CN106733146B - Method for recovering rare earth minerals from rare earth tailings with heavy fine iron mud content - Google Patents
Method for recovering rare earth minerals from rare earth tailings with heavy fine iron mud content Download PDFInfo
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- CN106733146B CN106733146B CN201710008915.0A CN201710008915A CN106733146B CN 106733146 B CN106733146 B CN 106733146B CN 201710008915 A CN201710008915 A CN 201710008915A CN 106733146 B CN106733146 B CN 106733146B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
- B03B9/06—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for refuse
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/52—Mechanical processing of waste for the recovery of materials, e.g. crushing, shredding, separation or disassembly
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for recovering rare earth minerals from rare earth tailings with heavy fine iron mud content, which solves the problems that fluorocarbon cerium type rare earth ores with high iron content, heavy mud content and uneven rare earth mineral particle size distribution are easy to over-grind, iron and mud influence the grade and recovery rate of rare earth concentrates, and the beneficiation cost is high. The specific process comprises the steps of grinding the rare earth tailings to-0.25 mm after pre-screening and grading (d =0.25 mm), combining the ground rare earth tailings with products of-0.25 mm after pre-grading, grading the products by a secondary cyclone (d =0.038 mm), recovering coarse rare earth ores by a high-gradient magnetic separation and shaking table gravity separation combined process of bar media of 0.25 mm-0.038 mm products, performing high-gradient magnetic separation on 1.5mm mesh media of the products of less than 0.038mm, grinding the gravity tailings again to-200 meshes accounting for 75 percent, and combining the magnetic separation concentrates of less than 0.038mm for flotation and recovery of the rare earth ores. The method is suitable for mineral separation production of the fluorine carbon cerium type rare earth ore with high iron content, heavy mud content and uneven particle size distribution of rare earth minerals.
Description
Technical field:
The fluorine carbon cerium type Rare Earth Mine tailing of the present invention and, cement content weight high from iron content, rare-earth mineral size distribution unevenness
The method of middle recovering rare earth mine is related, is particularly suitable for the raw ore recycling fluorine carbon cerium type Rare Earth Mine of the type.
Background technique:
China's fluorine carbon cerium type rare earth ore production technology mainly has (corase grinding)-single gravity concentration technique fine crushing, fine crushing (thick at present
Mill)-gravity treatment-dry type magnetic separation process integration, ore fine grinding flotation-high-gradient magnetic separation process integration, raw ore corase grinding-classification-
Coarse fraction high intensity magnetic separation-high intensity magnetic mineral merges joint flotation technology, ore fine grinding-low intensity magnetic separation recycling iron ore with fine fraction after regrinding
The strong magnetic recovering rare earth mineral-high intensity magnetic mineral of object-regrinds heating joint flotation technology；About recovering rare earth mineral in rare-earth tailing
Research it is also more, but all lay particular emphasis on flotation and the research and development of floating agent, it is difficult to solve fluorine carbon cerium type Rare Earth Mine in grinding process
Present in overground phenomenon and -0.038mm grade bastnaesite recycling problem, and production cost is higher, it is difficult to produce
Middle realization.
Sichuan Province's rare earth resources amount occupies the whole nation second, but from last century late nineteen eighties to this century previous decade totally two ten
Between many years, Sichuan Rare Earth exploitation unauthorized and excessive mining adopts that rich to abandon the unordered operation phenomenons such as poor, family workshop type, production technology be original tight
Weight, tailing barren rock huddles everywhere to be left about, and is blocked stream, is caused great environmental pollution.Due to valuable component grain in rare-earth tailing
Degree there is no that preferable, cost is relatively low, process the type rare earth of realization easy to produce compared with thin, association relationship is complex altogether
Tailing.
