CN116444616A - 一种lag-3蛋白的亲和肽、偶联肽、药剂和应用 - Google Patents
一种lag-3蛋白的亲和肽、偶联肽、药剂和应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及生物技术制药领域,具体涉及一种LAG‑3蛋白的亲和肽、偶联肽、药剂和应用,LAG‑3蛋白的亲和肽包括一种LAG‑3蛋白的亲和肽,所述亲和肽的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.1‑16任一项所示;亲和肽对LAG‑3蛋白的亲和力强,阻断LAG‑3/FGL1结合的效果好;进一步的体外T细胞激活实验和小鼠体内抗肿瘤实验验证,亲和肽可显著增强T细胞的活性,抑制小鼠肿瘤的生长,且无明显毒副作用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及生物技术制药领域,具体涉及一种LAG-3蛋白的亲和肽、偶联肽、药剂和应用。
背景技术
免疫检查点封锁(ICB)彻底改变了癌症患者的治疗选择,提高了恶性肿瘤患者的生存率,通过阻断免疫检查点分子介导的负性调控通路从而激活免疫系统的抗肿瘤疗法已经获得了巨大的成功,其中CTLA-4和PD-1/PD-L1是进展最迅速的靶点,然而只有小部分患者能够对单个免疫检查点分子阻断治疗有反应,这种免疫疗法的抵抗可以通过附加的免疫检查点来介导,其中LAG-3靶点是十分有前途的治疗靶点。临床上固定剂量的LAG-3抗体Relatlimab与PD-1抗体Nivolumab的联合使用在不可切除或者转移性黑色素瘤中取得良好的疗效。这使得LAG-3抗体成为继CTLA-4和PD-1后第3个被FDA批准用于免疫治疗的靶点分子。
LAG-3是1990年发现的Ⅰ型跨膜蛋白,主要存在于活化的T细胞、自然杀伤细胞(NK)、B细胞及浆细胞样树突状细胞。在结构上LAG-3与CD4高度同源,由胞外4个免疫球蛋白(Ig)样结构域(D1-D4)、连接肽、跨膜结构、胞内结构域组成。通过对LAG-3敲除小鼠和LAG-3抗体的研究发现,LAG-3主要负调节T细胞的增殖、激活、效应功能和稳态,此外,LAG-3在Treg细胞上组成型表达,并且有助于Treg细胞的抑制功能,表明LAG-3可以通过直接抑制效应T细胞的杀伤,同时也可以通过介导Treg细胞的免疫抑制功能来抑制机体的免疫应答。
LAG-3的配体包括MHC-II、FGL1、LSECtin、galectin-3和α-synuclein。其中,MHC-II主要表达于肿瘤细胞和APC细胞表面,与T细胞表面的LAG-3结合,驱动TCR受体下游的Lck信号解离从而抑制TCR信号的传递,从而抑制T细胞的激活。除T细胞外,LAG-3在多种不表达TCR信号的细胞上表达并且发挥抑制作用,例如:NK细胞和DC细胞,因此,LAG-3的抑制作用可能通过其胞内特殊结构域直接介导:近膜端的FXXL结构域,中间的KIEELE以及近C端的EP重复结构域,但其具体的作用机制尚待探究。
FGL1是最近报道的LAG-3的配体,FGL1蛋白由N端线圈样蛋白(CCD)和C端纤维样蛋白结构域(FD)组成。FGL1的FD与LAG3的D1-D2区直接相互作用抑制T细胞激活。在生理条件下,FGL1由肝细胞表达,可能有助于肝脏的免疫抑制状态。FGL1在多种肿瘤中的表达增加,包括黑色素瘤和非小细胞肺癌,并以LAG-3依赖的形式抑制T细胞的功能,在动物模型中,特异性阻断LAG3/FGL1相互作用的抗体能明显抑制肿瘤的生长。此外,在多种肿瘤类型中,FGL1的表达与临床预后不良相关,并且FGL1的表达水平与PD-1/PD-L1抗体治疗耐药显著相关,因此认为LAG-3/FGL1是非冗余PD-1/PD-L1的重要免疫检查点通路。
