CN1164367C - Bastnaesite dressing process - Google Patents
Bastnaesite dressing process Download PDFInfo
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- CN1164367C CN1164367C CNB011267100A CN01126710A CN1164367C CN 1164367 C CN1164367 C CN 1164367C CN B011267100 A CNB011267100 A CN B011267100A CN 01126710 A CN01126710 A CN 01126710A CN 1164367 C CN1164367 C CN 1164367C
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a bastnaesite separating technique, particularly the bastnaesite separating technique combining gravity separation, magnetic separation and flotation separation. Ore is finely ground and fed into a table for the gravity separation; coarse-particle ore concentrate, middlings and tailings are separated; the middlings are fed into a magnetic separator for the magnetic separation to separated medium-particle ore concentrate and medium-particle tailings; after the tailings are sieved and ground, a dispersing agent is added to control the pH value for slime separation; after the slime separation, deposited sand is stirred, conditioned and separated in a flotation mode, and a main collecting agent, a subsidiary collecting agent and a foaming agent which are used as flotation agents are orderly added to control the density, the temperature and the pH value of pulp. The present invention has the advantages of short process, high grade and recovery rate, low medicine consumption and low cost.
Description
Technical field: the present invention relates to a kind of bastnaesite dressing process, the bastnaesite dressing process that especially gravity treatment, magnetic separation and flotation are combined.
Background technology: bastnaesite is the essential mineral that extracts rare earth elements such as La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd.Typical ore deposits has U.S.'s Paasche mountain Rare Earth Mine, the big syneclise Rare Earth Mine in Chinese Sichuan maoniuping rare-earth mineral and Dechang, Weishan, Shandong Rare Earth Mine, Bayan Obo Rare Earth Mine.Preceding four kinds of Rare Earth Mine belong to single bastnaesite, and the latter belongs to the Rare Earth Mine of bastnaesite and monazite mixing.The ore-dressing technique of sorting bastnaesite has at present: gravity treatment, magnetic separation, floatation process or this three kinds of technologies are combined.U.S. Paasche mountain ore dressing of rare earth factory adopts " high temperature floatation ", be to size mixing behind the grinde ore, heat to more than 90 ℃, carrying out six times stirs, simultaneously add medicaments such as ammonium lignin sulfonate, C-30 tall oil or oleic acid, prodan, soda successively and carry out flotation, through five selected closed circuit flow processs of one roughing, can choose concentrate grade REO=60%-62% from the raw ore that contains REO 〉=7%, the fluorine carbon cerium mischmetal concentrate of rare earth yield 65%-70%.The Sichuan maoniuping rare-earth mineral, adopt gravity treatment or gravity treatment-magnetic separation or the combined technology of gravity treatment-flotation mostly, gravity treatment can obtain to contain the bastnaesite concentrate of REO=50-55%, and magnetic separation can obtain to contain the bastnaesite concentrate of REO=70-72%, and the rare earth overall recovery is 45-56%.Adopt the technology of gravity treatment-flotation, its gravity treatment can obtain the bastnaesite concentrate of REO=50-56%, and flotation is to add 3-5 kg of water glass by per ton to the ore deposit, and 0.4-1.0 kilogram sulfuric acid adds H
205Or JD-2 collecting agent 2-4 kilogram, through one roughing, recleaning, obtaining to contain the flotation concentrate of REO=52-58%, the rare earth overall recovery is 55-65%.The Rare Earth Mine that bastnaesite and monazite mix then adopts strong magnetic-floatation process to carry out sorting, chats behind the high intensity magnetic separation iron (containing REO=7-12%) is given the ore deposit as the rare earth flotation, flotation adds 4.5-7.5 kg of water glass and hydroximic acid collecting agent 2.0-3.0 kilogram by per ton to the ore deposit, through one roughing, two to triple cleaning, acquisition contains REO=56-60%, flotation recovery rate 58-64%.Above-mentioned technology deficiency is: 1, the concentrate grade and the rate of recovery are low; 2, technological process is long, and especially the energy consumption of high temperature floatation is big, the cost height; 3, floating agent total burn-off height, the waterglass consumption is big, and mine tailing mud is not easy precipitation, causes environmental pollution; 4, adopt the mine tailing of gravity treatment or magnetic separation generally all not recycle serious waste of resources.
