CN116409132A

CN116409132A - Vehicle for replacing electric vehicle

Info

Publication number: CN116409132A
Application number: CN202211306033.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张建平; 黄春华
Original assignee: Aulton New Energy Automotive Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Aulton New Energy Automotive Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-07-15
Filing date: 2022-10-24
Publication date: 2023-07-11
Also published as: CN219096473U; CN218805183U; CN115991087A; CN116118460A; CN218536326U; CN218536327U; CN219007570U; CN219007569U; CN116160836A; CN116252608A; CN116572722A; CN218805180U; CN218558551U; CN116118464A; CN115991086A; CN218558543U; CN116409133A; CN116118459A; CN218558552U; CN116118468A

Abstract

The invention discloses a battery-changing vehicle, comprising: the battery pack comprises a plurality of locking pieces matched with the locking mechanisms, and the plurality of locking pieces are matched with the plurality of locking mechanisms in a T-shaped rotary locking mode along the vertical direction, so that the battery pack is connected to the bottom of the quick-change bracket in the T-shaped rotary locking mode. According to the invention, the locking piece is matched with the locking mechanism in a T-shaped rotary locking mode and the battery pack is vertically hung to the quick-change bracket, and the vertical hanging connection mode ensures that the battery pack is only lifted to a preset height below the quick-change bracket in the vertical direction by the battery exchange equipment, so that the positioning mode of the battery pack installation is simplified, the connection between the battery pack and the quick-change bracket is firmer, the battery pack installation time is saved, and the operation cost of the battery pack installation or disassembly is reduced.

Description

Vehicle for replacing electric vehicle

The present application claims priority from chinese patent application 2022108370919, whose application date is 2022, month 07, and 15. The present application refers to the entirety of the above-mentioned chinese patent application.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle power conversion, in particular to a power conversion vehicle.

Background

The current electric vehicle is popular with consumers, and needs to be charged after the electric energy is used, and the current battery technology and the charging technology limit that the electric vehicle needs to be fully charged takes a long time, which is not as simple and rapid as the direct oiling of the automobile. Therefore, in order to reduce the waiting time of the user, it is an effective means to replace the battery when the power of the battery-change vehicle is rapidly exhausted. At present, with the increasing market share and the frequency of use of battery-powered vehicles, in addition to small vehicles using storage batteries as driving energy, large vehicles (e.g., heavy trucks and light trucks) are beginning to be widely used as battery quick-change technologies.

In the process of disassembling and assembling the whole battery pack on the battery replacing vehicle, due to the large volume of the whole battery pack, the corresponding locking mechanisms are more in number, so that the difficulty of simultaneously locking and unlocking all the locking mechanisms is relatively high, and the bearing requirement and the precision requirement on the battery replacing equipment are high.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome at least one of the defects in the prior art and provides a power-exchanging vehicle.

The invention solves the technical problems by the following technical scheme:

a battery-powered vehicle comprising:

the vehicle body is provided with a plurality of wheels,

a quick-change bracket connected with the vehicle body,

a plurality of locking mechanisms which are connected with the two sides of the quick-change bracket along the width direction and/or the two sides of the length direction of the vehicle body and are arranged at intervals,

the battery pack is provided with a plurality of locking pieces matched with the locking mechanisms, the locking pieces are matched with the locking mechanisms in a T-shaped rotary locking mode along the vertical direction, and the battery pack is connected to the bottom of the quick-change bracket in the T-shaped rotary locking mode.

This trade locking piece of electric vehicle and locking mechanism cooperation and along vertical with battery package be connected to quick change support, vertical connected mode makes the battery package of just need be lifted to the predetermined height below the quick change support along vertical the battery package can, the locate mode of battery package installation has been simplified, simultaneously, the location of battery package along automobile body X to (length direction) and/or Y to (width direction) when realizing battery package connection through the locking mechanism that length direction and/or width direction interval set up, the battery package is lifted in place by the battery package and is fixed after being connected by the locking mechanism that is located automobile body lateral part with the locking piece, that is to say that the battery package is X to and/or Y is spacing also synchronous realization after connecting, the stability of battery package after having promoted after connecting, on the basis that the battery package was installed is simplified to the connected mode, the structure of battery package at X to the limit that need additionally set up the spacing piece after simplifying the battery package fixed connection, the battery package installation time has been saved and the running cost of battery package installation or dismantlement has been reduced.

In addition, the battery pack is vertically locked or unlocked by the locking piece and the locking mechanism through the T-shaped rotary locking mode, the T-shaped rotary locking mode is simple to operate, the locking reliability is high, and compared with the traditional bolt type locking mode and the clamping type locking mode, the T-shaped rotary locking is beneficial to reducing abrasion between the locking piece and the locking mechanism, and the reliability and the durability of the structure are improved.

Preferably, the locking mechanism comprises a lock seat, the locking piece comprises a T-shaped lock rod, the T-shaped lock rod comprises a shaft body and at least one hanging part extending outwards from one end of the shaft body, and the locking piece is rotationally locked at the locking position of the lock seat through the hanging part.

According to the technical scheme, the position of the hanging part relative to the lock seat is changed by rotating the hanging part of the T-shaped lock rod, so that the hanging part can be locked at the locking position of the lock seat, the battery pack is locked relative to the vehicle for replacing, and the operation is simple.

Preferably, the locking member includes two hooking portions, and the two hooking portions extend from one end of the shaft body in opposite directions.

According to the technical scheme, the two opposite hanging parts are arranged to bear the gravity from the battery pack together, so that the supporting strength can be improved, the forces received by the two hanging parts are basically the same, and the supporting stability is further improved.

Preferably, the locking member includes three hooking portions, the three hooking portions respectively extend from one end of the shaft body in different directions, and an included angle is formed between the three hooking portions.

In the technical scheme, the three hanging parts bear the gravity from the battery pack together, so that the supporting strength can be improved. Compared with two hanging parts, the T-shaped lock rod with three hanging parts has smaller rotation angle in the unlocking and locking processes, and improves the electricity exchanging efficiency.

Preferably, the locking piece further comprises a locking part, the locking part is arranged at the other end of the shaft body, and the locking part is used for limiting the rotation of the hanging part relative to the lock seat when the hanging part is positioned at the locking position of the lock seat.

According to the technical scheme, the anti-loosening part can prevent the hanging part of the T-shaped lock rod from rotating relative to the lock seat under the locking state of the battery pack and the battery replacement vehicle, so that the battery pack and the battery replacement vehicle are prevented from being connected loose due to the fact that the hanging part is switched from the locking position to the unlocking position of the lock seat, and the locking reliability of the battery pack and the battery replacement vehicle is ensured.

Preferably, the locking part is matched with one of ratchet, pawl, expanding bead, clamping and meshing to limit the rotation of the hanging part relative to the lock seat.

In the technical scheme, the locking mechanism comprises a plurality of locking parts, wherein the locking parts are arranged on the two sides of the locking part, and the locking parts are arranged on the two sides of the locking part.

Preferably, the locking piece further comprises a base, and the T-shaped lock rod is arranged in the base and can be lifted or rotated along the vertical direction relative to the base.

According to the technical scheme, the base can limit the moving direction of the T-shaped lock rod, so that the offset is prevented in the moving process of the T-shaped lock rod, and the reliability of the locking and unlocking processes is improved.

Preferably, the base comprises an outer base and an inner clamping seat, the inner clamping seat is in threaded connection with the outer base, and a locking groove is formed on the inner clamping seat;

preferably, the locking groove is a spiral groove for lifting or rotating the T-shaped locking rod in the vertical direction.

According to the technical scheme, the spiral groove is formed in the inner clamping seat to be matched with the T-shaped lock rod, so that the T-shaped lock rod can be lifted and lowered in the vertical direction simultaneously when rotating along the axial direction of the T-shaped lock rod.

Preferably, the T-shaped lock rod is further provided with a driving part, and the driving part is used for driving the hanging part to lift or rotate along the vertical direction under the action of an external driving mechanism.

In the technical scheme, the driving part is used for controlling the movement of the T-shaped lock rod, so that the hanging part of the T-shaped lock rod is driven to lift or rotate along the vertical direction.

Preferably, the lock seat has a connection channel extending along a vertical direction, and a clamping portion adjacent to the connection channel, wherein the connection channel is used for the hanging portion to move upwards along the vertical direction to a position corresponding to the clamping portion, and the hanging portion is locked on the clamping portion through rotation, so that the locking piece is locked at a locking position of the lock seat through rotation of the hanging portion.

According to the technical scheme, the connection between the hanging part and the lock seat is realized through the matching of the hanging part and the clamping part of the lock seat, and further the locking of the battery pack relative to the electric vehicle is realized.

