍内通风量。Age is the age of the chickens, and age max is the maximum age of the chickens, that is, the age at which the chickens are released. The ventilation volume is positively related to the age of the chickens. For the same temperature difference inside the house, humidity, temperature outside the house, carbon dioxide concentration, ammonia concentration, and hydrogen sulfide Concentration, the older the chickens are, the greater the respiration of the chickens will be, and the ventilation in the house should be increased.

本发明提出的数据驱动模型以影响鸡舍环境最主要的参量为输入,对当前鸡舍环境所需的通风量进行估计,该数据驱动模型结构合理简单,易于操作和维护,能够根据环境数据的变化快速计算所需通风。The data-driven model proposed by the present invention uses the most important parameters that affect the chicken house environment as input to estimate the ventilation required for the current chicken house environment. The data-driven model has a reasonable and simple structure, is easy to operate and maintain, and can be based on environmental data. Changes quickly calculate required ventilation.

事件推理模型以逻辑推理结构为主,根据来自事件采集器2发送的事件信息,推理出通风量的修正值,例如在上午8点要清理鸡粪,需要增加鸡舍内空气流通,降低氨气等气体浓度,根据经验可增加2个单位的通风。The event reasoning model is mainly based on a logical reasoning structure. Based on the event information sent from the event collector 2, it infers the correction value of the ventilation volume. For example, to clean up chicken manure at 8 o'clock in the morning, it is necessary to increase the air circulation in the chicken house and reduce the ammonia gas. If the gas concentration is equal to the gas concentration, the ventilation can be increased by 2 units based on experience.

根据这个逻辑,事件驱动模型应提供正的通风量修正值。According to this logic, the event-driven model should provide positive ventilation volume correction values.

事件推理模型的表达式为:The expression of the event reasoning model is:

其中V2为事件推理模型得到的通风量修正值,M表示录入的事件信息个数,Ei为第i个事件,Ii(·)为第i个事件的推理基函数,αi为第i个推理基函数对应的修正值系数。Where V 2 is the ventilation volume correction value obtained by the event inference model, M represents the number of entered event information, E i is the i-th event, I i (·) is the inference basis function of the i-th event, α i is the i-th event Correction value coefficients corresponding to i inference basis functions.

Ii(·)包含1和0两个结果,即当事件Ei发生且在饲养人员设置的发生时段(ti1,ti2)内时,即Ei=1且t∈(ti1,ti2),则Ii(·)=1。I i (·) contains two results, 1 and 0, that is, when the event E i occurs and is within the occurrence period (t i1 ,t i2 ) set by the breeder, that is, E i =1 and t∈(t i1 ,t i2 ), then I i (·)=1.

其中,ti1为第i个事件起始时间,ti2为第i个事件结束时间。Among them, ti1 is the starting time of the i-th event, and ti2 is the ending time of the i-th event.

当事件Ei结束,或者时间超过预设的发生时段(ti1,ti2)时,即“Ei=0或”,其中,/>表示(ti1,ti2)的补集,即超过(ti1,ti2)的时段,则Ii(·)=0。When the event E i ends, or the time exceeds the preset occurrence period (t i1 , t i2 ), that is, “E i = 0 or ”, where,/> Represents the complement of (t i1 , t i2 ), that is, the period exceeding (t i1 , t i2 ), then I i (·)=0.

本发明提出的事件推理模型以推理基函数形式构建,通过事件的推理获取通风量的修正值,确保事件发生期间能够提供合适的通风。The event reasoning model proposed by the present invention is constructed in the form of a reasoning basis function, and the correction value of the ventilation volume is obtained through the reasoning of the event to ensure that appropriate ventilation can be provided during the event.

主控制器将数据驱动模型得到的通风量V1和事件推理模型得到的通风量修正值V2加和得到最终的通风量指令V,即V=V1+V2,并通过无线的方式发送给风机调节控制器4。The main controller adds the ventilation volume V 1 obtained from the data-driven model and the ventilation volume correction value V 2 obtained from the event reasoning model to obtain the final ventilation volume command V, that is, V = V 1 + V 2 , and sends it wirelessly. Adjust controller 4 for the fan.

与此同时,主控制器3结合通风量指令,利用小窗开度模型计算进风小窗开度指令,并发送给小窗调节控制器4。通风量的变化需要进风小窗开度跟随调整,以确保舍内负压的恒定,负压的恒定是确保风速平稳的前提,负压大了,则风速过快,造成鸡群冷应激,负压小了,则风速过慢,则鸡舍内空气流通不畅,主控制器3利用小窗开度模型得到进风小窗的开度指令,并发送给小窗调节控制器4。At the same time, the main controller 3 combines the ventilation volume command, uses the small window opening model to calculate the air inlet small window opening command, and sends it to the small window adjustment controller 4. Changes in ventilation volume require adjustments to the opening of the air inlet window to ensure constant negative pressure in the house. Constant negative pressure is the prerequisite for ensuring stable wind speed. If the negative pressure is large, the wind speed will be too fast, causing cold stress in the chickens. , if the negative pressure is small, the wind speed is too slow, and the air circulation in the chicken house is not smooth. The main controller 3 uses the small window opening model to obtain the opening instruction of the small air inlet window, and sends it to the small window adjustment controller 4.