Summary of the invention:
The object of the present invention is to provide one kind to be suitable for from valuable component granularity compared with thin, the total more complicated rare earth of association relationship
Mining tailing rare earth ore concentrate, at low cost, rare earth ore concentrate TREO grade is high, the rare earth of the high particulate iron cement content weight of rare earth yield
The method of mining tailing rare-earth mineral.
The present invention is implemented as follows:
From the method for the rare-earth tailing recovering rare earth mineral of particulate iron cement content weight, rare-earth tailing is sieved through vibrating screen first
Classification, particle greater than 0.25mm enter the first grinding machine and be milled to less than 0.25mm, and is less than with vibrating screen sieve classification
0.25mm particle, which merges, is sent into cyclone classification, enters First Series electromagnetism wet process greater than 0.038mm grade particle and is mostly used cydariform
Magnetic separator carries out low intensity magnetic separation, and selecting magnetic mineral product is strongly magnetic mineral 1, and First Series electromagnetism wet process is mostly used cydariform magnetic separator
Underflow is magnetic weaker product, is pumped into First Series high gradient magnetic separator with sand pump, and medium is the rodlike magnetic medium of 2.5mm, the
A series of high gradient magnetic separators 3 series connection, form First roughing, second and third magnetic dressing process scanned, and roughing and two sections are swept
Magnetic product is selected to be combined into the first concentrator, the first concentrator overflow water returns to the first grinding machine as water supplement, and first is dense
Machine underflow gravity flow enters table concentration operation, shaking table totally three, forms roughing respectively of connecting, scans, is selected, table concentration product
For the first rare earth ore concentrate, enter concentrate pool stockpiling, shaking table scans, cleaner tailings with the first sand pump is pumped into the second concentrator, and second is dense
Close machine overflow returns to shaking table roughing operation as water supplement, and the second thickener underflow is pumped into the second grinding machine with the second sand pump and carries out two
Section ore grinding, the second grinding machine overflow are classified with spiral classifier, and spiral classifier sand return returns to the second grinding machine, spiral classifier
Overflow gravity flow enters flotation operation, and the tailing that First Series high gradient magnetic separator second is scanned is the first tailing of non magnetic ore 1,
First tailing 1 enters tailing pit stockpiling；
It is weak into the multi-purpose cydariform magnetic separator progress of the second electromagnetism wet process that cyclone classification overflow is less than 0.038mm grade particle
Magnetic separation, magnetic mineral product are strongly magnetic mineral 2, and it is magnetic weaker production that the second electromagnetism wet process, which is mostly used the underflow of cydariform magnetic separator,
Product are pumped into second series high-gradient magnetic separation machine operation with sand pump, and second series high gradient magnetic separator 3 series connection form First
Roughing, second and third magnetic dressing process scanned, medium are the netted magnetic medium of 1.5mm, roughing and scan magnetic product and are combined into
Third concentrator, non magnetic ore are the second tailing 2, and third concentrator overflow water returns to the second grinding machine, third as water supplement
Thickener underflow gravity flow enters flotation operation, and floatation equipment is agitation impeller flotator, and slot forms series connection by pipeline and closes
Road forms flotation, roughing, and first is selected, first scans, and the second refining process, second are scanned, the second the second rare earth chosen
Concentrate enters concentrate pool stockpiling, and the second third tailing scanned out enters tailing pit stockpiling.
