CN116380542A - Deep sea sediment sampling device - Google Patents
Deep sea sediment sampling device Download PDFInfo
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- CN116380542A CN116380542A CN202310247313.6A CN202310247313A CN116380542A CN 116380542 A CN116380542 A CN 116380542A CN 202310247313 A CN202310247313 A CN 202310247313A CN 116380542 A CN116380542 A CN 116380542A
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- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 217
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims description 70
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- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002146 bilateral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/04—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
- G01N2001/1006—Dispersed solids
- G01N2001/1012—Suspensions
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y02A90/30—Assessment of water resources
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Abstract
The invention discloses a deep sea sediment sampling device which comprises a frame body, a sampling box, two sampling hoppers, two cross rods, supporting pipes, a speed-up structure and a speed-up locking structure, wherein the sampling box is arranged on the frame body and can vertically slide; when the cross rod translates downwards relative to the support tube, the locking state of the accelerating structure by the accelerating locking structure can be released, and the accelerating structure which is released is used for accelerating the downward sliding speed of the sampling box along the frame body and inserting the sampling box into the seabed sediment layer; the two sampling hoppers can be opened and closed for opening the bottom opening of the sampling tank before the sampling tank is inserted into the seabed sediment layer and closing the bottom opening of the sampling tank after the sampling tank is inserted into the sediment layer. The invention has the beneficial effect of reducing the influence of the texture of the deposition layer at the bottom of the sea during sampling.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a sampling device, in particular to a deep sea sediment sampling device.
Background
As the development depth of ocean resources is continuously expanded, sampling research of deep ocean resources, particularly deep ocean seafloor sediments, is an important component of ocean resource exploration. The more traditional sampling mode is to connect a cable on a sampling device, throw the sampling device into the sea for sinking to the sea bottom, continuously pull up the cable through a shipborne cable winch, trigger a sampling mechanism in the sampling device to take a sample into the sampling device, pull the sampling device to the sea surface, and discharge the sampling device and take out the sample by a worker. However, the more conventional sampling device has the following drawbacks: the method is limited by complicated and changeable ocean currents in the ocean and difficult to predict, and the state stability of the sampling device in the ocean bottom has a large uncertainty factor, so that the normal sampling work of the sampling device is influenced; the variety of the seabed sediment layers is various, when the sampling device is used for the seabed sediment layers with harder textures, the difficulty of sampling work is high, and the conditions of small sampling amount and even sampling failure are easy to occur; in addition, based on the complex and changeable ocean currents and the working stability of the shipborne cable winch in the upward pulling process, the sampling device often has the condition of sample loss, so that the actual sampling amount is small, and the problem of inefficiency caused by the need of increasing the sampling times is solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a deep sea sediment sampling device which can reduce the influence of the texture of a sediment layer at the bottom of the sea during sampling.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
A deep sea sediment sampling device comprises a frame body, a sampling box which is arranged on the frame body and can slide vertically, two sampling hoppers which are symmetrical left and right relative to the sampling box, two cross rods which are respectively connected with two sides of the frame body, a support pipe which extends vertically and is arranged on the cross rods, a speed-up structure which is arranged on the frame body, and a speed-up locking structure which locks the speed-up structure; the bottom of the sampling box is provided with an opening; the cross rod is movably connected with the support tube, and can vertically translate in a limited way relative to the support tube; when the cross rod translates downwards relative to the support tube, the locking state of the accelerating structure by the accelerating locking structure can be released, and the accelerating structure which is released from the locking is used for accelerating the downward sliding speed of the sampling box along the frame body and inserting the sampling box into a seabed sediment layer; the two sampling hoppers can be opened and closed, and are used for opening the bottom opening of the sampling box before the sampling box is inserted into the seabed sediment layer and closing the bottom opening of the sampling box after the sampling box is inserted into the sediment layer.
As a further development of the invention, the frame body has a transverse beam above the sampling box; the speed-up structure comprises a mounting frame arranged on the cross beam, a bedplate connected to two sides of the mounting frame and horizontally arranged, a speed-up guide column vertically penetrating through the bedplate, and a speed-up elastic piece supported at the bottom of the bedplate and the bottom end of the speed-up guide column; the speed-up locking structure comprises a bolt, a rope, a locking bolt and a supporting pipe, wherein the bolt transversely penetrates through the speed-up guide post and is supported at the top of the bedplate; when the bolt penetrates through the speed-increasing guide post, the speed-increasing elastic piece is in a compressed state. The cable may be gradually tensioned and the bolt withdrawn from the accelerating guide post as the cross bar translates downward relative to the support tube.
As a further improvement of the invention, the bottom end of the speed-increasing guide post is provided with an impact piece, and the impact piece is used for impacting the top of the sampling box downwards after the bolt is pulled out of the speed-increasing guide post.
As a further development of the invention, the bottom of the striker is provided with an elastic protection pad.
As a further improvement of the invention, the frame body is also provided with two guide rail plates which extend vertically and are respectively in sliding fit with the left side surface and the right side surface of the sampling box; the two ends of the cross beam are respectively connected with the top ends of the two guide rail plates.