小窗开度模型的表达式为:The expression of the small window opening model is:

式中,W为小窗开度指令,V为通风量指令,Psp为舍内负压的目标值,λ为计算系数。In the formula, W is the small window opening command, V is the ventilation volume command, P sp is the target value of negative pressure in the house, and λ is the calculation coefficient.

由上述小窗开度模型的表达式不难看出,小窗开度指令与通风量指令成正比关系,当通风量指令增加时,应增加小窗开度指令,以维持舍内负压。It is not difficult to see from the expression of the above small window opening model that the small window opening command is proportional to the ventilation volume command. When the ventilation volume command increases, the small window opening command should be increased to maintain the negative pressure in the house.

步骤4.风机调节控制器4接收来自主控制器3的通风量指令后,利用风机计算模型,通过计算得到排气风机6的开启周期,控制排气风机6的启停。Step 4. After receiving the ventilation volume command from the main controller 3, the fan adjustment controller 4 uses the fan calculation model to calculate the opening period of the exhaust fan 6 and controls the start and stop of the exhaust fan 6.

风机计算模型根据通风量指令计算出排气风机开启周期,开启的周期决定排气风机所能提供的通风量,风机调节控制器依照通风量指令,计算出排气风机的开启周期。The fan calculation model calculates the opening period of the exhaust fan according to the ventilation volume command. The opening period determines the ventilation volume that the exhaust fan can provide. The fan adjustment controller calculates the opening period of the exhaust fan according to the ventilation volume command.

风机计算模型的表达式为:The expression of the wind turbine calculation model is:

式中,T表示排气风机的开启周期,Te表示循环周期,例如可以取值为300秒,Ve表示排气风机在循环周期内保持一直开启所能提供的通风量,V表示通风量指令。In the formula, T represents the opening period of the exhaust fan, T e represents the cycle period, for example, the value can be 300 seconds, V e represents the ventilation volume that the exhaust fan can provide if it remains open during the cycle period, and V represents the ventilation volume. instruction.

通风量与排气风机开启周期成正比关系,开启周期越长,排气风机提供的通风量越大。The ventilation volume is directly proportional to the opening period of the exhaust fan. The longer the opening period, the greater the ventilation volume provided by the exhaust fan.

步骤5.小窗调节控制器5接收来自主控制器的进风小窗开度指令,同时接收来自数据采集器发送的舍内负压数据,利用小窗电机位移连续控制模型对小窗电机位移进行调控。Step 5. The small window adjustment controller 5 receives the air inlet window opening instruction from the main controller, and at the same time receives the negative pressure data in the house sent from the data collector, and uses the small window motor displacement continuous control model to control the small window motor displacement. To regulate.

舍内负压会随时受到环境干扰,为保证舍内负压恒定,需要相应调整进风小窗开度,本发明利用小窗电机位移连续控制模型,通过调整小窗电机位移来实现小窗开度的调控。The negative pressure inside the house will be disturbed by the environment at any time. In order to ensure that the negative pressure inside the house is constant, the opening of the air inlet window needs to be adjusted accordingly. The present invention uses the small window motor displacement continuous control model to realize the small window opening by adjusting the small window motor displacement. degree of control.

小窗电机位移连续控制模型采用比例积分微分算法,其表达式为:The small window motor displacement continuous control model adopts the proportional integral differential algorithm, and its expression is:

式中,U为小窗电机位移;W为小窗开度指令,P为舍内负压,Psp为舍内负压的目标值,K为开度指令与电机位移的静态增益。Kp为比例控制增益,Ki为积分控制增益,Kd为微分控制增益。为舍内负压与舍内负压目标值之间的差值在时间上的累积。为舍内负压与舍内负压目标值之间的差值在时间上的微分。In the formula, U is the small window motor displacement; W is the small window opening command, P is the negative pressure in the house, P sp is the target value of the negative pressure in the house, and K is the static gain between the opening command and the motor displacement. K p is the proportional control gain, K i is the integral control gain, and K d is the differential control gain. It is the accumulation of the difference over time between the negative pressure in the house and the target value of negative pressure in the house. It is the time differential of the difference between the negative pressure in the house and the target value of negative pressure in the house.