Sichuan Provincial Geological Prospecting Bureau Chengdu integrates rock and mineral testing central tissue related scientific research personnel, with Sichuan Province, continent, Dechang County
Slot rare-earth tailing is research object, investigation on the spot and adequately ore texture, valuable mineral and gangue mineral kind at the scene
Class and occurrence status, valuable mineral and gangue mineral content, valuable mineral and gangue mineral are total to association relationship and inlay relationship, have
With partitioning rule, the useful mine of mineral and gangue mineral size distribution, valuable component and impurity during beneficiation enrichment
Object and gangue mineral on the basis of the process mineralogies such as monomer dissociation degree property research achievement under the conditions of different granularities, into
Having gone high-speed rail, weight mud, particulate, fluorite and barite is total to association rare-earth tailing laboratory mineral resources comprehensive utilization technical research, shape
At pre-classification-coarse and fine separation-gradation grade it is selected-encryption medium high-gradient magnetic separation-magnetic, again, that floating process integration handles this is dilute
Native tailing, and succeed.Currently, the present invention, which has been subjected to 60Kg/h, expands continuity test inspection, the stabilization of technique is demonstrated
Property, continuity and reliability.Present invention is generally directed to iron content height, cement content weight, granularities relatively carefully, fluorite and barite is total to association
Rare-earth tailing, each process means of the present invention are more conventional, easily realize in the industrial production, returned using magnetic separation-gravity treatment process integration
It receives coarse fraction bastnaesite and classification-encryption medium high-gradient magnetic separation-joint flotation technology recycles particulate bastnaesite, with tradition
Technique, which is compared, reduces processing cost.The present invention is high based on iron content is solved, and cement content weight, granularity is thinner, and fluorite, weight are brilliant
Stone, celestine are total to the problem that particulate fluorine carbon cerium type rare-earth ore ore-dressing recycles in the bastnaesite type rare-earth tailing of association, are produced into
This is lower, and middle realization easy to produce.
The features and advantages of the invention are as follows:
1, grinding process: relatively thin and easily overground in view of the type Fluorine in Ores carbon cerium ore particle degree, the technique is using preparatory point
The grinding grading technique that grade, thickness are rejoined one's unit, preparation of sized raw coal, coarse fraction are regrinded；
2, coarse and fine separation-encryption medium magnetic separation process carries out bastnaesite preconcentration and throws tail: using high-gradient magnetic separation work
Skill carry out preconcentration, 1.+0.038mm grade use stick medium, process be one section of roughing, three sections scan, roughing scavenger concentrate
Merge coarse fraction magnetic separation rare earth ore concentrate；2. -0.038mm mesh grade uses net dielectric film filter microfine bastnaesite, process one
Section roughing, three sections scan；
3, magnetic separation-gravity treatment process integration recycles coarse fraction Rare Earth Mine: coarse fraction magnetic separation rare earth ore concentrate is returned using table concentration
Receive coarse fraction bastnaesite, process be one section of roughing, two sections scan, two sections choose TREO content up to 60% or more rare earth ore concentrate,
The coarse fraction rare earth ore concentrate rate of recovery is 45% or more；
4, magnetic separation-gravity treatment-joint flotation technology recycles fine fraction Rare Earth Mine: shaking table tailing, which is regrinded to -0.074mm, accounts for 75%
And merge with -0.038mm grade magnetic separation product and carry out flotation, using sodium carbonate as sludge dispersing agent, water glass in floatation process
Glass, aluminum sulfate, starch and tannin extract iron-bearing mineral, silicate mineral, fluorite, barite, celestine selective depressant, with bigcatkin willow
Hydroximic acid is as collecting agent flotation for recovery of fine bastnaesite, flotation concentrate TREO grade 50% or so；
5, the combination through each process in above-mentioned technique, so that fluorite, barite, the celestine of particulate, high-speed rail, weight mud
Rare earth ore concentrate TREO grade is up to 55% or more in the rare-earth tailing of association type altogether, and rare earth yield is up to 60% or more.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is process flow chart of the invention.
Specific embodiment:
By taking the big syneclise rare-earth tailing in Liangshan State of Sichuan Province Dechang County as an example, the multinomial analysis of the sample chemical is shown in Table 1, the sample
Screen analysis the results are shown in Table 2.