Summary of the invention: the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is that existing bastnaesite dressing process is made improvements, to improve rare earth ore concentrate grade and the rate of recovery, simplification technological process, to reduce production costs.For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention realizes like this, grinde ore is sent into shaking table and is carried out gravity treatment to accounting for 60-95% less than 0.15mm, sub-elect the coarse grain bastnaesite concentrate through gravity treatment, chats and mine tailing, chats is sent into magnetic separator and is carried out magnetic separation, grain bastnaesite concentrate and mine tailing in sub-electing, mine tailing after magnetic separation and screen again with ore grinding through the mine tailing that separation by shaking table goes out and to handle, make ore account for 75-85% less than 0.074mm, send into the desliming device and carry out the desliming processing, add 0.2 2 kilograms of dispersants by per ton to the ore deposit during desliming, and carry out desliming under the control PH=7.5-9.5 condition, sand setting after desliming is sent into agitating device and is sized mixing, adjust agent and inhibitor by per ton to ore deposit adding waterglass 0.4-1.8 kilogram, ore pulp after handling through sizing mixing is sent into flotation unit and is carried out flotation operation, and adds 0.8-3 kilogram hydroximic acid collecting agent successively for the ore deposit to make main catching agent by per ton, 30-300 restrains L
108Make supplementary catching agent and 20-150 gram foaming agent and make floating agent, flotation operation carries out under ore pulp PH=7-9.5, pulp density 50-62%, slurry temperature 30-50 ℃ condition.
The best dosage of above-mentioned flotation operation: add hydroximic acid main catching agent 1.2-1.6 kilogram, supplementary catching agent L to the ore deposit by per ton
108100-150 gram, foaming agent 60-100 gram.
Above-mentioned hydroximic acid main catching agent comprises bigcatkin willow hydroximic acid, bigcatkin willow hydroximic acid ammonium, bigcatkin willow hydroximic acid sodium and bigcatkin willow hydroximic acid potassium.
Above-mentioned supplementary catching agent also can be selected for use and be L
303, its consumption is the 150-400 gram.
The present invention through implementing its advantage is: 1, technological process is short, and concentration ratio height, especially flotation can be produced phosphorus concentrate through 1-2 flotation operation; 2, the comprehensive grade REO of rare earth ore concentrate can reach 68-74% greater than 62%, rare earth overall recovery 80-85%; 3, the total consumption of floating agent less, production cost is low, and especially the waterglass consumption is few, and the tailings mud pulp-water precipitates easily, is beneficial to the tailing water discharging; 4, mine tailing behind the table concentration and the mine tailing after the magnetic separation are carried out sorting, can improve the utilization rate of resource.
The specific embodiment: the following the present invention of providing is used to handle the embodiment of Sichuan maoniuping rare-earth mineral, is described further:
The Sichuan maoniuping rare-earth mineral is China second largest light rare earth mineral resources base, and essential mineral has bastnaesite, barite, celestine, fluorite, calcite, galena, wulfenite, pyrite, iron (manganese) mineral, aegirine-augite, albite, osannite, quartz etc.Bastnaesite grain size number thickness inequality (several centimetres to several microns), the ore weathering is serious, argillization rate higher (about 20%).Ore rare earth grade REO=3-10%.The present invention is as follows at the embodiment of this ore.
Embodiment 1, tcrude ore rare earth grade REO=5.5%, grinde ore 70% is followed with one's eyes into table concentration less than 100, selects the coarse grain bastnaesite, obtain REO greater than 57%, rare earth yield is greater than 45% table concentration concentrate.The chats that shaking table is selected (REO＞16%) is sent into the magnetic separator of magnetic field intensity greater than 10000 Gausses, sub-elects REO greater than 72% bastnaesite concentrate.Shaking table mine tailing and magnetic tailing merge to screen with ore grinding again to be handled, make ore account for 85% and send into the desliming of desliming device less than 0.074mm, desliming is made dispersant by per ton to ore deposit adding 0.8-1.2 kg of water glass, under the condition of PH=8.5-9, carry out desliming, sand setting after desliming is sent into agitating device and is sized mixing, size mixing and adjust agent and inhibitor to ore deposit adding waterglass 0.8-1.0 kilogram by per ton, and control ore pulp PH=7.5-8.2, pulp density 50-62%, slurry temperature 35-40 ℃, send into flotation unit through the ore pulp of sizing mixing after handling, and add bigcatkin willow hydroximic acid ammonium 1.3-1.6 kilogram successively by the ore deposit of giving per ton, L
108Supplementary catching agent 80-100 gram, No. 2 oily 50-80 grams of foaming agent, and be that 50-62%, flotation temperature are to carry out flotation under the 35-40 ℃ of condition keeping ore pulp PH=7.5-8.2, pulp density.Then can obtain REO=62-68% through a sorting operation, the bastnaesite concentrate of flotation operation rate of recovery 88-92%.Full-range rare earth overall recovery is 80-84%.