Preferably, the clamping part is further provided with a first guiding surface, and the first guiding surface is obliquely upwards or obliquely downwards arranged from the connecting channel.

In the technical scheme, the first guide surface can play a guide role on the hanging part in the rotating process of the hanging part, so that the hanging part and the lock seat are prevented from interfering, and the reliability of the locking and unlocking processes is improved.

Preferably, the connecting channel is matched with the shape of the hanging part.

In the technical scheme, the connecting channel is arranged on the shape of the hooking part, so that the locking part is conveniently arranged on the lock seat, the contact area of the hooking part on the locking part is ensured, and the locking reliability is improved.

Preferably, a plurality of locking pieces are arranged in at least an edge area of the battery pack, and the plurality of locking pieces are arranged in the edge area of the battery pack along the length direction and/or the width direction of the vehicle body of the battery-powered vehicle so as to lock or unlock the battery pack at the bottom of the battery-powered vehicle.

Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, set up the locking piece in the marginal region of battery package and then lock or unblock the battery package in the bottom of trading electric vehicle, set up in the marginal region and be favorable to guaranteeing the stability that battery package and trading electric vehicle are connected, and then guarantee the safety and stability that trading electric vehicle was gone.

Preferably, a plurality of the locking members are further provided at a middle region of each of the battery packs.

In the technical scheme, the locking piece is further arranged in the middle area of the battery pack, so that the stability of connection between the battery pack and the vehicle for replacing the battery pack is further guaranteed.

Preferably, when the number of the locking members in the intermediate region is plural, the plurality of locking members are distributed in the longitudinal direction or the width direction of the vehicle body.

According to the technical scheme, the plurality of locking pieces are distributed along the length direction or the width direction of the vehicle body, so that the connection stability of the middle area of the battery pack and the vehicle replacement is ensured.

Preferably, the locking member located in the middle area is hung at the bottom of the battery-changing vehicle along the height direction of the battery-changing vehicle.

Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, through the direction of height articulates the battery package along trading the electric vehicle, reduce the lateral space occupation to the battery package middle zone when articulating the battery package through the locking piece, improve the convenience of stores pylon battery package.

Preferably, a plurality of locking pieces are arranged on the side surface of the battery pack, or a plurality of locking pieces are arranged on the top surface of the battery pack.

When the locking piece is arranged on the top surface of the battery pack, namely, the locking piece is arranged at the position, extending inwards by a preset distance, of the top edge of the battery pack along the width and/or length direction of the battery pack, and the locking position of the locking mechanism and the locking piece connected to the quick-change bracket is positioned on the top surface of the battery pack, so that the width of the battery pack cannot be increased due to the locking piece; secondly, the locking piece and the locking mechanism are aligned directly, so that the battery pack can be conveniently replaced by the battery replacement equipment; thirdly, the size of the quick-change bracket is reduced to be possible, which is beneficial to the size control of the quick-change bracket and the battery pack; in addition, the distance between the locking mechanisms is smaller, the connection precision of the battery packs is easier to ensure, the smooth connection of the battery packs is more facilitated, and the electricity conversion efficiency is improved.

When the locking piece is arranged on the side face of the battery pack, the space in the height direction of the battery pack is not occupied, and the height between the bottom of the vehicle body of the battery-powered vehicle and the ground is guaranteed. In addition, the locking position is arranged on the side part, so that the operation space is larger, and the reliable locking and unlocking of the battery pack are conveniently realized. The locking piece not only can be arranged on two sides of the length direction of the battery pack, but also can be arranged on two sides of the width direction of the battery pack, or can be arranged at the same time, the setting position is flexible, and the locking piece can be adjusted according to the actual locking or arrangement mode. In addition, when the locking piece is arranged on the side face of the battery pack, the locking piece and the locking mechanism can be matched to realize the positioning of the battery pack along the X direction (length direction) and/or the Y direction (width direction) of the vehicle body, so that the battery pack is prevented from moving after being connected to the vehicle.

When setting up the top and the side of battery package with the locking piece simultaneously, can play the limiting displacement to the battery package better, the locking is more reliable.

Preferably, the quick-change bracket is fixedly arranged on a beam of a vehicle body of the battery-change vehicle, the quick-change bracket is provided with a containing area with a downward opening, and each containing area is internally provided with a plurality of locking mechanisms so as to realize locking and unlocking of the battery pack in the battery pack containing area relative to the quick-change bracket in a T-shaped rotary locking mode.

Above-mentioned structure sets up, holds the battery package through holding the district and makes the battery package have independent installation space and carries out spacingly to the X to and Y of battery package through independent installation space, holds the locking mechanism that sets up a plurality of T type rotatory locking modes in the district for the battery package is for locking and unblock convenient and fast more of quick change support.

Preferably, the quick-change bracket comprises a bracket body connected with the vehicle body, wherein a plurality of locking mechanisms are directly connected with the bracket body or connected with the bracket body through a transfer bracket, the transfer bracket extends downwards from the bracket body, and the transfer bracket and the bracket body are in an integrated structure or the transfer bracket is detachably connected with the bracket body;

or, the quick-change bracket is formed by fixedly connecting a plurality of cross beams and a plurality of longitudinal beams, and a plurality of locking pieces are fixedly arranged on any side surface of the cross beams or the longitudinal beams, so that the locking direction of the T-shaped rotary locking mode is consistent with the height direction of the battery-change vehicle.

Above-mentioned structure sets up, is used for matching the automobile body in order to promote the stability of battery stores pylon through the quick change support, and locking mechanism both can direct connection on the support body also can be connected on the support body through the switching frame for guarantee that the battery package is along vertical articulates in the quick change support, further along vertical connection in the automobile body. When the locking mechanism is directly connected with the bracket body, the quick-change bracket has simple structure and is easy to process; when the switching frame is used, the downward extending switching frame can play a certain limiting role on the battery pack, and then the stability of the battery pack after being hung can be improved.

When quick change support is formed by a plurality of crossbeams and a plurality of longeron fixed connection, the junction of crossbeam and longeron is formed with a plurality of clearances, and the locking mechanism setting of T type rotatory locking mode can increase the quantity of locking mechanism in the side of crossbeam or longeron, and then improves the stability after the battery package articulates to can also carry out spacingly to the battery package in X direction or Y direction when being connected with the battery package through locking mechanism, be increasing the spacing quantity to the battery package when increasing the locking mechanism, be favorable to improving the positioning accuracy after the battery package articulates.

Preferably, the adapter frame forms the accommodation area for enclosing the battery pack, and at least part of the battery is enclosed in the accommodation area along the vertical direction.

Above-mentioned structure sets up, forms the accommodation area through the switching frame, in the direction of height, accommodates the district and surrounds battery package at least partially in the accommodation area, is located the part battery package that holds the district and carries out spacingly through the accommodation area all around, improves the connection stability after battery package articulates in battery stores pylon.

Preferably, the locking piece is arranged on the side surface of the battery pack, and the locking piece is spaced from the top surface of the battery pack by a preset distance;

The bottom of switching frame is equipped with the mounting groove, locking mechanism set up in the mounting groove.

Above-mentioned structure sets up, sets up the locking piece in battery package side preset distance department from the top surface, cooperates with the switching frame spacing to the battery package, can weaken the battery package and rock (for example when the vehicle is accelerated or emergency braking) to the influence of lock point, is favorable to guaranteeing the reliability of locking. Through setting up locking mechanism in the mounting groove of adapter bottom, can promote the reliability and the steadiness fixed to locking mechanism to be favorable to strengthening the reliability and the steadiness of locking, can reduce the invasion of locking mechanism to horizontal space like this moreover, the structure is compacter.

Preferably, a guiding mechanism is arranged between the switching frame and the battery pack, the guiding mechanism comprises a guiding block and a second guiding surface, the guiding block is arranged on the side surface of the battery pack, and the switching frame faces to one side surface of the battery pack to form the second guiding surface.

According to the structure, the second guide surface for guiding the battery pack to be hung in the vertical direction is formed on the surface, facing the battery pack, of the transfer frame, so that the hanging precision of the battery pack when the battery pack is hung on the transfer frame is improved, the success rate of hanging the battery pack is improved, the speed of hanging the battery pack is improved, and in addition, the arrangement is beneficial to reducing the transverse size; the side of the battery pack is provided with the guide block which is used for acting the same as the second guide surface, and the guide block and the second guide surface are used for guiding the battery pack when the battery pack is hung on the battery hanging frame, so that the battery pack is hung more smoothly.

Preferably, a buffer mechanism is arranged at the side surface of the battery pack corresponding to the bottom end of the transfer frame, the buffer mechanism is arranged below the locking piece, and the buffer mechanism comprises a buffer piece capable of elastically deforming in the vertical direction.