研究表明,LAG-3和PD-1共同表达在耗竭的在CD4+T、CD8+T细胞上,尤其是肿瘤浸润性T细胞上,抑制T细胞的增殖和激活,并增强肿瘤诱导的免疫耐受。临床上,高表达的LAG-3往往和PD-1治疗的不良结果相关,LAG-3表达的增加可能是患者产生PD-1/PD-L1治疗耐药的原因之一。在小鼠黑色素瘤、卵巢癌和结直肠癌模型中,LAG-3和PD-1表现出了明显的协同抑制作用,同时阻断LAG-3和PD-1能有效消除多数肿瘤,而这些肿瘤对单点阻断药物治疗有很大的抵抗能力,并且LAG-3抗体与PD-1/PD-L1抗体联合使用时显著提高了PD-1/PD-L1抗体的临床使用效果,筛选同时靶向LAG-3和PD-1/PD-L1通路的阻断剂具有重要的临床意义。
多种研究表明,肿瘤组织高表达LAG-3的患者对LAG-3抗体的响应率更高,因此根据LAG-3在肿瘤组织中的表达水平高低进行分层,合理使用LAG-3抗体进行针对性治疗将极大提高患者的药物响应率,因此开发针对免疫关键靶点LAG-3的探针意义重大,鉴于LAG-3靶向药物在多种临床中展现出的显著治疗作用,通过更为灵活多变的多肽探针来实现活体层面的可视化,将解决该靶点研究中存在的缺憾与空白。
LAG-3/FGL1类分子信号通路是T细胞活化过程中非常重要的负性调控通路,可以引起肿瘤免疫耐受和逃逸,因此,通过阻断LAG-3/FGL1信号通路,打破肿瘤细胞的免疫耐受具有重要的应用价值,且开发的多肽高亲和LAG-3胞外蛋白可用于检测LAG-3的表达,这具有重要的临床应用价值。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种LAG-3蛋白的亲和肽、偶联肽、药剂和应用,提高LAG-3蛋白的亲和肽的亲和能力。
本发明的内容包括一种LAG-3蛋白的亲和肽,所述亲和肽的氨基酸序列如SEQ IDNO.1-16任一项所示。
可选的,所述亲和肽的各氨基酸的构型独立地选自D型或L型。
可选的,所述亲和肽的各氨基酸的构型均为D型或L型。
本发明提供一种偶联肽,包括上述LAG-3蛋白的亲和肽,所述亲和肽偶联PD-L1亲和肽、PD-1亲和肽或其他任意靶点的亲和肽或亲和剂。所述偶联肽的氨基酸序列如SEQ IDNO.17所示。
本发明提供一种药剂,包括所述的LAG-3蛋白的亲和肽或者所述的偶联肽,还包括药学上可接受的新型材料、辅料或成盐剂,比如赋形剂。
本发明提供了含上述亲和肽的药物组合物或试剂盒。
本发明提供了上述亲和肽在制备药物组合物或试剂盒中的应用。
所述药物组合物或试剂盒用于如下至少一种用途:
1)检测待测物对LAG-3蛋白的亲合和/或阻断能力,
2)用于定性和/或定量检测LAG-3蛋白表达与否、表达位置、表达含量,
3)通过本领域可推断的标记或偶联方法,对亲和肽进行荧光素或核素等方法标记,实现对LAG-3蛋白的成像和示踪,
4)抗肿瘤,
5)增强免疫细胞的功能。
所述肿瘤为结肠癌或其他高表达LAG-3的肿瘤。
所述LAG-3蛋白指本领域哺乳动物的LAG-3蛋白,如人或小鼠的LAG-3蛋白。