Sample rare-earth mineral identification is as follows:
(1) -1+0.45mm grade: bastnaesite: it is fragmentary to spread, see monomer, sees the intergrowth with carbonate mineral composition,
See the intergrowth with feldspar, quartz composition, sees the intergrowth with barite or celestine composition, see the adhesion with fluorite composition
Body；
(2) -0.45+0.25mm grade: bastnaesite: the company with carbonate mineral composition is shown in fragmentary distribution, mostly monomer
Raw body is shown in the intergrowth with feldspar, quartz composition, sees the intergrowth with barite or celestine composition, sees and fluorite composition
Intergrowth；
(3) -0.25+0.15mm grade: bastnaesite: the company with carbonate mineral composition is shown in fragmentary distribution, mostly monomer
Raw body is shown in the intergrowth with feldspar, quartz composition, sees the intergrowth with barite or celestine composition, sees and fluorite composition
Intergrowth；
(4) -0.15+0.074mm grade: bastnaesite: fragmentary to spread, mostly monomer, see on a small quantity with carbonate mineral group
At intergrowth, it is accidental with barite or intergrowth that celestine forms；
(5) -0.074+0.043mm grade: bastnaesite: fragmentary to spread, mostly monomer, see on a small quantity with carbonate mineral group
At intergrowth；
(6) -0.043+0.038mm grade: bastnaesite: fragmentary to spread, mostly monomer, see individually with carbonate mineral group
At intergrowth；
(7) -0.038mm grade: bastnaesite: fragmentary to spread, the overwhelming majority is monomer, see individually with carbonate mineral group
At intergrowth.
Above-mentioned ore properties research shows that:
(1) the rare-earth tailing sample granularity is thinner, and bulk sample is smaller than 1mm；
(2) iron content is relatively high in sample, and hematite-limonite form exists substantially；
(3) valuable mineral bastnaesite is distributed more uniformly in each grade, shows that bastnaesite thickness is not in the sample
?；
(4) -0.038mm grade accounts for 22.98% in the sample, and -0.074mm grade accounts for 33.86%, shows that mud contains in the sample
It measures heavier.
The rare-earth tailing sample obtains ore-dressing technique index using following process flows and is shown in Table 3:
Process flow is as follows:
(1) it is fed:
Equipment is 35 liters of pendulum feeders, and pan feeding is the big syneclise rare-earth tailing in Liangshan State of Sichuan Province Dechang County, and feeding coal is
60Kg/ hours；
(2) sieve classification, primary grinding:
1. equipment is triple unit vibration screen (Φ 600), sieve specification is 0.25mm；
2. being greater than 0.25mm gravity flow on sieve enters the continuous rod mill of XMBL-77 type overflow-type, 3/4 vertical sand of grinding machine overflow
It is closed circuit to form first segment grind grading that pump (XBSL-3/4) is pumped into triple unit vibration screen (Φ 600)；
Secondary grading is carried out 3. being less than 0.25mm under sieve and being pumped into cyclone from inflow 3/4 vertical sand pump (XBSL-3/4)；
(3) secondary grading (cyclone classification), low intensity magnetic separation:
1. equipment is 500 cyclone of Φ, secondary grading underflow (being greater than 0.038mm grade product) gravity flow enters XCRS- φ
400 × 240 type electromagnetism wet processes are mostly used cydariform magnetic separator (magnetic field strength 0.16T) and carry out low intensity magnetic separation, and magnetic mineral product is strong
Magnetic mineral 1, electromagnetism wet process are mostly used cydariform magnetic separator underflow (magnetic weaker product) and are pumped with 3/4 vertical sand pump (XBSL-3/4)
Enter high-gradient magnetic separation operation；
2. secondary grading overflow (being less than 0.038mm grade product) gravity flow enters 400 × 240 type electromagnetism wet process of XCRS- φ
Multi-purpose cydariform magnetic separator (magnetic field strength 0.16T) carries out low intensity magnetic separation, and magnetic mineral product is strongly magnetic mineral 2, electromagnetism wet process
Multi-purpose cydariform magnetic separator underflow (magnetic weaker product) is pumped into high-gradient magnetic separation operation with 3/4 vertical sand pump (XBSL-3/4)；
