Background
Manganese is an important alloy element for steel making, can greatly improve the hardness of steel, increase the strength of the steel and enhance the wear resistance of the steel, and has important significance for steel production.
At present, the mineral separation method of manganese ore mainly comprises several methods such as ore washing, screening, gravity separation, strong magnetic separation, flotation, pyrogenic enrichment, chemical mineral separation and the like. However, for some low-grade manganese ores, the existing ore dressing method is either technically infeasible or economically unreasonable, or both, so that the low-grade manganese ores cannot be effectively utilized, which causes serious waste of resources. For example: in the prior art, manganese oxide ore containing 10% -20% of manganese and 4% -5% of iron exists, the ore property is complex, the gangue minerals are various, valuable concentrate products cannot be obtained by adopting the existing ore dressing method, or the iron content in manganese concentrate exceeds the standard, or the ore dressing recovery rate is low, and the ore dressing method is unreasonable in economy, so the manganese oxide ore cannot be effectively utilized at present.
In the patent literature, there are several ore beneficiation methods for manganese ores:
(1) chinese patent application No. CN201811082639.3 discloses a flotation method of rhodochrosite, which comprises grinding ore to obtain fine ore; adding manganese sulfate into fine ores for size mixing, then adding a first inhibitor and a first oxide ore collecting agent, uniformly mixing, and performing flotation to obtain roughed tailings; adding a second oxide collecting agent into the roughed tailings, and scavenging for 2-5 times to obtain scavenged tailings and scavenged concentrate; returning the scavenging concentrate to the previous stage operation in sequence; adding manganese sulfate and a second inhibitor into the scavenged tailings, and concentrating for 2-5 times to obtain a foam product, namely calcium carbonate concentrate, and finally obtaining the product tailings, namely the rhodochrosite concentrate.
(2) The Chinese patent application with the application number of CN201810319982.9 discloses a carbon organic matter deposition type low-grade manganese ore flotation process, which comprises the steps of firstly utilizing an anionic fatty acid collecting agent and a foaming agent diethyl phthalate to carry out flotation decarbonization and dephosphorization, reducing the content of carbon organic matters in ore pulp, effectively reducing the using amount of the collecting agent, reducing the foam amount in the subsequent direct flotation process, improving the selectivity of flotation, avoiding the mechanical inclusion and the conveying difficulty of foam, enabling the flotation process to be easy to control and stable, and greatly reducing the beneficiation cost.
(3) Chinese patent application No. CN201810098653.6 discloses a method for separating manganese ore, which comprises the steps of performing primary grinding on raw manganese carbonate ore by using a rod mill, grinding the raw manganese carbonate ore to obtain uniform granularity, separating coarse and fine ore pulp by using a cyclone, performing ball milling on the coarse ore pulp by using a ball mill, desliming the fine ore pulp by using a slag separating screen, avoiding reduction of separation efficiency due to existence of sludge during magnetic separation, further desliming by using a weak magnetic separation system and a strong magnetic separation system, and finally obtaining fine manganese ore concentrate.
(4) Chinese patent application No. CN201310647216.2 discloses a dry separation method for manganese carbonate ore, which comprises feeding raw manganese carbonate ore into a crushing system for crushing, sieving the crushed ore by a double-layer dry sieving system, and according to the size of the sieve pores of the sieving system, respectively: entering a coarse fraction dry magnetic separation system for coarse fraction magnetic separation to obtain coarse fraction concentrate and middlings, and entering a fine fraction dry magnetic separation system for fine fraction magnetic separation to obtain fine fraction concentrate and tailings; the middlings are returned to the crushing system.
(5) The Chinese patent application with the application number of CN201010300557.9 discloses a beneficiation method of low-grade manganese carbonate ores, which adopts a coarse and fine grading coarse grain magnetic separation fine grain flotation recovery process, combines concentration and strong stirring measures, adopts a reasonable medicament system, and can obtain 18% of manganese magnetic concentrate and manganese flotation concentrate with the grade of 26% step by step, thereby realizing that the comprehensive recovery rate of 8% of low-grade manganese carbonate ores reaches more than 80%.
