CN116439174B - Seedling cultivation method for Babylonia - Google Patents
Seedling cultivation method for Babylonia Download PDFInfo
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- CN116439174B CN116439174B CN202310249940.3A CN202310249940A CN116439174B CN 116439174 B CN116439174 B CN 116439174B CN 202310249940 A CN202310249940 A CN 202310249940A CN 116439174 B CN116439174 B CN 116439174B
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- 241000606434 Babylonia Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 3
- 210000003250 oocyst Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 241000237858 Gastropoda Species 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000006041 probiotic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
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- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 210000002784 stomach Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 240000002900 Arthrospira platensis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000016425 Arthrospira platensis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
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- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229940082787 spirulina Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 7
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- 210000000936 intestine Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 6
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- OCKGFTQIICXDQW-ZEQRLZLVSA-N 5-[(1r)-1-hydroxy-2-[4-[(2r)-2-hydroxy-2-(4-methyl-1-oxo-3h-2-benzofuran-5-yl)ethyl]piperazin-1-yl]ethyl]-4-methyl-3h-2-benzofuran-1-one Chemical compound C1=C2C(=O)OCC2=C(C)C([C@@H](O)CN2CCN(CC2)C[C@H](O)C2=CC=C3C(=O)OCC3=C2C)=C1 OCKGFTQIICXDQW-ZEQRLZLVSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/51—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of gastropods, e.g. abalones or turban snails
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/003—Aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/006—Accessories for aquaria or terraria
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
- A01N63/40—Viruses, e.g. bacteriophages
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
- A01N63/50—Isolated enzymes; Isolated proteins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
- A01P1/00—Disinfectants; Antimicrobial compounds or mixtures thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
- A01P3/00—Fungicides
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
- A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
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- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A23K20/174—Vitamins
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- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/20—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from animal husbandry
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The invention discloses a seedling cultivation method of Babylonia. The method comprises the following steps: oocyst hatching: shading the top of the seedling culture pond, and selecting the eastern oncomelania oocysts to be placed into the seedling culture pond for hatching and culturing; larva cultivation: after the Babylonia oocysts are hatched into larvae, feeding golden algae and yeast in early floating stages of the larvae; feeding golden algae, flat algae and spirulina powder in the middle floating period; feeding flat algae, chaetoceros and shrimp slices in the later period of floating; during the whole larva cultivation period, adding biological probiotics liquid, bacteriostat and intestine and stomach treasure; culturing young snails. The method greatly improves the growth rate of the Babylonia seedlings, shortens the floating period, improves the survival rate, the fertility rate and the average shell height of the Babylonia seedlings, and greatly improves the seedling benefit of the Babylonia.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of breeding of snails, and particularly relates to a breeding method for Babylonia.
Background
The Babylonia is of the phylum mollusca, class gastropoda, class pre-gill subclass, order Celloda, or family Odonidae. Has the advantages of high growth speed, short cultivation period, delicious meat taste, rich nutrition and the like, is deeply favored by farmers and consumers, and is a precious sea product with higher economic value.
The Babylonia is widely distributed in southeast coast and southeast Asia in China, and the main cultivation provinces of the Babylonia in China are Hainan, guangdong, fujian and Guangxi. Babylonia is generally distributed in a sea area with water depth of several meters to tens of meters under tide, and different types have different requirements on the substrate, generally sandy, muddy or muddy. Babylonia quadricarinata is a warm water species and living on the sea floor with fine sand and muddy qualities of 11-55 m of shallow sea water depth on the coast under tide. The Babylonia is one of important marine biological resources, and the artificial culture of the Babylonia is rapidly developed due to higher economic value, and at present, the main artificial culture types in China mainly comprise 3 types: babylonia quadricarina, babylonia, and Babylonia taiwan. Due to market demands, the culture scale and the culture area of the Babylonia are enlarged year by year, and the Babylonia becomes one of main varieties of southern mariculture.
Babylonia mainly depends on sea water fishing to cause serious decay of natural resources, and the Babylonia can not meet the market demand by relying on natural shellfish fishing for a long time. Therefore, only through the research of artificial breeding technology, the artificial breeding of a large number of breeding seeds can meet a large number of demands of the market on the Babylonia, and meanwhile, the natural resource protection of the Babylonia is also positively acted.
