CN106733146A - Method for recovering rare earth minerals from rare earth tailings with heavy fine iron mud content - Google Patents
Method for recovering rare earth minerals from rare earth tailings with heavy fine iron mud content Download PDFInfo
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- CN106733146A CN106733146A CN201710008915.0A CN201710008915A CN106733146A CN 106733146 A CN106733146 A CN 106733146A CN 201710008915 A CN201710008915 A CN 201710008915A CN 106733146 A CN106733146 A CN 106733146A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
- B03B9/06—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for refuse
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/52—Mechanical processing of waste for the recovery of materials, e.g. crushing, shredding, separation or disassembly
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for recovering rare earth minerals from rare earth tailings with heavy fine iron mud content, which solves the problems that fluorocarbon cerium type rare earth ores with high iron content, heavy mud content and uneven rare earth mineral particle size distribution are easy to over-grind, iron and mud influence the grade and recovery rate of rare earth concentrates, and the beneficiation cost is high. The specific process comprises the steps of grinding the rare earth tailings to-0.25 mm after pre-screening and grading (d =0.25 mm), combining the ground rare earth tailings with products of-0.25 mm after pre-grading, grading the products by a secondary cyclone (d =0.038 mm), recovering coarse rare earth ores by a high-gradient magnetic separation and shaking table gravity separation combined process of bar media of 0.25 mm-0.038 mm products, performing high-gradient magnetic separation on 1.5mm mesh media of the products of less than 0.038mm, grinding the gravity tailings again to-200 meshes accounting for 75 percent, and combining the magnetic separation concentrates of less than 0.038mm for flotation and recovery of the rare earth ores. The method is suitable for mineral separation production of the fluorine carbon cerium type rare earth ore with high iron content, heavy mud content and uneven particle size distribution of rare earth minerals.
Description
Technical field:
Returned in the present invention and fluorine carbon cerium type Rare Earth Mine mine tailing high from iron content, cement content is heavy, rare-earth mineral size distribution is uneven
The method for receiving Rare Earth Mine is relevant, and the raw ore for being particularly suited for the type reclaims fluorine carbon cerium type Rare Earth Mine.
Background technology:
Current China fluorine carbon cerium type rare earth ore production technology mainly has in small, broken bits(Corase grind)It is-single gravity concentration technique, in small, broken bits(Corase grind)—
Gravity treatment-dry type magnetic separation process integration, ore fine grinding flotation-high-gradient magnetic separation process integration, raw ore corase grind-classification-coarse grain
Level high intensity magnetic separation-high intensity magnetic mineral merges with fine fraction after regrinding joint flotation technology, ore fine grinding-low intensity magnetic separation recovery iron mineral-
Strong magnetic recovering rare earth mineral-high intensity magnetic mineral is regrinded heating joint flotation technology;Ground on recovering rare earth mineral in rare-earth tailing
Study carefully also more, but all lay particular emphasis on flotation and the research and development of floating agent, it is difficult to solve fluorine carbon cerium type Rare Earth Mine and deposited in grinding process
Overground phenomenon and -0.038mm grades in the problem that reclaims of bastnaesite, and production cost is higher, it is difficult to real aborning
It is existing.
Sichuan Province's rare earth resources amount occupies the whole nation second, but from last century late nineteen eighties to this century previous decade totally two ten
Between for many years, Sichuan Rare Earth exploitation unauthorized and excessive mining, adopting richness, to abandon poor, family workshop type, the production technology unordered operation phenomenon such as original tight
Weight, mine tailing barren rock huddles leave about everywhere, blocks stream, causes great environmental pollution.Due to valuable component grain in rare-earth tailing
Degree compared with it is thin, altogether association relationship it is complex, there is no preferably, PROCESS FOR TREATMENT the type rare earth that cost is relatively low, easy production is realized
Mine tailing.