Above-mentioned structure sets up, slows down through setting up buffer gear that the switching is put up between with the battery package and locking mechanism and locking piece between the impact when the battery package articulates, in addition, buffer gear also can slow down the battery package and articulate the back and travel along with the vehicle in-process rocking, is favorable to the reliability and the stability of locking. The buffer mechanism is arranged corresponding to the bottom end of the transfer frame, so that the buffer mechanism does not occupy extra transverse space. In addition, the buffer mechanism can be continuously arranged around the side face of the battery pack, and can also be intermittently arranged, and when the buffer mechanism is continuously arranged around the side face of the battery pack, an interference preventing hole for preventing the locking mechanism and the locking piece from being interfered should be reserved.

Preferably, the bottom end of the switching frame points to the top surface of the battery pack, and the switching frame is correspondingly arranged with the locking piece arranged on the top surface of the battery pack.

The structure is arranged, and the locking part and the switching frame are arranged on the top surface of the battery pack, so that the locking position is located on the top surface of the battery pack. Preferably, the plurality of locking mechanisms are connected to two sides of the quick-change bracket along the length direction (X direction) of the vehicle body, and the locking mechanisms can be arranged in the length direction of the vehicle body girder and are more reliable when the size of the quick-change bracket in the width direction of the vehicle is controlled.

Preferably, the plurality of locking mechanisms are provided in an edge region of the battery pack accommodating region in a body length direction and/or a width direction of the battery-powered vehicle.

Above-mentioned structure sets up, and locking mechanism sets up in the marginal area of battery package accommodation area along automobile body length direction, and this locking mechanism is when articulating with the battery package, holds the district and holds the battery package and come spacing battery package in this direction through the locking mechanism along automobile body length direction, and likewise, locking mechanism sets up in the marginal area of battery package accommodation area along automobile body width direction also in order to limit the position of battery package in this direction when battery package articulates, promotes the connection stability of battery package when omitting the locating part.

Preferably, a plurality of the locking mechanisms are further provided in a middle region of the battery pack accommodating region.

Above-mentioned structure sets up, and the middle zone of battery package holding area is provided with a plurality of locking mechanisms equally, improves the stability after battery package and quick change support are articulated through the mode that increases locking mechanism.

Preferably, when the plurality of locking mechanisms are provided in the intermediate region, the plurality of locking mechanisms are distributed in the longitudinal direction or the width direction of the vehicle body.

Above-mentioned structure sets up, and when locking mechanism was a plurality of, joint strength was high, connects reliably, can articulate the battery package better.

Preferably, the battery pack is provided with a protruding part which extends upwards from the side surface of the vehicle body and protrudes out of the bottom of the vehicle body, and the bracket body is provided with an avoidance hole or an avoidance cavity matched with the protruding part.

Above-mentioned structure sets up, and the bellying is used for increasing the capacity of battery package, effectively utilizes the space in the direction of height through upwards extending to increase the inner space of battery package, and the support body corresponds the bellying setting and dodges the hole or dodges the chamber in order to avoid the interference that probably takes place between support body and the battery package.

Preferably, the vehicle body comprises two side-by-side and spaced vehicle beams, and the protruding part is formed on the outer sides of the two vehicle beams and/or between the two vehicle beams.

The structure is arranged, so that the height space of the side face of the vehicle beam can be fully utilized, the battery capacity is increased, the structure is also suitable for a battery replacing vehicle with a lower chassis, and the application range of the battery pack is enlarged.

Preferably, a battery end electric connector is arranged at the top of the battery pack, a vehicle end electric connector is arranged at the corresponding position of the bracket body, and the battery end electric connector is in plug connection with the vehicle end electric connector in the vertical direction.

Above-mentioned structure sets up, through pegging graft battery end electric connector and car end electric connector along vertical, has also realized the electric connection when the battery package is along vertical articulated, also need not complicated mechanical structure moreover, and the electric connection is more reliable, has also promoted the conversion efficiency.

Preferably, the battery-powered vehicle is an electric truck.

Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, the battery package of electric truck is bulky, heavy, more loaded down with trivial details and complicacy when being connected with electric truck's automobile body longeron for the required power conversion space in the power conversion in-process is bigger, and electric truck makes self moment of torsion bigger when distorting because of loading goods, is bigger to the influence of battery package promptly. Therefore, the battery pack is vertically hung so as to reduce the power conversion step, the power conversion efficiency is improved by simplifying the power conversion mode, and the connection stability of the battery pack is effectively improved through the battery hanging frame.

The invention has the positive progress effects that: according to the invention, the battery pack is vertically locked or unlocked by the T-shaped rotary locking mode, the battery pack is hung to the bottom of the quick-change bracket, the T-shaped rotary locking mode is simple to operate, the locking reliability is high, the locking piece is matched with the locking mechanism and is used for vertically hanging the battery pack to the quick-change bracket, the vertical hanging connection mode enables the battery pack to be lifted to a preset height below the quick-change bracket only by the vertical hanging connection mode, the battery pack installation positioning mode is simplified, the battery pack replacement efficiency is improved, meanwhile, the battery pack is positioned along the X direction (length direction) and/or the Y direction (width direction) of the vehicle body while the battery pack is hung by the locking mechanism arranged at intervals in the length direction and/or the width direction, after the battery pack is lifted upwards to be in place by the battery pack, the locking mechanism positioned at the side part of the vehicle body is hung with the locking piece, that is also realized synchronously, that is to say, the battery pack is hung with the X direction and/or the Y direction limiting position after the battery pack is connected, the battery pack is lifted to a preset height, the battery pack installation positioning mode is simplified, the battery pack is arranged on the basis of the hanging connection mode, the battery pack is simplified, the battery pack is installed and/is additionally and the battery pack is installed in the X direction and/Y direction limiting position is required to be fixed, or the battery pack is installed and the battery pack is required to be installed and is reduced.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery-powered vehicle according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a quick-change bracket and a battery pack according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a positional relationship of a locking mechanism of a quick-change bracket according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship of the locking member of the battery pack of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an exploded view of the battery pack and quick-change stand according to embodiment 1 of the present invention

Fig. 6 is an exploded view of the structure of the adapter bracket and the bracket body according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a receiving area of a transfer rack according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the battery side electrical connector and the vehicle side electrical connector according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating a connection state between a quick-change bracket and a battery pack according to embodiment 3 of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is an exploded view of the locking mechanism and locking member of the present invention.

Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of the locking mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship between the locking mechanism and the locking member according to the present invention.

Fig. 13 is a schematic view of the locking element and the lock base of the present invention.

Fig. 14 is a top view of the locking assembly of the present invention.

Fig. 15 is a perspective view of the latch and base of the present invention.

Fig. 16 is an exploded view of another latch and latch mechanism of the present invention.

Reference numerals illustrate:

vehicle 100 for replacing electric vehicle

Vehicle body 10

Quick change stand 20

Body rail 30

Locking mechanism 40

T-shaped lock rod 21

Shaft body 211

Hitching section 212

Lock seat 31

Nut sleeve 23

Nut 24

Outer base 231

Inner clamping seat 232

Spiral groove 25

Guide pin 26

First guide surface 331

Connecting channel 32

Clamping portion 33

Base 22

Locking member 50

Battery pack 60

Buffer mechanism 80

Transfer frame 1

Bracket body 2

Accommodation area 3

Battery box 4

Flange 5

Avoidance hole 11

Battery terminal electrical connector 12

Vehicle end electrical connector 13

Longitudinal direction X of longitudinal beam of vehicle body

Width direction Y of vehicle body longitudinal beam

Detailed Description

The invention is further illustrated by means of the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

Example 1

The present embodiment provides a battery-powered vehicle 100, as shown in fig. 1, the battery-powered vehicle 100 includes: the vehicle body 10, the quick-change bracket 20 and the battery pack 60, wherein the quick-change bracket 20 is connected to the vehicle body 10, further, the vehicle body 10 of the battery-change vehicle 100 is provided with a vehicle beam, for example, the vehicle beam is two vehicle body longitudinal beams 30 which are arranged in parallel along the front-rear direction in the embodiment, and is used for connecting main components of the battery-change vehicle 100, such as hanging and wheels, and the like, the quick-change bracket 20 is also arranged below the two vehicle body longitudinal beams 30, and in addition, the battery pack 60 is hung on the lower surface of the quick-change bracket 20 along the vertical direction so that the battery pack 60 can be quickly replaced from the lower side of the battery-change vehicle 100, so that the battery pack 60 can be replaced more quickly and conveniently. In this embodiment, the quick-change bracket 20 is a frame structure formed by welding profiles, and each locking mechanism 40 is disposed at the lower surface of the quick-change bracket 20 and is used for locking connection with the locking member 50 of the battery pack 60 in the vertical direction in a T-shaped rotating locking manner, the locking mechanism 40 and the locking member 50 are rotationally locked in a T-shaped manner, the operation is simple, the locking reliability is high, the battery pack 60 is located at the bottom of the quick-change bracket 20 and is connected or separated relative to the quick-change bracket 20, and the purpose of changing the battery is achieved. For the material of the quick-change bracket 20, other materials, such as a plate and a square tube, can be selected according to practical requirements, and the material is not limited to the profile.