(6) The Chinese patent application with the application number of CN201810757510.1 discloses a weathered low-grade refractory manganese ore separation process, which comprises the steps of firstly removing fine-grained particles in raw ores, controlling the granularity of the selected ores through pre-screening, and adopting a photoelectric waste polishing machine to carry out pre-waste-throwing and rough-separating on the ores so as to play a role of pre-enriching concentrates and reduce the treatment capacity of subsequent processes.
In the prior art, the beneficiation method of manganese ore at least has the following technical problems:
(1) several ore dressing methods for manganese ores disclosed in the above patent documents mainly aim at a method for sorting manganese carbonate ores, and do not relate to a method for sorting manganese oxide ores, but the ore properties of manganese carbonate ores and manganese oxide ores are different, and the method for sorting manganese carbonate ores is difficult to be used for sorting manganese oxide ores.
(2) In the prior art, manganese ores are required to be ground and then sorted during the flotation of the manganese ores, powdery manganese concentrates are obtained, massive manganese concentrates cannot be obtained, and the powdery manganese concentrates are lower in value than the massive manganese concentrates, so that the application range of the existing manganese ore beneficiation method is limited.
(3) In the prior art, most of manganese carbonate ore flotation methods are limited to laboratory research at present, and have the defects of complex process flow, poor flow adaptability, high production cost and the like, so that industrial production and application are not actually obtained. Some manganese ore dressing plants adopting the flotation process also adopt other methods such as gravity separation, magnetic separation and the like.
(4) In the prior art, the beneficiation reagent in the manganese ore flotation process often causes pollution to the surrounding environment.
(5) In the prior art, for iron-containing manganese oxide ores, the separation of manganese and iron cannot be realized by a magnetic separation method, so that the iron impurities in manganese concentrate exceed the standard, the quality of the manganese concentrate is reduced, and even the manganese concentrate can not be sold.
(6) In the prior art, the photoelectric tail throwing, jigging and table shaking processes need two sections of photoelectric tail throwing in advance, three sections of crushing of coarse crushing, fine crushing and ultrafine crushing, multi-section screening and grading, separation into a plurality of grain fractions, tailings need to be concentrated, and the process flow is very complex.
(7) In the prior art, manganese ores often contain a large amount of extremely low-grade slime, and need to be washed and deslimed in advance, but several ore dressing methods for manganese ores disclosed in the patent documents carry out desliming after ore grinding, and do not carry out desliming operation in advance before ore grinding. The secondary slime generated by ore grinding can increase the loss of manganese in the concentrate, and the method of slag separation screening, low-intensity magnetic separation and high-intensity magnetic separation is adopted for desliming, so that the process flow is complex.
(8) In the prior art, the types of manganese ores are various, even in the same mine, the manganese ores can also be various, and the process adaptability is poor because all the manganese ores are difficult to be applied by only one separation method.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides the beneficiation method for obtaining the blocky manganese concentrate, which can obtain the blocky manganese concentrate with high value, not only improves the grade and the manganese recovery rate of the manganese concentrate and improves the beneficiation efficiency, but also has the advantages of environmental protection, no pollution, simple process flow, convenient operation and management, low production cost and suitability for industrial production.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a beneficiation method for obtaining lumpy manganese ore concentrate, which is used for beneficiation of manganese oxide ore containing 10% -20% of manganese and 4% -5% of iron, can comprise the following steps:
step 1, feeding the raw ore of manganese oxide ore into a crusher for crushing, so that the particle size of a crushed product is not more than 40 mm;
step 2, sending the crushed product into a groove type ore washer for ore washing to obtain ore mud and coarse-grained ore;
step 3, feeding the coarse-grained ore into a vibrating screen for screening to obtain powdery tailings and lump ore;
and 4, sorting the lump ores by adopting an ore color sorter to obtain lump manganese concentrates and lump tailings.