The biological and seedling research of the Babylonia has been reported, the artificial seedling quantity of the Babylonia reaches a certain production scale, but the cultivation survival rate is mostly lower, the cultivation bait is mostly ice fresh fish, and the cultivation aspect is lack of systematic research.
The artificial seedling raising technology for Babylonia with square spots includes such steps as egg collection, egg hatching, larva cultivation, bait kind and larva cultivation effect, and features that the survival rate of Babylonia larva is 64.6-70.8% and the metamorphosis rate of larva is 10-64%, and the survival rate and metamorphosis rate of Babylonia larva are low.
Therefore, the artificial breeding technology of the Babylonia with high survival rate and high breeding rate is developed and researched, and the technical problem to be solved is urgent.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the prior art problems, the primary aim of the invention is to provide a method for cultivating the seedlings of the Babylonia, which greatly improves the growth rate of the seedlings of the Babylonia, shortens the floating period, improves the survival rate, the yield and the average shell height of the seedlings of the Babylonia and greatly improves the seedling benefit of the Babylonia.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for cultivating Babylonia comprises the following steps:
s1, oocyst incubation: shading the top of the seedling culture pond, and selecting the eastern oncomelania oocysts to be placed into the seedling culture pond for hatching and culturing;
s2, cultivating larvae: after the Babylonia oocysts are hatched into larvae, feeding golden algae and yeast in early floating stages of the larvae; feeding golden algae, flat algae and spirulina powder in the middle floating period; feeding flat algae, chaetoceros and shrimp slices in the later period of floating; during the whole larva cultivation period, adding biological probiotics liquid, bacteriostat and intestine and stomach treasure;
s3, young snail cultivation: when larvae are deformed into young snails and fall to the bottom in the late floating period, a base plate for the young snails to adhere and climb is put in, and the larvae are continuously fed after all the larvae are deformed, so that the Babylonia is obtained through cultivation.
The inventor discovers through long-term research that when the special tarpaulin is adopted to cover the seedling culture pond, the seedling culture pond can create a light blue light seedling culture environment, meanwhile, the special tarpaulin can play a certain shielding role, the sun-proof shading rate and the light transmission illumination intensity of the seedling culture pond are well controlled within a specific range, and the environment can well improve the growth rate and the survival rate of the eastern conch oocysts and larvae. Further, the inventor finds that the biological probiotics liquid, the bacteriostat and the intestine and stomach are also added in the larva cultivation process so as to improve the larva development condition; specifically, the biological probiotics liquid can improve the water environment of the seedling pool, powerfully decompose organic matters such as residual baits, excreta and the like, and reduce harmful substances such as ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, hydrogen sulfide and the like; the bacteriostat can inhibit and kill various vibrio, aeromonas and other harmful bacteria in the water body, occupy ecological positions of the harmful bacteria, and can directly and indirectly inhibit the propagation and growth of the harmful bacteria; the Changweibao can effectively prevent and treat bacterial enteritis, improve the immunity of the Babylonia larvae and reduce the incidence rate. The growth rate and survival rate of the eastern concha oocysts and the larvae are greatly promoted and improved through the synergistic effect of the biological probiotics liquid, the bacteriostat and the intestine and stomach protector. Under the action of the common conditions, the inventor matches different baits at different periods in the growth process of the Babylonia, so that the survival rate of metamorphosis is up to 96%, the rate of young Bei Yocheng can also reach 88%, the excellent survival rate and the excellent breeding rate are achieved, the growth rate is obviously improved, the floating period is shortened, and the seedling benefit of the Babylonia is greatly improved.
Preferably, in the step S1, the shading treatment is to cover the top of the seedling culture pond with a tarpaulin with a deep blue surface layer and a deep silver inner layer. According to the invention, the deep blue is adopted, the inner layer is a deep silver tarpaulin covering the seedling culture pond, so that a light blue light seedling culture environment can be created, and further, the growth rate and survival rate of the eastern wind snail oocysts and larvae are better improved.
Preferably, in the step S1, the sun-proof shading rate of the seedling culture pond is more than or equal to 70% after shading treatment, and the light transmission illumination intensity is less than or equal to 400lux.