Further, by arranging the battery pack 60 at the bottom of the quick-change bracket 20 and hanging the battery pack 60, the battery pack 60 is lifted to a predetermined height by a battery changing device (not shown) when the battery pack 60 is changed by the battery changing vehicle 100, so that the battery changing step of the battery changing vehicle 100 is greatly simplified, the battery changing efficiency is improved, and the connection stability of the battery pack 60 and the quick-change bracket 20 is ensured.

In addition, the plurality of locking mechanisms 40 are arranged along two sides of the width direction and/or the length direction of the vehicle body longitudinal beam 30, and are arranged at intervals, the locking pieces 50 are vertically arranged on the side face of the battery pack 60 and are used for being matched with the locking mechanisms 40, when the locking mechanisms 40 are arranged along the width direction of the vehicle body longitudinal beam 30, namely, the locking mechanisms 40 are arranged in the Y direction, vertical hanging connection can be achieved between the locking mechanisms 40 and the locking pieces 50 of the battery pack 60, in the Y direction, the locking pieces 50 on two sides of the battery pack 60 are limited by the locking mechanisms 40, that is, the battery pack 60 is limited by the quick-change bracket 20 in the Y direction, that is, Y-direction limiting of the battery pack 60 after hanging is achieved synchronously, and stability of the battery pack 60 after hanging is improved.

It can be appreciated that when the locking mechanism 40 is disposed along the length direction of the body longitudinal beam 30, that is, the X-direction is set up to the locking mechanism 40, the battery pack 60 can be limited by the quick-change bracket 20 in the X-direction, and the battery pack 60 is positioned along the X-direction and/or the Y-direction while the battery pack 60 is hung by the locking mechanism 40 disposed along the length direction and/or the width direction of the body longitudinal beam 30, so that the battery pack 60 is lifted up by the battery changer to be in place, the locking mechanism 40 located at the side of the body longitudinal beam 30 is hung to be fixed with the locking member 50, and meanwhile, the limiting of the battery pack 60 in the X-direction and/or the Y-direction is synchronously implemented after the battery pack 60 is hung.

One of the lock 50 or the lock mechanism 40 is provided on the battery pack 60, and the other of the lock 50 or the lock mechanism 40 is provided on the electric vehicle 100. In the present embodiment, the case where all the locking members 50 are provided on the battery pack 60 and all the locking mechanisms 40 are provided on the quick-change bracket 20 is described as an example.

In other alternative embodiments, all of the locking members 50 may be provided on the quick-change bracket 20 and all of the locking mechanisms 40 may be provided on the battery pack 60. Alternatively, a part of the locking member 50 may be provided on the battery pack 60, a part of the locking mechanism 40 corresponding thereto may be provided on the quick-change bracket 20, another part of the locking member 50 may be provided on the quick-change bracket 20, and another part of the locking mechanism 40 corresponding thereto may be provided on the battery pack 60.

It should be noted that: the structures of the locking member 50 and the locking mechanism 40 shown in fig. 2 to 10 of the present embodiment may be identical to the structures of the locking member 50 and the locking mechanism 40 shown in fig. 10 to 16, or may not be identical to the structures of the locking member 50 and the locking mechanism 40 shown in fig. 10 to 16, and fig. 10 to 16 are only for illustrating the specific structures of the locking member 50 and the locking mechanism 40, so as to facilitate the description of the locking or unlocking in the T-shaped rotary locking manner of the present embodiment.

The locking member 50 includes a T-shaped locking bar 21, the T-shaped locking bar 21 includes a shaft body 211, and at least one hooking portion 212 extending outwardly from one end of the shaft body 211, and the locking member 50 is rotatably locked at a locking position of the lock base 31 by the hooking portion 212. Specifically, the hanging portion 212 is connected with the end of the shaft body 211, and the rotating shaft body 211 can drive the hanging portion 212 to rotate synchronously, so that the position of the hanging portion 212 relative to the lock seat 31 is changed, and the hanging portion 212 can be locked at the locking position of the lock seat 31, so that the battery pack 60 is locked relative to the battery change vehicle 100, and the operation is simple.

The number of the hanging parts 212 in the present embodiment is two, and the two hanging parts 212 extend from one end of the shaft body 211 in opposite directions, that is, the two hanging parts 212 are symmetrically disposed with respect to the shaft body 211. The two opposite hanging parts 212 are arranged to bear the gravity from the battery pack 60 together, so that the supporting strength can be improved, and the forces born by the two hanging parts 212 are basically the same, so that the supporting stability is further improved.

In other alternative embodiments, the number of the hanging parts 212 may be one or more, and may be designed according to practical situations. For example, as shown in fig. 16, the number of the hanging parts 212 is three, the three hanging parts 212 extend from one end of the shaft body 211 along different directions, and included angles are formed between the three hanging parts 212, so that the locking is reliable and the stress is balanced by limiting the rotation of the hanging parts 212 after the locking to prevent automatic unlocking. The three hitching sections 212 commonly receive the weight force from the battery pack 60, and support strength can be improved. And compared with the two hanging parts 212, the T-shaped lock rod 21 with the three hanging parts 212 has smaller rotation angle in the unlocking and locking processes, thereby improving the electricity exchanging efficiency.

The locking member 50 further includes a locking portion (not shown) disposed at an end of the shaft body 211 remote from the hooking portion 212, the locking portion being configured to limit rotation of the hooking portion 212 relative to the lock base 31 when the hooking portion 212 is located at the locking position of the lock base 31. The locking part can prevent the hanging part 212 of the T-shaped lock rod 21 from rotating relative to the lock seat 31 in the locking state of the battery pack 60 and the battery replacement vehicle 100, so that the loose connection between the battery pack 60 and the battery replacement vehicle 100 caused by switching the hanging part 212 from the locking position of the lock seat 31 to the unlocking position is avoided, and the locking reliability of the battery pack 60 and the battery replacement vehicle 100 is ensured.

As shown in fig. 10, the T-shaped lock lever 21 is further provided with a driving portion, which is used for driving the hooking portion 212 to lift or rotate in the vertical direction under the action of an external driving mechanism, and the driving portion may adopt a pneumatic structure with linear motion, such as hydraulic driving, which is the prior art and will not be described herein in detail.

Specifically, the anti-loosening portion in this embodiment is specifically a nut sleeve 23, the driving portion is a nut 24, the nut 24 is in threaded connection with one end of the shaft body 211 away from the hanging portion 212, the nut sleeve 23 is installed on the nut 24, fixation of the nut 24 and the battery pack 60 is achieved, the nut 24 is guaranteed not to rotate and fall off before the battery pack 60 is installed, the shaft body 211 is guaranteed not to rotate through the nut 24, and then the hanging portion 212 is guaranteed not to rotate.

In other alternative embodiments, the anti-loosening portion may also be engaged by one of a ratchet, a pawl, a bead, a catch, and a mesh to limit the rotation of the hanging portion 212 relative to the lock base 31. The structure of the anti-loose portions in the different locking devices may be the same or different.

As shown in fig. 10 and 11, the locking member 50 further includes a base 22, and the t-shaped lock lever 21 is disposed in the base 22 and can be lifted or rotated in a vertical direction with respect to the base 22. The base 22 can limit the moving direction of the T-shaped lock rod 21, prevent the offset generated in the moving process of the T-shaped lock rod 21, and improve the reliability of the locking and unlocking processes.

As shown in fig. 10 and 15, the base 22 includes an outer base 231 and an inner clamping seat 232, the inner clamping seat 232 is in threaded connection with the outer base 231, and a spiral groove 25 for lifting or rotating the T-shaped lock lever 21 in the vertical direction is formed on the inner clamping seat 232. By providing the spiral groove 25 on the inner holder 232 to be engaged with the T-shaped lock lever 21, the T-shaped lock lever 21 can be lifted and lowered in the vertical direction at the same time when rotating in the axial direction thereof.

Specifically, the shaft body 211 is provided with a guide pin 26, and the guide pin 26 extends into the spiral groove 25 on the inner clamping seat 232 and can slide along the extending direction of the spiral groove 25, so as to drive the shaft body 211 connected with the guide pin 26 to move in the vertical direction. Since the spiral groove 25 is curved and extends, the guide pin 26 drives the shaft body 211 to rotate around its own axis in the sliding process along the spiral groove 25, so as to rotate the hooking portion 212 connected to the shaft body 211, switch the position of the hooking portion 212 relative to the lock seat 31, and lock or unlock the battery pack 60.