本申请所述LAG-3蛋白的亲和肽是指能亲和LAG-3蛋白的胞外IgV样结构域,并能阻断LAG-3/FGL1蛋白相互作用,LAG-3和FGL1分子可为野生型或仍保留其活性的突变型蛋白;可以将上述亲和肽或者偶联肽制成或修饰为药物,修饰形式为本领域人为成药,在保留活性的前提下,对前述亲和肽进行化学修饰以延长半衰期,比如环化修饰、乙酰化修饰、PAS修饰、PEG修饰、脂肪酸修饰、白蛋白修饰、白蛋白亲和肽修饰、NOTA修饰、放射性核素修饰、肿瘤归巢肽偶联、穿膜肽偶联、纳米载体偶联等一系列可预见的化学修饰方法。
所述LAG-3蛋白指本领域哺乳动物的LAG-3蛋白,如人或小鼠的LAG-3蛋白。
本发明的多肽可通过固相合成制得,如采用标准Fmoc方案制备。
本发明的有益效果:
本发明独辟蹊径,通过反复筛选、优化获得了LAG-3的亲和肽,亲和阻断活性实验证实,这些肽对LAG-3蛋白的亲和力强,阻断LAG-3/FGL1结合的效果好。进一步的体外T细胞激活实验和小鼠体内抗肿瘤实验验证,亲和肽可显著增强T细胞的活性,抑制小鼠肿瘤的生长,且无明显毒副作用。
附图说明
图1为母肽LFP-6对人源LAG-3蛋白亲和力实验结果;
图2为母体肽LFP-6阻断人源LAG-3/FGL1蛋白相互作用的实验结果;
图3为突变肽LFP-D1对人源LAG-3蛋白亲和力实验结果;
图4为突变肽LFP-D1阻断人源LAG-3/FGL1蛋白相互作用的实验结果;
图5为母肽LFP-6和突变肽LFP-D1在10%人血清中酶降解实验结果;
图6为偶联肽LFOP对人源LAG-3蛋白和人源PD-L1蛋白亲和力实验结果;
图7为偶联肽LFOP阻断人源LAG-3/FGL1蛋白和PD-1/PD-L1蛋白相互作用的实验结果;
图8为修饰肽LFP-D1对MC38移植瘤模型C57BL/6小鼠肿瘤体积和小鼠体重的影响;
图9为偶联肽LFOP对MC38移植瘤模型C57BL/6小鼠肿瘤体积和小鼠体重的影响。
图中显著性分析标识*表示P<0.05,**表示P<0.01,***表示P<0.001。
具体实施方式
下面将结合实施例对本发明的实施方案进行详细描述,但是下列实施例仅用于说明本发明,而不应该为限制本发明的范围。
如无特别说明,下面所用试剂、生物材料、培养基和溶液均为本领域常用、公众可以得到或市售的物品,部分示例如下:
牛血清白蛋白(BSA),索莱宝生物科技有限公司。
胎牛血清(FBS),以色列BI公司。
Monolith NTTM His-Tag Labeling Kit RED-Tris-NTA蛋白标记试剂盒,诺坦普科技(北京)有限公司。
培养基和溶液:
LB培养基、顶层琼脂、LB/IPTG/X-gal平板、RMPI 1640培养基(含10%FBS,100U/mL青霉素和100μg/mL链霉素)、Tris-HCl(pH 9.1)中和液、PEG-8000/NaCl沉淀液、Tris-T缓冲液、洗脱液(0.2M Glycine-HCl(pH 2.2),1mg/mL BSA)、中和液(1M Tris-HCl(pH9.1))、PBS缓冲液(pH 7.2)、PBST、BSA、Tween-20、TBST洗涤缓冲液等均按照常规技术制备得到,此处不再赘述。
主要仪器:
MST仪器,德国Nano Temper技术有限公司。
流式细胞仪,美国BD公司。
生物材料:
MC38细胞株,商购,由本实验室保种。
CHO-K1-hLAG-3细胞株(过表达hLAG-3的细胞),按照常规技术构建得到,由本实验室构建和保种。