As a further improvement of the invention, the guide rail plate is provided with a positioning snap with an arc-shaped head, the left side surface and the right side surface of the sampling box are provided with positioning holes, and the positioning snap is embedded into the positioning holes.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the deep sea sediment sampling device further comprises two link assemblies, a pulling assembly, a cable connecting the pulling assembly and assembled to the on-board cable cutter, which are respectively provided on the front and rear sides of the sampling tank; the connecting rod assembly comprises two groups of upper connecting rods and lower connecting rods which are bilaterally symmetrical, the bottom ends of the upper connecting rods are rotationally connected with the top ends of the lower connecting rods, the top ends of the two upper connecting rods are rotationally connected with the lifting assembly together, the two lower connecting rods are provided with rotating fulcrums which are rotationally connected with the side walls of the sampling box together, and the bottom ends of the two lower connecting rods are respectively connected with the two sampling hoppers.
As a further improvement of the invention, the bottom plates of the two sampling hoppers are respectively provided with a first bucket tooth and a second bucket tooth which are arranged at intervals and are used for breaking the seabed sediment layer; the first bucket teeth and the second bucket teeth are in one-to-one correspondence and staggered, and are mutually jointed when the two sampling buckets are closed so as to seal the opening at the bottom of the sampling box; the side that first bucket tooth is close to the second bucket tooth is equipped with the bucket tooth and buckles, the side that the second bucket tooth is close to first bucket tooth is equipped with the bucket tooth shrinkage pool that corresponds with the bucket tooth is buckled, two sampling hoppers are closed the bucket tooth is buckled and is embedded in the bucket tooth shrinkage pool that corresponds.
As a further improvement of the invention, the supporting tube is inserted with an anchoring rod which can extend downwards; a plurality of locking buckles with arc heads are arranged on the outer wall of the anchoring rod, and locking holes embedded by the locking buckles are arranged on the wall of the supporting tube; a vertically extending movable groove is formed in the pipe wall of the supporting pipe, the cross rod penetrates into the supporting pipe from the movable groove, and a first anchoring elastic piece is supported between the cross rod and the top end of the anchoring rod; when the cross rod translates downwards relative to the support tube, the first anchoring elastic element is in a compressed state, the compression amplitude is gradually increased, and when the elastic force exerted by the first anchoring elastic element on the top end of the anchoring rod is increased to a threshold value, the locking elastic element can be enabled to be separated from the locking hole.
As a further improvement of the invention, an anchor-throwing guide groove is arranged on the pipe wall of the supporting pipe below the locking hole; the anchor guiding groove extends along a vertical spiral; the locking elastic buckle can be embedded into the corresponding anchor guiding groove after being separated from the locking hole.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the deep sea sediment sampling device is provided with the accelerating structure, and can release the locking state of the accelerating structure by the accelerating locking structure through the dead weight effect after the deep sea sediment sampling device is positioned on a seabed sediment layer, so that the accelerating structure can accelerate the downward sliding speed of the sampling box, has higher kinetic energy to be inserted into the seabed sediment layer and sample, can adapt to the seabed sediment layer with harder texture, avoids the condition of sampling failure, and improves the sampling quantity.
Drawings
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings, to facilitate understanding of the objects and advantages of the present invention, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a deep sea sediment sampling apparatus;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged partial schematic view of portion A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view in partial cross-section of portion B of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of a first tooth and a second tooth;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view in partial cross-section of portion C of FIG. 1;
fig. 6 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of portion D of fig. 1.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and the examples.
The terms of orientation such as up, down, left, right, front, rear, front, back, top, bottom, etc. mentioned or possible in this specification are defined with respect to the configurations shown in the drawings, and the terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the relative concepts of the terms toward or away from the geometric center of a particular component, respectively, and thus may be changed accordingly depending on the location and use state of the component. These and other directional terms should not be construed as limiting terms.
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, a deep sea sediment sampling apparatus includes a frame body, a sampling tank 1, two sampling hoppers 2, two crossbars 31, two support pipes 41, a link assembly, a lifting assembly 51, and a cable 52.
The sampling box 1 is provided with four sides, namely front side, back side, left side and right side, the bottom of the sampling box is provided with an opening, the top of the sampling box is closed, and the sampling box 1 is slidably assembled on the frame body and can slide downwards along the frame body. Two cross bars 31 are respectively connected to the left and right sides of the frame body, two support tubes 41 extend vertically and are respectively arranged on the two cross bars 31, and the support tubes 41 can translate vertically relative to the support tubes 41 and translate vertically in a limited manner. Two sampling bucket 2 sets up with respect to sampling box 1 bilateral symmetry, link assembly sets up on sampling box 1 and connects two sampling buckets 2, the 51 swing joint of pulling subassembly link assembly, pulling subassembly 51 is upwards removed then accessible link assembly opens two sampling buckets 2 for sampling box 1, makes the opening of sampling box 1 bottom open, then can be closed two sampling buckets 2 through link assembly for sampling box 1 moves down, makes the opening of sampling box 1 bottom closed. The cable 52 is mounted at one end to an on-board winch (not shown) and at the other end to a pulling assembly 51.