As shown in fig. 13 and 14, the lock mechanism 40 has a connection passage 32 extending in the vertical direction, and a catch portion 33 provided adjacent to the connection passage 32, the connection passage 32 being used for the hanging portion 212 to move upward in the vertical direction to a position corresponding to the catch portion 33, the hanging portion 212 being locked on the catch portion 33 by rotation. In this embodiment, the coupling portion 212 is coupled to the lock base 31 by the coupling portion 212 and the clamping portion 33 of the lock base 31, so as to lock the battery pack 60 with respect to the battery-powered vehicle 100.

Specifically, the hooking portion 212 moves upward in the connection channel 32 until the hooking portion 212 moves to a position corresponding to the holding portion 33, and then the hooking portion 212 is locked to the holding portion 33 in a rotating manner, so as to lock the T-shaped lock rod 21 on the locking mechanism 40. The hooking portion 212 moves upward in the vertical direction, so that the process of moving the battery pack 60 when the battery pack 60 is disassembled is combined with the vertical locking process of the T-shaped lock rod 21 and the locking mechanism 40, and the locking efficiency is improved.

As shown in fig. 8, the retaining portion 33 is further provided with a first guiding surface 331, where the first guiding surface 331 is disposed obliquely upward from the connecting channel 32, and the first guiding surface 331 can play a guiding role on the hooking portion 212 during the rotation of the hooking portion 212, so as to prevent the hooking portion 212 from interfering with the lock base 31, and improve the reliability of the locking and unlocking process.

In other alternative embodiments, the first guide surface 331 may also be disposed diagonally downward from the connecting channel 32.

As shown in fig. 13, the connecting channel 32 is matched with the shape of the hooking portion 212, so that the locking portion 33 is conveniently arranged on the lock base 31, the contact area between the hooking portion 212 and the locking portion 33 is ensured, and the locking reliability is improved.

The following is a brief description of the locking and unlocking process of the battery pack 60 with the quick-change bracket 20 based on the specific mechanisms of the locking mechanism 40 and the locking member 50 described above.

During the locking process, the nut cover 23 is unlocked and the nut 24 is rotated, and the t-shaped lock lever 21 moves downward by screw-fitting when the nut 24 is rotated. When the T-shaped lock rod 21 moves downward, the guide pin 26 moves downward and drives the T-shaped lock rod 21 to rotate by a certain angle under the cooperation of the spiral groove 25 until the hooking portion 212 of the T-shaped lock rod 21 cooperates with the clamping portion 33 of the lock base 31, and the T-shaped lock rod 21 compresses the clamping portion 33, so that the connection between the battery pack 60 and the battery change vehicle 100 is realized. Finally, the nut 24 is locked by the nut sleeve 23 so as to ensure that the nut 24 cannot be rotated and loosened.

In the unlocking process, the nut 24 is rotated after the nut sleeve 23 is unlocked, and the T-shaped lock rod 21 moves upwards when the nut 24 rotates through threaded engagement. When the T-shaped lock rod 21 moves upward, the guide pin 26 moves upward and drives the T-shaped lock rod 21 to rotate by a certain angle under the cooperation of the spiral groove 25 until the hooking portion 212 of the T-shaped lock rod 21 is staggered with the clamping portion 33 of the lock seat 31, so as to detach the battery pack 60 from the battery exchange vehicle 100, thereby realizing rapid detachment of the battery pack 60.

In this embodiment, the bracket body 2 is provided with a plurality of locking mechanisms 40, and along the length direction of the bracket body 2, the locking mechanisms 40 are at least located at two sides of the bracket body 2 respectively and are arranged at intervals. The locking mechanism 40 is provided at multiple points on both sides of the bracket body 2, so that the connection reliability and stability of the battery pack 60 with respect to the bracket body 2 and the vehicle body longitudinal beam 30 can be improved.

Of course, in other embodiments, the locking mechanism 40 may be disposed on two sides of the bracket body 2 along the width direction of the bracket body 2, and each side of the locking mechanism 40 is disposed at intervals.

In addition, the bracket body 2 realizes the positioning of the battery pack 60 along the X direction and/or the Y direction while the battery pack 60 is hung through the locking mechanism 40 arranged at intervals along the length direction and/or the width direction of the vehicle body longitudinal beam 30, the locking piece 50 vertically arranged on the side surface of the battery pack 60 can reduce the occupation of the transverse space of the battery pack 60 when locking or unlocking, and the size of the battery pack 60 can be correspondingly increased and the cruising ability of the battery-powered vehicle 100 can be increased.

Meanwhile, as shown in fig. 11 and 12, the outer peripheral side of the lock seat 31 may be further provided with a mounting plate, which is a rectangular plate and extends outwards from the lock seat 31 body, and the mounting plate is used for being connected with the lower surface of the bracket body 2, specifically, may be welded with the bracket body 2 through the mounting plate or connected through a bolt assembly, and increases the contact area between the lock seat 31 and the bracket body 2, so as to improve the connection stability of the lock seat 31 connected to the bracket body 2.

In addition, the locking piece 50 is inserted into the lock seat 31 along the vertical direction to be rotationally locked, and the battery pack 60 can be inserted into the locking mechanism 40 through the locking piece 50 and rotated to the locking position by lifting the battery pack 60 to the power conversion height, so that the power conversion operation of the battery pack 60 in the vertical direction is realized, and the power conversion logic of the battery pack 60 in the vertical direction is more met.

In other embodiments, a plurality of latches 50 may also be provided in the middle region of each battery pack 60.

Specifically, compared with the plurality of locking members 50 disposed in the edge region of the battery pack 60, the locking members are further disposed in the middle region of the battery pack 60, so that the number of connection points between the battery pack 60 and the quick-change bracket 20 and the number of connection points between the battery pack 60 and the body longitudinal beam 30 of the electric vehicle 100 can be increased, the center of gravity of the battery pack 60 can be more stable after the battery pack is connected to the quick-change bracket 20, and the stability of the connection between the battery pack 60 and the electric vehicle 100 can be further ensured.

As shown in fig. 4, 5 and 10, in this embodiment, the battery pack 60 is in a rectangular structure, the side portion of the battery pack 60 is in a vertically arranged plate structure, the plurality of T-shaped lock bars 21 are arranged on the outer side of the plate structure along the vertical direction and extend towards the quick-change bracket 20, one end of each T-shaped lock bar 21 is fixedly connected to the side surface of the battery pack 60 through bolts or pins, when the battery pack 60 is required to be mounted on the battery change vehicle 100 in a battery change operation, the battery pack 60 is lifted up by the battery change device along the vertical direction, the locking piece 50 on the battery pack 60 slides into the locking mechanism 40 along the vertical direction, the locking mechanism 40 locks the T-shaped lock bars 21 in the lock seat 31 of the locking mechanism 40, and when the battery pack 60 is required to be removed from the battery change vehicle 100, the T-shaped lock bars 21 are rotated to unlock the T-shaped lock bars 21 from the lock seat 31 of the locking mechanism 40, and the T-shaped lock bars 21 can descend along with the battery change device along the vertical direction and separate from the lock seat 31 to realize smooth battery change.

In addition, the locking position is arranged at the side of the battery pack 60, so that the operable space is larger in the power changing process, and reliable locking and unlocking of the battery pack 60 are also conveniently realized. The locking members 50 may be disposed on both sides of the battery pack 60 in the longitudinal direction, on both sides of the battery pack 60 in the width direction, or both sides of the battery pack 60, and the positions of the locking members may be flexibly set, and may be adjusted according to the actual locking or arrangement manner. In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2-3 and fig. 4-5, the locking members 50 are disposed at both sides of the battery pack 60 in the length direction and the width direction, i.e., the four sides of the battery pack 60 are provided with the locking members 50.