C57BL/6小鼠(6-8周龄,雌性),北京维通利华实验动物技术有限公司,购置后饲养于SPF级动物房。
实施例1
噬菌体展示技术筛选LAG-3亲和肽,大体筛选过程如下:
(1)采用细胞筛选法进行噬菌体展示肽库的筛选;
(2)经过几轮筛选后,与靶蛋白人LAG-3胞外段有亲和力的噬菌体单克隆逐轮得到富集;
(3)挑选阳性克隆进行测序,得到多个插入七肽序列,即人LAG-3亲和肽序列,命名为LFP-1到LFP-8,其中LFP-6的序列为:M-H-R-P-P-S-T,氨基酸均为L构型。
基于上述筛选获得的多肽LFP-6,进行标准的Fmoc固相合成,高效液相色谱纯化,质谱鉴定无误后,后续进行亲和实验、阻断实验检测多肽的亲和及阻断能力,并检测肽的稳定性、进一步确证其抗肿瘤效果。
实施例2
微量热泳动(MST)检测本发明亲和肽LFP-6、LFP-D1、LFOP与hLAG-3以及mLAG-3的亲和力,检测过程如下:
(1)稀释染料:30μL 100% DMSO溶解Red-NHS676染料并按照2μL/管分装,使用时按照2μL染料加入98μL PBST溶液(0.05% Tween-20)进行稀释,此步骤避光操作;
(2)荧光标记蛋白:取出5μL的蛋白稀释液,将蛋白和染料稀释液按照1:1的比例混合均匀(蛋白使用浓度分别是:mLAG-3-His 100nM、hLAG-3-His 400nM、hPD-L1-His 800nM、mPD-L1-His 200nM);
(3)标记肽:将亲和肽溶解至使用浓度,然后倍比减半稀释,共得到16个倍比减半稀释多肽溶液,再将肽溶液与蛋白和染料的混合液1:1混合均匀;
(4)用MST专用毛细管吸取孵育后的溶液,放置于仪器托盘后立即检测荧光强度,使用NanoTemper分析软件MO.Affinity Analysis计算亲和力(KD值),结果显示,亲和肽LFP-6、LFP-D1、LFOP和hLAG-3蛋白的结合Kd值分别为16.11μM、15.72μM、13.26μM。LFP-6的亲和实验结果如图1所示,LFP-D1的亲和实验结果如图3所示,LFOP的亲和实验结果如图6所示。
实施例3
阻断LAG-3/FGL1相互作用
(1)培养CHO-K1-hLAG-3和CHO-K1-mLAG-3细胞于RMPI 1640培养基(含10%FBS,100U/mL青霉素和100μg/mL链霉素)中,收集对数生长期细胞,计数后分装3×105/管,加入预冷PBS 7.2缓冲液,离心4℃,3000rpm,5min洗涤后置于冰上;
(2)取出50μL的梯度浓度亲和肽溶液与CHO-K1-hLAG-3或CHO-K1-mLAG-3细胞共孵育30min,阴性对照和阳性对照都只加入50μL PBS 7.2溶液;
(3)向孵育后的体系中加入适量重组hLAG-3-Fc或mLAG-3-Fc蛋白,阳性对照管中也加入等量的蛋白溶液,阴性对照中加入等量的PBS 7.2溶液,混合均匀并至于4℃中孵育30min;
(4)向步骤(3)孵育后的溶液中入5uL购自Thermo Fisher的检测流式抗体(anti-human Fc PE),并混匀放置于4℃条件下孵育30min;
(5)加入1mL预冷的PBS 7.2缓冲液洗涤并离心,然后入200μL的PBS 7.2溶液重悬细胞,再用流式细胞仪检测细胞的平均荧光强度,并根据各组的平均荧光强度计算阻断率,计算阻断率公式为:阻断率=(阳性对照管平均荧光值-样品管荧光值)/阳性对照管平均荧光值×100%。LFP-6的阻断实验结果如图2所示,LFP-D1的阻断实验结果如图4所示,LFOP的阻断实验结果如图7所示。