Embodiment 2, select for use sample ore identical, but give ore deposit grade REO=7.8% with embodiment 1.Grinde ore to 60% less than 100 orders after, send into shaking table and select the coarse grain bastnaesite concentrate, its grade REO=57-58; The chats of selecting (REO＞18%) is sent into the magnetic separator of magnetic field intensity greater than 10000 Gausses, grain bastnaesite concentrate in sub-electing, its grade REO=72-74%.Mine tailing that shaking table is selected and magnetic tailing are sent into 150 heights of eye dusting cover frequently, ore in sand form is sent into ball mill on the sieve, levigate to 75% less than behind 200 orders with sieve down fine tailings merge and send into the desliming device, make dispersant by per ton to ore deposit adding 200-400 gram sodium hexametaphosphate, under ore pulp PH=8.5-9.0 condition, carry out desliming, sand setting after the desliming is sent into agitating device and is sized mixing, size mixing and adjust agent and inhibitor to ore deposit adding waterglass 0.9-1.1 kilogram by per ton, and control ore pulp PH=8.5-9.0, pulp density 50-62%, slurry temperature 33-40 ℃, send into flotation device and carry out flotation operation, and add main catching agent bigcatkin willow hydroximic acid sodium 1.0-1.3 kilogram to the ore deposit by per ton, add L
108Supplementary catching agent 90-120 gram and foaming agent terpenic oil 50-80 gram carry out flotation under maintenance ore pulp PH=8.0-8.5, flotation temperature 33-40 ℃, the condition of pulp density 50-62%.Through the one roughing primary cleaning, obtain grade REO=65-72%, the high-quality rare earth concentrate of flotation operation rate of recovery 88-92%.Full-range rare earth overall recovery reaches 82-85%.
Example 3, select for use sample ore identical with embodiment 1, but the mining position is different, head grade REO=7.0%, ore at first enters double-deck high frequency shale shaker and makes classification and sorting, select coarse grain gangue on the ground floor sieve greater than 1mm, second layer sieve is gone up ore in sand form and is milled to and accounts for 75% less than 0.15mm and send into table concentration, sub-elect the coarse grain bastnaesite concentrate that contains REO＞57%, the chats that shaking table is selected is sent into the magnetic separator magnetic separation of magnetic field intensity greater than 10000 Gausses, sub-elects the middle grain bastnaesite concentrate that contains REO=72-74%.Shaking table mine tailing and magnetic tailing are sent into the screening of 150 order vibratory sieves, ore in sand form is levigate to 75% less than down mineral and double-deck high frequency sieve second layer sieve merge less than the fine mineral (containing a large amount of sludges) of 0.10mm down and send into the desliming device with sieve behind 200 orders on the sieve, make dispersant by per ton to ore deposit adding 0.6-1.0 kg of water glass, under ore pulp PH=8.5-9.0 condition, carry out desliming.The desliming sand setting is sent into to stir and is sized mixing, and then enters the flotation device flotation, and flotation adds waterglass 0.7-0.9 kilogram successively, adds main catching agent bigcatkin willow hydroxyl oxime potassium (or ammonium) 1.2-1.5 kilogram, supplementary catching agent L
303The 200-350 gram, No. 2 oily 60-80 grams of foaming agent, at ore pulp PH=8.0-8.5, pulp density 50-60% carries out flotation under the flotation temperature 33-38 ℃ condition, through once sorting the microfine bastnaesite concentrate that then can obtain REO 64-68%.Full-range rare earth overall recovery 80-84%.