CN115167585A - Environmental control system for animal husbandry farms - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an environmental control system for animal husbandry farms. The system comprises: a PLC controller: used for monitoring meteorological factors and controlling a plurality of execution equipment of livestock and poultry houses; a central computer: connected with the PLC controller, used for Receive data from PLC controller; real-time monitoring module: used to convert the collected analog quantities of each meteorological factor into identifiable quantities for operators; parameter setting module: used to adjust the growth of livestock and poultry according to the needs of livestock and poultry growth The range of various parameters is set, and these settings are written into the database in the central computer, and the PLC controller controls the livestock and poultry houses to perform equipment actions according to the parameters; intelligent decision-making module: used to automatically adjust livestock and poultry according to the measured data. The setting range of various parameters of growth. Based on the intelligent decision-making module and the set control parameters, the invention creates an ecological environment suitable for the growth of livestock and poultry by adjusting environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, ventilation, and illumination in the livestock and poultry house.

Description

Environmental control system for animal husbandry farms

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of animal husbandry, in particular to an environment control system for animal husbandry farms.

Background technique

In livestock production, the living environment of livestock and poultry has a great impact on their reproduction, growth, development, health and the yield of livestock products. The natural environment is complex and changeable, and the environmental conditions suitable for the normal growth and development of livestock and poultry in a year are very limited. Among the many environmental factors, climatic factors have a greater impact on livestock and poultry. The use of livestock and poultry houses reduces this impact to a large extent, making livestock basically in a relatively suitable and stable environment, and obtaining a relatively satisfactory feeding effect.

In order to raise livestock more reasonably, it is necessary to reasonably control the environment of animal husbandry farms. But the indoor environment is a multivariable, nonlinear complex system. It is very difficult to control it properly. The construction of livestock and poultry houses in my country is in the ascendant, but most of the computer control systems are imported from abroad, which are not only expensive, but also have a gap with the actual production of domestic livestock and poultry houses from the interface to the control algorithm. Some domestic units have done a lot of work in the localization of automatic control of livestock and poultry houses, but they lack experience in regulating the living environment of livestock and poultry, and can only roughly adjust the parameters of livestock and poultry farms, which makes the current Environmental control systems are less than ideal in practice.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to solve the technical problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides an environmental control system for animal husbandry farms. Based on the intelligent decision-making module and the set control parameters, testing standards are formulated according to the needs of different growth stages of livestock and poultry. The real-time detection of the poultry house environment, after comparing the measured parameters with the set value, automatically adjusts the status of each control equipment in the livestock and poultry house, so that various environmental factors meet the established requirements.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an environmental control system for animal husbandry farms, the system includes:

PLC controller: used to monitor meteorological factors and control the execution equipment of multiple livestock and poultry houses;

Central computer: connected with the PLC controller to receive data from the PLC controller;

Real-time monitoring module: used to convert the collected analog quantities of each meteorological factor into quantities that can be identified by operators;

Parameter setting module: It is used to set the range of various parameters of livestock and poultry growth according to the needs of livestock and poultry growth, and write these settings into the database in the central computer, and the PLC controller controls the livestock and poultry according to the parameters. do not perform equipment actions;

Intelligent decision-making module: It is used to automatically adjust the setting range of various parameters of livestock and poultry growth according to the measured data;

Data processing module: It is used for users to freely set the stored data and the time interval for storing each meteorological factor.

Preferably, the intelligent decision-making module uses a fuzzy expert system to calculate the most suitable parameters for animal husbandry by calculating the comprehensive information of the environment of the farm.

Preferably, the comprehensive information of the farm environment includes environmental factors, physiological information and growth information of livestock and poultry; using information fusion technology, the three are integrated in a hierarchical, multi-level and multi-faceted manner to form the comprehensive information of the farm environment.

Preferably, the fuzzy expert system includes an input and output module, a rule base module, a fuzzy inference module and a defuzzification module.

Preferably, it also includes a database management module and a manual control module;

Database management module: used to set parameters and record, query and maintain various meteorological factors;

Manual control module: It is used to manually control the execution equipment of each livestock and poultry house through the central computer.

Preferably, the monitored meteorological factors include temperature, humidity, illuminance, and wind speed, wind direction, and rainfall.

Preferably, the livestock and poultry house execution equipment includes natural ventilation facilities, cooling and cooling systems and mechanical ventilation systems.

Preferably, the natural ventilation facility is a side window and a top window opened on the livestock and poultry house, wherein the top window has a ventilation duct that can generate a siphon effect; the cooling and cooling system includes a wet curtain cooling system controlled by set temperature conditions, fog carburetor, mist spray or air conditioner, in which the mist spray/wet curtain cooling system operates in a periodic cycle; the mechanical ventilation system is a plurality of fan groups arranged on the side walls of the livestock and poultry houses, and each fan group can be Different run control conditions are run separately.