When the deep-sea sediment sampling device of the embodiment is used for sampling the deep-sea sediment, the deep-sea sediment sampling device is firstly put into the sea and continuously sunk, and the shipboard winch is in a stop state, so that the cable 52 is in a loose state in the sinking process of the shipboard winch. When the deep sea sediment sampling device reaches the seabed sediment layer, the bottom ends of the two supporting pipes 41 are firstly supported on the seabed sediment layer, at the moment, the cross rod 31 translates downwards relative to the supporting pipes 41 under the action of dead weight, the cross rod 31 stops moving after translating to the lower stop position, then the sampling box 1 is inserted into the seabed sediment layer under the action of dead weight, at the moment, the shipborne winch is started, the cable 52 is gradually tightened and tensioned upwards, the lifting assembly 51 is pulled upwards under the action of the cable 52, so that the two sampling hoppers 2 are gradually closed by the open state, the seabed sediment layer is broken by the sampling hoppers 2 in the closing process, the opening at the bottom of the sampling box 1 is closed when the two sampling hoppers 2 are closed, deep sea sediment is contained in the sampling box 1, then under the action of the upper pulling of the cable 52, the whole deep sea sediment sampling device is pulled up to the sea surface, workers lift the deep sea sediment sampling device, and the deep sea sediment sample obtained in the sampling box 1 is moved into a professional collecting device for detection study.
In this embodiment, the deep sea sediment sampling device further includes a speed-raising structure disposed on the frame body, and a speed-raising locking structure for locking the speed-raising structure. When the bottom end of the support tube 41 is first supported on the seabed sediment layer and the cross bar 31 translates downward relative to the support tube 41 under the action of its own weight, the support tube 41 can release the state that the accelerating structure is locked by the accelerating locking structure, and the accelerating structure is used for accelerating the downward sliding speed of the sampling box 1 along the frame body and inserting into the seabed sediment layer.
First, the seafloor sedimentary layer is composed of turbidity current sedimentary, ice formation sedimentary, biological sedimentary, volcanic sedimentary, autogenous sedimentary, brown clay, and the like. The soil conditions in different sea areas and the biological distribution categories in different sea areas lead to different conditions of the seabed sediment layer, in particular to different hardness of the seabed sediment layer. The depth of the sampling box 1 inserted into the seabed sediment layer determines the sampling amount, when the seabed sediment layer with soft or loose texture is to be processed, the sampling box 1 can be inserted into the seabed sediment layer by relying on self weight, however, when the seabed sediment layer with hard texture and the like which is difficult to break is to be processed, the insertion depth of the sampling box 1 is limited, so that the sampling amount is small, and even the sampling failure is caused by the fact that the seabed sediment layer cannot be effectively inserted. Secondly, the usual sampling tanks 1 will be provided with weights to increase the deadweight effect by increasing the mass, which however results in a large overall weight of the deep sea sediment sampling device, making it laborious and inconvenient for the personnel to put it into the sea or retrieve it from the sea surface on the vessel. Therefore, in this embodiment, through setting up the extraction structure on the support body, the acceleration structure is in silence period by the lock in the stage of sinking, takes sample case 1 to need just to be released the dead state by the locking structure of acceleration when inserting the seabed sedimentary deposit, under the effect of the extraction structure after activating, sample case 1 can accelerate the speed of sliding down along the support body, has higher kinetic energy in cooperation with the dead weight, can insert smoothly when coping with the seabed sedimentary deposit that the texture is harder, avoids the sample failure, can increase the degree of depth of inserting when coping with the seabed sedimentary deposit that the texture is softer, improves the sample volume. In addition, on the premise of being provided with a speed increasing structure, the sampling box 1 does not need to be assembled with a counterweight, so that the whole weight is reduced, and the operation of staff is facilitated.
In this embodiment, the frame body includes two guide rail plates 32 and a cross beam 33. Two the guide rail vertical extension, laminating about sample case 1 two sides and with sliding fit, make sample case 1 can be followed guide rail board 32 downwardly sliding can set up vertical extension and sliding fit's draw-in groove and card strip on two sides about guide rail board 32 and sample case 1, crossbeam 33 is located the top of sample case 1, more specifically, crossbeam 33 can paste in the top of sample case 1, the top of two guide rail boards 32 is connected respectively to both ends about crossbeam 33. The whole structure of the frame body realizes the function that the sampling box 1 can slide downwards along the frame body in the simplest way, and occupies small volume. The speed increasing structure is arranged on the cross beam 33 and comprises a mounting frame 61, two bedplate plates 62, two speed increasing guide posts 63 and two speed increasing elastic pieces 64. Wherein, two said platens 62 are horizontally arranged and connected to the left and right sides of the mounting frame 61, two speed-up guide posts 63 vertically penetrate the corresponding platens 62, respectively, and can slide up and down with respect to the platens 62, and the speed-up elastic member 64 is supported between the bottom of the platens 62 and the bottom ends of the speed-up guide posts 63. The speed-increasing locking structure comprises a bolt 65 and a rope 66, wherein the bolt 65 transversely penetrates through the speed-increasing guide post 63 and is supported on the top of the bedplate 62, one end of the rope 66 is connected with the top end of the supporting tube 41, and the other end of the rope 66 is connected with the bolt 65. When the deep sea sediment sampling device is submerged, the latch 65 penetrates the accelerating guide post 63, the accelerating elastic member 64 is in a compressed state, and the bottom end of the accelerating guide post 63 is spaced from one end of the top of the sampling tank 1, at this time, the accelerating structure is locked, i.e., in a silence period, and the rope 66 is also in a loose state, so that the latch 65 remains penetrating the accelerating guide post 63 and cannot be released. After the support tube 41 is supported on the seabed sediment layer, the cross bar 31 translates downwards relative to the support tube 41, so that the support tube 41 moves upwards relative to the frame body, the rope 66 is gradually pulled by the loose state, and the bolt 65 is pulled, and finally pulled out of the speed-increasing guide post 63. After the latch 65 is pulled out, the accelerating elastic member 64 is released from the compressed state, so that the accelerating structure is activated, the accelerating elastic member 64 generates downward elastic force on the accelerating guide post 63, the accelerating guide post 63 rapidly moves downward, the bottom end of the accelerating elastic member impacts the top of the sampling box 1, and higher kinetic energy is generated by matching with the self-weight effect of the accelerating elastic member, so that the accelerating elastic member can be rapidly inserted into a seabed sediment layer. In this embodiment, the accelerating elastic member 64 is a compression spring, which is sleeved outside the accelerating guide post 63, a horizontal convex disc is disposed at the bottom of the accelerating guide post 63, and the top and bottom ends of the accelerating elastic member 64 are respectively supported at the bottom of the platen 62 and the top of the convex disc.