(4) high-gradient magnetic separation:
1. secondary grading is greater than the weaker product high-gradient magnetic separation apparatus of magnetism of the 0.038mm sample after weak magnetic
Slon-500-1.3T vertical ring high-gradient magnetic separator (3 series connection, form one section of roughing, two sections of magnetic dressing process scanned), medium is
The rodlike magnetic medium of 2.5mm, stroke 15mm, pulse are 250 times/min, and change speed is 2.0 turns/min, roughing and scan magnetism
Product is combined into NSL-66 type concentrator, and concentrator overflow returns to primary grinding operation, and thickener underflow gravity flow enters shaking table
Reselection operation；High-gradient magnetic separation scans 2 tailings (non magnetic ore, tailing 1) as true tailings gravity flow and enters tailing pit stockpiling；
2. secondary grading is less than the weaker product high-gradient magnetic separation apparatus of magnetism of the 0.038mm sample after weak magnetic
Slon-500-1.3T vertical ring high-gradient magnetic separator (3 series connection, form one section of roughing, two sections of magnetic dressing process scanned), medium is
The netted magnetic medium of 1.5mm, stroke 15mm, pulse are 200 times/min, and change speed is 2.0 turns/min, roughing and scan magnetism
Product is combined into NSL-66 type concentrator, and concentrator overflow returns to primary grinding operation, and thickener underflow gravity flow enters flotation
Operation；
(5) table concentration operation:
Table concentration equipment is the aluminium alloy shaking table of LY-2100 × 1050, totally three, forms series connection, table concentrate flows into certainly
Concentrate pool stockpiling, shaking table tailing are pumped into NSL-66 type concentrator with 3/4 vertical sand pump (XBSL-3/4), and concentrator overflow return is shaken
As water supplement, thickener underflow is pumped into rod mill with 3/4 vertical sand pump (XBSL-3/4) and carries out secondary grinding bed reselection operation；
(6) secondary grinding:
Equipment uses the continuous rod mill of XMBL-77 type overflow-type, and grinding machine overflow is divided with 150 × 1200 spiral classifiers
Grade, grader sand return return to secondary grinding, and classifier overflow gravity flow enters flotation operation；
(7) flotation operation:
Floatation equipment is FX2-12 type agitation impeller flotator, totally 14 slot, closed circuit by pipeline formation series connection, selected,
It scans chats to return by pipeline sequence, selected 2 concentrate gravity flow enters concentrate pool and stores up, and scans the gravity flow of 2 tailings and enters tailing pit
Stockpiling.
Claims (1)
1. the method for the rare-earth tailing recovering rare earth mineral from particulate iron cement content weight, it is characterised in that contain from particulate iron content, mud
The method for measuring the rare-earth tailing recovering rare earth mineral of weight, of the rare-earth tailing first through vibrating screen sieve classification, greater than 0.25mm
Grain enters the first grinding machine and is milled to less than 0.25mm, and merges feeding cyclone with the 0.25mm particle that is less than of vibrating screen sieve classification
Classification is greater than 0.038mm grade particle and enters the multi-purpose cydariform magnetic separator progress low intensity magnetic separation of the first electromagnetism wet process, selects magnetic mineral
Product is the first strongly magnetic mineral, and it is magnetic weaker product that the first electromagnetism wet process, which is mostly used the underflow of cydariform magnetic separator, is pumped with sand pump
Enter the first high gradient magnetic separator, medium is the rodlike magnetic medium of 2.5mm, and it is thick to form first for the series connection of the first high gradient magnetic separator 3
Choosing, the first and second magnetic dressing process scanned, roughing and two sections scan magnetic product and are combined into the first concentrator, the first concentrator
Overflow returns to the first grinding machine, and the gravity flow of the first thickener underflow enters table concentration operation, shaking table totally three, it is thick respectively to form series connection