Preferably, it also includes a NH ₃ collection and treatment system that cooperates with the mechanical ventilation system. The system includes an exhaust gas treatment chamber built beside the livestock and poultry house and a circulating water pool communicated with the lower end of the exhaust gas treatment chamber. Inside the exhaust gas treatment chamber are arranged Water spray system and filling material, the water spray system is communicated with the circulating water pool.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

The animal husbandry farm house control in the present invention is based on the temperature, humidity, illuminance of the external environment, and climate factors such as wind speed, wind direction, and rainfall, based on the intelligent decision-making module and the set control parameters, by adjusting the temperature, humidity, and temperature in the livestock and poultry house. Environmental factors such as ventilation and lighting create an ecological environment suitable for the growth of livestock and poultry, that is, to formulate testing standards according to the needs of different growth stages of livestock and poultry, and through real-time detection of the environment of livestock and poultry houses, the measured parameters and set values are compared. After the comparison, the status of each control equipment in the livestock and poultry house is automatically adjusted to make various environmental factors meet the established requirements. It realizes the intelligent management and control of animal husbandry farms, and promotes the development of high-quality, high-efficiency and low-consumption factory production of livestock and poultry.

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an environmental control system for animal husbandry farms provided by the present invention.

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the composition of the software system in the environmental control system.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the composition of the execution equipment of the livestock and poultry house in the present invention.

4 is a schematic diagram of the intelligent decision-making module acting on the information of livestock and poultry houses in the embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the composition of the fuzzy expert system.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the invention generally described and illustrated in the drawings herein may be arranged and designed in a variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in Figures 1 to 5, this embodiment proposes an environmental control system for animal husbandry farms. The system includes a PLC controller and a central computer. One upper computer and multiple lower computers realize master-slave communication. Monitor, manage and control individual livestock and poultry houses to realize distributed network control of livestock and poultry houses.

The PLC controller measures the temperature

Temperature, humidity, illuminance and wind speed, wind direction, rainfall, gas concentration and other meteorological factors are monitored and controlled for livestock and poultry house equipment. The PLC controller and the central computer are connected by RS485 bus, which can be adjusted and expanded at any time according to the situation. .

The software system is used to read in the measured values of each sensor and transmit it to the central computer. If necessary, the measured data will be stored in the large-capacity power-failure protection memory. Even if the power is cut off, the data will not be lost, and it will be communicated with the center in a certain period of time. The computer performs data exchange and has the function of sensor timing automatic correction.

Specifically, the software system includes a real-time monitoring module, a parameter setting module, an intelligent decision-making module, a parameter setting module, a database management module and a manual control module.

Among them, the PLC controller is used to monitor the meteorological factors and control the execution equipment of multiple livestock and poultry houses.

The central computer is connected with the PLC controller for receiving data from the PLC controller.

The real-time monitoring module is used to convert the collected analog quantities of each meteorological factor into quantities that can be identified by operators.

The parameter setting module is used to set the range of various parameters of livestock and poultry growth according to the needs of livestock and poultry growth, and write these settings into the database in the central computer, and then the PLC controller controls the livestock and poultry according to the parameters. Shelf executes device actions.

Intelligent decision-making module, this module adopts artificial intelligence method according to the measured data to automatically set some important control parameters in the lower computer, providing the most scientific and effective help for the parameter setting of livestock and poultry houses.

Data processing module, in order to adapt to the growth of livestock and poultry, it is necessary to know and master the values of temperature, humidity and other parameters in the livestock and poultry house in time. This module can freely set and store the required data of the livestock and poultry house and store various meteorological factors. time interval.

Database management module, which is responsible for setting parameters and recording, querying and maintaining various meteorological factors.

Manual control module, in the "manual" state, the module can directly click the "on" and "off" analog switches of each device on the "manual control" screen in the central computer to control each device.

It is worth noting that the intelligent decision-making module in this example uses the fuzzy expert system to calculate the comprehensive information of the farm environment to solve the most suitable parameters for animal husbandry, thereby creating an ecological environment suitable for the growth of livestock and poultry. According to the needs of different growth stages of livestock and poultry, testing standards are formulated. Through real-time detection of the environment of the livestock and poultry house, the measured parameters are compared with the set value and the status of each control equipment of the livestock and poultry house is automatically adjusted to make the environmental factors meet the requirements. established requirements.