The content of the invention:
It is suitable to from the valuable component granularity rare-earth tailing complex compared with thin, common association relationship it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of
Recovering rare earth concentrate, low cost, rare earth ore concentrate TREO grades are high, the rare-earth tailing of rare earth yield particulate iron cement content weight high
The method of recovering rare earth mineral.
What the present invention was realized in:
From the method for the rare-earth tailing recovering rare earth mineral of particulate iron cement content weight, rare-earth tailing is first through vibratory sieve screening point
Level, the particle more than 0.25mm is milled to less than 0.25mm into the first grinding machine, and with vibratory sieve sieve classification less than 0.25mm
Particle merges feeding the first spiral classifier classification, and the First Series multiplex drum of electromagnetism wet method is entered more than 0.038mm grades particle
Shape magnetic separator carries out low intensity magnetic separation, selects magnetic mineral product for strongly magnetic mineral 1, the multiplex cydariform magnetic separation of First Series electromagnetism wet method
Machine underflow is the weaker product of magnetic, and First Series high gradient magnetic separator is pumped into sand pump, and medium is the bar-shaped magnetizing mediums of 2.5mm,
The series connection of First Series high gradient magnetic separator 3, forms First roughing, second and third magnetic dressing process scanned, roughing and two sections
Scan magnetic product and be combined into the first concentrator, the first concentrator overflow water returns to the first grinding machine as water is added, and first is dense
Close machine underflow gravity flow enters table concentration operation, shaking table totally three, formed series connection respectively roughing, scan, it is selected, table concentration is produced
Product are the first rare earth ore concentrate, enter concentrate pond and store up, and shaking table is scanned, cleaner tailings pumps into the second concentrator, second with the first sand pump
Concentrator overflow returns to shaking table roughing operation and pumps into the second grinding machine with the second sand pump and carry out as water, the second thickener underflow is added
Secondary grinding, the second grinding machine overflow is classified with the second spiral classifier, and the second spiral classifier sand return returns to the second grinding machine,
Second spiral classifier overflow gravity flow enters flotation operation, and the mine tailing that First Series high gradient magnetic separator second is scanned is non magnetic
The first mine tailing of mineral 1, the first mine tailing 1 enters tailing pit and stores up;
First spiral classifier Grading Overflow enters less than 0.038mm grades particle into the multiplex cydariform magnetic separator of the second electromagnetism wet method
Row low intensity magnetic separation, magnetic mineral product is strongly magnetic mineral 2, and the underflow of the second electromagnetism wet method multiplex cydariform magnetic separator is that magnetic is weaker
Product, second series high-gradient magnetic separation machine operation is pumped into sand pump, and 3 series connection of second series high gradient magnetic separator form first
Platform roughing, second and third magnetic dressing process scanned, medium is the netted magnetizing mediums of 1.5mm, roughing and scans magnetic product and is merged into
Enter the 3rd concentrator, non magnetic ore is the second mine tailing 2, and the 3rd concentrator overflow water returns to the second grinding machine as water is added, the
The gravity flow of three thickener underflows enters flotation operation, and floatation equipment is agitation impeller flotator, and its groove is formed by pipeline and connected
It is closed circuit, form flotation, roughing, first is selected, first scans, and the second refining process, second are scanned, second choose it is second dilute
Native concentrate is stored up into concentrate pond, and the second the 3rd mine tailing scanned out is stored up into tailing pit.