Further, the quick-change bracket 20 comprises a bracket body 2 connected with the vehicle body longitudinal beam 30, a containing groove is formed in a part of the bracket body 2 in a sunken mode and used for allowing the vehicle body longitudinal beam 30 to pass through, the containing groove is attached to the vehicle body longitudinal beam 30, the side part of the vehicle body longitudinal beam 30 is fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the containing groove of the bracket body 2, further shaking of the bracket body 2 along the width direction of the vehicle body longitudinal beam 30 is reduced through the vehicle body longitudinal beam 30, and stability of the bracket body 2 is improved.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, when the locking mechanism 40 is connected to the bracket body 2 through the adapter bracket 1, the adapter bracket 1 extends downward from the bracket body 2 and the locking mechanism 40 is disposed at the lower end of the adapter bracket 1, so as to be matched with the locking piece 50 on the side surface of the battery pack 60, so as to realize that the battery pack 60 is vertically hung on the quick-change bracket 20, in addition, the adapter bracket 1 forms a surrounding frame along the side surface of the battery pack 60, the surrounding frame is of a rectangular structure composed of sectional materials, and has a certain height, and is used for limiting the position of the battery pack 60 in the surrounding frame, so that the limit on the hanging process and the hanging process of the battery pack 60 can be realized, and the end part of the adapter bracket 1 can be conveniently extended to the side surface of the battery pack 60 and matched with the locking piece 50, and a part of the battery pack 60 is located in the surrounding frame after the hanging, that is located in the surrounding frame formed by the adapter bracket 1, that the side surface of the battery pack 60 is limited by the surrounding frame so as to realize the limit on the side surface of the battery pack 60, so as to further improve the stability of the battery pack 60 after the hanging. In other alternative embodiments, the vehicle end locking mechanism 40 may be directly connected to the bracket body 2, in which case the locking mechanism 40 is disposed downward in a vertical direction and cooperates with the locking member 50 on the battery pack 60 to ensure that the battery pack 60 is vertically hung on the quick-change bracket 20 and further vertically connected to the vehicle body 10. In addition, when the locking mechanism 40 is directly connected to the bracket body 2, the quick-change bracket 20 has simpler structure, easy processing and lower cost.

In this embodiment, the adapter bracket 1 and the bracket body 2 are integrally formed, the structural strength between the adapter bracket 1 and the bracket body 2 of the integrally formed adapter bracket is ensured, and then the battery pack 60 with larger weight can be loaded and hung, in addition, under the integrally formed adapter bracket, the assembly between the locking mechanism 40 and the quick-change bracket 20 is more convenient, the locking mechanism 40 can be connected onto the quick-change bracket 20 only by connecting the locking mechanism 40 onto the adapter bracket 1, and the battery pack 60 can be hung and connected with the quick-change bracket 20 by matching the locking piece 50 of the battery pack 60 with the locking mechanism 40.

It can be understood that the adaptor frame 1 limits the position of the battery pack 60 behind the quick-change bracket 20 by forming a surrounding frame, the middle part of the surrounding frame is surrounded by a containing area 3 for surrounding the battery pack 60, when the depth of the containing area 3 is greater than or equal to the thickness of the battery pack 60, the adaptor frame 1 completely surrounds the battery pack 60 in the containing area 3, that is, the battery pack 60 is limited by the adaptor frame 1 along the X direction and the Y direction of the vehicle body longitudinal beam 30, and further, the battery pack 60 is limited to prevent movement after being hung on the quick-change bracket 20; when the depth of the accommodating area 3 is smaller than the thickness of the battery pack 60, a part of the battery pack 60 is surrounded by the accommodating area 3, that is, the part of the battery pack 60 corresponding to the accommodating area 3 is limited by the adapter frame 1 along the X direction and the Y direction of the longitudinal beam 30, the battery pack 60 can be limited, and the connection stability of the battery pack 60 after being hung on the quick-change bracket 20 can be improved.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, in this embodiment, the T-shaped lock rod 21 is disposed on the side surface of the battery pack 60 along the vertical direction, and the top end of the T-shaped lock rod 21 is a certain preset distance from the top surface of the battery pack 60, where the sum of the preset distance and the height of the T-shaped lock rod 21 is the required hanging distance for hanging the battery pack 60 on the quick-change bracket 20, and the distance of the locking mechanism 40 on the corresponding adapter bracket 1 away from the bracket body 2 on the adapter bracket 1 is matched with the hanging distance, so that at this time, the portion of the battery pack 60 in the accommodating area is just matched with the accommodating area, so that the space waste in the vertical direction can be reduced.

In addition, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, in the present embodiment, a buffer mechanism 80 is disposed on the side surface of the battery pack 60 corresponding to the bottom end of the adapter frame 1, the buffer mechanism 80 is disposed below the locking member 50, and the buffer mechanism 80 includes a buffer member that is elastically deformable in the vertical direction. The buffer mechanism 80 may be a rubber buffer member, or may be other materials, such as sponge, which is not described in detail herein. The buffer mechanism 80 is arranged to slow down the impact of the adapter bracket 1 between the adapter bracket and the battery pack 60 and between the vehicle end locking mechanism 40 and the locking piece 50 when the battery pack 60 is hung, in addition, the buffer mechanism 80 can slow down the shaking of the battery pack 60 in the running process of the battery-powered vehicle 100 after the battery pack 60 is hung, so that the reliability and the stability of locking are facilitated. The buffer mechanism 80 is arranged corresponding to the bottom end of the transfer frame 1, and does not occupy extra transverse space. In this embodiment, the buffer mechanism 80 is continuously disposed around a circumference of the side of the battery pack 60, in order not to affect locking or unlocking of the locking mechanism 40, an interference-preventing hole for avoiding interference unlocking is reserved on the buffer mechanism 80, the locking member 50 is sleeved in the interference-preventing hole, and when the battery pack is in a power-exchanging operation, the unlocking mechanism 40 is unlocked, and the lock seat 31 is separated from the interference-preventing hole. In other alternative embodiments, the buffer mechanism 80 may be intermittently disposed, where the intermittently disposed buffer mechanism 80 may be disposed avoiding the locking member 50, and where the intermittently disposed buffer mechanism 80 may be disposed correspondingly avoiding the locking mechanism 40 due to the locking mechanism 40 being disposed opposite the locking member 50 in the vertical direction.

Further, in this embodiment, the battery pack 60 has the battery box 4, the battery box 4 is used for holding the electric core and necessary electric parts placed in it, the T type locking lever 21 is fixed in the side of battery box 4, the battery box 4 still includes setting up in the side and the outside flange 5 that extends of horizontal direction, the bolster setting is in the upper surface of flange 5, flange 5 is used for the tip cooperation with switching frame 1, thereby extrusion bolster plays the cushioning effect, when the battery pack 60 articulates on quick change support 20, the one end that switching frame 1 kept away from support body 2 and the bolster butt of flange 5 upper surface, the top of locking piece 50 stretches out the interference hole, locking mechanism 40 is located on switching frame 1 and is located the tip of switching frame 1 and flange 5 cooperation, in addition, through flange 5 can guarantee the joint height of battery pack 60 and quick change support 20, thereby avoid when articulating battery pack 60, the top direct striking of battery pack 60 fast change support 20's support body 2, avoid battery pack 60 to receive battery pack 60 and support body 2 when electric vehicle 100 is moving, the life of bump, safety and life have been improved.

As shown in fig. 5, in this embodiment, a guiding mechanism 70 is disposed between the adapter bracket 1 and the battery pack 60, the guiding mechanism 70 includes a guiding block and a second guiding surface, one surface of the adapter bracket 1 facing the battery pack 60 forms the second guiding surface for guiding the battery pack 60 to be hung in the vertical direction, and the second guiding surface may be an inclined surface or an arc surface.

In addition, the side of the battery pack 60 is provided with a guide block for acting the same as the second guide surface, the guide block is attached to the side of the battery pack 60 and is located above the buffer mechanism 80, and the guide block is obliquely arranged or arc-shaped near one end of the quick-change bracket 20, so that the transfer bracket 1 is guided to slide to the side of the battery pack 60 through the guide block when the transfer bracket 1 contacts with the battery pack 60, that is, the accommodating area 3 of the transfer bracket 1 surrounds the battery pack 60, so that the battery pack 60 is more smoothly hung.

As shown in fig. 3 and 5, the battery pack 60 has a convex portion extending upward from the side of the vehicle body 10 to protrude from the bottom of the vehicle body 10, and further, the convex portion protrudes upward from the side of the two vehicle body stringers 30, and the convex portion serves to increase the capacity of the battery pack 60, and by extending upward to effectively use the space in the height direction, the internal space of the battery pack 60 is increased, so that more battery cells can be accommodated. In cooperation with the convex portion of the battery pack 60, the bracket body 2 may be provided with a relief hole 11 or a relief cavity in cooperation with the convex portion to relieve or accommodate the convex portion. In this embodiment, the avoidance holes 11 are formed in the bracket body 2 between the two vehicle body longitudinal beams 30, and the battery packs 60 on both sides of the vehicle body longitudinal beams 30 can be protected by upwardly arching the bracket body 2 on the bracket body 2 outside the two vehicle body longitudinal beams 30, thereby forming the avoidance cavity. In this embodiment, the bracket body 2 is provided with the avoidance hole 11 and the avoidance cavity corresponding to the protruding portion so as to avoid possible interference between the bracket body 2 and the battery pack 60.