In this embodiment, the acceleration structure is a laterally symmetrical structure, so that the impact of the acceleration structure on the sampling box 1 is balanced laterally, so as to avoid the occurrence of direction deflection when the sampling box 1 slides rapidly downward.
In this embodiment, the bottom end of the accelerating guide post 63 is provided with a striking member 67, and after the latch 65 is pulled out from the accelerating guide post 63, the striking member 67 is used to strike the top of the sampling box 1 downward. The striking piece 67 is a block or disc structure, the cross section of the striking piece is larger than the accelerating guide post 63, on one hand, the direct striking of the accelerating guide post 63 and the top of the sampling box 1 is avoided, the damage degree is reduced, and on the other hand, the stress area of the sampling box 1 is increased, so that the damage condition such as the sinking of the top of the sampling box 1 is avoided.
Still further, the bottom of striking piece 67 is provided with the elastic protection pad 68, and the elastic protection pad 68 can use the rubber material for striking piece 67 plays the elastic buffering effect when striking sampling case 1 top, further reduces the striking damage of both, increase of service life.
In this embodiment, the two sampling hoppers 2 will receive resistance in the sinking process, so that the two sampling hoppers 2 are kept in an open state, when the two sampling hoppers 2 are respectively located at the outer sides of the left side and the right side of the sampling box 1, and the top of the sampling box 1 is further arranged at the top of the sampling box 1, so that the contact area between the sampling box 1 and seawater in the vertical direction is far greater than that of the frame body, and therefore the resistance received by the sampling box 1 is far greater than that of the frame body under normal conditions, the top of the sampling box 1 is naturally clung to the cross beam 33 of the frame body and cannot slide downwards relative to the frame body, however, ocean current conditions in the ocean are complex and changeable and difficult to estimate, in order to avoid the sinking stage, the sampling box 1 slides downwards along the guide rail plate 32, positioning buckles 321 with circular arc surfaces are arranged on the guide rail plate 32, and positioning holes 11 are arranged on the left side and the right side of the sampling box 1, and the positioning buckles 321 are embedded in the positioning holes 11, so that the sampling box 1 is temporarily locked on the guide rail plate 32. Because the head of the positioning buckle 321 is an arc surface, the positioning buckle 321 can retract rapidly and be separated from the positioning hole 11 under the impact action of the accelerating structure, so that the sampling box 1 can slide downwards along the guide rail plate 32 smoothly. In addition, the elasticity of the positioning buckle 321 can be properly weakened, so that on one hand, the sampling box 1 cannot slide downwards relative to the guide rail plate 32 in the sinking stage under normal conditions, and on the other hand, the resistance generated by the positioning buckle 321 can be reduced in the downward moving process of the sampling box 1.
The deep sea sediment sampling device is used for completing sampling and the cable 52 is kept in a tensioned state all the time in the process of being pulled up by the cable 52, but if the operation of the shipboard winch is unstable, the cable 52 is pulled up to be fluctuated, and the condition of ocean currents which are complicated and variable and difficult to estimate in the ocean can cause the cable 52 to be loosened occasionally in the process of being pulled up, which can cause the two sampling hoppers 2 to be partially opened, the seabed sediment sample in the sampling box 1 to be partially lost, so that the actual sampling amount is less than the expected sampling amount, and the sampling times have to be increased, thereby reducing the sampling efficiency.
In this way, in the present embodiment, the bottom plates of the two sampling hoppers 2 are respectively provided with first and second teeth 21 and 22 which are arranged at intervals. Firstly, the first tooth 21 and the second tooth 22 can break the seabed sediment layer in the closing process of the two sampling hoppers 2, and particularly when the seabed sediment layer with a harder texture is handled, the breaking action of the first tooth 21 and the second tooth 22 can reduce the resistance when the two sampling hoppers 2 are closed. Secondly, the first bucket teeth 21 and the second bucket teeth 22 are in one-to-one correspondence and staggered, and the two sampling buckets 2 are mutually engaged when being closed, so that the opening at the bottom of the sampling box 1 is sealed, and even if the cable 52 is loosened occasionally in the process of pulling up, the two sampling buckets 2 still keep the state of sealing the opening at the bottom of the sampling box 1, thereby avoiding the loss of a seabed sediment sample and improving the sampling efficiency.