It selects, scan, is selected, table concentration product is the first rare earth ore concentrate, enters concentrate pool stockpiling, and shaking table scans, cleaner tailings is with first
Sand pump is pumped into the second concentrator, and the second concentrator overflow returns to shaking table roughing operation as water supplement, and the second thickener underflow is used
Second sand pump is pumped into the second grinding machine and carries out secondary grinding, and the second grinding machine overflow is classified with spiral classifier, spiral classifier
Sand return returns to the second grinding machine, and spiral classifier overflow gravity flow enters flotation operation, the tail that the first high gradient magnetic separator second is scanned
Mine is the first tailing of non magnetic ore 1, and the first tailing 1 enters tailing pit stockpiling；
Cyclone classification overflow is less than 0.038mm grade particle and enters the multi-purpose cydariform magnetic separator progress weak magnetic of the second electromagnetism wet process
Choosing, magnetic mineral product are strongly magnetic mineral 2, and it is magnetic weaker product that the second electromagnetism wet process, which is mostly used the underflow of cydariform magnetic separator,
The second high-gradient magnetic separation machine operation is pumped into sand pump, and the series connection of the second high gradient magnetic separator 3 forms that the second roughing, third and fourth sweeps
The magnetic dressing process of choosing, medium are the netted magnetic medium of 1.5mm, roughing and scan magnetic product and are combined into third concentrator, non-magnetic
Property mineral be the second tailing 2, third concentrator overflow water as water supplement return the second grinding machine, third thickener underflow oneself flow into
Entering flotation operation, floatation equipment is agitation impeller flotator, and slot forms closed circuit, formation roughing flotation of connecting by pipeline,
First is selected, first scans, and the second refining process, second are scanned, and the second the second rare earth ore concentrate chosen enters concentrate pool heap
It deposits, the second third tailing scanned out enters tailing pit stockpiling.
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| CN107029872B (en) * | 2017-06-21 | 2019-09-10 | 北京矿冶研究总院 | Coarse grain tailing discarding beneficiation method for low-grade uranium-containing rare earth polymetallic ore |
| CN110639688B (en) * | 2019-10-14 | 2021-08-10 | 广东省资源综合利用研究所 | Beneficiation and pre-enrichment method for weathered calcite carbonate type rare earth ore |
| CN110624685B (en) * | 2019-10-14 | 2021-04-20 | 广东省资源综合利用研究所 | Method for intensively recovering valuable components from rare earth tailings |
| CN110639689B (en) * | 2019-10-14 | 2021-05-25 | 广东省资源综合利用研究所 | Beneficiation method for comprehensively recovering rare earth, strontium and molybdenum from rare earth tailings |
| CN112495573B (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2022-05-10 | 安徽马钢张庄矿业有限责任公司 | Method for high-value utilization of common high-silicon iron concentrate |
| CN114682374B (en) * | 2022-04-01 | 2023-10-27 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Method for preselecting ilmenite from titanium tailings of vanadium titano-magnetite |
| CN114713508B (en) * | 2022-04-06 | 2023-06-30 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Method for improving TFe grade of vanadium-containing iron concentrate |
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| RU2201289C2 (en) * | 2000-09-14 | 2003-03-27 | Урванцев Анатолий Иванович | Method of concentration of ores of rare-earth and noble metals |
| CN1164367C (en) * | 2001-09-11 | 2004-09-01 | 上海第二工业大学 | Bastnaesite dressing process |
| CN102500465B (en) * | 2011-11-22 | 2014-05-07 | 广州有色金属研究院 | Benefication method for bastnaesite |
| CN103962232B (en) * | 2014-05-08 | 2016-06-08 | 广东省工业技术研究院(广州有色金属研究院) | A kind of beneficiation method of Rare Earth Mine |
| CN104607312B (en) * | 2015-01-16 | 2017-04-26 | 乐山盛和稀土股份有限公司 | Bastnaesite beneficiation process |
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