The electric core of battery package 60 is located battery case 4, the battery capacity of battery package 60 is increased to the bellying, and then the range of trading electric vehicle 100 has been promoted, the range increase can reduce trading electric times of trading electric vehicle 100 to a certain extent, and the effectual utilization ratio that trades electric vehicle 100 that has improved, and compare in the holding tank that support body 2 formed and laminate with automobile body longeron 30 through the holding tank, the holding tank is used for dodging automobile body longeron 30, the corresponding bellying that will form for the capacity that improves battery package 60 when dodging automobile body longeron 30 of battery package 60, the bellying forms in the outside of two automobile body longerons 30 and between two automobile body longerons 30, in order to guarantee the capacity of battery package 60 and avoid battery package 60 to articulate body 2 butt, support body 2 outwards extends in the outside of two automobile body longerons 30 along the horizontal direction, under the general circumstances, the top height of support body 2 is not higher than automobile body longeron 30, in order to avoid causing the operation interference to the automobile parts above automobile body longeron 30.

As shown in fig. 4 and 8, in this embodiment, the top of the battery pack 60 is provided with the battery end electrical connector 12, the interface of the battery end electrical connector 12 is disposed downward, the corresponding position of the bracket body 2 is provided with the vehicle end electrical connector 13, and the interface of the vehicle end electrical connector 13 is disposed upward, so as to realize that the battery end electrical connector 12 and the vehicle end electrical connector 13 are connected in a plugging manner in the vertical direction, and the battery pack 60 is connected in a vertical manner, and meanwhile, the battery pack 60 is connected in an electrical manner without a complex mechanical structure, so that the electrical connection is more reliable, and the electricity conversion efficiency is improved.

In addition, this structure can replace the phenomenon of loose connection and bad contact caused by shaking generated when the electric connector is arranged along the horizontal direction during the starting or sudden braking of the electric vehicle 100.

Further, the floating structure can be arranged on the battery end electric connector 12 and/or the vehicle end electric connector 13, so that smooth connection is ensured, the influence of shaking of a part of battery pack on electric connection can be counteracted, the condition that the interface of the battery end electric connector 12 of the battery pack 60 is disconnected with the interface of the vehicle end electric connector 13 due to jolt of the vehicle 100 during running is avoided, the power supply efficiency of the battery pack 60 and the use experience of the vehicle 100 are improved, the elastic piece can be a spring, the interface channel can be a rubber-wrapped adapter, which is in the prior art, and redundant description is omitted.

In this embodiment, the electric vehicle 100 is an electric truck, particularly a heavy truck or a light truck, and because the battery pack of the electric truck is large and heavy, the electric truck is more complicated and complex when connected with the body rail 30 of the electric truck, so that the required power exchanging space is larger in the power exchanging process, and the torque of the electric truck is larger when the electric truck twists itself due to loading of goods, that is, the influence on the battery pack 60 is larger. Therefore, the battery pack 60 is hung vertically to reduce the power exchanging steps, simplify the power exchanging mode to improve the power exchanging efficiency, and effectively improve the connection stability of the battery pack 60 through the quick-change bracket 20. Of course, the present invention can be applied to a vehicle type of a passenger car such as a car.

The locking mechanism 40 in the present embodiment is not limited to the locking mechanism 40 with the lock base 31 mentioned in the above embodiments, but may be any other locking mechanism capable of achieving vertical (straight up and down) hooking of the battery pack 60 to the battery-powered vehicle 100, such as a bolt locking mechanism, a bead-expanding locking mechanism, a hook locking mechanism, and the like.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the overall structure of the electric vehicle of the present embodiment is basically the same as that of embodiment 1, except that the adaptor bracket 1 of the present embodiment is detachably connected to the bracket body 2.

Specifically, the changeover frame 1 is a rectangular enclosure frame formed by splicing plates, adjacent plates are connected in the vertical direction through connecting pieces to form the rectangular enclosure frame, the enclosure frame is connected to the edge of the bracket body 2, the connecting pieces can be screws, threaded holes and mounting holes are formed in the corresponding plates, a mortise and tenon structure can be selected, the plates are connected and form the enclosure frame, the changeover frame is matched with the bracket body 2 to form a containing area 3, the battery pack 60 is limited along the X direction and the Y direction of the longitudinal beam 30 through the enclosure frame, the changeover frame 1 can be detachably connected, the processing precision can be conveniently improved when the plates are correspondingly and independently processed, the precision of the independent plates is improved, the precision of the enclosure frame is improved, that is to say, the precision of the changeover frame 1 is correspondingly improved, and the changeover frame can be more smoothly connected with the battery pack 60 in a hanging mode. The end part, close to the battery pack 60, on the plate is provided with the locking mechanism 40, so that the battery pack 60 and the quick-change bracket 20 are smoothly hung, the connection stability after the hanging is guaranteed, the battery pack 60 is limited through the switching frame 1, the battery pack 60 is limited by additionally arranging a limiting piece, the cost of the battery-powered vehicle 100 is reduced, and the battery-powered vehicle has certain economical efficiency.

Example 3

As shown in fig. 9, the overall structure of the battery-powered vehicle 100 of the present embodiment is basically the same as that of embodiment 1, except that the locking member 50 of the present embodiment is disposed corresponding to the top surface of the battery pack 60 with respect to the adapter bracket 1 such that the locking position is located on the top surface of the battery pack 60.

In this embodiment, when the locking member 50 is disposed on the top surface of the battery pack 60, the T-shaped locking rod 21 of the locking member 50 may be disposed in a groove formed on the top surface of the battery pack 60 and cooperate with the locking seat 31 of the locking mechanism 40 extending into the groove to realize that the battery pack 60 is connected to the adapter rack 1 in a T-shaped rotation locking manner, for example, the T-shaped locking rod 21 is vertically disposed at a position where the top edge of the battery pack 60 extends inward by a predetermined distance, and the locking position of the locking mechanism 40 and the locking member 50 is located on the top surface of the battery pack 60, so that the width of the battery pack 60 is not increased due to the locking member 50, the lateral space of the battery pack 60 is released, and the size of the quick-change bracket 20 is reduced, that is, the manufacturing cost of the electric vehicle 100 is reduced, and the size control of the quick-change bracket 20 and the battery pack 60 is facilitated. In addition, the distance between the locking members 50 is smaller due to the above structure, so that the positioning accuracy of the quick-change bracket 20 is improved when the quick-change bracket 20 is processed, the connection accuracy of the battery pack 60 is easier to ensure, the smooth connection of the battery pack 60 is more facilitated, and the power conversion efficiency is improved. In other alternative embodiments, the T-shaped locking bar 21 may be positioned higher than the top surface of the battery pack 60 and engaged with the locking mechanism 40.

The plurality of locking mechanisms 40 are connected to both sides of the quick-change bracket 20 in the X direction, and the locking mechanisms 40 can be provided in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body side member 30, so that the locking is more reliable.

In this embodiment, the width of the bracket body 2 is smaller than the width of the battery pack 60, and the bracket body 2 limits the width direction (i.e., the Y direction) of the battery pack 60 through the switching frame 1 and the locking mechanism 40 connected to the switching frame 1, so that the size of the switching frame 1 is reduced, and under the condition of ensuring the stability of the connection of the battery pack 60, the material is saved, and the connection is smoother.

In addition, in this embodiment, the adapter bracket 1 is detachably connected to the bracket body 2, so that the processing steps and processing cost of the bracket body 2 can be simplified, the processing difficulty of the bracket body 2 is reduced, and the T-shaped lock rod 21 is connected to the bracket body 2 through the adapter bracket 1, so as to increase the contact area between the locking piece 50 and the bracket body 2, improve the reliability and safety of the connection between the locking piece 50 and the bracket body 2, and the corresponding lock seat 31 is arranged in the groove of the battery pack 60, and the battery pack 60 is connected to the adapter bracket 1 in a T-shaped rotary locking manner by matching the T-shaped lock rod 21 with the lock seat 31, so that the installation time of the battery pack 60 is saved, and the operation cost of installing or dismantling the battery pack 60 is reduced.

Example 4

The overall structure of the electric vehicle of the present embodiment is basically the same as that of embodiment 1, except for the difference.

Specifically, the quick-change bracket 20 is formed with a plurality of accommodating areas with downward openings, each accommodating area is provided with a plurality of locking mechanisms 40, each accommodating area is used for accommodating the battery pack 60 vertically, and the plurality of locking mechanisms 40 are used for locking and unlocking the battery pack 60 in each accommodating area relative to the quick-change bracket 20 in a T-shaped rotary locking mode.

The plurality of lock mechanisms 40 are provided in an edge region of the accommodation region in the vehicle body longitudinal direction and/or the width direction of the electric vehicle 100.