In this embodiment, the side of the first bucket tooth 21, which is close to the second bucket tooth 22, is provided with a bucket tooth snap 23, the side of the second bucket tooth 22, which is close to the first bucket tooth 21, is provided with a bucket tooth concave hole 24 corresponding to the bucket tooth snap 23, and when the two sampling buckets 2 are closed, the bucket tooth snap 23 is embedded into the corresponding bucket tooth concave hole 24, and through the embedding cooperation of the bucket tooth snap 23 and the bucket tooth concave hole 24, the combination state of the first bucket tooth 21 and the second bucket tooth 22 is stable and is not easy to loosen, so that the tight sealing of the bottom opening of the sampling box 1 in the upward pulling process can be ensured.
Further, the front end of the side surface of the second bucket tooth 22, which is close to the first bucket tooth 21, is provided with a slope structure 221, in the process that the two sampling buckets 2 are gradually closed, the opposite side surfaces of the first bucket tooth 21 and the second bucket tooth 22 are gradually close, and the slope structure 221 of the second bucket tooth 22 can guide the bucket tooth spring buckle 23 of the first bucket tooth 21 to squeeze and stick to the side surface of the second bucket tooth 22 until being embedded into the bucket tooth concave hole 24. By providing the ramp structure 221, the tooth latch 23 is prevented from being caught, so that smooth engagement with the tooth recess 24 is ensured.
In this embodiment, a plurality of sliding rails 25 extending along the length direction of the first tooth 21/the second tooth 22 are provided on the outer surface of the bottom plate of the sampling bucket 2, and the first tooth 21/the second tooth 22 are slidably connected to the corresponding sliding rails 25. The first bucket tooth 21/the second bucket tooth 22 are provided with a bucket tooth elastic piece 26, the bucket tooth elastic piece 26 is in a compressed state when the first bucket tooth 21/the second bucket tooth 22 is blocked, the first bucket tooth 21 and the second bucket tooth 22 can be subjected to the resistance action of a submarine sediment layer when the two sampling buckets 2 are closed, the first bucket tooth 21 and the second bucket tooth 22 slide and retract along the sliding rail 25 when the two sampling buckets 2 are broken, and the bucket tooth elastic piece 26 is compressed.
In this embodiment, the two tooth elastic members 26 are in tension when the tooth snap 23 is fitted into the tooth recess 24. The two sampling hoppers 2 stop at the closing moment, the first hopper tooth 21 and the second hopper tooth 22 extend relative to the two hopper teeth due to the action of inertia, and the seabed sediment layer in the extending direction of the first hopper tooth 21 and the second hopper tooth 22 is shoveled through the two sampling hoppers 2, so that the resistance action on the first hopper tooth 21 and the second hopper tooth 22 is reduced, the two hopper tooth elastic pieces 26 are gradually changed into a stretching state from a compression state, the hopper tooth elastic pieces 23 are embedded into the hopper tooth concave holes 24 in the stretching state, the two hopper tooth elastic pieces 26 maintain the stretching state, and the stretching state of the two hopper tooth elastic pieces 26 can apply elastic force to the two hopper teeth to drive the two sampling hoppers 2 to be closed, therefore, the self-locking effect of the two sampling hoppers 2 can be enhanced, and the sealing performance of the bottom opening of the closed sampling box 1 is further improved.
In this embodiment, the outer surface of the bottom plate of the sampling bucket 2 is provided with a plurality of tooth holders 27, the rear ends of the tooth holders 27 are closed, the front ends of the tooth holders 27 are open, the rear parts of the first bucket teeth 21/the second bucket teeth 22 are positioned in the tooth holders 27, and the front parts of the first bucket teeth 21/the second bucket teeth extend out of the tooth holders 27. The tooth elastic piece 26 is arranged in the tooth holder 27, two ends of the tooth elastic piece are respectively used for supporting the rear end of the tooth holder 27 and the rear ends of the first tooth 21 and the second tooth 22, and the tooth holder 27 is used for preventing the tooth elastic piece 26 from being contacted with a seabed sediment layer, so that the tooth elastic piece 26 is protected.
In addition, the rear ends of the first tooth 21 and the second tooth 22 are respectively provided with a tooth guide rod 28, the tooth elastic member 26 is provided as a compression spring, and is sleeved outside the tooth guide rods 28, the tooth guide rods 28 play a role in limiting the tooth elastic member 26, and the tooth elastic member 26 is prevented from deviating from the position originally set in the tooth holder 27 after long-time use.
In this embodiment, the two front and rear sides of the sampling box 1 are respectively provided with the link assembly, the link assembly includes two groups of upper links 53 and lower links 54 that are bilaterally symmetrical, the bottom ends of the upper links 53 are rotationally connected with the top ends of the lower links 54, the top ends of the two upper links 53 are rotationally connected with the lifting assembly 51 together, the two lower links 54 have rotation fulcrums 541 that are rotationally connected with the sides of the sampling box 1 together, and the bottom ends of the two lower links 54 are respectively connected with the two sampling hoppers 2. By the relative rotation of the upper link 53 and the lower link 54, and the rotation of the lower link 54 about the rotation fulcrum 541, the two sampling hoppers 2 can be opened and closed.