According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the ore dressing method for obtaining the blocky manganese concentrate provided by the invention adopts crushing to replace ore grinding in the existing manganese ore dressing method, so that the secondary slime yield is reduced, the loss of manganese is reduced, and meanwhile, favorable conditions are created for producing the blocky manganese concentrate with high value; according to the invention, the crushed product is washed and then screened, so that the selection grade of the selected ore is improved, and favorable conditions are created for color selection; the invention provides a color sorting method of manganese ore for the first time, which realizes the separation of manganese ore and gangue minerals according to the color difference of the ore, thereby improving the quality of manganese concentrate and the recovery rate of manganese; the invention does not adopt a beneficiation reagent, can recycle beneficiation wastewater without treatment after clarification, has no pollution to the surrounding environment, and saves water consumption. The method can obtain high-value blocky manganese concentrate, improves the grade and the manganese recovery rate of the manganese concentrate, improves the ore dressing efficiency, is environment-friendly and pollution-free, has simple process flow, convenient operation and management and low production cost, and is suitable for industrial production.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The beneficiation method for obtaining the lumpy manganese concentrate according to the present invention will be described in detail below. Details which are not described in detail in the embodiments of the invention belong to the prior art which is known to the person skilled in the art.
As shown in fig. 1, a beneficiation method for obtaining bulk manganese concentrate for beneficiation of manganese oxide ore containing 10% to 20% of manganese and 4% to 5% of iron may include the following steps:
step 1, feeding the raw ore of manganese oxide ore into a crusher for one-section crushing or multi-section crushing, so that the particle size of a crushed product is not more than 40 mm.
And 2, feeding the crushed product into a groove type ore washer for ore washing to obtain slime with the granularity of less than 0.5mm and coarse-grained ore with the granularity of 0.5-40 mm. The slime can be transported to a tailing pond through a tailing pipe.
And 3, conveying the coarse-grained ore into a vibrating screen by using a belt conveyor for screening to obtain powdery tailings with the granularity of less than 8mm and lump ore with the granularity of 8-40 mm. The powdery tailings can be directly stockpiled.
And 4, conveying the lump ore to a storage bin for storing materials sorted by an ore color sorter by using a belt conveyor, conveying the lump ore to the ore color sorter for sorting by using a feeding machine from the storage bin, and separating manganese from gangue according to ore color difference to obtain lump manganese concentrate and lump tailings. The blocky manganese concentrate is used as a final manganese concentrate; the slime, the powder tailings and the blocky tailings are used as final tailings.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficiation method for obtaining the blocky manganese concentrate provided by the invention at least has the following advantages:
(1) the invention adopts one-section crushing to replace multi-section crushing and ore grinding in the prior art, thereby greatly reducing ore argillization, avoiding secondary slime generated by ore grinding and reducing the loss of manganese.
(2) The invention does not need to grind, thereby obtaining high-value blocky manganese concentrates and having wider application range.
(3) The invention adopts the groove type ore washer to wash the ore, has good ore washing effect and large treatment capacity, and is suitable for washing the coarse-grained ore.
(4) The invention adopts the color separation process, and the ore with large color difference between the manganese ore and the gangue ore is separated by virtue of the color difference between the manganese ore and the gangue ore, so that the process flow is simple, and the production cost is low.
(5) The invention adopts the color separation process, realizes the separation of manganese and iron, reduces the iron content in the manganese concentrate and improves the quality of the manganese concentrate.
(6) The invention does not adopt any medicament and has no pollution to the surrounding environment.
In conclusion, the embodiment of the invention can obtain high-value blocky manganese concentrate, not only improves the grade and the manganese recovery rate of the manganese concentrate and the beneficiation efficiency, but also has the advantages of environmental protection, no pollution, simple process flow, convenient operation and management, low production cost and suitability for industrial production.