Further preferably, the sun-proof shading rate of the seedling culture pond is 70-95% after shading treatment, and the light transmission illumination intensity is 100-400 lux.
Preferably, during the seedling cultivation, the pH value of the seedling cultivation pool is controlled to be 7.5-8.5, the water temperature is 24-30 ℃, the salinity is 25-35, and the oxygen content is more than or equal to 5mg/L.
Preferably, in the step S1, the eastern conch oocysts have an average egg content of more than 500, no virus is carried, and the endosperm liquid is full. The Babylonia oocyst cultured and incubated Babylonia larva has good health and activity.
Preferably, in the step S1, the culture pond is further sterilized before the eastern oncomelania oocysts are placed in the culture pond.
Further preferably, the sterilization treatment is carried out by using 2.5 to 10ml/m 3 And (5) sterilizing formaldehyde.
Preferably, the eastern oncomelania oocysts are placed into a seedling culture pond for hatching and culturing after being disinfected for 24 hours.
Preferably, in the step S2, the biological fluid includes bacillus, lactobacillus, photosynthetic bacteria, clostridium butyricum and EM bacteria. Further preferably, the mass ratio of the bacillus, the lactic acid bacteria, the photosynthetic bacteria, the clostridium butyricum and the EM bacteria is 1-3: 1 to 3:1 to 3:1 to 3:1 to 3. Most preferably, the mass ratio of bacillus, lactobacillus, photosynthetic bacteria, clostridium butyricum and EM bacteria is 1:1:1:1:1.
preferably, in the step S2, the bacteriostat includes vibrio phagolensis, phage, and antibacterial peptide. Further preferably, the mass ratio of vibrio phages, phages and antibacterial peptides is 1-2: 1-2: 1 to 3. Most preferably, the mass ratio of vibrio phages, antibacterial peptides is 1:1:1.
preferably, in the step S2, the gastrointestinal device includes rhubarb, phellodendron bark, skullcap, common andrographis herb and bile extract. Further preferably, the mass ratio of the rheum officinale, the phellodendron bark, the radix scutellariae, the common andrographis herb and the bile is 1-3: 1-2: 1-2: 1-2: 1 to 1.5. Most preferably, the mass ratio of rheum officinale, phellodendron bark, radix scutellariae, common andrographis herb and bile is 1:1:1:1:1.
preferably, in the step S2, the biological probiotic liquid is added every day, the bacteriostatic agent is added every two days, and the gastrointestinal tract is added every two days.
Preferably, in the step S2, the cultivation density of the Babylonia larvae is controlled to be 8-12 ten thousand/m 3 。
Preferably, benthic diatoms are attached to the substrate, and the larvae continue to be fed with artemia larvae after all of the larvae are metamorphosed.
Preferably, the golden algae and yeast are fed twice daily in early planktonic stages.
Preferably, the golden algae, the flat algae and the spirulina powder are fed three times a day in the metaphase of floating.
Preferably, the flat algae, the chaetoceros and the shrimp slices are fed three times a day in the late floating period.
Preferably, in the step S1, the hatching culture is that the eastern wind snail oocysts are placed in a net cage, the net cage is placed in a seedling culture pond for hatching, and an air stone is arranged in the net cage.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention provides a method for cultivating the young Babylonia, which greatly improves the growth rate of young Babylonia, shortens the floating period, improves the survival rate, the growth rate and the average shell height of young Babylonia, and greatly improves the young Babylonia seedling benefit.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated below with reference to specific examples, which are not intended to limit the invention in any way. Unless specifically stated otherwise, the reagents, methods and apparatus employed in the present invention are those conventional in the art.