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of bastnaesite dressing process, comprise: ore grinding, gravity treatment, magnetic separation and flotation, flotation is by desliming, size mixing and flotation operation three steps formation, add waterglass in the flotation, hydroximic acid collecting agent and foaming agent, and at ore pulp PH=7-9.5, carry out under slurry temperature 30-50 ℃ the condition, it is characterized in that: grinde ore is sent into shaking table and is carried out gravity treatment to accounting for 60-95% less than 0.15mm, sub-elect the coarse grain bastnaesite concentrate through gravity treatment, chats and mine tailing, chats is sent into magnetic separator and is carried out magnetic separation, grain bastnaesite concentrate and mine tailing in sub-electing, mine tailing after magnetic separation and screen again with ore grinding through the mine tailing that shaking table is selected and to handle, make ore account for 75-85% less than 0.074mm, send into the desliming device and carry out the desliming processing, add 0.3-2 kilogram dispersant by per ton to the ore deposit during desliming, and carry out desliming under the control PH=7.5-9.5 condition, sand setting after desliming is sent into agitating device and is sized mixing, and add waterglass 0.4-1.8 kilogram to the ore deposit and adjust agent and inhibitor by per ton, ore pulp after handling through sizing mixing is sent into flotation unit and is carried out flotation operation, adds 0.8-3 kilogram hydroximic acid collecting agent successively for the ore deposit to make main catching agent by per ton, 30-300 restrains L
108Make supplementary catching agent and 20-150 gram foaming agent and make floating agent, and control pulp density 50-62%.
2, according to the described a kind of bastnaesite dressing process of claim 1, it is characterized in that: flotation operation adds hydroximic acid main catching agent 1.2-1.6 kilogram, supplementary catching agent L by per ton to the ore deposit
108100-150 gram, foaming agent 60-100 gram.
3, according to claim 1,2 described a kind of bastnaesite dressing process, it is characterized in that: the hydroximic acid main catching agent comprises bigcatkin willow hydroximic acid, bigcatkin willow hydroximic acid ammonium, bigcatkin willow hydroximic acid sodium and bigcatkin willow hydroximic acid potassium.
4, according to the described a kind of bastnaesite dressing process of claim 1, it is characterized in that: ore is sent into double-deck high frequency shale shaker and is made classification and sorting, select coarse grain gangue on the ground floor sieve greater than 1mm, second layer sieve is gone up ore in sand form and is milled to and accounts for 75% less than 0.15mm and send into table concentration, sub-elect the coarse grain bastnaesite concentrate, the chats that shaking table is selected is sent into the magnetic separator magnetic separation, grain bastnaesite concentrate in sub-electing, shaking table mine tailing and magnetic tailing are sent into 150 order vibratory sieves screenings, sieve on ore in sand form levigate to 75% less than behind 200 orders with sieve time mineral, double-deck high frequency sieve second layer sieve merges less than the fine mineral of 0.10mm down and carries out flotation.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB011267100A CN1164367C (en) | 2001-09-11 | 2001-09-11 | Bastnaesite dressing process |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB011267100A CN1164367C (en) | 2001-09-11 | 2001-09-11 | Bastnaesite dressing process |
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| CN1403203A CN1403203A (en) | 2003-03-19 |
| CN1164367C true CN1164367C (en) | 2004-09-01 |
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| CNB011267100A Expired - Fee Related CN1164367C (en) | 2001-09-11 | 2001-09-11 | Bastnaesite dressing process |
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| CN101444761B (en) * | 2009-01-04 | 2011-11-30 | 武汉工程大学 | A floatation separation method of hamartite misch metal mine containing high content mengite |
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| CN102500465B (en) * | 2011-11-22 | 2014-05-07 | 广州有色金属研究院 | Benefication method for bastnaesite |
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| CN110813522A (en) * | 2019-11-01 | 2020-02-21 | 四川江铜稀土有限责任公司 | Method for improving quality of flotation rare earth concentrate and mineral separation method of rare earth ore |
| CN112522528A (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2021-03-19 | 东北大学 | Dressing and smelting combined treatment method for comprehensively recovering rare earth and fluorine in bastnaesite |
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