The locking mechanism 40 is disposed in an edge area of the accommodating area along the length direction of the vehicle body, the accommodating area accommodates the battery pack 60 and limits the battery pack 60 along the direction through the locking mechanism 40 disposed along the length direction of the vehicle body, and similarly, the locking mechanism 40 is disposed in the edge area of the accommodating area along the width direction of the vehicle body so as to limit the position of the battery pack 60 along the direction when the battery pack 60 is hung, and the connection stability of the battery pack is improved while the limiting piece is omitted.

Further, the quick-change bracket 20 in this embodiment is formed by fixedly connecting a plurality of cross beams and a plurality of longitudinal beams on the same plane, the cross beams and the longitudinal beams enclose a rectangular frame, the rectangular frame is supported by the staggered arrangement of the shorter cross beams and the longitudinal beams in the rectangular frame, and the stability of the quick-change bracket 20 is improved. The locking mechanisms 40 are fixedly arranged on any side surface of the cross beam or the longitudinal beam, and can be the inner side of a rectangular frame, the side part of the shorter cross beam or the longitudinal beam, or the side part of the joint of the shorter cross beam and the longitudinal beam. Through the side setting of locking mechanism 40 along crossbeam or longeron, locking mechanism 40 is used for along vertical setting with locking piece 50 complex tip to make the locking direction of T type rotatory locking mode and change the high direction of electric vehicle 100 and accord with more and change electric logic.

Of course, a plurality of locking mechanisms 40 may also be provided in the middle region of the receiving area. That is, the locking mechanism 40 is located at the side portion of the junction between the shorter cross beam and the longitudinal beam in the rectangular frame, when the locking mechanism 40 located in the middle area is multiple, the locking mechanisms 40 are distributed and arranged along the length direction or the width direction of the vehicle body, and the locking mechanism 40 or the locking piece 50 is arranged at the edge of the battery pack 60 in the same way, and the locking mechanism 40 is arranged in the middle area of the accommodating area along the length direction or the width direction of the vehicle body, so that the middle area of the battery pack 60 can be limited along the length direction or the width direction of the vehicle body after being connected with the quick-change bracket 20, and the positioning precision of the battery pack 60 and the stability of the battery pack 60 after being connected are improved.

While specific embodiments of the invention have been described above, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that this is by way of example only, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims. Various changes and modifications to these embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, but such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A battery-powered vehicle, comprising:

The vehicle body is provided with a plurality of wheels,

a quick-change bracket connected with the vehicle body,

2. The battery powered vehicle of claim 1, wherein the locking mechanism includes a lock base and the locking member includes a T-shaped lock lever including a shaft body and at least one hitching section extending outwardly from one end of the shaft body, the locking member being rotationally locked in a locked position of the lock base by the hitching section.

3. The battery exchange vehicle of claim 2, wherein the locking member includes two of the hitching sections, the hitching sections extending in opposite directions from one end of the axle body, respectively.

4. The battery exchange vehicle of claim 2, wherein the locking member includes three of the hitching sections extending in different directions from one end of the axle body, respectively, with an included angle therebetween.

5. The battery exchange vehicle of claim 2, wherein the locking member further comprises a locking portion provided at the other end of the shaft body, the locking portion being configured to restrict rotation of the hooking portion relative to the lock base when the hooking portion is located at the locked position of the lock base.

6. The battery-powered vehicle of claim 5, wherein the anti-loosening portion is configured to limit rotation of the hooking portion relative to the lock base by one of a ratchet pawl, a bead, a snap fit, and a mesh.

7. The battery exchange vehicle of claim 2, wherein the locking member further comprises a base, and the T-shaped locking bar is disposed in the base and is vertically liftable or rotatable relative to the base.

8. The battery exchange vehicle of claim 7, wherein the base comprises an outer base and an inner holder, the inner holder and the outer base being threadably connected, the inner holder having a locking slot formed therein;

9. The battery changing vehicle according to claim 2, wherein the T-shaped lock lever is further provided with a driving portion for driving the hitching portion to rise and fall or rotate in a vertical direction under the action of an external driving mechanism.

10. The battery-powered vehicle according to claim 2, wherein the lock base has a connection passage extending in a vertical direction, and a catch portion provided adjacent to the connection passage, the connection passage being configured to allow the hitching portion to move upward in the vertical direction to a position corresponding to the catch portion, the hitching portion being locked to the catch portion by rotation, so that the locking member is locked to a locking position of the lock base by rotation of the hitching portion.

11. The battery exchange vehicle of claim 10, wherein the retaining portion is further provided with a first guide surface disposed obliquely upward or downward from the connection channel.

12. The battery exchange vehicle of claim 10, wherein the connecting channel matches the shape of the hitch portion.

13. The battery exchange vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein a plurality of the locking pieces are provided in at least an edge region of the battery pack, and a plurality of the locking pieces are provided in an edge region of the battery pack in a vehicle body length direction and/or a width direction of the battery exchange vehicle to lock or unlock the battery pack to a bottom of the battery exchange vehicle.

14. The battery-powered vehicle of claim 13, wherein a plurality of said locking members are further disposed in a central region of each of said battery packs.

15. The battery-powered vehicle of claim 14, wherein when there are a plurality of the locking members located in the intermediate region, the plurality of locking members are disposed so as to be distributed in the longitudinal direction or the width direction of the vehicle body.

16. The battery exchange vehicle of claim 15, wherein the locking member located in the middle area is connected to a bottom portion of the battery exchange vehicle by being connected in a height direction of the battery exchange vehicle.

17. The battery exchange vehicle of any of claims 1-12, wherein a plurality of the locking members are disposed on a side surface of the battery pack or a plurality of the locking members are disposed on a top surface of the battery pack.

18. The battery exchange vehicle as claimed in claim 17, wherein the quick-change bracket is fixedly arranged on a beam of a vehicle body of the battery exchange vehicle, the quick-change bracket is formed with accommodating areas with downward openings, and each accommodating area is internally provided with a plurality of locking mechanisms so as to realize locking and unlocking of the battery pack in the accommodating area relative to the quick-change bracket in a T-shaped rotary locking mode.

19. The electric vehicle as claimed in claim 18, characterized in that: the quick-change bracket comprises a bracket body connected with a vehicle body, wherein a plurality of locking mechanisms are directly connected with the bracket body or connected with the bracket body through a transfer bracket, the transfer bracket extends downwards from the bracket body, and the transfer bracket and the bracket body are of an integrated structure or the transfer bracket is detachably connected with the bracket body;

20. The battery exchange vehicle of claim 19, wherein the adapter bracket forms the receiving area for enclosing the battery pack, at least a portion of the battery being enclosed in the receiving area in a vertical direction.

21. The battery exchange vehicle of claim 20, wherein the locking member is disposed on a side of the battery pack, the locking member being spaced a predetermined distance from a top surface of the battery pack;

22. The battery exchange vehicle of claim 20, wherein a guide mechanism is disposed between the adapter frame and the battery pack, the guide mechanism including a guide block and a second guide surface, the guide block being disposed on a side surface of the battery pack, the adapter frame being formed with the second guide surface toward a side surface of the battery pack.

23. The battery changing vehicle according to claim 21, wherein a side surface of the battery pack is provided with a buffer mechanism corresponding to a bottom end of the adapter bracket, the buffer mechanism being disposed below the locking member, the buffer mechanism including a buffer member elastically deformable in a vertical direction.

24. The battery exchange vehicle of claim 19, wherein the bottom end of the adapter bracket is directed toward the top surface of the battery pack, and wherein the adapter bracket is disposed in correspondence with the locking member disposed on the top surface of the battery pack.

25. The battery exchange vehicle of claim 19, wherein a plurality of the locking mechanisms are provided in an edge region of the battery pack accommodating region in a vehicle body length direction and/or a width direction of the battery exchange vehicle.

26. The battery exchange vehicle of claim 25, wherein a plurality of said locking mechanisms are further disposed in a middle region of said battery pack receiving area.

27. The battery powered vehicle of claim 26, wherein when there are a plurality of locking mechanisms located in the intermediate region, the plurality of locking mechanisms are distributed along the length direction or the width direction of the vehicle body.

28. The battery powered vehicle of claim 19, wherein the battery pack has a boss extending upwardly from the side of the vehicle body and protruding from the bottom of the vehicle body, and the bracket body has a relief aperture or cavity that mates with the boss.

29. A battery exchange vehicle according to claim 28 wherein the vehicle body includes two side-by-side and spaced apart vehicle beams, the bosses being formed outboard of and/or between the two vehicle beams.

30. The battery exchange vehicle of claim 19, wherein the top of the battery pack is provided with a battery end electrical connector, the corresponding position of the bracket body is provided with a vehicle end electrical connector, and the battery end electrical connector is in plug connection with the vehicle end electrical connector in the vertical direction.

31. The battery-powered vehicle of claim 1, wherein the battery-powered vehicle is an electric truck.