Example 1A method for culturing Babylonia
(1) Oocyst hatching: the top of the seedling culture pond is covered with dark tarpaulin (PE rain-proof cloth of Shenzhen Kao Hongshi technology Co., ltd., the surface layer of which is dark blue, the inner layer of which is dark silver and made of high-density polyethylene), so that the sun-proof shading rate of the seedling culture pond is 80%, the light transmission illumination intensity is 200lux, and a light blue seedling culture environment is integrally built; controlling the pH value of the seedling culture pond to be 7.5-8.5, the water temperature to be 24-30 ℃, the salinity to be 25-35 and the oxygen content to be higher than 5mg/L; before the cultivation, 2.5-10 ml/m is adopted 3 Sterilizing for 24 hr, selecting egg bags with average egg content of more than 500 and no virus, and plump endosperm liquid, placing into a net cage, placing the net cage into a hatching pond for hatching, wherein the net cage is provided with air stones with the set density of 2 air stones/m 2 The oxygenation is carried out for 24 hours, the early aeration quantity of the larvae is kept in a micro-wave shape, the aeration quantity is slowly regulated to be large, and the later stage is in a small boiling state;
(2) Larva cultivation: after the Babylonia oocysts are hatched into larvae, feeding golden algae and yeast (2 times per day) in early floating stages of the larvae; feeding golden algae, flat algae and spirulina powder (3 times/day) in the floating medium stage; feeding flat algae, chaetoceros and shrimp slices (3 times/day) in the later period of floating; during the whole larval cultivation periodControlling the breeding density of the larvae of the Babylonia to be 8-12 ten thousand/m 3 The biological probiotics liquid is added every day, the bacteriostat is added every two days, and the gastrointestinal tract is added every two days; wherein, the biological probiotics liquid is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 1:1:1:1, bacillus, lactobacillus, photosynthetic bacteria, clostridium butyricum and EM; the bacteriostat comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1:1, phage, antibacterial peptide; the stomach is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 1:1:1:1, rhubarb, phellodendron bark, baikal skullcap root, common andrographis herb and bile extract.
(3) Culturing young snails: when larvae become abnormal to the larvae and fall to the bottom in the later period of floating, putting a substrate (substrate with benthic diatom attached) for the adhesion and climbing of the larvae, feeding the artemia larvae after all the larvae become abnormal to the larvae, and cultivating to obtain the Babylonia.
Example 2A method for culturing Babylonia
(1) Oocyst hatching: the top of the seedling culture pond is covered with dark tarpaulin (the surface layer is dark blue, the inner layer is dark silver, the material is high-density polyethylene, the Shenzhen Kagao Hongshi technology Co., ltd., PE waterproof cloth) so that the sun-proof shading rate of the seedling culture pond is 80%, the light transmission illumination intensity is 200lux, and a light blue seedling culture environment is integrally built; controlling the pH value of the seedling culture pond to be 7.5-8.5, the water temperature to be 24-30 ℃, the salinity to be 25-35 and the oxygen content to be higher than 5mg/L; before the cultivation, 2.5-10 ml/m is adopted 3 Sterilizing for 24 hr, selecting egg bags with average egg content of more than 500 and no virus, and plump endosperm liquid, placing into a net cage, placing the net cage into a hatching pond for hatching, wherein the net cage is provided with air stones with the set density of 2 air stones/m 2 The oxygenation is carried out for 24 hours, the early aeration quantity of the larvae is kept in a micro-wave shape, the aeration quantity is slowly regulated to be large, and the later stage is in a small boiling state;
(2) Larva cultivation: after the Babylonia oocysts are hatched into larvae, feeding golden algae and yeast (2 times per day) in early floating stages of the larvae; feeding golden algae, flat algae and spirulina powder (3 times/day) in the floating medium stage; feeding flat algae, chaetoceros and shrimp slices (3 times/day) in the later period of floating; controlling the breeding density of the larvae of the Babylonia to be 8-12 ten thousand/m during the whole larva breeding period 3 Added daily for lifeThe bacteria-benefiting liquid is added with bacteriostat every two days, and the intestine and stomach treasure every two days; wherein, the biological probiotics liquid is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 3:3:3:3, bacillus, lactobacillus, photosynthetic bacteria, clostridium butyricum and EM; the bacteriostat comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 2:3, vibrio phagostimulans, phage and antibacterial peptides; the stomach is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 2:2:2:1.5 of rhubarb, phellodendron bark, baikal skullcap root, common andrographis herb and bile extract.
(3) Culturing young snails: when larvae become abnormal to the larvae and fall to the bottom in the later period of floating, putting a substrate (substrate with benthic diatom attached) for the adhesion and climbing of the larvae, feeding the artemia larvae after all the larvae become abnormal to the larvae, and cultivating to obtain the Babylonia.