In general, the two sampling hoppers 2 are kept open due to the resistance of the seawater during the sinking process, but are limited by the complicated and variable ocean current conditions in the ocean, so in order to ensure that the sampling tank 1 is kept open before being inserted into the seabed sediment layer, in this embodiment, a torsion spring (not shown) is arranged at the rotation connection position of the upper connecting rod 53 and the lower connecting rod 54 for driving the two sampling hoppers 2 to keep open, and of course, the torsion force of the torsion spring is not required to be too strong, and only the two sampling hoppers 2 need to be kept open.
In this embodiment, the sampling box 1 is provided with an underwater high-pressure displacement sensor (not shown in the figure), and the underwater high-pressure displacement sensor can monitor the underwater depth of the deep-sea sediment sampling device in real time, and can judge that the deep-sea sediment sampling device has reached the submarine sediment layer when the value of the deep-sea sediment sampling device is stable, and a shipboard staff can start the shipboard strander.
First, since the deep-sea sediment sampling device of the present embodiment is provided with only two support pipes 41 for supporting the sediment layer on the sea bottom, the overall structure is simplified while the stability of the deep-sea sediment sampling device is maintained. Secondly, since the deep sea sediment sampling device of the present embodiment has a light overall weight, ocean currents at the sea bottom are complex and variable, which affects the overall stability of the support tube 41 supported on the seabed sediment layer, and further affects the insertion of the sampling box 1 into the seabed sediment layer for sampling.
Based on this, in this embodiment, the deep sea sediment sampling apparatus further includes an anchor rod 42 inserted into the support pipe 41 and extendable downward, an anchor locking structure locking the anchor rod 42 into the support pipe 41, and an anchor structure provided on the cross bar 31. The anchoring structure may release the locking of the anchor rod 42 by the anchoring locking structure and force the anchor rod 42 out of the support tube 41 and into the seabed sediment layer when the cross bar 31 translates downwards relative to the support tube 41.
The anchoring rod 42 can be anchored after the supporting pipe 41 is supported on the seabed sediment layer, on one hand, the performance of fixing the deep-sea sediment sampling device on the seabed sediment layer can be enhanced in an anchoring manner under the condition that a small amount of supporting pipes 41 are arranged, so that the stability of the deep-sea sediment sampling device is ensured, and on the other hand, the damage of complex and changeable seabed ocean current conditions to the stability of the deep-sea sediment sampling device can be avoided, so that the smooth proceeding of sampling is ensured.
In this embodiment, the anchoring locking structure includes a plurality of locking buckles 421 and a plurality of locking holes 411. Wherein, the locking buckles 421 are arranged on the outer wall of the anchoring rod 42, the head is in an arc surface, the locking holes 411 are arranged on the pipe wall of the supporting pipe 41, and the locking buckles 421 are embedded in the corresponding locking holes 411, so that the anchoring rod 42 can be kept locked in the supporting pipe 41 in the sinking stage. When the cross bar 31 translates downwards relative to the support tube 41, the anchoring structure applies a downward releasing force to the anchoring rod 42, and the releasing force increases with the increase of the translation distance, and as the head of the locking buckle 421 is an arc surface, the locking buckle 421 gradually breaks away from the locking hole 411 under the action of the increasing releasing force, when the releasing force reaches the threshold value, the locking buckle 421 is separated from the locking hole 411, so that the anchoring rod 42 is released from the locked state, and the kinetic energy of the anchoring rod 42 can be given to the anchoring rod 42 due to the downward direction of the releasing force, so that the anchoring rod is anchored into the seabed sediment.
In this embodiment, a vertically extending movable slot 412 is provided on the wall of the support tube 41, the cross bar 31 penetrates into the support tube 41 from the movable slot 412, and the length of the movable slot 412 defines the translation range of the cross bar 31. The anchoring structure comprises a first anchoring elastic element 71, wherein two ends of the first anchoring elastic element 71 respectively support the top ends of the cross rod 31 and the anchoring rod 42, and the first anchoring elastic element 71 is in a compressed state when the cross rod 31 translates downwards relative to the supporting tube 41. First, as the cross bar 31 is translated downward, the compression amplitude of the first anchoring elastic member 71 is gradually increased, so that the locking tab 421 can be released from the locking hole 411, i.e., the locking is released. Next, at the moment when the locking tab 421 is released from the locking hole 411, the compression amplitude of the first anchoring elastic member 71 is maximized, and the releasing force thereof, i.e., the elastic force thereof is maximized, so that the kinetic energy provided to the anchor rod 42 is maximized. Furthermore, the first anchoring elastic member can apply an upward elastic force to the cross bar 31, so that the cross bar 31 abuts against the top end of the movable slot 412, and the cross bar 31 is prevented from translating downward relative to the support tube 41 during sinking.
In this embodiment, the anchoring structure further includes a vertically extending anchoring guide rod 72; the top end of the anchoring guide rod 72 is connected to the cross rod 31, and the bottom end slides into the top end of the anchoring rod 42. The first anchoring elastic member 71 is provided as a compression spring and is fitted over the anchoring guide rod 72. The anchor guiding rod 72 serves to limit the position of the first anchor elastic member 71 in the support tube 41, so as to avoid positional deviation after long-term use, and the outer diameter of the anchor rod 42 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the support tube 41, so that the anchor guiding rod 72 can also serve to guide the anchor rod 42, so as to avoid axial deflection of the anchor rod 42 during anchoring into a seabed sediment layer.