Sichuan Provincial Geological Prospecting Bureau Chengdu synthesis rock and mineral testing central tissue related scientific research personnel, with Sichuan Province Dechang County continent
Groove rare-earth tailing is research object, investigation on the spot and sufficiently ore texture, valuable mineral and gangue mineral kind at the scene
Class and occurrence status, valuable mineral and gangue mineral content, valuable mineral and gangue mineral are total to association relationship and inlay relation, have
Partitioning rule, useful ore deposit with mineral and gangue mineral size distribution, valuable component and impurity during beneficiation enrichment
Thing and gangue mineral on the basis of the process mineralogy property achievement in research such as monomer dissociation degree, enter under the conditions of the different granularities
Gone high ferro, weight mud, particulate, fluorite and barite altogether association rare-earth tailing laboratory mineral resources comprehensive utilization technical research, shape
Into pre-classification-coarse and fine separation-gradation level it is selected-encryption medium high-gradient magnetic separation-magnetic, weight, floating process integration, to process this dilute
Native mine tailing, and succeed.At present, the present invention expands continuity test and checks by 60Kg/h, demonstrates the stabilization of technique
Property, continuity and reliability.Present invention is generally directed to iron content is high, the association altogether of cement content weight, granularity relatively thin, fluorite and barite
Rare-earth tailing, each operation means of the present invention are more conventional, easily realize in the industrial production, returned using magnetic separation-gravity treatment process integration
Receive coarse fraction bastnaesite and classification-encryption medium high-gradient magnetic separation-joint flotation technology reclaims particulate bastnaesite, with tradition
Technique is compared and reduces processing cost.Iron content is high based on solving for the present invention, and cement content weight, granularity is thinner, and fluorite, weight are brilliant
The problem that particulate fluorine carbon cerium type rare-earth ore ore-dressing is reclaimed in the bastnaesite type rare-earth tailing of the common association of stone, celestine, is produced into
This is relatively low, and is easily realized in production.
The features and advantages of the invention are as follows:
1st, grinding process:In view of the type Fluorine in Ores carbon cerium ore particle degree is relatively thin and easily overground, the technique is using pre-classification, thick
Carefully rejoin one's unit, the grinding grading technique that preparation of sized raw coal, coarse fraction are regrinded;
2nd, coarse and fine separation-encryption medium magnetic separation process carries out bastnaesite preconcentration and throws tail:Entered using high-gradient magnetic separation technique
Row preconcentration, 1.+0.038mm grades using rod medium, for one section of roughing, three sections scan, and roughing scavenger concentrate merges by flow
Coarse fraction magnetic separation rare earth ore concentrate;2. -0.038mm mesh grade uses net dielectric film filter microfine bastnaesite, and flow is one section thick
Choosing, three sections scan;
3rd, magnetic separation-gravity treatment process integration reclaims coarse fraction Rare Earth Mine:Coarse fraction magnetic separation rare earth ore concentrate reclaims thick using table concentration
Grade bastnaesite, flow be one section of roughing, two sections scan, two sections choose TREO contents up to more than 60% rare earth ore concentrate, coarse grain
The level rare earth ore concentrate rate of recovery is more than 45%;
4th, magnetic separation-gravity treatment-joint flotation technology reclaims fine fraction Rare Earth Mine:Shaking table mine tailing regrind to -0.074mm account for 75% and with -
0.038mm grades magnetic separation product merges carries out flotation, using sodium carbonate as sludge dispersant, waterglass, sulphur in floatation process
Sour aluminium, starch and tannin extract iron-bearing mineral, silicate mineral, fluorite, barite, celestine selective depressant, with bigcatkin willow hydroxyl oxime
Acid is used as collecting agent flotation for recovery of fine bastnaesite, flotation concentrate TREO grades 50% or so;
5th, through the combination of each operation in above-mentioned technique so that particulate, high ferro, the fluorite of weight mud, barite, the common companion of celestine
Up to more than 55%, rare earth yield is up to more than 60% for the rare-earth tailing middle rare earth concentrate TREO grades of raw type.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is present invention process flow chart.
Specific embodiment:
By taking the big syneclise rare-earth tailing in Liangshan State of Sichuan Province Dechang County as an example, the multinomial analysis in table 1 of the sample chemical, the sample screen analysis
The results are shown in Table 2.