Further, the comprehensive information of the farm house environment includes environmental factors, physiological information and growth information of livestock and poultry. The information fusion technology is used to integrate the three at different levels, levels and aspects to form the comprehensive information of the farm environment. Three different information interactions are used to obtain the needs of the environment in different time periods, under different climatic conditions, and different growth stages through calculation, and then solve the most suitable parameters of animal husbandry.

The fuzzy expert system in this example includes an input and output module, a rule base module, a fuzzy inference module and a defuzzification module. The working principle of this system is: first, the central computer receives the real-time data sent by the sensor, and then fuzzifies the data. Through fuzzy reasoning, the corresponding fuzzy rules are queried in the rule base, and finally the execution strategy is output.

In the specific implementation, the data of the three environmental parameters (temperature, humidity, light intensity) that have the greatest impact on the growth of livestock are collected. Take these three environmental parameters as input, and then fuzzify these environmental parameters. At the same time, the livestock and poultry house execution equipment of this system is also fuzzified. In the rule base module, the establishment of fuzzy rules is carried out. Fuzzy rules are determined through expert experience and research results from previous literature. The fuzzy set divided by fuzzification determines the number of fuzzy rules. In the fuzzy inference module, the fuzzy rules corresponding to the fuzzy input are determined by the maximum membership function method. The input environment parameters are found in the rule base and the corresponding rules are found through the de-fuzzification process to output the execution strategy, thereby completing the regulation of the environment parameters.

Livestock and poultry house execution equipment includes natural ventilation facilities, cooling and cooling systems and mechanical ventilation systems. The natural ventilation facilities are the side windows and the top windows opened on the livestock and poultry houses, wherein the top windows are provided with ventilation ducts that can generate siphon effect. The natural ventilation facility of the existing pig farm is to have a skylight in the upper part of the livestock and poultry house, and air convection through the skylight to achieve ventilation, but this structure only ventilates the part of the livestock and poultry house, which is inconvenient to operate, and the ventilation duct in this example. Under the natural siphon, the hot air in the livestock and poultry house is sucked out, and no need to increase the ventilation device, thus reducing the operating cost. Common ventilation windows in livestock and poultry houses are generally set on the side walls, and a rectangular square hole is opened in the window. The window sill is basically horizontal, which is convenient for installing the accessories on the window. However, this kind of window has the following problems: First, the horizontal flow of hot air in summer When entering, it is not conducive to the construction of low temperature environment of livestock and poultry houses. The second is that when the horizontal windowsill is raining, it is easy to cause damage to the inner wall of the livestock and poultry house. In this example, both sides of the livestock and poultry house are provided with air inlet windows, and the rear wall of the livestock and poultry house is provided with air outlet windows. The upper air inlet window is located on the upper wall of the livestock and poultry house to ensure the air convection in the livestock and poultry house, while the lower air inlet window is located on the lower wall of the livestock and poultry house to ensure the air convection in the lower manure channel of the livestock and poultry house. The harmful gas in the fecal tract is discharged.

The cooling and cooling system includes a wet curtain cooling system, atomizer, mist spray or air conditioner controlled by the set temperature conditions, and 4 cooling/mist spray operation programs can be set to operate according to different control conditions at different times of the day. In the process of climate control, the operation control of cooling or mist spraying system is mainly affected by the following four factors. Time, the mist spray/cooling system can operate in a periodic cycle. You can set the running time frame (start and end time), the length of the cooling/mist operation and the length of the interval between different runs; humidity, humidity affects the operation of the mist spray system from two aspects; temperature, once the indoor temperature When the pre-set maximum temperature is reached, the cooling system can start running immediately. Once the pre-set lower limit of the optimal temperature range for livestock and poultry growth is reached, the cooling system will stop immediately; /In the running program of the spraying system, there is a setting option: whether to stop the spraying system when it is running.

The mechanical ventilation system is used to reduce temperature and humidity, and control the operation of several sets of fans according to the temperature. The ventilation fans are located on the side walls or gables of the livestock and poultry houses, and are mainly used for forced ventilation of the livestock and poultry houses. The ventilation fans can be divided into 4 different fan groups, and each group can be controlled according to different operating conditions or use different ventilation. The program operates independently, and there are many factors or operation processes such as temperature, cooling process, humidity, circulating ventilation process, special ventilation process, atomization process, wind force, etc., which affect the operation of ventilation fans in livestock and poultry houses.