舍内负压偏离舍内负压目标值越大,即舍内负压与舍内负压目标值的差值越大,则小窗电机位移越大,且电机位移方向与差值方向相反,以减少舍内负压与舍内负压目标值的差距。The greater the deviation of the negative pressure in the house from the target value of the negative pressure in the house, that is, the greater the difference between the negative pressure in the house and the target value of negative pressure in the house, the greater the displacement of the small window motor, and the motor displacement direction is opposite to the direction of the difference. In order to reduce the gap between the negative pressure in the house and the target value of negative pressure in the house.

本发明方法首先基于鸡舍内、外环境数据的变化以及事件的触发,由主控制器中的数据驱动模型和事件推理模型分别计算出通风量以及通风量修正值,然后由这两部分相加得到最终的通风量指令,该通风量指令由于同时考虑了鸡舍内、外环境数据的变化和事件的触发,因而通风量控制更加合理有效,主控制器将该通风量指令发送给风机调节控制器,使得风机调节控制器能够利用风机计算模型,计算得到排气风机的开启周期;此外,主控制器结合通风量指令,同时利用内部存储的小窗开度模型计算进风小窗开度指令,并发送给小窗调节控制器,小窗调节控制器同时接收来自数据采集器发送的舍内负压数据,利用小窗电机位移连续控制模型对小窗电机位移进行调控,保证了舍内负压恒定。本发明通过所提鸡舍通风自动控制方法,很好地实现了鸡舍通风的实时自动化调控,确保了在无人巡检时间段内对鸡舍环境的有效调控,同时也为缺少经验的饲养人员提供通风调控的有力支持。The method of the present invention first calculates the ventilation volume and ventilation volume correction value by the data-driven model and the event reasoning model in the main controller based on the changes in the internal and external environmental data of the chicken house and the triggering of events, and then adds the two parts. The final ventilation volume command is obtained. This ventilation volume command takes into account the changes in environmental data inside and outside the chicken house and the triggering of events at the same time, so the ventilation volume control is more reasonable and effective. The main controller sends the ventilation volume command to the fan adjustment control. The fan adjustment controller can use the fan calculation model to calculate the opening period of the exhaust fan; in addition, the main controller combines the ventilation volume command and uses the internally stored small window opening model to calculate the air inlet small window opening command. , and sent to the small window adjustment controller. The small window adjustment controller also receives the negative pressure data in the house sent from the data collector, and uses the small window motor displacement continuous control model to regulate the small window motor displacement to ensure the negative pressure in the house. Pressure is constant. Through the proposed automatic control method for chicken house ventilation, the present invention effectively realizes real-time automatic control of chicken house ventilation, ensures effective control of the chicken house environment during unmanned inspection time, and at the same time provides convenience for inexperienced farmers. Personnel provide strong support for ventilation control.