Sample rare-earth mineral identification is as follows:
(1)- 1+0.45mm grades:Bastnaesite:It is fragmentary to spread, see monomer, see the intergrowth constituted with carbonate mineral, see with
The intergrowth of feldspar, quartz composition, is shown in the intergrowth constituted with barite or celestine, sees the intergrowth constituted with fluorite;
(2)- 0.45+0.25mm grades:Bastnaesite:Fragmentary distribution, mostly monomer, are shown in the adhesion constituted with carbonate mineral
Body, is shown in the intergrowth with feldspar, quartz composition, sees the intergrowth constituted with barite or celestine, sees the company constituted with fluorite
Raw body;
(3)- 0.25+0.15mm grades:Bastnaesite:Fragmentary distribution, mostly monomer, are shown in the adhesion constituted with carbonate mineral
Body, is shown in the intergrowth with feldspar, quartz composition, sees the intergrowth constituted with barite or celestine, sees the company constituted with fluorite
Raw body;
(4)- 0.15+0.074mm grades:Bastnaesite:Fragmentary distribution, mostly monomer, are shown in what is constituted with carbonate mineral on a small quantity
Intergrowth, the accidental intergrowth constituted with barite or celestine;
(5)- 0.074+0.043mm grades:Bastnaesite:Fragmentary distribution, mostly monomer, are shown in what is constituted with carbonate mineral on a small quantity
Intergrowth;
(6)- 0.043+0.038mm grades:Bastnaesite:Fragmentary distribution, mostly monomer, are shown in what is constituted with carbonate mineral individually
Intergrowth;
(7)- 0.038mm grades:Bastnaesite:Fragmentary to spread, the overwhelming majority is monomer, sees what is constituted with carbonate mineral individually
Intergrowth.
Above-mentioned ore properties research shows:
(1)The rare-earth tailing sample granularity is thinner, and bulk sample is smaller than 1mm;
(2)Iron content is of a relatively high in sample, and hematite-limonite form has been present substantially;
(3)Valuable mineral bastnaesite is distributed more uniformly in each grade, and bastnaesite thickness is uneven in showing the sample;
(4)- 0.038mm grades account for 22.98% in the sample, and -0.074mm grades account for 33.86%, show in the sample cement content compared with
Weight.
The rare-earth tailing sample obtains ore-dressing technique index and is shown in Table 3 using following technological processes:
Technological process is as follows:
(1)Feed:
Equipment is 35 liters of pendulum feeders, and pan feeding is the big syneclise rare-earth tailing in Liangshan State of Sichuan Province Dechang County, and feeding coal is 60Kg/
Hour;
(2)Sieve classification, primary grinding:
1. equipment is triple unit vibration screen(Φ600), screen cloth specification is 0.25mm;
2. the XMBL-77 continuous rod mills of type overflow-type, 3/4 vertical sand pump of grinding machine overflow are entered more than 0.25mm gravity flows on sieve
(XBSL-3/4)Pump into triple unit vibration screen(Φ600)It is closed circuit to form first paragraph grind grading;
3. sieve lower less than 0.25mm from 3/4 vertical sand pump of inflow(XBSL-3/4)Pumping into cyclone carries out secondary grading;
(3)Secondary grading(Cyclone classification), low intensity magnetic separation:
1. equipment is the cyclones of Φ 500, secondary grading underflow(More than 0.038mm grade products)Gravity flow entrance XCRS- φ 400 ×
The 240 multiplex cydariform magnetic separators of type electromagnetism wet method(Magnetic field intensity is 0.16T)Low intensity magnetic separation is carried out, magnetic mineral product is ferromagnetism ore deposit
Thing 1, the multiplex cydariform magnetic separator underflow of electromagnetism wet method(The weaker product of magnetic)Use 3/4 vertical sand pump(XBSL-3/4)Pump into ladder high
Degree magnetic concentration working;
2. secondary grading overflow(Less than 0.038mm grade products)It is multiplex that gravity flow enters XCRS- 400 × 240 type electromagnetism wet methods of φ
Cydariform magnetic separator(Magnetic field intensity is 0.16T)Low intensity magnetic separation is carried out, magnetic mineral product is strongly magnetic mineral 2, and electromagnetism wet method is multiplex
Cydariform magnetic separator underflow(The weaker product of magnetic)Use 3/4 vertical sand pump(XBSL-3/4)Pump into high-gradient magnetic separation operation;
(4)High-gradient magnetic separation:
1. secondary grading is Slon- through the weaker product high-gradient magnetic separation apparatus of the magnetic after weak magnetic more than 0.038mm samples
500-1.3T vertical ring high-gradient magnetic separators(3 series connection, form one section of roughing, two sections of magnetic dressing process scanned), medium is 2.5mm
Bar-shaped magnetizing mediums, stroke is 15mm, and pulse is 250 times/min, and change speed is 2.0 turns/min, roughing and scans magnetic product
NSL-66 type concentrators are combined into, concentrator overflow returns to primary grinding operation, and thickener underflow gravity flow enters table concentration
Operation;High-gradient magnetic separation scans 2 mine tailings(Non magnetic ore, mine tailing 1)Stored up into tailing pit as true tailings gravity flow;
2. secondary grading is Slon- through the weaker product high-gradient magnetic separation apparatus of the magnetic after weak magnetic less than 0.038mm samples
500-1.3T vertical ring high-gradient magnetic separators(3 series connection, form one section of roughing, two sections of magnetic dressing process scanned), medium is 1.5mm
Netted magnetizing mediums, stroke is 15mm, and pulse is 200 times/min, and change speed is 2.0 turns/min, roughing and scans magnetic product
NSL-66 type concentrators are combined into, concentrator overflow returns to primary grinding operation, and thickener underflow gravity flow enters flotation operation;
(5)Table concentration operation:
Table concentration equipment is LY-2100 × 1050 aluminium alloy shaking table, totally three, forms series connection, and table concentrate flows into concentrate certainly
Pond is stored up, 3/4 vertical sand pump of shaking table mine tailing(XBSL-3/4)NSL-66 type concentrators are pumped into, concentrator overflow returns to shaking table weight
Industry is elected to be as adding water, 3/4 vertical sand pump of thickener underflow(XBSL-3/4)Pumping into rod mill carries out secondary grinding;
(6)Secondary grinding:
Equipment uses the XMBL-77 continuous rod mills of type overflow-type, and grinding machine overflow is classified with 150 × 1200 spiral classifiers,
Grader sand return returns to secondary grinding, and classifier overflow gravity flow enters flotation operation;
(7)Flotation operation:
Floatation equipment is FX2-12 type agitation impeller flotators, totally 14 groove, and it is closed circuit to form series connection by pipeline, selected, scan
Chats is returned by pipeline order, and selected 2 concentrate gravity flow is stored up into concentrate pond, is scanned the gravity flow of 2 mine tailings and is stored up into tailing pit.
Claims (1)
1. from the method for the heavy rare-earth tailing recovering rare earth mineral of particulate iron cement content, it is characterised in that contain from particulate iron content, mud
The method for measuring the rare-earth tailing recovering rare earth mineral of weight, rare-earth tailing first through vibratory sieve sieve classification, more than 0.25mm
Grain is milled to less than 0.25mm into the first grinding machine, and merges the first spiral shell of feeding less than 0.25mm particles with vibratory sieve sieve classification
Rotation grader classification, low intensity magnetic separation is carried out more than 0.038mm grades particle into the multiplex cydariform magnetic separator of the first electromagnetism wet method, is selected
Magnetic mineral product is the first strongly magnetic mineral, and the underflow of the first electromagnetism wet method multiplex cydariform magnetic separator is the weaker product of magnetic,
The first high gradient magnetic separator is pumped into sand pump, medium is the bar-shaped magnetizing mediums of 2.5mm, and the series connection of the first high gradient magnetic separator 3 is formed
First roughing, first and second magnetic dressing process scanned, roughing and two sections scan magnetic product and are combined into the first concentrator, first
Concentrator overflow returns to the first grinding machine, and the gravity flow of the first thickener underflow enters table concentration operation, and shaking table totally three forms series connection
Respectively roughing, scan, it is selected, table concentration product be the first rare earth ore concentrate, enter concentrate pond and store up, shaking table is scanned, cleaner tailings