Example 3A method for culturing Babylonia
(1) Oocyst hatching: the top of the seedling culture pond is covered with dark tarpaulin (the surface layer is dark blue, the inner layer is dark silver, the material is high-density polyethylene, the Shenzhen Kagao Hongshi technology Co., ltd., PE waterproof cloth) so that the sun-proof shading rate of the seedling culture pond is 80%, the light transmission illumination intensity is 200lux, and a light blue seedling culture environment is integrally built; controlling the pH value of the seedling culture pond to be 7.5-8.5, the water temperature to be 24-30 ℃, the salinity to be 25-35 and the oxygen content to be higher than 5mg/L; before the cultivation, 2.5-10 ml/m is adopted 3 Sterilizing for 24 hr, selecting egg bags with average egg content of more than 500 and no virus, and plump endosperm liquid, placing into a net cage, placing the net cage into a hatching pond for hatching, wherein the net cage is provided with air stones with the set density of 2 air stones/m 2 The oxygenation is carried out for 24 hours, the early aeration quantity of the larvae is kept in a micro-wave shape, the aeration quantity is slowly regulated to be large, and the later stage is in a small boiling state;
(2) Larva cultivation: after the Babylonia oocysts are hatched into larvae, feeding golden algae and yeast (2 times per day) in early floating stages of the larvae; feeding golden algae, flat algae and spirulina powder (3 times/day) in the floating medium stage; feeding flat algae, chaetoceros and shrimp slices (3 times/day) in the later period of floating; controlling the breeding density of the larvae of the Babylonia to be 8-12 ten thousand/m during the whole larva breeding period 3 The biological probiotics liquid is added every day, the bacteriostat is added every two days, and the gastrointestinal tract is added every two days; wherein the living beings benefitThe bacterial liquid comprises the following components in mass ratio 3:1:1:1:1, bacillus, lactobacillus, photosynthetic bacteria, clostridium butyricum and EM; the bacteriostat consists of the following components in percentage by mass: 1:1, phage, antibacterial peptide; the stomach is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 1:1:1:1, rhubarb, phellodendron bark, baikal skullcap root, common andrographis herb and bile extract.
(3) Culturing young snails: when larvae become abnormal to the larvae and fall to the bottom in the later period of floating, putting a substrate (substrate with benthic diatom attached) for the adhesion and climbing of the larvae, feeding the artemia larvae after all the larvae become abnormal to the larvae, and cultivating to obtain the Babylonia.
Comparative example 1
The difference between this comparative example and example 1 is that: in the step (1), the tarpaulin covered on the top of the seedling culture pond is black, so that the sun-proof shading rate of the seedling culture pond reaches 99%, and the light transmission illumination intensity is lower than 50lux.
Comparative example 2
The difference between this comparative example and example 1 is that: in the step (2), no biological probiotics liquid is adopted.
Comparative example 3
The difference between this comparative example and example 1 is that: in the step (2), no bacteriostat is adopted.
Comparative example 4
The difference between this comparative example and example 1 is that: in the step (2), no gastrointestinal treasure is adopted.
Test example 1
Calculate the average shell height for the planktonic phases (day 3, day 6, day 9): when sampling, adopting a three-point sampling method, namely adopting a 250mL beaker to take one cup at the front, middle and rear positions of the seedling pool, randomly selecting 10 cups each, observing and recording the sizes of larvae under a microscope, wherein the average value of the shell heights of 30 cups is the average shell height of the same day; the young shellfish is in a form after the larva is metamorphosed and falls to the bottom after the floating period is ended, and the average value obtained by randomly selecting 30 shells to measure the height is the average shell height of the young shellfish. Survival rate in metamorphosis is the ratio of the number of attached juvenile mollusks to the number of initial larvae; the rate of juvenile Bei Yocheng is the ratio of the number of juvenile mollusks cultivated for 7 days to the number of juvenile mollusks with bottoming metamorphosis. Table 1 shows the floating period time, survival rate in metamorphosis and rate of young Bei Yocheng of Babylonia in example 1 and comparative examples 1 to 4.