This example also includes a NH ₃ collection and treatment system that cooperates with the mechanical ventilation system. The system includes a waste gas treatment room built beside the livestock and poultry house and a circulating water pool connected to the lower end of the waste gas treatment room. The interior of the waste gas treatment room is arranged There is a water spray system and filling material, and the water spray system is communicated with the circulating water pool. Utilize the characteristics of ammonia gas and hydrogen sulfide gas to dissolve in water to treat waste gas. Polypropylene is used as the filling material, and the filler is covered with a layer of water film by water spray, which increases the contact area and contact time between water and air, and makes the exhaust gas treatment effect more obvious. The NH ₃ discharged from the livestock house is guided through the mechanical ventilation system It is collected and entered into the packing layer. The packing layer has a water film formed after spraying from the spraying system. When the exhaust gas passes through the packing, the ammonia gas and hydrogen sulfide in the exhaust gas are in contact with the water film and dissolve in water, so as to realize the purification of the exhaust gas. The purpose of treatment is to meet the exhaust emission standards and achieve the effect of energy saving and environmental protection.

In addition, the system in this example is also provided with an alarm device, which is used for prompting system operation errors and extremely bad weather conditions. Users can freely choose different alarm sounds. The alarm functions are as follows: alarm in the form of high and low absolute value, alarm in the form of high and low floating value, connection type alarm for conditional items, alarm in the form of differential value setting, and alarm in the form of sensor readings that are too high and too low . All the above alarm functions can selectively set their priority notification level, in order to avoid false alarms, notification delay time can be set. The computer control system alarms and monitors the motor operation failure of all the equipment of the climate control system, as well as the temperature and humidity sensing probes and other sensors. Through a strict alarm monitoring system, the operation of the climate control system is ensured to be perfect and accurate. Alarms may be issued to the user through a visual, audible, or radio-audible alarm output device mounted on a computer-controlled system.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the spirit and spirit of the invention, The scope of the invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims (9)

1. An environmental control system for animal husbandry farms, characterized in that the system comprises: PLC controller: used to monitor meteorological factors and control the execution equipment of multiple livestock and poultry houses; Central computer: connected with the PLC controller to receive data from the PLC controller; Real-time monitoring module: used to convert the collected analog quantities of each meteorological factor into quantities that can be identified by operators; Parameter setting module: It is used to set the range of various parameters of livestock and poultry growth according to the needs of livestock and poultry growth, and write these settings into the database in the central computer, and the PLC controller controls the livestock and poultry according to the parameters. do not perform equipment actions; Intelligent decision-making module: It is used to automatically adjust the setting range of various parameters of livestock and poultry growth according to the measured data; Data processing module: It is used for users to freely set the stored data and the time interval for storing each meteorological factor. 2 . The animal husbandry farm environment control system according to claim 1 , wherein the intelligent decision-making module utilizes a fuzzy expert system to calculate the most suitable parameters for animal husbandry by calculating the comprehensive information of the farm house environment. 3 . 3. The animal husbandry farm environment control system according to claim 2, wherein the comprehensive information of the farm environment includes environmental factors, physiological information and growth information of livestock and poultry; adopt information fusion technology to classify the three. The integration of levels, levels and aspects forms the comprehensive information of the farm environment. 4. The animal husbandry farm environment control system according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the fuzzy expert system comprises an input and output module, a rule base module, a fuzzy inference module and a de-fuzzification module. 5. The animal husbandry farm environment control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, further comprising a database management module and a manual control module; Database management module: used to set parameters and record, query and maintain various meteorological factors; Manual control module: It is used to manually control the execution equipment of each livestock and poultry house through the central computer. 6. The animal husbandry farm environment control system according to claim 3, wherein the monitored meteorological factors include temperature, humidity, illuminance, and wind speed, wind direction, and rainfall. 7. The environmental control system of the livestock farm house according to claim 1, wherein the execution equipment of the livestock and poultry house comprises a natural ventilation facility, a cooling and cooling system and a mechanical ventilation system. 8 . The environmental control system for animal husbandry farms according to claim 7 , wherein the natural ventilation facility is a side window and a top window opened on the livestock and poultry house, wherein the top window has a ventilation duct that can generate a siphon effect. 9 . ; Cooling and cooling systems include wet curtain cooling systems, atomizers, mist sprays or air conditioners controlled by set temperature conditions, wherein the mist spray/wet curtain cooling systems operate in a periodic cycle; mechanical ventilation systems are arranged in livestock. Multiple fan groups on the side walls of the poultry house, each fan group can operate independently according to different operating control conditions. 9. The environmental control system for animal husbandry farms according to claim 7, further comprising a NH ₃ collection and treatment system that cooperates with a mechanical ventilation system, and the system includes a waste gas treatment system established beside the livestock and poultry houses A water spray system and filling materials are arranged inside the waste gas treatment chamber, and the water spray system is communicated with the circulating water pool.

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