总的实验结果如表1-2所示。
表1为噬菌体筛选得到的LAG-3亲和肽SEQ ID NO.1、2、3、4、6、7、8阻断LAG-3/FGL1蛋白相互作用的实验结果汇总表;
表2为基于母肽LFP-6的修饰肽SEQ ID NO.9、10、11、12、13、14、15、16以及偶联PD-L1亲和肽OPBP-1(8-12)的偶联肽SEQ ID NO.17阻断LAG-3/FGL1蛋白相互作用的实验结果汇总表;
表1-2中,小写字符代表D-氨基酸。
表1
表2
实施例4
阻断PD-1/PD-L1相互作用
(1)收集状态良好CHO-K1-hPD-1细胞或CHO-K1-mPD-1细胞,3000rpm离心洗涤两次,置于冰上备用;
(2)抽取hPD-L1-Fc或者mPD-L1-Fc蛋白溶液,加入到50μL体系的梯度稀释的肽溶液中,在4℃条件下孵育30min,其中阳性对照是加入等量的蛋白溶液到50μL体系的PBS 7.2缓冲液中,阴性对照体系中全部是PBS 7.2缓冲液;
(3)将(2)中孵育的体系加入到(1)中收集的细胞,并孵育30min;
(4)孵育结束后,所有样品管、阴性对照、阳性对照中加入荧光标记抗体anti-human Fc-PE,4℃孵育30min;
(5)加入1mL PBS 7.2缓冲液洗涤细胞并离心,然后加入200μL的PBS 7.2溶液重悬细胞,再用流式细胞仪检测细胞的平均荧光强度。LFOP的实验结果如图7所示。
实施例5
PBMCs细胞与HepG2细胞共培养
(1)抽取健康供者的新鲜全血加入PBS 7.2缓冲液进行1:1稀释,并轻轻颠倒混匀;
(2)在无菌50mL离心管底部加入15mL淋巴细胞分离液,在淋巴细胞分离液上层缓慢加入30mL稀释后的血液样本,并用2000rpm/min离心20min,离心机升降加速度均设置为3;
(3)离心结束后,小心吸取白膜层细胞,转移至另一只无菌50mL离心管中,加入大体积PBS溶液洗涤细胞,25℃,2000rpm/min离心20min,获取细胞沉淀,并重复洗涤2次;
(4)获取细胞沉淀后,用1640完全培养基重悬细胞并计数,调整细胞浓度为1×106细胞/mL,按照2×105细胞/样铺在48孔板中;
(5)加入HepG2细胞(2×105/mL)共培养48h;
(6)再分别加入条件培养基,包含IL-2(100U/mL)、anti-CD3(2μg/mL)、anti-CD28(2μg/mL);
(7)给药组分别加入100μM的LFP-D1肽溶液或LFOP肽溶液。
实施例6
亲和肽酶降解稳定性实验
(1)称取母肽LFP-6和修饰肽LFP-D1,用生理盐水溶解至200μM,加入人血清配制成含10%(V/V)血清的混合溶液,迅速混匀后放置于金属浴中,37℃下孵育48h,并分别在0h,0.5h,1h,2h,4h,8h,12h,24h,36h,48h,72h取出部分样品用于后续检测;
(2)将不同时间点取出的样品加入1/3体积的10%的高氯酸溶液,迅速震荡混匀以终止蛋白酶解,于4℃、12000g离心15min,收集上清液;
(3)RP-HPLC分析肽-血清混合物样品,统计实验结果;LFP-D1和LFP-6在10%血清中的酶降解结果如图5所示。
酶降解稳定性实验结果表明,修饰肽LFP-D1相较于母肽LFP-6的血清稳定性显著提高,在48h时仍保持几乎与初始相同的浓度。
实施例7