当然,以上说明仅仅为本发明的较佳实施例,本发明并不限于列举上述实施例,应当说明的是,任何熟悉本领域的技术人员在本说明书的教导下,所做出的所有等同替代、明显变形形式,均落在本说明书的实质范围之内,理应受到本发明的保护。Of course, the above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. It should be noted that all equivalent substitutions made by any person familiar with the art under the teaching of this specification , obvious deformation forms, all fall within the essential scope of this specification, and should be protected by the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. The automatic chicken house ventilation control method based on data driving and event reasoning is characterized in that,
the automatic henhouse ventilation control method comprises the following steps of adopting a henhouse ventilation automatic system which comprises a sensor, a data acquisition unit, an event acquisition unit, a main controller, a fan adjusting controller, a small window adjusting controller, an exhaust fan and a small window motor;
the sensor is connected with the data acquisition device and comprises an in-house temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an out-house temperature sensor, a carbon dioxide sensor, an ammonia sensor, a hydrogen sulfide sensor and a negative pressure sensor;
the house temperature sensor is used for detecting the house temperature; the humidity sensor is used for detecting the humidity in the house; the house outside temperature sensor is used for detecting the house outside temperature; the carbon dioxide sensor is used for detecting the concentration of carbon dioxide in the house; the ammonia sensor is used for detecting the concentration of ammonia in the house; the hydrogen sulfide sensor is used for detecting the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in the house; the negative pressure sensor is used for detecting negative pressure in the house;
the data acquisition device is respectively connected with the main controller and the small window adjusting controller;
the event collector is connected with the main controller;
the main controller is respectively connected with the fan adjusting controller and the small window adjusting controller, the fan adjusting controller is connected with the exhaust fan, and the small window adjusting controller is connected with the small window motor;
a data driving model, an event reasoning model and a small window opening model are stored in the main controller, a fan calculation model is stored in the fan adjusting controller, and a small window motor displacement continuous control model is stored in the small window adjusting controller;
the automatic control method for henhouse ventilation comprises the following steps:
step 1, acquiring various sensor data in real time by a data acquisition device, wherein the sensor data comprise house temperature, house humidity, house outside temperature, house carbon dioxide concentration, house ammonia concentration, house hydrogen sulfide concentration and house negative pressure; the data acquisition device is used for preprocessing the acquired sensor data and then sending the preprocessed data to the main controller and the small window adjusting controller in real time;
step 2, an event collector collects event information and sends the event information to a main controller;
step 3, the main controller calculates the ventilation quantity through a data driving model according to the data sent by the data collector and the current chicken age, and corrects the ventilation quantity through an event reasoning model according to the event information sent by the event collector;
the main controller obtains a final ventilation instruction by adding the ventilation correction value obtained by the event reasoning model based on the ventilation value obtained by the data driving model, and sends the ventilation instruction to the fan adjusting controller; meanwhile, the main controller calculates an air inlet small window opening instruction by utilizing a small window opening model in combination with the ventilation quantity instruction, and sends the air inlet small window opening instruction to the small window adjusting controller;
step 4, after the fan adjusting controller receives the ventilation quantity instruction from the main controller, a fan calculation model is utilized to obtain the starting period of the exhaust fan through calculation, and the starting and stopping of the exhaust fan are controlled;
step 5, the small window adjusting controller receives an air inlet small window opening instruction from the main controller, receives negative pressure data in a house sent by the data acquisition device, and regulates and controls the displacement of the small window motor by using a small window motor displacement continuous control model;
the expression of the data driving model is as follows:
wherein V is 1 Ventilation, { omega ] calculated for data-driven model 1 ,ω 2 ,…,ω 7 The gain coefficient, the offset, sign (x) is a sign function, when x>Sign (x) at 0>0;
age is age of chicken, age max The maximum chicken age, namely the age of the chickens in the slaughter;
T i t is the internal temperature of the house isp Is a temperature target value;
h is the humidity in the house, H max 、H min Respectively the maximum value and the minimum value of humidity in the house;
T o t is the temperature outside the house o,max 、T o,min Respectively the maximum value and the minimum value of the temperature outside the house;
c is the concentration of carbon dioxide, C max 、C min Respectively a maximum value and a minimum value of the concentration of the carbon dioxide;
n is the concentration of ammonia gas, N max 、N min Respectively the maximum value and the minimum value of the ammonia concentration;
s is the concentration of hydrogen sulfide, S max 、S min The maximum value and the minimum value of the concentration of the hydrogen sulfide are respectively;
the expression of the event reasoning model is as follows:
wherein V is 2 The ventilation quantity correction value obtained for the event reasoning model is represented by M, the number of recorded event information and E i For the ith event, I i (. Cndot.) is the inference basis function of the ith event, α i A correction value coefficient corresponding to the ith reasoning basis function;
I i (. Cndot.) contains both results of 1 and 0, i.e. when event E i Occurs and is performed in an occurrence period (t i1 ,t i2 ) When in, i.e. E i =1 and t e (t) i1 ,t i2 ) Ii (·) =1;
wherein t is i1 For the ith event start time, t i2 Is the ith event end time;
when event E i Ending, or a time exceeding a preset occurrence period (t i1 ,t i2 ) When, i.e. "E i =0 or", wherein->Representation (t) i1 ,t i2 ) Of (c), i.e. exceeding (t) i1 ,t i2 ) Time period of (1), then I i (·)=0。
2. The automatic control method for henhouse ventilation according to claim 1, wherein,
the expression of the small window opening model is as follows:
wherein W is a small window opening instruction, V is a ventilation quantity instruction, and P sp Lambda is a calculation coefficient for the target value of negative pressure in the house.
3. The automatic control method for henhouse ventilation according to claim 1, wherein,
the expression of the fan calculation model is as follows:
wherein T represents the starting period of the exhaust fan; t (T) e Representing cycle period, V e The ventilation quantity which can be provided by the exhaust fan which is kept on all the time in the circulation period is indicated, and V indicates a ventilation quantity instruction.
4. The automatic control method for henhouse ventilation according to claim 1, wherein,
the continuous control model for the displacement of the small window motor adopts a proportional-integral-derivative algorithm, and the expression is as follows:
wherein U is the motor displacement of the small window, K is the static gain of the opening instruction and the motor displacement, W is the opening instruction of the small window, P is the negative pressure in the house, and P sp Is a target value of negative pressure in the house;
K p to control gain proportionally, K i To integrate and control the gain, K d Is a differential control gain;
accumulating the difference between the negative pressure in the house and the target value of the negative pressure in the house over time;
is the differential over time of the difference between the negative pressure in the house and the target value of the negative pressure in the house.
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