In this embodiment, a vertically extending anchor guiding sleeve 73 is disposed at the top end of the anchor rod 42, and the anchor guiding sleeve 73 is slidably sleeved on the anchor guiding rod 72. The anchor guiding sleeve 73 can increase the contact area between the anchor guiding rod 72 and the anchor rod 42, not only improves the guiding accuracy, but also can avoid the bending deformation of the anchor guiding rod 72 in the guiding process.
In this embodiment, a second anchoring elastic member 74 is provided between the anchoring rod 42 and the supporting tube 41, and the elastic force applied by the second anchoring elastic member 74 to the anchoring rod 42 is used to drive the anchoring rod 42 to extend out of the supporting tube 41 and anchor into the seabed sediment layer. The second anchoring elastic member 74 may be a compression spring sleeved outside the anchoring rod 42, and the top end and the bottom end of the compression spring are respectively connected with the outer wall of the anchoring rod 42 and the inner wall of the supporting tube 41, and in the locked state of the anchoring rod 42, the second anchoring elastic member 74 is in a compressed state, and of course, the downward elastic force applied by the second anchoring elastic member 74 to the anchoring rod 42 needs to be moderate, so as to avoid damaging the embedded fit of the locking buckle 421 and the locking concave hole in advance. First, the second anchoring elastic member 74 cooperates with the first anchoring elastic member 71 to increase the kinetic energy provided to the anchor rod 42. Secondly, the elastic action sites of the second anchoring elastic member 74 and the first anchoring elastic member 71 are spaced apart along the extending direction of the anchoring rod 42, so that the actions of the two on the anchoring rod 42 are uniform, and compared with the arrangement of only the first anchoring elastic member 71, the action force is concentrated at the top end of the anchoring rod 42, thereby easily increasing the damage condition of the top end and the upper section of the anchoring rod 42. Moreover, the elastic force of the second anchoring elastic member 74 can reduce the magnitude of the releasing force of the first anchoring elastic member 71 for releasing the locking buckle 421 from the locking hole 411, and a certain sharing effect is achieved.
In this embodiment, an anchor guiding slot 413 is disposed on the wall of the supporting tube 41 below the locking hole 411, and the anchor guiding slot 413 extends along a vertical spiral. The locking spring 421 can be embedded into the corresponding anchoring guide groove 413 after being separated from the locking hole 411, and the anchoring rod 42 can synchronously rotate around the central axis of the anchoring rod 42 while downwards extending after unlocking the locking state, so that the bottom breaking performance of the anchoring rod can be improved, and the anchoring rod is more convenient to deal with a seabed sediment layer with harder texture.
In this embodiment, the bottom end of the anchoring rod 42 is provided with a tapered anchor head 422, and the anchor head 422 may be further provided with a breaking blade to further improve the breaking performance.
In this embodiment, the bottom end of the supporting tube 41 has a plurality of supporting legs 414 extending outward from the supporting tube 41, so that on one hand, in the case of only two supporting tubes 41 being provided in this embodiment, the supporting legs 414 can improve the stability of the supporting tube 41 after supporting the seabed sediment layer, and on the other hand, the influence of ocean currents on the seabed can be reduced before the anchor rod 42 is anchored into the seabed sediment layer, thereby playing an excessive role.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme recorded in each embodiment can be modified or part of technical features in the technical scheme can be replaced equivalently; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The deep sea sediment sampling device is characterized by comprising a frame body, a sampling box which is arranged on the frame body and can slide vertically, two sampling hoppers which are symmetrical left and right relative to the sampling box, two cross bars which are respectively connected to two sides of the frame body, a supporting tube which extends vertically and is arranged on the cross bars, a speed-up structure which is arranged on the frame body, and a speed-up locking structure which locks the speed-up structure; the bottom of the sampling box is provided with an opening; the cross rod is movably connected with the support tube, and can vertically translate in a limited way relative to the support tube; when the cross rod translates downwards relative to the support tube, the locking state of the accelerating structure by the accelerating locking structure can be released, and the accelerating structure which is released from the locking is used for accelerating the downward sliding speed of the sampling box along the frame body and inserting the sampling box into a seabed sediment layer; the two sampling hoppers can be opened and closed, and are used for opening the bottom opening of the sampling box before the sampling box is inserted into the seabed sediment layer and closing the bottom opening of the sampling box after the sampling box is inserted into the sediment layer.
2. The deep sea sediment sampling device of claim 1, wherein the frame has a cross beam above the sampling tank; the speed-up structure comprises a mounting frame arranged on the cross beam, a bedplate connected to two sides of the mounting frame and horizontally arranged, a speed-up guide column vertically penetrating through the bedplate, and a speed-up elastic piece supported at the bottom of the bedplate and the bottom end of the speed-up guide column; the speed-up locking structure comprises a bolt, a rope, a locking bolt and a supporting pipe, wherein the bolt transversely penetrates through the speed-up guide post and is supported at the top of the bedplate; when the bolt penetrates through the speed-increasing guide post, the speed-increasing elastic piece is in a compressed state; the cable may be gradually tensioned and the bolt withdrawn from the accelerating guide post as the cross bar translates downward relative to the support tube.
3. The deep sea sediment sampling device of claim 2, wherein the bottom end of the acceleration guide column is provided with an impact member for striking down the top of the sampling tank after the plug pin is withdrawn from the acceleration guide column.