In order to more clearly show the technical scheme and the technical effects provided by the present invention, the following describes in detail a beneficiation method for obtaining bulk manganese concentrates provided by an embodiment of the present invention with specific embodiments.
Example 1
Taking manganese oxide ore in certain places of western africa as an example, the raw ore of the manganese oxide ore contains 10-20% of manganese and 4-5% of iron, manganese is mainly manganite, iron is mainly hematite and limonite, and the manganese ore has a coarser granularity.
The beneficiation method for obtaining the blocky manganese concentrate provided by the invention is used for treating the manganese oxide ores, and the beneficiation method for obtaining the blocky manganese concentrate can comprise the following steps:
step 1, feeding the raw ore of the manganese oxide ore into a jaw crusher by a loader for crushing, so that the particle size of a crushed product is not more than 40 mm.
And 2, feeding the crushed product into a groove type ore washer for ore washing to obtain ore mud with the granularity of-0.074 mm accounting for more than 90% and coarse-grained ore with the granularity of 0.074 mm-40 mm. And the slime is conveyed to a tailing pond through a tailing pipe, naturally settles in the tailing pond, and the clarified water returns to the ore washing process.
Step 3, adopting 1 to the coarse-grained ore#And (3) feeding the belt conveyor into a double-layer vibrating screen for screening, wherein the size of the upper-layer screen hole is 25mm, and the size of the lower-layer screen hole is 8mm, so as to obtain powdery tailings with the granularity of less than 8mm and lump ores with the granularity of 8 mm-40 mm. The powdery tailings can be directly stockpiled.
Step 4, adopting the lump ore with large chromatic aberration firstly 2#And conveying the lump ore to a storage bin for storing materials sorted by an ore color sorter, conveying the lump ore to 2 ore color sorters from the storage bin through an electric vibration feeder for sorting, separating red ore and brown ore in the ore according to colors, separating manganese from gangue, and obtaining lump tailings and lump manganese concentrate with the manganese grade not lower than 34-36%. The blocky manganese concentrate is used as final manganese concentrate and can be loaded and transportedSelling to a port; the slime, the powder tailings and the blocky tailings are used as final tailings.
Example 2
Taking manganese oxide ore in some places of Indonesia as an example, the raw ore of the manganese oxide ore contains 15-25% of manganese and 2-8% of iron, the manganese is mainly pyrolusite, the iron is mainly hematite, and the manganese ore has a relatively large particle size.
The beneficiation method for obtaining the blocky manganese concentrate provided by the invention is used for treating the manganese oxide ores, and the beneficiation method for obtaining the blocky manganese concentrate can comprise the following steps:
step 1, feeding the raw ore of the manganese oxide ore into a jaw crusher by a loader for crushing, so that the particle size of a crushed product is not more than 40 mm.
And 2, feeding the crushed product into a groove type ore washer for ore washing to obtain ore mud with the granularity of-0.074 mm accounting for more than 90% and coarse-grained ore with the granularity of 0.074 mm-40 mm. The sludge is directly discarded.
And 3, screening the coarse-grained ore by adopting a standard sieve to obtain powdery tailings with the granularity of less than 8mm and lump ore with the granularity of 8-40 mm. The powdery tailings can be directly stockpiled.
And 4, sorting the lump ore by using an ore color sorter, separating red ore and brown ore in the ore according to colors, and separating manganese from gangue to obtain lump tailings and lump manganese concentrate with the manganese grade of 35-36%. The blocky manganese concentrate is used as a final manganese concentrate; the slime, the powder tailings and the blocky tailings are used as final tailings.
In conclusion, the embodiment of the invention can obtain high-value blocky manganese concentrate, not only improves the grade and the manganese recovery rate of the manganese concentrate and the beneficiation efficiency, but also has the advantages of environmental protection, no pollution, simple process flow, convenient operation and management, low production cost and suitability for industrial production.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.