TABLE 1
Remarks: comparative example 4 the planktonic stage larvae received bacterial gastroenteritis, were unable to ingest, and finally discharged.
The special tarpaulin is adopted to cover the seedling culture pond, so that the seedling culture pond can create a light blue light seedling culture environment, meanwhile, the special tarpaulin can play a certain shielding role, the sun-proof shading rate and the light transmission illumination intensity of the seedling culture pond are well controlled within a specific range, and the growth rate and the survival rate of the eastern wind snail oocysts and the larvae can be well improved; the growth rate and the survival rate of the eastern oncomelania oocysts and the larvae are greatly promoted and improved through the synergistic effect of the biological probiotics liquid, the bacteriostat and the gastrointestinal tract, the biological probiotics liquid can improve the water environment of a seedling pool, powerfully decompose organic matters such as residual baits and excreta, and reduce harmful substances such as ammonia nitrogen, nitrite and hydrogen sulfide; the bacteriostat can inhibit and kill various vibrio, aeromonas and other harmful bacteria in the water body, occupy ecological positions of the harmful bacteria, and can directly and indirectly inhibit the propagation and growth of the harmful bacteria; the Changweibao can effectively prevent and treat bacterial enteritis, improve the immunity of the Babylonia larvae and reduce the incidence rate. Under the action of the common conditions, the inventor matches different baits at different periods in the growth process of the Babylonia, so that the survival rate of metamorphosis is up to 96%, the rate of young Bei Yocheng can also reach 88%, the excellent survival rate and the excellent breeding rate are achieved, the growth rate is obviously improved, the floating period is shortened, and the seedling benefit of the Babylonia is greatly improved.
The foregoing examples are illustrative only and serve to explain some features of the method of the invention. The claims that follow are intended to claim the broadest possible scope as conceivable and the embodiments presented herein are demonstrated for the applicant's true test results. It is, therefore, not the intention of the applicant that the appended claims be limited by the choice of examples illustrating the features of the invention. Some numerical ranges used in the claims also include sub-ranges within which variations in these ranges should also be construed as being covered by the appended claims where possible.
Claims (10)
1. The method for cultivating the Babylonia is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, oocyst incubation: shading the top of the seedling culture pond, and selecting the eastern oncomelania oocysts to be placed into the seedling culture pond for hatching and culturing;
s2, larva cultivation: after the Babylonia oocysts are hatched into larvae, feeding golden algae and yeast in early floating stages of the larvae; feeding golden algae, flat algae and spirulina powder in the middle floating period; feeding flat algae, chaetoceros and shrimp slices in the later period of floating; during the whole larva cultivation period, adding biological probiotics liquid, bacteriostat and intestine and stomach treasure;
s3, young snail cultivation: when larvae are deformed into young snails and fall to the bottom in the late floating period, a base plate for the young snails to adhere and climb is put in, and the larvae are continuously fed after all the larvae are deformed, so that the Babylonia is obtained through cultivation.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the shading treatment is to cover the top of the seedling culture pond with a tarpaulin having a deep blue surface layer and a deep silver inner layer.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the sun-proof shading rate of the seedling culture pond is not less than 70% after shading treatment, and the light transmission illumination intensity is not more than 400lux.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the pH value of the seedling culture pond is controlled to be 7.5-8.5, the water temperature is 24-30 ℃, the salinity is 25-35, and the oxygen content is more than or equal to 5mg/L during the seedling culture.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the biological beneficial bacteria liquid includes bacillus, lactic acid bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, clostridium butyricum and EM bacteria.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the bacteriostatic agent comprises vibrio phages, phage, and antibacterial peptides.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the gastrointestinal device comprises rheum officinale, phellodendron bark, scutellaria baicalensis, andrographis paniculata, bile extract.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the biological probiotic liquid is administered daily, the bacteriostatic agent is administered every two days, and the gastrointestinal (llr) tissue is administered every two days.
9. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the cultivation density of the Babylonia larvae is controlled to be 8-12 ten thousand/m 3 。
10. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S3 benthic diatoms are attached to the substrate, and the feeding of the artemia larvae is continued after all the larvae are metamorphosed.
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