The second concentrator is pumped into the first sand pump, the second concentrator overflow returns to shaking table roughing operation as adding water, the second concentrator
Underflow pumps into the second grinding machine with the second sand pump and carries out secondary grinding, and the second grinding machine overflow is classified with the second spiral classifier,
Second spiral classifier sand return returns to the second grinding machine, and the second spiral classifier overflow gravity flow enters flotation operation, the first high gradient
The mine tailing that magnetic separator second is scanned is the first mine tailing of non magnetic ore 1, and the first mine tailing 1 enters tailing pit and stores up;
First spiral classifier Grading Overflow enters less than 0.038mm grades particle into the multiplex cydariform magnetic separator of the second electromagnetism wet method
Row low intensity magnetic separation, magnetic mineral product is strongly magnetic mineral 2, and the underflow of the second electromagnetism wet method multiplex cydariform magnetic separator is that magnetic is weaker
Product, the second high-gradient magnetic separation machine operation is pumped into sand pump, the series connection of the second high gradient magnetic separator 3, forms the second roughing, the
3rd, four magnetic dressing process scanned, medium is the netted magnetizing mediums of 1.5mm, roughing and scans magnetic product to be combined into the 3rd dense
Machine, non magnetic ore is the second mine tailing 2, and the 3rd concentrator overflow water returns to the second grinding machine, the 3rd concentrator bottom as water is added
Stream gravity flow enters flotation operation, and floatation equipment is agitation impeller flotator, and its groove is closed circuit by pipeline formation series connection, forms floating
Choosing, roughing, first is selected, first scans, and the second refining process, second are scanned, and the second the second rare earth ore concentrate chosen enters
Concentrate pond is stored up, and the second the 3rd mine tailing scanned out is stored up into tailing pit.
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Cited By (7)
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CN107029872A (en) * | 2017-06-21 | 2017-08-11 | 北京矿冶研究总院 | Coarse grain tailing discarding beneficiation method for low-grade uranium-containing rare earth polymetallic ore |
CN110624685A (en) * | 2019-10-14 | 2019-12-31 | 广东省资源综合利用研究所 | Method for intensively recovering valuable components from rare earth tailings |
CN110639688A (en) * | 2019-10-14 | 2020-01-03 | 广东省资源综合利用研究所 | Beneficiation and pre-enrichment method for weathered calcite carbonate type rare earth ore |
CN110639689A (en) * | 2019-10-14 | 2020-01-03 | 广东省资源综合利用研究所 | Beneficiation method for comprehensively recovering rare earth, strontium and molybdenum from rare earth tailings |
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CN107029872B (en) * | 2017-06-21 | 2019-09-10 | 北京矿冶研究总院 | Coarse grain tailing discarding beneficiation method for low-grade uranium-containing rare earth polymetallic ore |
CN110624685B (en) * | 2019-10-14 | 2021-04-20 | 广东省资源综合利用研究所 | Method for intensively recovering valuable components from rare earth tailings |
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AU2020294218B2 (en) * | 2019-10-14 | 2022-01-06 | Institute of resources comprehensive utilization, Guangdong Academy of Sciences | Method for intensive recovery of valuable components from rare earth tailings |
CN112495573A (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2021-03-16 | 安徽马钢张庄矿业有限责任公司 | Method for high-value utilization of common high-silicon iron concentrate |
CN114682374A (en) * | 2022-04-01 | 2022-07-01 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Method for pre-selecting ilmenite from titanium-selecting tailings of vanadium titano-magnetite |
CN114682374B (en) * | 2022-04-01 | 2023-10-27 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Method for preselecting ilmenite from titanium tailings of vanadium titano-magnetite |
CN114713508A (en) * | 2022-04-06 | 2022-07-08 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Method for improving TFe grade of vanadium-containing iron ore concentrate |
CN114713508B (en) * | 2022-04-06 | 2023-06-30 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Method for improving TFe grade of vanadium-containing iron concentrate |
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