4. A deep sea sediment sampling device according to claim 3, wherein the bottom of the strike is provided with an elastic protection pad.
5. The deep sea sediment sampling device of claim 2, wherein the frame further has two vertically extending rail plates slidably engaged with the left and right sides of the sampling tank, respectively; the two ends of the cross beam are respectively connected with the top ends of the two guide rail plates.
6. The deep sea sediment sampling device according to claim 5, wherein the guide rail plate is provided with positioning buckles with arc heads, the left and right sides of the sampling box are provided with positioning holes, and the positioning buckles are embedded in the positioning holes.
7. The deep sea sediment sampling device of claim 1, further comprising two link assemblies, a pulling assembly, a cable connecting the pulling assembly and fitted to an on-board cable cutter, respectively disposed on both front and rear sides of the sampling tank; the connecting rod assembly comprises two groups of upper connecting rods and lower connecting rods which are bilaterally symmetrical, the bottom ends of the upper connecting rods are rotationally connected with the top ends of the lower connecting rods, the top ends of the two upper connecting rods are rotationally connected with the lifting assembly together, the two lower connecting rods are provided with rotating fulcrums which are rotationally connected with the side walls of the sampling box together, and the bottom ends of the two lower connecting rods are respectively connected with the two sampling hoppers.
8. The deep sea sediment sampling device according to claim 7, wherein the bottom plates of the two sampling hoppers are respectively provided with a first bucket tooth and a second bucket tooth which are arranged at intervals and used for breaking the sediment layer at the sea bottom; the first bucket teeth and the second bucket teeth are in one-to-one correspondence and are staggered, and are mutually engaged when the two sampling buckets are closed so as to seal the opening at the bottom of the sampling box; the side that first bucket tooth is close to the second bucket tooth is equipped with the bucket tooth and buckles, the side that the second bucket tooth is close to first bucket tooth is equipped with the bucket tooth shrinkage pool that corresponds with the bucket tooth is buckled, two sampling hoppers are closed the bucket tooth is buckled and is embedded in the bucket tooth shrinkage pool that corresponds.
9. The deep sea sediment sampling device of claim 1, wherein the support tube is inserted with a downwardly extendable anchor rod; a plurality of locking buckles with arc heads are arranged on the outer wall of the anchoring rod, and locking holes embedded by the locking buckles are arranged on the wall of the supporting tube; a vertically extending movable groove is formed in the pipe wall of the supporting pipe, the cross rod penetrates into the supporting pipe from the movable groove, and a first anchoring elastic piece is supported between the cross rod and the top end of the anchoring rod; when the cross rod translates downwards relative to the support tube, the first anchoring elastic element is in a compressed state, the compression amplitude is gradually increased, and when the elastic force exerted by the first anchoring elastic element on the top end of the anchoring rod is increased to a threshold value, the locking elastic element can be enabled to be separated from the locking hole.
10. The deep sea sediment sampling device according to claim 9, wherein the pipe wall of the supporting pipe is provided with an anchor guiding groove below the locking hole; the anchor guiding groove extends along a vertical spiral; the locking elastic buckle can be embedded into the corresponding anchor guiding groove after being separated from the locking hole.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311122648.1A CN117054159A (en) | 2023-03-15 | 2023-03-15 | Efficient deep sea sampling device |
| CN202310247313.6A CN116380542B (en) | 2023-03-15 | 2023-03-15 | Deep sea sediment sampling device |
| CN202311122631.6A CN117168892A (en) | 2023-03-15 | 2023-03-15 | High-adaptability deep sea sampling device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310247313.6A CN116380542B (en) | 2023-03-15 | 2023-03-15 | Deep sea sediment sampling device |
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| CN202311122648.1A Division CN117054159A (en) | 2023-03-15 | 2023-03-15 | Efficient deep sea sampling device |
| CN202311122631.6A Division CN117168892A (en) | 2023-03-15 | 2023-03-15 | High-adaptability deep sea sampling device |
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| CN116380542A true CN116380542A (en) | 2023-07-04 |
| CN116380542B CN116380542B (en) | 2023-09-19 |
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| CN202310247313.6A Active CN116380542B (en) | 2023-03-15 | 2023-03-15 | Deep sea sediment sampling device |
| CN202311122648.1A Pending CN117054159A (en) | 2023-03-15 | 2023-03-15 | Efficient deep sea sampling device |
| CN202311122631.6A Pending CN117168892A (en) | 2023-03-15 | 2023-03-15 | High-adaptability deep sea sampling device |
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| CN202311122648.1A Pending CN117054159A (en) | 2023-03-15 | 2023-03-15 | Efficient deep sea sampling device |
| CN202311122631.6A Pending CN117168892A (en) | 2023-03-15 | 2023-03-15 | High-adaptability deep sea sampling device |
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| US20180143104A1 (en) * | 2015-05-04 | 2018-05-24 | Korea Institute Of Ocean Science Technology | Sample collection apparatus |
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- 2023-03-15 CN CN202310247313.6A patent/CN116380542B/en active Active
- 2023-03-15 CN CN202311122648.1A patent/CN117054159A/en active Pending
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN117168892A (en) | 2023-12-05 |
| CN116380542B (en) | 2023-09-19 |
| CN117054159A (en) | 2023-11-14 |
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