在MC38结直肠癌模型中探究LFP-D1、LFOP的抗肿瘤效果,具体实施方法如下:
(1)在C57BL/6小鼠的右侧背部接种1×106个MC38肿瘤,待小鼠肿瘤体积达到70mm3时,按照肿瘤体积大小进行分组,每天注射1mg/kg或3mg/kg的LFP-D1、5.8mg/kg LFOP肽,并用生理盐水作为阴性对照,每天给药,连续给药14天,给药期间隔天使用电子天平称量小鼠体重、数显游标卡尺测量小鼠肿瘤,按照公式V=1/2×a(长)×b(宽)×c(高)计算并记录小鼠肿瘤体积变化;
(2)在给药期间小鼠状态良好,实验如图8、图9所示。
本发明通过体外细胞水平实验和小鼠荷瘤实验表明,亲和肽的抑瘤效果明显,且无明显毒副作用,具有较好的医药应用前景。
本发明的亲和肽可用于制备以LAG-3和PD-L1为靶点的抗肿瘤药物(包括抗肿瘤免疫治疗药物或抗肿瘤相关药物)或检测试剂和临床LAG-3分子的示踪剂,为肿瘤免疫治疗提供了一种新的选择。
所属领域的普通技术人员应当理解:以上任何实施例的讨论仅为示例性的,并非旨在暗示本申请的保护范围限于这些例子;在本申请的思路下,以上实施例或者不同实施例中的技术特征之间也可以进行组合,步骤可以以任意顺序实现,并存在如上所述的本申请中一个或多个实施例的不同方面的许多其它变化,为了简明它们没有在细节中提供。
本申请中一个或多个实施例旨在涵盖落入本申请的宽泛范围之内的所有这样的替换、修改和变型。因此,凡在本申请中一个或多个实施例的精神和原则之内,所做的任何省略、修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种LAG-3蛋白的亲和肽,其特征是,所述亲和肽的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.1-16任一项所示。
2.如权利要求1所述的亲和肽,其特征是,所述亲和肽的各氨基酸的构型独立地选自D型或L型,所述亲和肽的各氨基酸的构型均为D型或L型。
3.一种偶联肽,其特征是,包括如权利要求1-2任一项所述的LAG-3蛋白的亲和肽,所述亲和肽偶联PD-L1亲和肽、PD-1亲和肽或其他任意靶点的亲和肽或亲和剂。
4.如权利要求3所述的偶联肽,其特征是,所述偶联肽的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.17所示。
5.一种药剂,其特征是,包括如权利要求1-2任一项所述的LAG-3蛋白的亲和肽或者如权利要求3或4所述的偶联肽,还包括药学上可接受的新型材料、辅料或成盐剂。
6.含1-2任一权利要求所述亲和肽的药物组合物或试剂盒。
7.1-2任一权利要求所述亲和肽在制备药物组合物或试剂盒中的应用。
8.如权利要求7所述的应用,其特征是,所述药物组合物或试剂盒用于如下至少一种用途:
1)检测待测物对LAG-3蛋白的亲合和/或阻断能力,
2)用于定性和/或定量检测LAG-3蛋白表达与否、表达位置和表达含量,
3)通过本领域可推断的标记或偶联方法,对亲和肽进行荧光素或核素等方法标记,实现对LAG-3蛋白的成像和示踪,
4)抗肿瘤,
5)增强免疫细胞的功能。
9.如权利要求8所述的应用,其特征是,所述肿瘤为结肠癌或其他高表达LAG-3的肿瘤。
10.如权利要求8或9所述的应用,其特征是,所述LAG-3蛋白为人或小鼠的LAG-3蛋白。
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